1
|
Bioinformation Systems with Detectors and Signal Coding Capabilities. SCIENCE AND INNOVATION 2022. [DOI: 10.15407/scine18.02.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction. The integration of computer technologies into various fields of science allows the development of new methodologies, hybrid information systems with advanced capabilities, such as EcoIS bioinformation system for monitoring the environment with the use of biological data detectors.Problem Statement. The development of innovation bioinformation systems with biological data detectors is a very important task, as they have numerous advantages: allow rapid diagnostics and testing of chemicals in thefirst moments of their action, may be incorporated easily into electronic registration systems, may serve as elementary analytical units with data coding capabilities, etc.Purpose. The purpose of this research is to make a comprehensive analysis of different types of biological data detectors to develop a physical model of a biosensor capable of encoding signals and a bioinformation system with such detectors.Materials and Methods. The comparative analysis of information systems with functions of ecomonitoring and different types of biosensors have been used; the data are taken from electrophysiological experiments on registration of chemosensitive transmembrane electric currents in voltage clamp and patch clamp modes.Results. The physical model of biosensor has been developed and tested. The integration of the developed biosensors into the electronic bioinformation system by the example of EcoIS authors’ system has been demonstrated. Neuron-like biosensor has been considered an abstraction in the unity of its functions: signal receiver — filter — analyzer — encoder/decoder, where the input information is obtained in the form of chemical structures or electrical signals, after the conversion (recoding) of information it is registered as electrical signals with changed characteristics. The prospects for developing the cutting-edge methods for information protection in systems with biosensors have been shown.
Conclusions. This development may be used for creating a bioinformation system for environmental moni toring with integrated biosensor system and data protection based on the principles and achievements of contemporary biophysics.
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu J, Liang YS, Hu T, Zeng H, Gao R, Wang L, Xiao YH. Environmental fate of Bt proteins in soil: Transport, adsorption/desorption and degradation. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 226:112805. [PMID: 34592526 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
During the production and application of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) transgenic crops, large doses of insecticidal Bt toxic proteins are expressed continuously. The multi-interfacial behaviors of Bt proteins entering the environment in multi-media affects their states of existence transformation, transport and fate as well as biological and ecological impacts. Because both soil matrix and organisms will be exposed to Bt proteins to a certain extent, knowledge of the multi-interfacial behaviors and affecting factors of Bt proteins are vital not only for understanding the source-sink distribution mechanisms, predicting their bio-availability, but also for exploring the soil safety and environmental problems caused by the interaction between Bt proteins and soil matrix. This review summarized and analyzed various internal and external factors that affect the adsorption/ desorption and degradation of Bt proteins in the environment, so as to understand the multi-interfacial behaviors of Bt proteins. In addition, the reasons of concentration changes of Bt proteins in soil are discussed. This review will also discuss the existing knowledge of the combined effects of Bt proteins and other pollutants in environment. Finally, discussing the factors that should be considered when assessing the environmental risk of Bt proteins, thus to further improve the understanding of the environmental fate of Bt proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University and Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rural Ecosystem Health in Dongting Lake Area, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Yun-Shan Liang
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University and Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rural Ecosystem Health in Dongting Lake Area, Changsha 410128, PR China; College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University and Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Swine Production, Changsha 410128, PR China.
| | - Teng Hu
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University and Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rural Ecosystem Health in Dongting Lake Area, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Hong Zeng
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University and Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rural Ecosystem Health in Dongting Lake Area, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Rong Gao
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University and Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rural Ecosystem Health in Dongting Lake Area, Changsha 410128, PR China; College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University and Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Swine Production, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Li Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University and Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rural Ecosystem Health in Dongting Lake Area, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Yun-Hua Xiao
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University and Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Swine Production, Changsha 410128, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Engel E, Pasini MPB, Kist NA. Spatial distribution and sample size to estimate Lycosa erythrognatha (Araneae: Lycosidae) population density overwintering. BRAZ J BIOL 2020; 81:969-976. [PMID: 33053133 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.232607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lycosa erythrognatha Lucas, 1833 (Araneae: Lycosidae) is a predatory arthropod with potential for conservation biological control. In addition to being considered a bioindicator of environmental quality, this arthropod provides an important service for agriculture by reducing insect-pest populations. In this work we seek to understand how the plants Andropogon bicornis L., Saccharum angustifolium Nees and Eustachys retusa Lag (Poales: Poaceae) and their different clump sizes affect the population density, spatial distribution and determination of the minimum number of samples to estimate its population density during the winter. Among the evaluated host plants, S. angustifolium and A. bicornis presented higher population density than E. retusa, but we observed that the clump diameter significantly influences the population density and the minimum number of samples. We observed a gregarious behavior in plants of A. bicornis and E. retusa. For S. angustifolium, a uniform distribution was observed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Engel
- Universidade de São Paulo, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Departamento de Entomologia e Acarologia, Piracicaba, SP, Brasil
| | - M P B Pasini
- Universidade de Cruz Alta, Laboratório de Entomologia, Cruz Alta, RS, Brasil
| | - N A Kist
- Universidade de Cruz Alta, Laboratório de Entomologia, Cruz Alta, RS, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Klyuchko OM. AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS OF Arthropodae SPECIES: MECHANISMS OF ACTION ON BIOLOGICAL MEMBRANES AND PERSPECTIVES OF BIOMEDICAL APPLICATION. BIOTECHNOLOGIA ACTA 2020. [DOI: 10.15407/biotech13.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
|
5
|
Wang J, Peng Y, Yang H, Yan Z, Li Q, Shi Y, Xie C, Liang Y, Wang Z, Song Q. Biotoxicity of Cry1Ab protein on wolf spider Pardosa pseudoannulata. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2017; 26:1336-1343. [PMID: 29043472 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-017-1858-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this research, we carried out a tritrophic bioassay to assess the potential effect of Cry1Ab-expressing rice on the foraging behavior of the common wolf spider Pardosa pseudoannulata and its underlying molecular mechanism. Results indicated the Bt-containing spiders expressed a higher foraging range when compared to controls. The high throughput de novo transcriptome sequencing was further carried out for central nervous system (CNS) of P. pseudoannulata with and without Cry1Ab intake. We obtained 120, 985 unigenes with a mean length of 529.73 bp. Functional analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) showed the expression levels of genes related to energy metabolism were changed in response to Cry1Ab, which may contribute to a more active foraging behavior. In addition, some DEGs also have a function related to metal ion binding, implying a potential influence on metal ions-dependent reactions. This may be associated with Cry1Ab resistance mechanism in the spider.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- College of Bioscience and Technology, Hunan Agriculture University, No1 Nongda Road, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Yuande Peng
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, 410205, China
| | - Huilin Yang
- College of Bioscience and Technology, Hunan Agriculture University, No1 Nongda Road, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Zhenzhen Yan
- College of Bioscience and Technology, Hunan Agriculture University, No1 Nongda Road, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Qinjin Li
- College of Bioscience and Technology, Hunan Agriculture University, No1 Nongda Road, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Yixue Shi
- College of Bioscience and Technology, Hunan Agriculture University, No1 Nongda Road, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Chunliang Xie
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, 410205, China
| | - Yunshan Liang
- College of Bioscience and Technology, Hunan Agriculture University, No1 Nongda Road, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- College of Bioscience and Technology, Hunan Agriculture University, No1 Nongda Road, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China.
| | - Qisheng Song
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Saqib HSA, You M, Gurr GM. Multivariate ordination identifies vegetation types associated with spider conservation in brassica crops. PeerJ 2017; 5:e3795. [PMID: 29085741 PMCID: PMC5661431 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Conservation biological control emphasizes natural and other non-crop vegetation as a source of natural enemies to focal crops. There is an unmet need for better methods to identify the types of vegetation that are optimal to support specific natural enemies that may colonize the crops. Here we explore the commonality of the spider assemblage—considering abundance and diversity (H)—in brassica crops with that of adjacent non-crop and non-brassica crop vegetation. We employ spatial-based multivariate ordination approaches, hierarchical clustering and spatial eigenvector analysis. The small-scale mixed cropping and high disturbance frequency of southern Chinese vegetation farming offered a setting to test the role of alternate vegetation for spider conservation. Our findings indicate that spider families differ markedly in occurrence with respect to vegetation type. Grassy field margins, non-crop vegetation, taro and sweetpotato harbour spider morphospecies and functional groups that are also present in brassica crops. In contrast, pumpkin and litchi contain spiders not found in brassicas, and so may have little benefit for conservation biological control services for brassicas. Our findings also illustrate the utility of advanced statistical approaches for identifying spatial relationships between natural enemies and the land uses most likely to offer alternative habitats for conservation biological control efforts that generates testable hypotheses for future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hafiz Sohaib Ahmed Saqib
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.,Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Minsheng You
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.,Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian-Taiwan Joint Centre for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Geoff M Gurr
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.,Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian-Taiwan Joint Centre for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Charles Sturt University, Orange, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Assessing the effects of Cry1C rice and Cry2A rice to Pseudogonatopus flavifemur, a parasitoid of rice planthoppers. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7838. [PMID: 28798310 PMCID: PMC5552772 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08173-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Transgenic rice producing insecticidal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) could help protect the plants from damage by lepidopteran pests. However, one concern is the potential of Bt rice to harm non-target natural enemies, which play a vital role in pest control. In the present study, the potential effects of Cry1C rice and Cry2A rice on different life-table parameters and population dynamics of Pseudogonatopus flavifemur, a parasitoid of rice planthoppers, were evaluated under laboratory and field condition. The exposure of P. flavifemur to plant-produced Bt proteins was also analyzed. Results indicated that direct feeding on rice plants was the main exposure pathway of P. flavifemur to the Cry1C and Cry2A proteins. No significant difference on the development, survival, longevity, fecundity, and prey consumption of P. flavifemur was detected over two generations between the Bt and non-Bt rice treatments. Furthermore, the population dynamics of P. flavifemur were not affected by Cry1C rice and Cry2A rice. In conclusion, the tested Cry1C rice and Cry2A rice do not appear to harm the parasitoid P. flavifemur.
Collapse
|
8
|
Griotti M, Muñoz-Escobar C, Ferretti NE. Linking Vegetation Structure and Spider Diversity in Riparian and Adjacent Habitats in Two Rivers of Central Argentina: An Analysis at Two Conceptual Levels. ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 2017; 46:794-803. [PMID: 28510702 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvx094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The link between vegetation structure and spider diversity has been well explored in the literature. However, few studies have compared spider diversity and its response to vegetation at two conceptual levels: assemblage (species diversity) and ensemble (guild diversity). Because of this, we studied spider diversity in riparian and adjacent habitats of a river system from the Chacoan subregion in central Argentina and evaluated their linkage with vegetation structure at these two levels. To assess vegetation structure, we measured plant species richness and vegetation cover in the herb and shrub - tree layers. We collected spiders for over 6 months by using vacuum netting, sweep netting and pitfall traps. We collected 3,808 spiders belonging to 119 morphospecies, 24 families and 9 guilds. At spider assemblage level, SIMPROF analysis showed significant differences among studied habitats. At spider ensemble level, nevertheless, we found no significant differences among habitats. Concerning the linkage with vegetation structure, BIOENV test showed that spider diversity at either assemblage or ensemble level was not significantly correlated with the vegetation variables assessed. Our results indicated that spider diversity was not affected by vegetation structure. Hence, even though we found a pattern in spider assemblages among habitats, this could not be attributed to vegetation structure. In this study, we show that analyzing a community at two conceptual levels will be useful for recognizing different responses of spider communities to vegetation structure in diverse habitat types.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Griotti
- Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas IADIZA (CCT-CONICET), Av. A. Ruiz Leal s/n, Parque Gral. San Martín (5500), Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Christian Muñoz-Escobar
- Programa de Doctorado en Sistemática and Biodiversidad. Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Chile
| | - Nelson E Ferretti
- Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores CEPAVE (CCT-CONICET), Boulevard 120?s/n e/61 y 62, La Plata, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yang H, Peng Y, Tian J, Wang J, Hu J, Song Q, Wang Z. Review: biosafety assessment of Bt rice and other Bt crops using spiders as example for non-target arthropods in China. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2017; 36:505-517. [PMID: 28210764 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-017-2108-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Since the birth of transgenic crops expressing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxin for pest control, the public debate regarding ecological and environmental risks as well as benefits of Bt crops has continued unabated. The impact of Bt crops, especially on non-target invertebrates, has received particular attention. In this review, we summarize and analyze evidences for non-target effects of Bt rice on spiders, major predators in rice fields. Bt rice has been genetically modified to express the Bt protein, which has been shown to be transferred and accumulate in spiders as part of their food chain. Moreover, the Bt protein exhibits unintended effects on the physiology of spiders and spreads to higher trophic levels. Spiders possess unique physiological and ecological characteristics, revealing traits of surrogate species, and are thus considered to be excellent non-target arthropod model systems for study of Bt protein impacts. Due to the complexities of Bt protein transfer and accumulation mechanisms, as well as the apparent lack of information about resulting physiological, biochemical, and ecological effects on spiders, we raise questions and provide recommendations for promising further research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huilin Yang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agriculture University, No. 1 Nongda Road, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
- College of Orient Science & Technology, Hunan Agriculture University, No. 1 Nongda Road, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Yuande Peng
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410205, Hunan, China
| | - Jianxiang Tian
- College of Continuing Education, Hunan Agriculture University, No. 1 Nongda Road, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Juan Wang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agriculture University, No. 1 Nongda Road, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Jilin Hu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agriculture University, No. 1 Nongda Road, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Qisheng Song
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Zhi Wang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agriculture University, No. 1 Nongda Road, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kim YJ, Lee JH, Harn CH, Kim CG. Transgenic Cabbage Expressing Cry1Ac1 Does Not Affect the Survival and Growth of the Wolf Spider, Pardosa astrigera L. Koch (Araneae: Lycosidae). PLoS One 2016; 11:e0153395. [PMID: 27055120 PMCID: PMC4824485 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Both herbivores that consume transgenic crops and their predators can be exposed to insecticidal proteins expressed in those crops. We conducted a tritrophic bioassay to evaluate the ecotoxicological impacts that Bt cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) expressing Cry1Ac1 protein might have on the wolf spider (Pardosa astrigera), a non-target generalist predator. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays indicated that protein levels were 4.61 ng g-1 dry weight in fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) fed with the transgenic cabbage and 1.86 ng g-1 dry weight in the wolf spiders that preyed upon them. We also compared the life history traits of spiders collected from Bt versus non-Bt cabbage and found no significant differences in their growth, survival, and developmental rates. Because Bt cabbage did not affect the growth of fruit flies, we conclude that any indirect effects that this crop had on the wolf spider were probably not mediated by prey quality. Therefore, exposure to Cry1Ac1 protein when feeding upon prey containing that substance from transgenic cabbage has only a negligible influence on those non-target predatory spiders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young-Joong Kim
- Bio-Evaluation Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju 28116, Republic of Korea
- Entomology program, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Ho Lee
- Entomology program, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Chee Hark Harn
- R&D Headquarters, Nongwoo Bio Co., Yeoju 12648, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Gi Kim
- Bio-Evaluation Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju 28116, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Lin S, Vasseur L, You MS. Seasonal Variability in Spider Assemblages in Traditional and Transgenic Rice Fields. ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 2016; 45:537-546. [PMID: 26856757 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvw002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The use of Bt transgenic rice (or Bt rice) remains controversial in several countries, including China. Risk assessments are a prerequisite to confirm the safety of Bt rice for ecosystems before a commercial release. This study was conducted to compare the responses of spider assemblages to Bt rice and nontransgenic rice. Two experiments with different locations and times were conducted, and the data were analyzed using standard diversity indices and multivariate community analysis. With both analytical approaches, spider diversity and assemblage composition were not significantly different between Bt and non transgenic rice fields. However, based on principal component analyses, temporal (seasonal) variations occurred in the composition of the spider assemblage. In this study, Bt rice had no detrimental effects on the spider assemblages, although assemblage composition and species abundance varied during the growing season. This study demonstrated an advantage in using community assemblages and repeated sampling to compare fields over a growing season because changes in the assemblages, and more specifically for some species, not always the most dominant, may vary over time. To more accurately assess the changes in composition and structure of spider assemblages through time, particularly for those species that may require a longer period to detect a response, an increase in sampling effort and longer-term experiments might be required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Lin
- Institute of Applied Ecology and Research Centre for Biodiversity and Eco-Safety, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China, Fujian-Taiwan Joint Centre for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, China, Fuzhou 350002, China, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China, Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, Ontario L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Liette Vasseur
- Institute of Applied Ecology and Research Centre for Biodiversity and Eco-Safety, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, China, Fuzhou 350002, China, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China, Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, Ontario L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Min-Sheng You
- Institute of Applied Ecology and Research Centre for Biodiversity and Eco-Safety, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China, Fujian-Taiwan Joint Centre for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, China, Fuzhou 350002, China, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China,
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Schoenly KG, Barrion AT. Designing Standardized and Optimized Surveys to Assess Invertebrate Biodiversity in Tropical Irrigated Rice Using Structured Inventory and Species Richness Models. ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 2016; 45:446-464. [PMID: 26865370 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvw003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Insect pest management depends on simple, rapid, and reliable sampling methods that should also be standardized and optimized. We tested structured inventory, community characterization, and sampling optimization approaches on the invertebrate fauna of Philippine irrigated rice, undisrupted by pesticides, using seven field methods and species richness models. Canopy and floodwater invertebrates were intensively and repetitively sampled from 600 quadrats (∼0.1-m(2) planar area) over dry and wet cropping seasons in one field at the International Rice Research Institute in the Philippines. In the canopy, pooled counts from D-Vac and plant dissections (PD) on the same rice hills ("absolute methodology") were compared with three other methods (i.e., FARMCOP, Blower-Vac, sweep-net), while, in the floodwater, the area collector ("absolute methodology") was compared with three other methods (i.e., FARMCOP, Blower-Vac, strainer-net). Overall, 25 and 50% of the observed richness of canopy and floodwater taxa, respectively, were caught by all four methods. Estimated inventory completeness for the canopy and floodwater averaged 82 and 98%, respectively, after all methods were pooled. To maximize observed richness, optimization results for the canopy recommended allocating the highest sampling effort to D-Vac and PD, followed by the Blower-Vac, whereas the area collector should be assigned the highest sampling effort in the floodwater, followed by the strainer-net or Blower-Vac. Our results suggest that structured inventory and species richness models are useful tools for setting optimization criteria and stopping rules for sampling crop-invertebrate assemblages based on inventory completeness and for enabling more informative biodiversity comparisons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth G Schoenly
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Stanislaus, 1 University Circle, Turlock, CA 95382 ,
| | - Alberto T Barrion
- Department of Biology, De La Salle University Taft, Metro Manila, Philippines
| |
Collapse
|