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Hatwik J, Patil HN, Limaye AM. Proliferative response of ERα-positive breast cancer cells to 10 μM enterolactone, and the associated alteration in the transcriptomic landscape. Gene 2023:147640. [PMID: 37453722 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Enterolactone (EL) is a product of gut-microbial metabolism of dietary plant lignans. Studies linking EL with breast cancer risk have bolstered investigations into its effects on the mammary epithelial cells, and the mechanisms thereof. While it binds to the estrogen receptor α; ERα, its effect on the proliferation of mammary tumor cell lines is reportedly ambivalent; depending on its concentration. The genomic correlates of EL actions also remain unexplored. Here we have elaborately studied the effect of EL on proliferation of ERα-positive, and ERα-negative cell lines. 10 µM EL significantly enhanced the growth of the ERα-positive MCF-7 or T47D breast cancer cells, but not the ERα-negative MDA-MB-231 or MDA-MB-453 cells. In MCF-7 cells, it significantly increased the expression of TFF1 mRNA, an estrogen-induced transcript. The binding of ERα to the estrogen response element within the TFF1 locus further demonstrated the pro-estrogenic effect of 10 µM EL. We further explored the genome-wide transcriptomic effect of 10 µM EL using the next generation sequencing technology (RNA-seq). Analysis of RNA-seq data obtained from vehicle (0.1% DMSO)- or 10 µM EL treated- MCF-7 cells revealed modulation of expression of diverse sets of functionally related genes, which reflected cell cycle progression. The manner in which 10 µM EL regulated the hallmark G2/M checkpoint, and estrogen-response-late genes correlated with proliferation inducing, and estrogen-like effects of EL on MCF-7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juana Hatwik
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India; Department of Health Sciences, Al-Baath University, Homs, Syria
| | - Hrishikesh Nitin Patil
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Anil Mukund Limaye
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India.
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2
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Li W, Wang R, Wang W. Exploring the causality and pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus in breast cancer based on Mendelian randomization and transcriptome data analyses. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1029884. [PMID: 36726984 PMCID: PMC9885086 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1029884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction There has been a cumulative interest in relationships between systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and cancer risk. Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide. However, the casual association and pathogenesis between SLE and breast cancer remains incompletely unknown. Methods Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was first conducted to investigate the potential causality between SLE and breast cancer. Sensitivity analyses were applied to validate the reliability of MR results. Transcriptomic data analyses based on the Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus databases were then performed to identify and construct a SLE-related gene signature (SLEscore). Results The MR analysis demonstrated that genetic predisposition to SLE was casually associated with the decreased risk of breast cancer in the East Asian cohort (odds ratios: 0.95, 95% confidence interval: 0.92-0.98, p=0.006). However, no casual associations were observed in the European population. Furthermore, sensitivity analyses proved the robustness of the present MR results. A prognostic SLEscore consisting of five SLE-related genes (RACGAP1, HMMR, TTK, TOP2A, and KIF15) could distribute patients with breast cancer into the high- and low-risk groups according to survival rates with good predictive ability (p < 0.05). Conclusion Our MR study provided evidence that genetic changes in SLE were significantly associated with the decreased risk of breast cancer in the East Asian population, while no causality was found in the European cohorts. Transcriptome data analyses indicated that the SLEscore could serve as a novel biomarker for predicting prognosis when breast cancer and SLE coexisted in patients.
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Hurvitz SA, McAndrew NP, Bardia A, Press MF, Pegram M, Crown JP, Fasching PA, Ejlertsen B, Yang EH, Glaspy JA, Slamon DJ. A careful reassessment of anthracycline use in curable breast cancer. NPJ Breast Cancer 2021; 7:134. [PMID: 34625570 PMCID: PMC8501074 DOI: 10.1038/s41523-021-00342-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been over three decades since anthracyclines took their place as the standard chemotherapy backbone for breast cancer in the curative setting. Though the efficacy of anthracycline chemotherapy is not debatable, potentially life-threatening and long-term risks accompany this class of agents, leading some to question their widespread use, especially when newer agents with improved therapeutic indices have become available. Critically assessing when to incorporate an anthracycline is made more relevant in an era where molecular classification is enabling not only the development of biologically targeted therapeutics but also is improving the ability to better select those who would benefit from cytotoxic agents. This comprehensive analysis will present the problem of overtreatment in early-stage breast cancer, review evidence supporting the use of anthracyclines in the pre-taxane era, analyze comparative trials evaluating taxanes with or without anthracyclines in biologically unselected and selected patient populations, and explore published work aimed at defining anthracycline-sensitive tumor types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Alsterlind Hurvitz
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Nicholas P. McAndrew
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Aditya Bardia
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XMassachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Michael F. Press
- grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Mark Pegram
- Stanford Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Palo Alto, CA USA
| | - John P. Crown
- grid.412751.40000 0001 0315 8143Department of Medical Oncology, St. Vincent’s University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Peter A. Fasching
- grid.411668.c0000 0000 9935 6525Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Bent Ejlertsen
- grid.4973.90000 0004 0646 7373Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eric H. Yang
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - John A. Glaspy
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Dennis J. Slamon
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA USA
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4
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Kou F, Sun H, Wu L, Li B, Zhang B, Wang X, Yang L. TOP2A Promotes Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells' Malignant Progression and Predicts Poor Prognosis in Lung Adenocarcinoma. J Cancer 2020; 11:2496-2508. [PMID: 32201520 PMCID: PMC7066024 DOI: 10.7150/jca.41415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Topoisomerase IIA (TOP2A) gene encodes DNA topoisomerase enzyme and has been reported that TOP2A is broadly expressed in many types of cancers. Our study aims to investigate the prognostic effect of TOP2A on lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and the potential molecular mechanism of TOP2A to tumorigenesis. Methods: Bioinformatical analysis, real-time PCR and Western blot were applied to explore the expression level of TOP2A. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to evaluate the effect of TOP2A on patients' prognosis. Cell proliferation, migration and invasion ability were examined by colony-formation, Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8) assay, wound healing assay and transwell invasion assay, respectively. Results: We firstly investigated differentially expressed genes in lung adenocarcinoma and normal tissues of GEO (tumor = 666, normal = 184) and TCGA (tumor = 517, normal = 59) and these data showed that TOP2A is broadly expressed in LUAD and the expression level of TOP2A is associated with poor prognosis, which indicated that TOP2A is an upregulated prognostic related gene in LUAD. Then we identified that the expression level of TOP2A was upregulated in both surgically removed lung cancer tissues and lung cancer cell lines. Knockdown of TOP2A in A549 and GLC82 cells inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Inhibition of TOP2A reduced the expression levels of CCNB1 and CCNB2, which indicated that TOP2A targeting CCNB1 and CCNB2 promotes GLC82 and A549 cells proliferation and metastasis. Conclusions: Our study revealed an important role of TOP2A in LUAD, and may provide a potential prognostic indicator and target for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Kou
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Houfang Sun
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Lei Wu
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Baihui Li
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Bailu Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuezhou Wang
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Lili Yang
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
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5
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Nagel A, Szade J, Iliszko M, Elzanowska J, Welnicka-Jaskiewicz M, Skokowski J, Stasilojc G, Bigda J, Sadej R, Zaczek A, Markiewicz A. Clinical and Biological Significance of ESR1 Gene Alteration and Estrogen Receptors Isoforms Expression in Breast Cancer Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20081881. [PMID: 30995757 PMCID: PMC6514554 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20081881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The amplification of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) encoded by the ESR1 gene has been described as having a prognostic role in breast cancer patients. However, increased dosage of the ESR1 gene (tested by real-time PCR) is also observed in ER-negative breast cancers, which might suggest the expression of alternative isoforms of ERα (other than classical ERα of 66 kDa). In the current work, we have investigated the ESR1 gene dosage in 402 primary breast cancer patients as well as the expression of ERα isoforms—ERα66 and ERα36—on mRNA and protein levels. The obtained results were correlated with clinicopathological data of the patients. Results showed that increased ESR1 gene dosage is not related to ESR1 gene amplification measured by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), but it correlates with the decreased expression of ERα66 isoform (p = 0.01). Interestingly, the short ER isoform ERα36 was expressed in samples with increased ESR1 gene dosage, suggesting that genomic aberration might influence the expression of that particular isoform. Similarly to ESR1 increased gene dosage, high ERα36 expression was linked with the decreased disease-free survival of the patients (p = 0.05), which was independent of the status of the classical ERα66 level in breast tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Nagel
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Jolanta Szade
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Mariola Iliszko
- Department of Biology and Genetics, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Julia Elzanowska
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland.
| | | | - Jaroslaw Skokowski
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland.
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics -Biobank, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland.
- Biobanking and Biomolecular Resources Research Infrastructure (BBMRI.PL), 80-210 Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Grzegorz Stasilojc
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Jacek Bigda
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Rafal Sadej
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Anna Zaczek
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Aleksandra Markiewicz
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland.
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6
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Ren L, Liu J, Gou K, Xing C. Copy number variation and high expression of DNA topoisomerase II alpha predict worse prognosis of cancer: a meta-analysis. J Cancer 2018; 9:2082-2092. [PMID: 29937926 PMCID: PMC6010676 DOI: 10.7150/jca.23681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Increasing numbers of literatures have investigated the association between TOP2A and cancer prognosis. But the results of the relationship between the two were inconclusive. The aim of this meta-analysis was to elucidate whether TOP2A could predict prognosis of cancer. Materials and Methods: A systematically searching for potentially valuable literature was conducted through electronic databases containing PubMed and Web of Science. Hazard Ratio (HR) and their 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to assess the strength of association between TOP2A and cancer prognosis. Results: Finally twenty-five studies were included in this meta-analysis. High expression of TOP2A was associated with shorter disease free survival (DFS) of cancer prognosis compared with low expression of TOP2A (HR= 1.36, 95% CI= 1.18-1.57, P<0.001). Amplification of TOP2A gene showed no significant association with overall survival (OS), disease free survival (DFS) or relapse free survival (RFS) compared with non-amplification of TOP2A (OS: HR= 0.96, 95%CI= 0.75-1.22, P= 0.735; DFS: HR= 0.93, 95%CI= 0.70-1.23, P= 0.621; RFS: HR= 0.97, 95%CI= 0.71-1.34, P= 0.867). In the subgroup of regions, TOP2A amplification was associated with longer overall survival (HR= 0.66, 95%CI= 0.46-0.96, P= 0.029) in Australia. Alteration (amplification or deletion) of TOP2A gene demonstrated shorter survival according to OS and RFS compared with those with normal TOP2A status (OS: HR= 1.37, 95%CI= 1.22-1.55, P<0.001; RFS: HR= 1.26, 95%CI= 1.12-1.41, P<0.001). Conclusion: High TOP2A expression suggested significant relationship with worse cancer prognosis. Alteration (amplification or deletion) of TOP2A gene was also significantly related to shorter survival of cancer patients. Therefore, TOP2A might be used as an indicator for poor prognosis of cancer in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Chengzhong Xing
- Department of anorectal surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University
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7
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Beberok A, Wrześniok D, Rok J, Rzepka Z, Respondek M, Buszman E. Ciprofloxacin triggers the apoptosis of human triple-negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells via the p53/Bax/Bcl-2 signaling pathway. Int J Oncol 2018. [PMID: 29532860 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluoroquinolone antibiotics induce cytotoxicity in various cancer cell lines and may therefore represent a potentially important source of novel anticancer agents. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of ciprofloxacin on the viability, redox balance, apoptosis, expression of p53, Bax and Bcl-2, cell cycle distribution and DNA fragmentation of triple-negative MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. The results of the present study demonstrated that ciprofloxacin decreases cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The half maximal inhibitory concentration values of ciprofloxacin in MDA-MB-231 cells following treatment for 24, 48 and 72 h were 0.83, 0.14 and 0.03 µmol/ml, respectively. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that ciprofloxacin altered the redox signaling pathway, as determined by intracellular glutathione depletion. The results of Annexin V/propidium iodide staining revealed that ciprofloxacin triggered the apoptosis of MDA-MB-231 cells. Furthermore, cipfloxacin treatment stimulated the loss of the mitochondrial transmembrane potential via the Bax/Bcl-2-dependent pathway, thus inducing apoptosis. Ciprofloxacin induced cell cycle arrest at the S-phase; therefore it was hypothesized that ciprofloxacin inhibits topoisomerase II. Oligonucleosomal DNA fragmentation and the elevation of p53 expression were observed in the present study, indicating that this late-apoptotic event may be mediated by the p53-dependent pathway. Therefore, the results of the current study provide important molecular data concerning the cellular cascade, which may explain the cytotoxicity induced by ciprofloxacin in human triple-negative breast cancer cells, thus providing a novel insight into the therapeutic properties of this drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Beberok
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Dorota Wrześniok
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Jakub Rok
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Rzepka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Michalina Respondek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Ewa Buszman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
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Zhou T, Wang Y, Qian D, Liang Q, Wang B. Over-expression of TOP2A as a prognostic biomarker in patients with glioma. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2018; 11:1228-1237. [PMID: 31938217 PMCID: PMC6958105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Topoisomerase (DNA) II alpha (TOP2A), an enzyme that controls and alters the topologic states of DNA during transcription, is aberrantly expressed in many cancers. However, few studies have investigated expression of TOP2A and its clinical significance in glioma. We retrieved six independent investigations from the Oncomine database and found that TOP2A is highly expressed in glioma tissues compared with corresponding normal controls. Similar results were also found in clinical specimens at the protein level. Immunohistochemical analysis indicated that TOP2A over expression was highly correlated with grade stage, KI67 positive percentage, IDH1 mutation, and age, but other clinical parameters such as sex distribution and tumor size were barely associated with high TOP2A gene expression. Meanwhile we used Prognos can to assess the prognostic value of TOP2A expression in glioma patients, and found that high expression was associated with poor prognosis of patients with glioma. Furthermore, we used the Gene-Cloud of Biotechnology Information (GCBI) bioinformatics platform predict the role of TOP2A in glioma. It was not only involved in DNA replication, chromosome condensation, and responses to DNA damage stimuli, but also promoted cancer cell mitotic cell cycle and apoptosis, and phosphatidylinositol-mediated signaling by regulating gene expression. By these approaches we demonstrate that TOP2A may be a reliable prognostic factor or therapeutic target in glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianmin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Medicine and Biotechnology of Qingdao, Department of Microbiology, Medical College of Qingdao UniversityQingdao, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdao, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Dongmeng Qian
- Key Laboratory of Medicine and Biotechnology of Qingdao, Department of Microbiology, Medical College of Qingdao UniversityQingdao, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Qing Liang
- Key Laboratory of Medicine and Biotechnology of Qingdao, Department of Microbiology, Medical College of Qingdao UniversityQingdao, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Bin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medicine and Biotechnology of Qingdao, Department of Microbiology, Medical College of Qingdao UniversityQingdao, Shandong, P. R. China
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9
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Zhou Z, Liu S, Zhang M, Zhou R, Liu J, Chang Y, Zhao Q. Overexpression of Topoisomerase 2-Alpha Confers a Poor Prognosis in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Identified by Co-Expression Analysis. Dig Dis Sci 2017; 62:2790-2800. [PMID: 28815403 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-017-4718-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the fourth most common cause of human cancer-related death in the developed countries. Its progression and prognosis are influenced by a complex network of gene interactions. AIMS The purpose of this study is to explore key genes associated with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and to predict the possible mechanisms. METHODS A weighted gene co-expression network was constructed to identify gene modules associated with the progression of PDAC. RESULTS In the significant module (R 2 = 0.30), a total of 20 network hub genes were identified, 6 of which were also hub nodes in the protein-protein interaction network of the module genes. In validation, TOP2A has a higher correlation than other hub genes. Also, in the test set (n = 118), TOP2A was more highly expressed in PDAC than normal pancreas samples (P < 0.001). What is more, gene set enrichment analysis demonstrated that eight gene sets (n = 118), "nucleotide excision repair," "P53 signaling pathway," "proteasome," "mismatch repair," "homologous recombination," "DNA replication," "cell cycle," and "base excision repair," were enriched (FDR < 0.05). In gene ontology analysis, TOP2A in the enriched set was associated with cell cycle and cell division. Furthermore, survival analysis indicated that higher expression of TOP2A resulted in the lower overall survival time as well as disease-free survival time. CONCLUSION TOP2A was identified in association with the progression and prognosis of PDAC probably by regulating cell cycle and p53 signaling pathway.
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MESH Headings
- Antigens, Neoplasm/genetics
- Antigens, Neoplasm/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/enzymology
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/genetics
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/pathology
- Cell Cycle/genetics
- Computational Biology
- DNA Topoisomerases, Type II/genetics
- DNA Topoisomerases, Type II/metabolism
- DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Databases, Genetic
- Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Gene Regulatory Networks
- Humans
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/enzymology
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/genetics
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology
- Poly-ADP-Ribose Binding Proteins
- Prognosis
- Protein Interaction Maps
- Signal Transduction
- Systems Biology
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolism
- Up-Regulation
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Chang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiu Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Qiao JH, Jiao DC, Lu ZD, Yang S, Liu ZZ. Clinical significance of topoisomerase 2A expression and gene change in operable invasive breast cancer. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:6833-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3390-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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BCL2 is an independent predictor of outcome in basal-like triple-negative breast cancers treated with adjuvant anthracycline-based chemotherapy. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:4243-52. [PMID: 25616695 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3061-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Neither targeted therapies nor predictors for chemotherapy sensitivity are available for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Our study included 187 patients with TNBC, 164 of whom were treated with anthracycline-based adjuvant chemotherapy. Eleven molecular biomarkers were analyzed. BCL2, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), MYC, TOP2A, and Ki-67 protein expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. The status of the EGFR, MYC, and TOP2A genes and chromosomes 7, 8, and 17 was assessed using fluorescence in situ hybridization. High BCL2 expression predicted poor relapse-free survival (RFS) in patients treated with anthracycline-based adjuvant chemotherapy (p = 0.035), poor breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) (p = 0.048), and a trend to poor overall survival (OS) (p = 0.085). High levels of BCL2 expression predicted poor OS in basal-like (BL) TNBC patients treated with adjuvant anthracycline-based regimens (log-rank p = 0.033, hazard ratio (HR) 3.04, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.04-8.91) and a trend to poor RFS (log-rank p = 0.079) and poor BCSS (log-rank p = 0.056). Multivariate analysis showed that BCL2 status, tumor size, and nodal status all had independent predictive significance for RFS (p = 0.005, p = 0.091, p = 0.003, respectively; likelihood ratio test for the whole model, p = 0.003), BCSS (p = 0.012, p = 0.077, p = 0.01, respectively; likelihood ratio test for the whole model, p = 0.016), and OS (p = 0.008, p = 0.004, p = 0.004, respectively; likelihood ratio test for the whole model, p = 0.0006). Similarly, multivariate analysis for BL TNBC showed BCL2, tumor size, and nodal status all had independent predictive significance for RFS (likelihood ratio test for the whole model, p = 0.00125), BCSS (p = 0.00035), and OS (p = 0.00063). High EGFR expression was associated with poor BCSS (p = 0.039) in patients treated with anthracycline-based adjuvant chemotherapy. Patients who underwent anthracycline-based adjuvant chemotherapy and exhibited CMYC amplification had a trend to worse BCSS (p = 0.066). In conclusion, high BCL2 expression is a significant independent predictor of poor outcome in TNBC patients treated with anthracycline-based adjuvant chemotherapy, and this is the first study showing the BCL2 prediction in BL TNBC. BCL2 expression analysis could facilitate decision making on adjuvant treatment in TNBC patients.
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Markiewicz A, Wełnicka-Jaśkiewicz M, Seroczyńska B, Skokowski J, Majewska H, Szade J, Żaczek AJ. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers in lymph node metastases and primary breast tumors - relation to dissemination and proliferation. Am J Transl Res 2014; 6:793-808. [PMID: 25628790 PMCID: PMC4297347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was shown to enhance metastatic abilities of cancer cells, but it remains elusive in clinical samples. Moreover, EMT is rarely studied in lymph node metastases (LNM), thus limiting our understanding of its role outside of the primary tumors (PT). We collected a set of samples including triplets - PT, circulating tumor cells (CTCs)-enriched blood samples and LNM from 108 early breast cancer patients. With immunohistochemistry we analyzed levels of EMT effectors - E-cadherin, vimentin and N-cadherin in LNM, central areas and margins of PT. Additionally, expression of EMT core regulators TWIST1, SNAI1, SNAI2 was measured with RT-qPCR. Patients with E-cadherin loss had CTCs in 45% of the cases in comparison to 23% with normal E-cadherin level (P = 0.05). Mesenchymal phenotype of CTCs-enriched blood fractions was five-times more frequent in patients with E-cadherin loss in PT compared to PT with normal E-cadherin levels (P = 0.01). Epithelial/mesenchymal status of matched samples at different stages of dissemination was frequently discordant, especially for pairs involving CTCs, indicating high plasticity of tumor cells. LNM showed increased expression of TWIST1, SNAI1, SNAI2 accompanied by decreased Ki67 labeling index, with median Ki67 of 15% in PT and 10% in LNM (P = 0.0002). Our findings demonstrate that E-cadherin loss, not only in PT margin, might lead to seeding of especially malignant CTCs with mesenchymal phenotype. In comparison to PT, cells in LNM re-express E-cadherin, upregulate EMT transcription factors and reduce cell division rate, which could be viewed as their long-term survival strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Markiewicz
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk and Medical University of GdańskDębinki 1 St, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland
- Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of WarsawŻwirki i Wigury 61 St, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Barbara Seroczyńska
- Bank of Frozen Tissues and Genetic Specimens, Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of GdańskDębinki 7 St, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jarosław Skokowski
- Bank of Frozen Tissues and Genetic Specimens, Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of GdańskDębinki 7 St, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Medical University of GdańskM. Smoluchowskiego 17 St, 80-214 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Hanna Majewska
- Department of Pathomorphology, Medical University of GdańskM. Smoluchowskiego 17 St, 80-214 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jolanta Szade
- Department of Pathomorphology, Medical University of GdańskM. Smoluchowskiego 17 St, 80-214 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Anna J Żaczek
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk and Medical University of GdańskDębinki 1 St, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland
- Innovation Synergy FoundationDragana 20/6, 80-807 Gdańsk, Poland
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Kotoula V, Bobos M, Alexopoulou Z, Papadimitriou C, Papadopoulou K, Charalambous E, Tsolaki E, Xepapadakis G, Nicolaou I, Papaspirou I, Aravantinos G, Christodoulou C, Efstratiou I, Gogas H, Fountzilas G. Adjusting breast cancer patient prognosis with non-HER2-gene patterns on chromosome 17. PLoS One 2014; 9:e103707. [PMID: 25098819 PMCID: PMC4123879 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background HER2 and TOP2A gene status are assessed for diagnostic and research purposes in breast cancer with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). However, FISH probes do not target only the annotated gene, while chromosome 17 (chr17) is among the most unstable chromosomes in breast cancer. Here we asked whether the status of specifically targeted genes on chr17 might help in refining prognosis of early high-risk breast cancer patients. Methods Copy numbers (CN) for 14 genes on chr17, 4 of which were within and 10 outside the core HER2 amplicon (HER2- and non-HER2-genes, respectively) were assessed with qPCR in 485 paraffin-embedded tumor tissue samples from breast cancer patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy in the frame of two randomized phase III trials. Principal Findings HER2-genes CN strongly correlated to each other (Spearman’s rho >0.6) and were concordant with FISH HER2 status (Kappa 0.6697 for ERBB2 CN). TOP2A CN were not concordant with TOP2A FISH status (Kappa 0.1154). CN hierarchical clustering revealed distinct patterns of gains, losses and complex alterations in HER2- and non-HER2-genes associated with IHC4 breast cancer subtypes. Upon multivariate analysis, non-HER2-gene gains independently predicted for shorter disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with triple-negative cancer, as compared to luminal and HER2-positive tumors (interaction p = 0.007 for DFS and p = 0.011 for OS). Similarly, non-HER2-gene gains were associated with worse prognosis in patients who had undergone breast-conserving surgery as compared to modified radical mastectomy (p = 0.004 for both DFS and OS). Non-HER2-gene losses were unfavorable prognosticators in patients with 1–3 metastatic nodes, as compared to those with 4 or more nodes (p = 0.017 for DFS and p = 0.001 for OS). Conclusions TOP2A FISH and qPCR may not identify the same pathology on chr17q. Non-HER2 chr17 CN patterns may further predict outcome in breast cancer patients with known favorable and unfavorable prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassiliki Kotoula
- Department of Pathology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki School of Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Hellenic Foundation for Cancer Research, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki School of Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece
- * E-mail:
| | - Mattheos Bobos
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Hellenic Foundation for Cancer Research, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki School of Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Zoi Alexopoulou
- Department of Biostatistics, Health Data Specialists Ltd, Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Papadimitriou
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, “Alexandra” Hospital, University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Kyriaki Papadopoulou
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Hellenic Foundation for Cancer Research, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki School of Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Elpida Charalambous
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Hellenic Foundation for Cancer Research, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki School of Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleftheria Tsolaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Hellenic Foundation for Cancer Research, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki School of Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Irene Nicolaou
- Department of Histopathology, “Agii Anagriri” Cancer Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Gerasimos Aravantinos
- Second Department of Medical Oncology, “Agii Anargiri” Cancer Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - Helen Gogas
- First Department of Medicine, “Laiko” General Hospital, University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - George Fountzilas
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Hellenic Foundation for Cancer Research, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki School of Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Department of Medical Oncology, “Papageorgiou” Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki School of Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece
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14
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Markiewicz A, Książkiewicz M, Wełnicka-Jaśkiewicz M, Seroczyńska B, Skokowski J, Szade J, Żaczek AJ. Mesenchymal phenotype of CTC-enriched blood fraction and lymph node metastasis formation potential. PLoS One 2014; 9:e93901. [PMID: 24709997 PMCID: PMC3977989 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) that present mesenchymal phenotypes can escape standard methods of isolation, thus limiting possibilities for their characterization. Whereas mesenchymal CTCs are considered to be more malignant than epithelial CTCs, factors responsible for this aggressiveness have not been thoroughly defined. This study analyzed the molecular profile related to metastasis formation potential of CTC-enriched blood fractions obtained by marker unbiased isolation from breast cancer patients without (N−) and with lymph nodes metastases (N+). Materials and Methods Blood samples drawn from 117 patients with early-stage breast cancer were enriched for CTCs using density gradient centrifugation and negative selection with anti-CD45 covered magnetic particles. In the resulting CTC-enriched blood fractions, expression of CK19, MGB1, VIM, TWIST1, SNAIL, SLUG, HER2, CXCR4 and uPAR was analyzed with qPCR. Results were correlated with patients' clinicopathological data. Results CTCs (defined as expression of either CK19, MGB1 or HER2) were detected in 41% (20/49) of N− and 69% (34/49) of N+ patients (P = 0.004). CTC-enriched blood fractions of N+ patients were more frequently VIM (P = 0.02), SNAIL (P = 0.059) and uPAR-positive (P = 0.03). Positive VIM, CXCR4 and uPAR status correlated with >3 lymph nodes involved (P = 0.003, P = 0.01 and P = 0.045, respectively). In the multivariate logistic regression MGB1 and VIM-positivity were independently related to lymph node involvement with corresponding overall risk of 3.2 and 4.2. Moreover, mesenchymal CTC-enriched blood fractions (CK19−/VIM+ and MGB1+ or HER2+) had 4.88 and 7.85-times elevated expression of CXCR4 and uPAR, respectively, compared with epithelial CTC-enriched blood fractions (CK19+/VIM− and MGB1+ or HER2+). Conclusions Tumors of N+ patients have superior CTC-seeding and metastatic potential compared with N- patients. These differences can be attributed to VIM, uPAR and CXCR4 expression, which endow tumor cells with particularly malignant phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Markiewicz
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk and Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
- Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Książkiewicz
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk and Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | | | - Barbara Seroczyńska
- Bank of Frozen Tissues and Genetic Specimens, Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jarosław Skokowski
- Bank of Frozen Tissues and Genetic Specimens, Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jolanta Szade
- Department of Pathomorphology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Anna J. Żaczek
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk and Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
- * E-mail:
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García-Caballero T, Prieto O, Vázquez-Boquete Á, Gude F, Viaño P, Otero M, Curiel T, Fernández-Rodríguez B, Parrado C, Fraga M, Antúnez JR. Dual-colour CISH is a reliable alternative to FISH for assessment of topoisomerase 2-alpha amplification in breast carcinomas. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2013; 143:81-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s10549-013-2791-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2013] [Accepted: 11/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Heterogeneity of mesenchymal markers expression-molecular profiles of cancer cells disseminated by lymphatic and hematogenous routes in breast cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2013; 5:1485-503. [PMID: 24217115 PMCID: PMC3875950 DOI: 10.3390/cancers5041485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Revised: 10/07/2013] [Accepted: 11/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancers can metastasize via hematogenous and lymphatic routes, however in some patients only one type of metastases are detected, suggesting a certain proclivity in metastatic patterns. Since epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays an important role in cancer dissemination it would be worthwhile to find if a specific profile of EMT gene expression exists that is related to either lymphatic or hematogenous dissemination. Our study aimed at evaluating gene expression profile of EMT-related markers in primary tumors (PT) and correlated them with the pattern of metastatic spread. From 99 early breast cancer patients peripheral blood samples (N = 99), matched PT (N = 47) and lymph node metastases (LNM; N = 22) were collected. Expression of TWIST1, SNAI1, SNAI2 and VIM was analyzed in those samples. Additionally expression of CK19, MGB1 and HER2 was measured in CTCs-enriched blood fractions (CTCs-EBF). Results were correlated with each other and with clinico-pathological data of the patients. Results show that the mesenchymal phenotype of CTCs-EBF correlated with poor clinico-pathological characteristics of the patients. Additionally, PT shared more similarities with LNM than with CTCs-EBF. Nevertheless, LNM showed increased expression of EMT-related markers than PT; and EMT itself in PT did not seem to be necessary for lymphatic dissemination.
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Concurrent inhibition of enzymatic activity and NF-Y-mediated transcription of Topoisomerase-IIα by bis-DemethoxyCurcumin in cancer cells. Cell Death Dis 2013; 4:e756. [PMID: 23928695 PMCID: PMC3763449 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Revised: 07/03/2013] [Accepted: 07/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Topoisomerases-IIα (TOP2A) enzyme is essential for cell viability due to its fundamental role in DNA metabolism and in chromatin organization during interphase and mitosis. TOP2A expression is finely regulated at the transcriptional level through the binding of the CCAAT-transcription factor NF-Y to its promoter. Overexpression and/or amplification of TOP2A have been observed in many types of cancers. For this reason, TOP2A is the target of the most widely successful drugs in cancer chemotherapy, such as TOP2A poisons, which stabilize TOP2A-DNA cleavage complexes and create DSBs, leading to chromosome damage and cell death. We previously reported that the Curcumin-derivative bis-DemethoxyCurcumin (bDMC) is an anti-proliferative agent that inhibits cell growth by concomitant G1/S and G2/M arrest. Here we showed that bDMC irreversibly induces DSBs in cancer cells, but not in normal cells, by targeting TOP2A activity and expression. TOP2A ablation by siRNA corroborates its contribution to apoptosis induced by bDMC. Short-term exposure to bDMC induces retention of TOP2A-DNA intermediates, while longer exposure inhibits TOP2A transcription by affecting expression and sub-cellular localization of NF-Y subunits. ChIP analysis highlighted reduced recruitment of NF-Y to TOP2A regulatory regions, concomitantly to histone deacetylation and decreased gene transcription. Our findings suggest that the dual activity of bDMC on TOP2A represents a novel therapeutic strategy to induce persistent apoptosis in cancer cells and identify NF-Y regulation as a promising approach in anti-cancer therapy.
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The HER2 amplicon in breast cancer: Topoisomerase IIA and beyond. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2013; 1836:146-57. [PMID: 23628726 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2013.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Revised: 04/17/2013] [Accepted: 04/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
HER2 gene amplification is observed in about 15% of breast cancers. The subgroup of HER2-positive breast cancers appears to be heterogeneous and presents complex patterns of gene amplification at the locus on chromosome 17q12-21. The molecular variations within the chromosome 17q amplicon and their clinical implications remain largely unknown. Besides the well-known TOP2A gene encoding Topoisomerase IIA, other genes might also be amplified and could play functional roles in breast cancer development and progression. This review will focus on the current knowledge concerning the HER2 amplicon heterogeneity, its clinical and biological impact and the pitfalls associated with the evaluation of gene amplifications at this locus, with particular attention to TOP2A and the link between TOP2A and anthracycline benefit. In addition it will discuss the clinical and biological implications of the amplification of ten other genes at this locus (MED1, STARD3, GRB7, THRA, RARA, IGFPB4, CCR7, KRT20, KRT19 and GAST) in breast cancer.
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