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The young fruit of Citrus aurantium L. or Citrus sinensis Osbeck as a natural health food: A deep insight into the scientific evidence of its health benefits. ARAB J CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2023.104681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
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UPLC-MS/MS Method for the Simultaneous Quantification of Eight Compounds in Rat Plasma and Its Application to a Pharmacokinetic Study after Oral Administration of Veratrum (Veratrum nigrum L.) Extract. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:8883277. [PMID: 33134392 PMCID: PMC7593722 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8883277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Veratrum nigrum L. is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine with a lot of pharmacological activities including antihypertensive, anticancer, and antifungal effects. In the current experiment, a rapid and sensitive UPLC-MS/MS method that takes only 7 min run time has been established and validated for simultaneous determination of eight bioactive compounds including cyclopamine, jervine, veratramine, polydatin, quercetin, apigenin, resveratrol, and veratrosine in rat plasma. The chromatographic separation of analytes and internal standard was performed on a Phenyl-Hexyl column (2.1 × 100 mm, 1.7 μm) with the mobile phase consisting of water (0.1% formic acid) and acetonitrile at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. An electrospray ionization (ESI) source was used to detect the samples in both positive and negative ion modes. The intra- and interday precisions of the compounds were less than 9.5% and the accuracy ranged from -10.8% to 10.4%. The extraction recoveries of the compounds were in the range of 85.1 ± 1.5% to 102.6 ± 8.0%, and the matrix effect ranged from 91.2 ± 4.5% to 113.8 ± 1.5%. According to the results of the stability test, the eight compounds have good stability under various conditions and the relative standard deviation (RSD) less than 13.2%. The pharmacokinetic parameters of the eight compounds in rat plasma after oral administration of Veratrum nigrum L. extract were successfully determined by the established UPLC-MS/MS method.
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Wei Z, Qian Q, Dong X, Li N, Sun G, Gao S, Dong X. Metabolomic approach to understand the acute and chronic hepatotoxicity of Veratrum nigrum extract in mice based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Toxicol Mech Methods 2017; 27:687-696. [PMID: 28701067 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2017.1351017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ziheng Wei
- Third Company, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Qingqing Qian
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai, School of Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Xu Dong
- Third Company, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Na Li
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Guangchun Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai, School of Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Songyan Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Xin Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P.R. China
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Veratri Nigri Rhizoma et Radix (Veratrum nigrum L.) and Its Constituent Jervine Prevent Adipogenesis via Activation of the LKB1-AMPKα-ACC Axis In Vivo and In Vitro. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:8674397. [PMID: 27143989 PMCID: PMC4837256 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8674397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study was performed in order to investigate the antiobese effects of the ethanolic extract of Veratri Nigri Rhizoma et Radix (VN), a herb with limited usage, due to its toxicology. An HPLC analysis identified jervine as a constituent of VN. By an Oil Red O assay and a Real-Time RT-PCR assay, VN showed higher antiadipogenic effects than jervine. In high-fat diet- (HFD-) induced obese C57BL/6J mice, VN administration suppressed body weight gain. The levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBPα), adipocyte fatty-acid-binding protein (aP2), adiponectin, resistin, and LIPIN1 were suppressed by VN, while SIRT1 was upregulated. Furthermore, VN activated phosphorylation of the liver kinase B1- (LKB1-) AMP-activated protein kinase alpha- (AMPKα-) acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC) axis. Further investigation of cotreatment of VN with the AMPK agonist AICAR or AMPK inhibitor Compound C showed that VN can activate the phosphorylation of AMPKα in compensation to the inhibition of Compound C. In conclusion, VN shows antiobesity effects in HFD-induced obese C57BL/6J mice. In 3T3-L1 adipocytes, VN has antiadipogenic features, which is due to activating the LKB1-AMPKα-ACC axis. These results suggest that VN has a potential benefit in preventing obesity.
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ZHANG SHUYA, HAN LIYA, ZHANG HONG, XIN HAILIANG. Chaenomeles speciosa: A review of chemistry and pharmacology. Biomed Rep 2014; 2:12-18. [PMID: 24649061 PMCID: PMC3917013 DOI: 10.3892/br.2013.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Chaenomeles speciosa (Sweet) Nakai (C. speciosa, Rosaceae family) is an effective medicinal plant, which has long been used in China to treat various diseases, such as rheumatism, cholera, dysentery, enteritis, beriberi and vitamin C deficiency syndrome. A series of chemical constituents, including triterpenoid, phenolic and phenylpropionic acids, flavonoids, saccharides, essential oils and alkaloids, have been isolated from this plant and some have already been evaluated for their biological activities. Pharmacological investigations demonstrated that C. speciosa possesses anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, antimicrobial, antioxidant, immunoregulatory, antiparkinsonian, hepatoprotective and antitumor properties. The objective of this review was to summarise available up-to-date and comprehensive information on C. speciosa and provide a relevant reference for further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- SHU-YA ZHANG
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, P.R. China
| | - LI-YA HAN
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - HONG ZHANG
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - HAI-LIANG XIN
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P.R. China
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Interaction of Veratrum nigrum with Panax ginseng against Obesity: A Sang-ban Relationship. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:732126. [PMID: 24073007 PMCID: PMC3773901 DOI: 10.1155/2013/732126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2013] [Revised: 07/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Obesity has become a major health threat in developed countries. However, current medications for obesity are limited because of their adverse effects. Interest in natural products for the treatment of obesity is thus rapidly growing. Korean Medicine (KM) is characterized by the wide use of herbal formulas. However, the combination rule of herbal formulas in KM lacks experimental evidence. According to Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica, the earliest book of herbal medicine, Veratrum nigrum (VN) has antagonistic features against Panax ginseng (PG), and the PG-VN pair is strictly forbidden. In this study, we have shown the effects of PG, VN, and their combination on obesity in high-fat (HF) diet-induced obese mice and in 3T3-L1 cells. PG, VN, and PG-VN combination significantly reduced weight gain and the fat pad weight in HF diet-induced obese mice. They also significantly decreased lipid accumulation and the expressions of two major adipogenesis factors, PPARγ and C/EBPα, in 3T3-L1 cells. In addition, the PG-VN combination had synergistic effects compared with the mixture of extracts of PG and VN on inhibition of PPARγ and C/EBPα expressions at lower doses. These results indicate a new potential anti-obese pharmacotherapy and also provide scientific evidence supporting the usage of herbal combinations instead of mixtures in KM.
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Wang P, Sun J, Gao E, Zhao Y, Qu W, Yu Z. Simultaneous determination of limonin, dictamnine, obacunone and fraxinellone in rat plasma by a validated UHPLC-MS/MS and its application to a pharmacokinetic study after oral administration of Cortex Dictamni extract. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2013; 928:44-51. [PMID: 23611843 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2013] [Revised: 03/08/2013] [Accepted: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A rapid and selective ultra high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed for the simultaneous determination of four major ingredients in Cortex Dictamni extract, including limonin, dictamnine, obacunone and fraxinellone in rats plasma. Nimodipine was used as the internal standard. Following extraction by methyl tert-butyl ether, the analytes were separated on a Thermo Syncronis C18 column by a gradient elution within a runtime of 9min. The mobile phase consisted of A (methanol) and B (2mmol/L ammonium acetate in water). The detection was accomplished by using positive ion electrospray ionization in multiple reaction monitoring mode. The method was linear for all analytes over investigated range with all correlation coefficients greater than 0.998. The lower limits of quantification were 9.18ng/mL for limonin, 12.0ng/mL for dictamnine, 16.05ng/mL for obacunone and 4.59ng/mL for fraxinellone. The intra- and inter-day precision (RSD%) was within 10% and the accuracy (RE%) ranged from -12.9% to 9.7%. This rapid and sensitive method was fully validated and successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of limonin, dictamnine, obacunone and fraxinellone in the rat plasma after oral administration of Cortex Dictamni extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
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Hou Y, Cao X, Dong L, Wang L, Cheng B, Shi Q, Luo X, Bai G. Bioactivity-based liquid chromatography-coupled electrospray ionization tandem ion trap/time of flight mass spectrometry for β₂AR agonist identification in alkaloidal extract of Alstonia scholaris. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1227:203-9. [PMID: 22269170 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2011] [Revised: 12/21/2011] [Accepted: 01/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Although chromatographic fingerprinting combined with chemometrics, is a rational method for the quality control of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), chemometrics cannot fully explore the relationship between chemical information and the efficacy of the potential activity. In the present work, a cell-based β₂ adrenergic receptor (β₂AR) agonist functional evaluation model coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography was developed to screen the potential β₂AR agonist components in the alkaloidal extract of Alstonia scholaris leaves. Using a liquid chromatography with ion trap time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LCMS-IT-TOF) system, the potential bioactive compounds in the prescription were identified and deduced based on the mass spectrometric fragmentation patterns, tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) data, and relevant literature. Several new β₂AR agonists of indole alkaloids were successfully found, and their activities were confirmed through an in vivo relaxant test on guinea pig tracheal muscles. The developed method is rapid and reliable compared with conventional fingerprinting and showed high sensitivity and resolution for the identification of β₂AR agonists in TCM prescriptions. This strategy clearly demonstrates that bioactivity-integrated fingerprinting is a powerful tool not only in screening and identifying potential lead compounds and in determining the therapeutic material basis of Chinese herbal prescriptions, but also in supplying suitable chemical markers for their quality control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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Gao X, Zhao PH, Hu JF. Chemical Constituents of Plants from the Genus Dictamnus. Chem Biodivers 2011; 8:1234-44. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201000132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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