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Zhou Q, Tao C, Yuan J, Pan F, Wang R. Knowledge mapping of AURKA in Oncology:An advanced Bibliometric analysis (1998-2023). Heliyon 2024; 10:e31945. [PMID: 38912486 PMCID: PMC11190563 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
AURKA, also known as Aurora kinase A, is a key molecule involved in the occurrence and progression of cancer. It plays crucial roles in various cellular processes, including cell cycle regulation, mitosis, and chromosome segregation. Dysregulation of AURKA has been implicated in tumorigenesis, promoting cell proliferation, genomic instability, and resistance to apoptosis. In this study, we conducted an extensive bibliometric analysis of research focusing on Aurora-A in the context of cancer by utilizing the Web of Science literature database. Various sophisticated computational tools, such as VOSviewer, Citespace, Biblioshiny R, and Cytoscape, were employed for comprehensive literature analysis and big data mining from January 1998 to September 2023.The primary objectives of our study were multi-fold. Firstly, we aimed to explore the chronological development of AURKA research, uncovering the evolution of scientific understanding over time. Secondly, we investigated shifting trends in research topics, elucidating areas of increasing interest and emerging frontiers. Thirdly, we delved into intricate signaling pathways and protein interaction networks associated with AURKA, providing insights into its complex molecular mechanisms. To further enhance the value of our bibliometric analysis, we conducted a meta-analysis on the prognostic value of AURKA in terms of patient survival. The results were visually presented, offering a comprehensive overview and future perspectives on Aurora-A research in the field of oncology. This study not only contributes to the existing body of knowledge but also provides valuable guidance for researchers, clinicians, and pharmaceutical professionals. By harnessing the power of bibliometrics, our findings offer a deeper understanding of the role of AURKA in cancer and pave the way for innovative research directions and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210093, PR China
| | - Chunyu Tao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210093, PR China
| | - Jiakai Yuan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210093, PR China
| | - Fan Pan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210093, PR China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210093, PR China
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2
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Carceles-Cordon M, Orme JJ, Domingo-Domenech J, Rodriguez-Bravo V. The yin and yang of chromosomal instability in prostate cancer. Nat Rev Urol 2024; 21:357-372. [PMID: 38307951 PMCID: PMC11156566 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-023-00845-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Metastatic prostate cancer remains an incurable lethal disease. Studies indicate that prostate cancer accumulates genomic changes during disease progression and displays the highest levels of chromosomal instability (CIN) across all types of metastatic tumours. CIN, which refers to ongoing chromosomal DNA gain or loss during mitosis, and derived aneuploidy, are known to be associated with increased tumour heterogeneity, metastasis and therapy resistance in many tumour types. Paradoxically, high CIN levels are also proposed to be detrimental to tumour cell survival, suggesting that cancer cells must develop adaptive mechanisms to ensure their survival. In the context of prostate cancer, studies indicate that CIN has a key role in disease progression and might also offer a therapeutic vulnerability that can be pharmacologically targeted. Thus, a comprehensive evaluation of the causes and consequences of CIN in prostate cancer, its contribution to aggressive advanced disease and a better understanding of the acquired CIN tolerance mechanisms can translate into new tumour classifications, biomarker development and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jacob J Orme
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Josep Domingo-Domenech
- Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Veronica Rodriguez-Bravo
- Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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3
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Oh JH, Power EA, Zhang W, Daniels DJ, Elmquist WF. Murine Central Nervous System and Bone Marrow Distribution of the Aurora A Kinase Inhibitor Alisertib: Pharmacokinetics and Exposure at the Sites of Efficacy and Toxicity. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2022; 383:44-55. [PMID: 36279392 PMCID: PMC9513880 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.122.001268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Important challenges in developing drugs that target central nervous system (CNS) tumors include overcoming barriers for CNS delivery and reducing systemic side effects. Alisertib, an aurora A kinase inhibitor, has been examined for treatment of several CNS tumors in preclinical and clinical studies. In this study, we investigated the distribution of alisertib into the CNS, the site of efficacy for brain tumors, and into the bone marrow, the site of dose-limiting toxicity leading to myelosuppression. Mechanisms influencing site-specific distribution, such as active transport mediated by the efflux proteins, p-glycoprotein (P-gp) and breast cancer resistance protein (Bcrp), were examined. Alisertib exposure to the brain in wild-type mice was less than 1% of that in the plasma, and was evenly distributed throughout various brain regions and the spinal cord. Studies using transporter knockout mice and pharmacological inhibition show that alisertib CNS distribution is influenced by P-gp, but not Bcrp. Conversely, upon systemic administration, alisertib distribution to the bone marrow occurred rapidly, was not significantly limited by efflux transporters, and reached higher concentrations than in the CNS. This study demonstrates that, given an equivalent distributional driving force exposure in plasma, the exposure of alisertib in the brain is significantly less than that in the bone marrow, suggesting that targeted delivery may be necessary to guarantee therapeutic efficacy with minimal risk for adverse events.Therefore, these data suggest that, to improve the therapeutic index when using alisertib for brain tumors, a localized regional delivery, such as convection-enhanced delivery, may be warranted. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The CNS penetration of alisertib is limited with uniform distribution in various regions of the brain, and P-gp efflux is an important mechanism limiting that CNS distribution. Alisertib rapidly distributes into the bone marrow, a site of toxicity, with a greater exposure than in the CNS, a possible site of efficacy. These results suggest a need to design localized delivery strategies to improve the CNS exposure of alisertib and limit systemic toxicities in the treatment of brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Hee Oh
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (J-H.O., W.Z., W.F.E.); Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (E.A.P., D.J.D.); and Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (E.A.P.)
| | - Erica A Power
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (J-H.O., W.Z., W.F.E.); Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (E.A.P., D.J.D.); and Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (E.A.P.)
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (J-H.O., W.Z., W.F.E.); Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (E.A.P., D.J.D.); and Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (E.A.P.)
| | - David J Daniels
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (J-H.O., W.Z., W.F.E.); Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (E.A.P., D.J.D.); and Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (E.A.P.)
| | - William F Elmquist
- Brain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (J-H.O., W.Z., W.F.E.); Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (E.A.P., D.J.D.); and Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (E.A.P.)
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4
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Developing New Treatment Options for Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer and Recurrent Disease. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10081872. [PMID: 36009418 PMCID: PMC9405166 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10081872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a major diagnosed cancer among men globally, and about 20% of patients develop metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa) in the initial diagnosis. PCa is a typical androgen-dependent disease; thus, hormonal therapy is commonly used as a standard care for mPCa by inhibiting androgen receptor (AR) activities, or androgen metabolism. Inevitably, almost all PCa will acquire resistance and become castration-resistant PCa (CRPC) that is associated with AR gene mutations or amplification, the presence of AR variants, loss of AR expression toward neuroendocrine phenotype, or other hormonal receptors. Treating CRPC poses a great challenge to clinicians. Research efforts in the last decade have come up with several new anti-androgen agents to prolong overall survival of CRPC patients. In addition, many potential targeting agents have been at the stage of being able to translate many preclinical discoveries into clinical practices. At this juncture, it is important to highlight the emerging strategies including small-molecule inhibitors to AR variants, DNA repair enzymes, cell survival pathway, neuroendocrine differentiation pathway, radiotherapy, CRPC-specific theranostics and immune therapy that are underway or have recently been completed.
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Zhong S, Peng S, Chen Z, Chen Z, Luo JL. Choosing Kinase Inhibitors for Androgen Deprivation Therapy-Resistant Prostate Cancer. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:498. [PMID: 35335873 PMCID: PMC8950316 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14030498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is a systemic therapy for advanced prostate cancer (PCa). Although most patients initially respond to ADT, almost all cancers eventually develop castration resistance. Castration-resistant PCa (CRPC) is associated with a very poor prognosis, and the treatment of which is a serious clinical challenge. Accumulating evidence suggests that abnormal expression and activation of various kinases are associated with the emergence and maintenance of CRPC. Many efforts have been made to develop small molecule inhibitors to target the key kinases in CRPC. These inhibitors are designed to suppress the kinase activity or interrupt kinase-mediated signal pathways that are associated with PCa androgen-independent (AI) growth and CRPC development. In this review, we briefly summarize the roles of the kinases that are abnormally expressed and/or activated in CRPC and the recent advances in the development of small molecule inhibitors that target kinases for the treatment of CRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangwei Zhong
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan 410008, China; (S.Z.); (S.P.); (Z.C.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33459, USA
| | - Shoujiao Peng
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan 410008, China; (S.Z.); (S.P.); (Z.C.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33459, USA
| | - Zihua Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan 410008, China; (S.Z.); (S.P.); (Z.C.)
| | - Zhikang Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan 410008, China; (S.Z.); (S.P.); (Z.C.)
| | - Jun-Li Luo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33459, USA
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Bacolod MD, Barany F. A Unified Transcriptional, Pharmacogenomic, and Gene Dependency Approach to Decipher the Biology, Diagnostic Markers, and Therapeutic Targets Associated with Prostate Cancer Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13205158. [PMID: 34680307 PMCID: PMC8534121 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13205158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary This manuscript demonstrates how integrated bioinformatic and statistical reanalysis of publicly available genomic datasets can be utilized to identify molecular pathways and biomarkers that may be clinically relevant to metastatic prostate cancer (mPrCa) progression. The most notable observation is that the transition from primary prostate cancer to mPrCa is characterized by upregulation of processes associated with DNA replication, metastasis, and events regulated by the serine/threonine kinase PLK1. Moreover, our analysis also identified over-expressed genes that may be exploited for potential targeted therapeutics and minimally invasive diagnostics and monitoring of mPrCa. The primary data analyzed were two transcriptional datasets for tissues derived from normal prostate, primary prostate cancer, and mPrCa. Also incorporated in the analysis were the transcriptional, gene dependency, and drug response data for hundreds of cell lines, including those derived from prostate cancer tissues. Abstract Our understanding of metastatic prostate cancer (mPrCa) has dramatically advanced during the genomics era. Nonetheless, many aspects of the disease may still be uncovered through reanalysis of public datasets. We integrated the expression datasets for 209 PrCa tissues (metastasis, primary, normal) with expression, gene dependency (GD) (from CRISPR/cas9 screen), and drug viability data for hundreds of cancer lines (including PrCa). Comparative statistical and pathways analyses and functional annotations (available inhibitors, protein localization) revealed relevant pathways and potential (and previously reported) protein markers for minimally invasive mPrCa diagnostics. The transition from localized to mPrCa involved the upregulation of DNA replication, mitosis, and PLK1-mediated events. Genes highly upregulated in mPrCa and with very high average GD (~1) are potential therapeutic targets. We showed that fostamatinib (which can target PLK1 and other over-expressed serine/threonine kinases such as AURKA, MELK, NEK2, and TTK) is more active against cancer lines with more pronounced signatures of invasion (e.g., extracellular matrix organization/degradation). Furthermore, we identified surface-bound (e.g., ADAM15, CD276, ABCC5, CD36, NRP1, SCARB1) and likely secreted proteins (e.g., APLN, ANGPT2, CTHRC1, ADAM12) that are potential mPrCa diagnostic markers. Overall, we demonstrated that comprehensive analyses of public genomics data could reveal potentially clinically relevant information regarding mPrCa.
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7
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Serrano-Del Valle A, Reina-Ortiz C, Benedi A, Anel A, Naval J, Marzo I. Future prospects for mitosis-targeted antitumor therapies. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 190:114655. [PMID: 34129859 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulation of cell cycle progression is a hallmark of cancer cells. In recent years, efforts have been devoted to the development of new therapies that target proteins involved in cell cycle regulation and mitosis. Novel targeted antimitotic drugs include inhibitors of aurora kinase family, polo-like kinase 1, Mps1, Eg5, CENP-5 and the APC/cyclosome complex. While certain new inhibitors reached the clinical trial stage, most were discontinued due to negative results. However, these therapies should not be readily dismissed. Based on recent advances concerning their mechanisms of action, new strategies could be devised to increase their efficacy and promote further clinical trials. Here we discuss three main lines of action to empower these therapeutic approaches: increasing cell death signals during mitotic arrest, targeting senescent cells and facilitating antitumor immune response through immunogenic cell death (ICD).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chantal Reina-Ortiz
- Dept. Biochemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Zaragoza and IIS Aragón, Spain
| | - Andrea Benedi
- Dept. Biochemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Zaragoza and IIS Aragón, Spain
| | - Alberto Anel
- Dept. Biochemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Zaragoza and IIS Aragón, Spain
| | - Javier Naval
- Dept. Biochemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Zaragoza and IIS Aragón, Spain
| | - Isabel Marzo
- Dept. Biochemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Zaragoza and IIS Aragón, Spain.
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8
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Pisano C, Tucci M, Di Stefano RF, Turco F, Scagliotti GV, Di Maio M, Buttigliero C. Interactions between androgen receptor signaling and other molecular pathways in prostate cancer progression: Current and future clinical implications. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2020; 157:103185. [PMID: 33341506 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2020.103185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In last years several improvements have been made in the management of prostate cancer (PCa). Androgen receptor (AR) is considered the main driver in PCa growth and progression and most drugs are directed against AR pathway. Once PCa spreads outside the prostate, androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) represents the cornerstone of treatment in hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (HSPC). Unfortunately, the response is only transient and most patients eventually develop castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Most resistance mechanisms depend on maintenance of AR signalling in castration environment. Recent discoveries of multiple growth-promoting and survival pathways in PCa suggest the importance of alternative mechanisms involved in disease progression, such as DNA damage response pathway, PTEN/PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, cell cycle pathway, WNT pathway, TMPRSS2/ETS fusion, neuroendocrine pattern and immune system response. In this review, we discuss the interplay between AR signaling and other molecular pathways involved in PCa pathogenesis and their therapeutic implication in advanced disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Pisano
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, at Division of Medical Oncology, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Turin, Italy
| | - Marcello Tucci
- Medical Oncology, Cardinal Massaia Hospital, Corso Dante Alighieri 202, 14100, Asti, Italy.
| | - Rosario Francesco Di Stefano
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, at Division of Medical Oncology, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Turin, Italy
| | - Fabio Turco
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, at Division of Medical Oncology, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Turin, Italy
| | - Giorgio Vittorio Scagliotti
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, at Division of Medical Oncology, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Turin, Italy
| | - Massimo Di Maio
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, at Division of Medical Oncology, Ordine Mauriziano Hospital, Via Magellano 1, 10028, Turin, Italy
| | - Consuelo Buttigliero
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, at Division of Medical Oncology, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Turin, Italy
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9
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Lin X, Xiang X, Hao L, Wang T, Lai Y, Abudoureyimu M, Zhou H, Feng B, Chu X, Wang R. The role of Aurora-A in human cancers and future therapeutics. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:2705-2729. [PMID: 33042612 PMCID: PMC7539775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Aurora-A is a mitotic serine/threonine-protein kinase and an oncogene. In normal cells, Aurora-A appears from G2 phase and localizes at the centrosome, where it participates in centrosome replication, isolation and maturation. Aurora-A also maintains Golgi apparatus structure and spindle assembly. Aurora-A undergoes ubiquitination-mediated degradation after the cell division phase. Aurora-A is abnormally expressed in tumor cells and promotes cell proliferation by regulating mitotic substrates, such as PP1, PLK1, TPX2, and LAST2, and affects other molecules through a non-mitotic pathway to promote cell invasion and metastasis. Some molecules in tumor cells also indirectly act on Aurora-A to regulate tumor cells. Aurora-A also mediates resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy and is involved in tumor immunotherapy. Clinical trials of Aurora-A molecular inhibitors are currently underway, and clinical transformation is just around the corner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinrong Lin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Xiaosong Xiang
- Affiliated Jinling Hospital Research Institution of General Surgery, Medical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Liping Hao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Yongting Lai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Mubalake Abudoureyimu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Bing Feng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjing, China
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10
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Shore ND, Morgans AK, Ryan CJ. Resetting the Bar of Castration Resistance - Understanding Androgen Dynamics in Therapy Resistance and Treatment Choice in Prostate Cancer. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2020; 19:199-207. [PMID: 33129718 DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2020.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
This review discusses impact of advancements in biologic understanding of prostate cancer (PCa) on definition and diagnosis of castration-resistant PCa (CRPC), predictive factors for progression to CRPC and treatment strategies. More sensitive assays confirm that bilateral orchiectomy reduces serum testosterone (T) closer to < 20 ng/dL than < 50 ng/dL, and evidence suggests that achieving T < 20 ng/dL improves outcomes and delays CRPC emergence. Regular T assessments will evaluate whether T is adequately suppressed in the setting of potential progression to CRPC, given that late dosing may result in T escape. More advanced imaging modalities and biomarker assays allow earlier detection of disease progression. Predictive factors for progression to CRPC include Gleason grade, extent of metastatic spread, germline hereditary factors such as gene mutations affecting androgen receptor amplification or DNA repair deficiency mutations, prostate-specific antigen kinetics, and biomarker analyses. Treatment options for CRPC have expanded beyond androgen deprivation therapy to include therapies that suppress T or inhibit its activity through varying mechanisms. Future directions include therapies with novel biological targets, drug combinations and personalized treatments. Advanced PCa management aims to delay progression to CRPC and prolong survival. With redefinition of castration and advancements in understanding of the biology of disease progression, diagnosis and treatment strategies should be re-evaluated. Definition of CRPC could be updated to reflect the T < 20 ng/dL requirement as this is a 'true' castrate level and may improve outcomes. It is important that androgen deprivation therapy as foundational therapy is continued even as new CRPC therapies are introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alicia K Morgans
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Charles J Ryan
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN
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11
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Ding X, Huang T, Peng C, Ahn KS, Andersen JB, Lewinska M, Cao Y, Xu G, Chen G, Kong B, Friess H, Shen S, Roberts LR, Wang L, Zou X. Therapeutic Rationale to Target Highly Expressed Aurora kinase A Conferring Poor Prognosis in Cholangiocarcinoma. J Cancer 2020; 11:2241-2251. [PMID: 32127951 PMCID: PMC7052919 DOI: 10.7150/jca.31989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cholangiocarcinoma is a highly lethal neoplasm for which the currently available chemotherapeutic agents are suboptimal. Numerous studies show that alterations in expression of genes related to mitotic spindle and mitotic checkpoint are involved in chromosomal instability and tumor progression in various malignancies. This study aimed to evaluate these genes in cholangiocarcinoma patients. Material and methods: Different public datasets were analyzed to examine the expression of 76 selected mitotic spindle checkpoint genes including Aurora Kinase A (AURKA) in cholangiocarcinoma. Afterwards, cell number counting, CCK-8 assay, and Caspase 3/7 assay were used to explore the antitumor effect of AURKA inhibitor Alisertib in vitro. In addition, xenograft model was used to evaluate the antitumor effect of Alisertib in vivo. Furthermore, siRNA mediated silencing of AURKA was used to verify the function of AURKA in cholangiocarcinoma. Results: Components of the mitotic spindle checkpoint, including AURKA, were broadly dysregulated in human cholangiocarcinoma. High AURKA mRNA expression was associated with poor survival in cholangiocarcinoma patients within different datasets. AURKA specific inhibitor Alisertib, inhibited cell growth, induced cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase, and promoted apoptosis in cholangiocarcinoma cell lines. Additionally, Alisertib also inhibited tumor growth in a cholangiocarcinoma xenograft mouse model. Furthermore, AURKA knockdown by siRNA recapitulated the antitumor effect of Alisertib. AURKA expression was also highly correlated with its interaction proteins Polo-like kinase 1(PLK1) and Targeting protein for xenopus kinesin-like protein2 (TPX2) in different cholangiocarcinoma datasets. Conclusions: Highly expressed AURKA confers poor outcomes in cholangiocarcinoma and may represent a rational therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiwei Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tianlu Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunyan Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Keun Soo Ahn
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Keimyung University Dong San Medical Center, Daegu, The republic of Korea
| | - Jesper B Andersen
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, Department of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Monika Lewinska
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, Department of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Yu Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guifang Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bo Kong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Surgery, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Helmut Friess
- Department of Surgery, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Shanshan Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lewis R Roberts
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Rochester, MN, US
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoping Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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12
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Silencing of AURKA augments the antitumor efficacy of the AURKA inhibitor MLN8237 on neuroblastoma cells. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:9. [PMID: 31920463 PMCID: PMC6947931 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-1072-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aurora kinase A (AURKA) has been implicated in the regulation of cell cycle progression, mitosis and a key number of oncogenic signaling pathways in various malignancies including neuroblastoma. Small molecule inhibitors of AURKA have shown potential, but still not as good as expected effects in clinical trials. Little is known about this underlying mechanism. Here, we evaluated the inhibitory effects of AURKA inhibitor MLN8237 on neuroblastoma cells to understand the potential mechanisms responsible for tumor therapy. Methods MLN8237 treatment on neuroblastoma cell line IMR32 was done and in vivo inhibitory effects were investigated using tumor xenograft model. Cellular senescence was evaluated by senescence-associated β-gal Staining assay. Flow cytometry was used to tested cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis. Senescence-associated signal pathways were detected by western blot. CD133 microbeads and microsphere formation were used to separate and enrich CD133+ cells. AURKA small interfering RNA transfection was carried to downregulate AURKA level. Finally, the combination of MLN8237 treatment with AURKA small interfering RNA transfection were adopted to evaluate the inhibitory effect on neuroblastoma cells. Results We demonstrate that MLN8237, an inhibitor of AURKA, induces the neuroblastoma cell line IMR32 into cellular senescence and G2/M cell phase arrest. Inactivation of AURKA results in MYCN destabilization and inhibits cell growth in vitro and in a mouse model. Although MLN8237 inhibits AURKA kinase activity, it has almost no inhibitory effect on the AURKA protein level. By contrast, MLN8237 treatment leads to abnormal high expression of AURKA in vitro and in vivo. Knockdown of AURKA reduces cell survival. The combination of MLN8237 with AURKA small interfering RNA results in more profound inhibitory effects on neuroblastoma cell growth. Moreover, MLN8237 treatment followed by AURKA siRNA forces senescent cells into apoptosis via suppression of the Akt/Stat3 pathway. Conclusions The effect of AURKA-targeted inhibition of tumor growth plays roles in both the inactivation of AURKA activity and the decrease in the AURKA protein expression level.
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13
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Clermont PL, Ci X, Pandha H, Wang Y, Crea F. Treatment-emergent neuroendocrine prostate cancer: molecularly driven clinical guidelines. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINE ONCOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.2217/ije-2019-0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
An increasingly recognized mechanism of prostate cancer resistance is the transdifferentiation from adenocarcinoma to treatment-emergent neuroendocrine prostate cancer (t-NEPC), an extremely aggressive malignancy. The incidence of t-NEPC has been increasing in recent years, in part due to novel treatments that target the androgen receptor pathway. While clinicians historically had very few options for t-NEPC detection and treatment, recent research has uncovered key diagnostic tools and therapeutic targets that can be translated into improved patient care. In this article, we will outline the clinical features of t-NEPC and its molecular pathogenesis. Importantly, we will also discuss recently uncovered molecularly based strategies aimed at improving the diagnosis and treatment of t-NEPC. Finally, we will propose a unified algorithm that integrates clinical and molecular information for the clinical management of t-NEPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pier-Luc Clermont
- Department of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, QB, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Xinpei Ci
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Urology, Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V5Z 4E6, Canada
| | - Hardev Pandha
- Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health & Medical Science, Leggett Building, Daphne Jackson Road, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7WG, UK
| | - Yuzhuo Wang
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Francesco Crea
- School of Life, Health & Chemical Sciences, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, UK
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14
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Singla N, Ghandour RA, Raj GV. Investigational luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) agonists and other hormonal agents in early stage clinical trials for prostate cancer. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2019; 28:249-259. [PMID: 30649971 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2019.1570130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The treatment and management of prostate cancer continues to evolve; newer classes of agents and combination therapies are being developed and some are being investigated in early phase clinical trials. AREAS COVERED We discuss investigational hormonal agents for the treatment of prostate cancer and focus primarily on luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) agonists in early stage trials. We look at agents that target the hormonal axis, including anti-androgens, gonadotropins, estrogenic agents and progestogenic agents and other non-hormonal agents often used in combination with LHRH agonists. We review these candidates in the specific clinical niche in which they might find utility. EXPERT OPINION Of all candidate compounds being evaluated in clinical trials, very few will receive FDA approval. Few, if any of the investigational agents discussed here will be used routinely in clinical practice for treating prostate cancer. Recognizing the reasons for the failure of agents to advance to later stage trials is important. Furthermore, a thorough understanding of the mechanisms underlying prostate cancer pathogenesis, including various points in the HGPA and parallel pathways, will help identify potentially actionable targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirmish Singla
- a Department of Urology , University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas , TX , USA
| | - Rashed A Ghandour
- a Department of Urology , University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas , TX , USA
| | - Ganesh V Raj
- a Department of Urology , University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas , TX , USA
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15
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Liu X, Chen Y, Li Y, Petersen RB, Huang K. Targeting mitosis exit: A brake for cancer cell proliferation. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2019; 1871:179-191. [PMID: 30611728 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The transition from mitosis to interphase, referred to as mitotic exit, is a critical mitotic process which involves activation and inactivation of multiple mitotic kinases and counteracting protein phosphatases. Loss of mitotic exit checkpoints is a common feature of cancer cells, leading to mitotic dysregulation and confers cancer cells with oncogenic characteristics, such as aberrant proliferation and microtubule-targeting agent (MTA) resistance. Since MTA resistance results from cancer cells prematurely exiting mitosis (mitotic slippage), blocking mitotic exit is believed to be a promising anticancer strategy. Moreover, based on this theory, simultaneous inhibition of mitotic exit and additional cell cycle phases would likely achieve synergistic antitumor effects. In this review, we divide the molecular regulators of mitotic exit into four categories based on their different regulatory functions: 1) the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C, a ubiquitin ligase), 2) cyclin B, 3) mitotic kinases and phosphatases, 4) kinesins and microtubule-binding proteins. We also review the regulators of mitotic exit and propose prospective anticancer strategies targeting mitotic exit, including their strengths and possible challenges to their use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinran Liu
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yuchen Chen
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yangkai Li
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Robert B Petersen
- Foundational Sciences, Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48858, USA
| | - Kun Huang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
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16
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Pathological Assessment of Prostate Cancer. Urol Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-42603-7_71-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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17
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Pathological Assessment of Prostate Cancer. Urol Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-42623-5_71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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18
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Batra A, Winquist E. Emerging cell cycle inhibitors for treating metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs 2018; 23:271-282. [PMID: 30422005 DOI: 10.1080/14728214.2018.1547707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Disease progression despite androgen suppression defines lethal castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Most of these cancers remain androgen receptor (AR)-signaling dependent. Therapy for metastatic CRPC includes abiraterone acetate, enzalutamide, docetaxel, cabazitaxel, sipuleucel-T, and radium-223. However, survival remains modest for men with progressive disease despite AR-targeted therapy and docetaxel, and therefore novel treatments are needed. Areas covered: Recent evidence of genomic heterogeneity and sensitivity to PARP inhibitors supports investigation of targeted agents in CRPC. Cell cycle inhibitors are therefore logical molecules to investigate. Review of the current literature identified cell cycle inhibitors under study in early phase clinical trials targeting the G1 (palbociclib, ribociclib, AZD-5363, ipatasertib), S (M-6620, prexasertib), G2 (adavosertib), and M (alisertib) phases of the cell cycle. Expert opinion: Strategies combining cell cycle inhibitors with active agents in CRPC are most likely to have clinical impact with CDK4/6 and Wee1 inhibitors appearing most promising. Identification of predictive biomarkers may be essential and currently trials are testing circulating cell-free DNA as an approach. Incremental toxicities such as neutropenia are important in this population. Results from most current clinical trials of cell cycle inhibitors in CRPC are still pending but it is anticipated they will provide important insights into the heterogeneous biology of CRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupam Batra
- a Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry , Western University and London Health Sciences Centre , London , ON , Canada
| | - Eric Winquist
- a Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry , Western University and London Health Sciences Centre , London , ON , Canada
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Robey RW, Pluchino KM, Hall MD, Fojo AT, Bates SE, Gottesman MM. Revisiting the role of ABC transporters in multidrug-resistant cancer. Nat Rev Cancer 2018; 18:452-464. [PMID: 29643473 PMCID: PMC6622180 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-018-0005-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1091] [Impact Index Per Article: 181.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Most patients who die of cancer have disseminated disease that has become resistant to multiple therapeutic modalities. Ample evidence suggests that the expression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, especially the multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1, also known as P-glycoprotein or P-gp), which is encoded by ABC subfamily B member 1 (ABCB1), can confer resistance to cytotoxic and targeted chemotherapy. However, the development of MDR1 as a therapeutic target has been unsuccessful. At the time of its discovery, appropriate tools for the characterization and clinical development of MDR1 as a therapeutic target were lacking. Thirty years after the initial cloning and characterization of MDR1 and the implication of two additional ABC transporters, the multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1; encoded by ABCC1)), and ABCG2, in multidrug resistance, interest in investigating these transporters as therapeutic targets has waned. However, with the emergence of new data and advanced techniques, we propose to re-evaluate whether these transporters play a clinical role in multidrug resistance. With this Opinion article, we present recent evidence indicating that it is time to revisit the investigation into the role of ABC transporters in efficient drug delivery in various cancer types and at the blood-brain barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert W Robey
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kristen M Pluchino
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Matthew D Hall
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Antonio T Fojo
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University/New York Presbyterian Hospital, Manhattan, NY, USA
- James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Susan E Bates
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University/New York Presbyterian Hospital, Manhattan, NY, USA
- James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Michael M Gottesman
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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20
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Sheahan AV, Ellis L. Epigenetic reprogramming: A key mechanism driving therapeutic resistance. Urol Oncol 2018; 36:375-379. [PMID: 29395951 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2017.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer initiation, development and progression is driven by androgen receptor (AR) signaling. Androgen deprivation therapy is the primary treatment for patients that present with locally advanced or metastatic disease. However, androgen deprivation therapy is not curative, and patients will progress to castrate-resistant disease (CRPC). Although most patient's progress to CRPC via restoration of AR signaling (CRPC-Ad), approximately a quarter of patients will progress via mechanisms independent of AR signaling. This highly lethal phenotype is termed aggressive variant prostate cancer (AVPC). Data from clinical and preclinical studies demonstrate that AVPC involves combinatorial loss-of-function mutations in key tumor suppressor genes, low to absent AR levels, and re-expression of reprogramming, stem, and neuroendocrine related gene signatures. Further, AVPC is shown to evolve from a CRPC-Ad phenotype. Overall, lineage plasticity underlying progression to AVPC is thought to be provoked by genome-wide chromatin remodeling. Here, we will discuss an emerging focus on key drivers of chromatin remodeling in AVPC, and how their identification could provide noninvasive biomarkers to predict or detect AVPC emergence, and therapeutic targets to prevent or reverse progression to AVPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali V Sheahan
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Leigh Ellis
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; The Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA.
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21
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Miyahira AK, Cheng HH, Abida W, Ellis L, Harshman LC, Spratt DE, Simons JW, Pienta KJ, Soule HR. Beyond the androgen receptor II: New approaches to understanding and treating metastatic prostate cancer; Report from the 2017 Coffey-Holden Prostate Cancer Academy Meeting. Prostate 2017; 77:1478-1488. [PMID: 28925066 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The 2017 Coffey-Holden Prostate Cancer Academy (CHPCA) Meeting, "Beyond the Androgen Receptor II: New Approaches to Understanding and Treating Metastatic Prostate Cancer," was held in Carlsbad, California from June 14-17, 2017. METHODS The CHPCA is an annual scientific conference hosted by the Prostate Cancer Foundation (PCF) that is uniquely designed to produce extensive and constructive discussions on the most urgent and impactful topics concerning research into the biology and treatment of metastatic prostate cancer. The 2017 CHPCA Meeting was the 5th meeting in this annual series and was attended by 71 investigators focused on prostate cancer and a variety of other fields including breast and ovarian cancer. RESULTS The discussions at the meeting were concentrated on topics areas including: mechanisms and therapeutic approaches for molecular subclasses of castrate resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), the epigenetic landscape of prostate cancer, the role of DNA repair gene mutations, advancing the use of germline genetics in clinical practice, radionuclides for imaging and therapy, advances in molecular imaging, and therapeutic strategies for successful use of immunotherapy in advanced prostate cancer. DISCUSSION This article reviews the presentations and discussions from the 2017 CHPCA Meeting in order to disseminate this knowledge and accelerate new biological understandings and advances in the treatment of patients with metastatic prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Heather H Cheng
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Wassim Abida
- Genitourinary Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Leigh Ellis
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lauren C Harshman
- Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Daniel E Spratt
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | - Kenneth J Pienta
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Urology, The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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22
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Ellis L. Understanding cancer lineage plasticity: reversing therapeutic resistance in metastatic prostate cancer. Pharmacogenomics 2017; 18:597-600. [PMID: 28468521 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2017-0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Leigh Ellis
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA.,Department of Pathology. Brigham & Woman's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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23
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Metabolic characterization and pathway analysis of berberine protects against prostate cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:65022-65041. [PMID: 29029409 PMCID: PMC5630309 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent explosion of biological data brings a great challenge for the traditional methods. With increasing scale of large data sets, much advanced tools are required for the depth interpretation problems. As a rapid-developing technology, metabolomics can provide a useful method to discover the pathogenesis of diseases. This study was explored the dynamic changes of metabolic profiling in cells model and Balb/C nude-mouse model of prostate cancer, to clarify the therapeutic mechanism of berberine, as a case study. Here, we report the findings of comprehensive metabolomic investigation of berberine on prostate cancer by high-throughput ultra performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry coupled with pattern recognition methods and network pathway analysis. A total of 30 metabolite biomarkers in blood and 14 metabolites in prostate cancer cell were found from large-scale biological data sets (serum and cell metabolome), respectively. We have constructed a comprehensive metabolic characterization network of berberine to protect against prostate cancer. Furthermore, the results showed that berberine could provide satisfactory effects on prostate cancer via regulating the perturbed pathway. Overall, these findings illustrated the power of the ultra performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry with the pattern recognition analysis for large-scale biological data sets may be promising to yield a valuable tool that insight into the drug action mechanisms and drug discovery as well as help guide testable predictions.
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