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Liang X, Chen R, Wang C, Wang Y, Zhang J. Targeting HSP90 for Cancer Therapy: Current Progress and Emerging Prospects. J Med Chem 2024; 67:15968-15995. [PMID: 39256986 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), a highly conserved member of the heat shock protein family, regulates various proteins and signaling pathways involved in cancer, making it a promising target for cancer therapy. Traditional HSP90 inhibitors have demonstrated significant antitumor potential in preclinical trials, with over 20 compounds advancing to clinical trials and showing promising results. However, the limited clinical efficacy and shared toxicity of these inhibitors restrict their further clinical use. Encouragingly, developing novel inhibitors using conventional medicinal chemistry approaches─such as selective inhibitors, dual inhibitors, protein-protein interaction inhibitors, and proteolysis-targeting chimeras─is expected to address these challenges. Notably, the selective inhibitor TAS-116 has already been successfully marketed. In this Perspective, we summarize the structure, biological functions, and roles of HSP90 in cancer, analyze the clinical status of HSP90 inhibitors, and highlight the latest advancements in novel strategies, offering insights into their future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinqi Liang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neuro-system and Multimorbidity and Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory and Institute of Respiratory Health and Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network and Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
| | - Ruixian Chen
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neuro-system and Multimorbidity and Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory and Institute of Respiratory Health and Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network and Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
- Breast Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
| | - Chengdi Wang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neuro-system and Multimorbidity and Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory and Institute of Respiratory Health and Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network and Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
| | - Yuxi Wang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neuro-system and Multimorbidity and Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory and Institute of Respiratory Health and Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network and Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
- Frontiers Medical Center, Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Chengdu, 610212 Sichuan, China
| | - Jifa Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neuro-system and Multimorbidity and Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory and Institute of Respiratory Health and Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network and Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan, China
- Frontiers Medical Center, Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Chengdu, 610212 Sichuan, China
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Rastogi S, Joshi A, Sato N, Lee S, Lee MJ, Trepel JB, Neckers L. An update on the status of HSP90 inhibitors in cancer clinical trials. Cell Stress Chaperones 2024; 29:519-539. [PMID: 38878853 PMCID: PMC11260857 DOI: 10.1016/j.cstres.2024.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The evolutionary conserved molecular chaperone heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) plays an indispensable role in tumorigenesis by stabilizing client oncoproteins. Although the functionality of HSP90 is tightly regulated, cancer cells exhibit a unique dependence on this chaperone, leading to its overexpression, which has been associated with poor prognosis in certain malignancies. While various strategies targeting heat shock proteins (HSPs) involved in carcinogenesis have been explored, only inhibition of HSP90 has consistently and effectively resulted in proteasomal degradation of its client proteins. To date, a total of 22 HSP90 inhibitors (HSP90i) have been tested in 186 cancer clinical trials, as reported by clinicaltrials.gov. Among these trials, 60 % have been completed, 10 % are currently active, and 30 % have been suspended, terminated, or withdrawn. HSP90 inhibitors (HSP90i) have been used as single agents or in combination with other drugs for the treatment of various cancer types in clinical trials. Notably, improved clinical outcomes have been observed when HSP90i are used in combination therapies, as they exhibit a synergistic antitumor effect. However, as single agents, HSP90i have shown limited clinical activity due to drug-related toxicity or therapy resistance. Recently, active trials conducted in Japan evaluating TAS-116 (pimitespib) have demonstrated promising results with low toxicity as monotherapy and in combination with the immune checkpoint inhibitor nivolumab. Exploratory biomarker analyses performed in various trials have demonstrated target engagement that suggests the potential for identifying patient populations that may respond favorably to the therapy. In this review, we discuss the advances made in the past 5 years regarding HSP90i and their implications in anticancer therapeutics. Our focus lies in evaluating drug efficacy, prognosis forecast, pharmacodynamic biomarkers, and clinical outcomes reported in published trials. Through this comprehensive review, we aim to shed light on the progress and potential of HSP90i as promising therapeutic agents in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shraddha Rastogi
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Abhinav Joshi
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nahoko Sato
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sunmin Lee
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Min-Jung Lee
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jane B Trepel
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Len Neckers
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Lee PWT, Koseki LR, Haitani T, Harada H, Kobayashi M. Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-Dependent and Independent Mechanisms Underlying Chemoresistance of Hypoxic Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1729. [PMID: 38730681 PMCID: PMC11083728 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16091729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
In hypoxic regions of malignant solid tumors, cancer cells acquire resistance to conventional therapies, such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy, causing poor prognosis in patients with cancer. It is widely recognized that some of the key genes behind this are hypoxia-inducible transcription factors, e.g., hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1). Since HIF-1 activity is suppressed by two representative 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases (2-OGDDs), PHDs (prolyl-4-hydroxylases), and FIH-1 (factor inhibiting hypoxia-inducible factor 1), the inactivation of 2-OGDD has been associated with cancer therapy resistance by the activation of HIF-1. Recent studies have also revealed the importance of hypoxia-responsive mechanisms independent of HIF-1 and its isoforms (collectively, HIFs). In this article, we collate the accumulated knowledge of HIF-1-dependent and independent mechanisms responsible for resistance of hypoxic cancer cells to anticancer drugs and briefly discuss the interplay between hypoxia responses, like EMT and UPR, and chemoresistance. In addition, we introduce a novel HIF-independent mechanism, which is epigenetically mediated by an acetylated histone reader protein, ATAD2, which we recently clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Wai Tik Lee
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan (L.R.K.)
| | - Lina Rochelle Koseki
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan (L.R.K.)
| | - Takao Haitani
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan (L.R.K.)
- Department of Genome Repair Dynamics, Radiation Biology Center, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Harada
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan (L.R.K.)
- Department of Genome Repair Dynamics, Radiation Biology Center, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Minoru Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan (L.R.K.)
- Department of Genome Repair Dynamics, Radiation Biology Center, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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Carlson DL, Kowalewski M, Bodoor K, Lietzan AD, Hughes PF, Gooden D, Loiselle DR, Alcorta D, Dingman Z, Mueller EA, Irnov I, Modla S, Chaya T, Caplan J, Embers M, Miller JC, Jacobs-Wagner C, Redinbo MR, Spector N, Haystead TAJ. Targeting Borrelia burgdorferi HtpG with a berserker molecule, a strategy for anti-microbial development. Cell Chem Biol 2024; 31:465-476.e12. [PMID: 37918401 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2023.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Conventional antimicrobial discovery relies on targeting essential enzymes in pathogenic organisms, contributing to a paucity of new antibiotics to address resistant strains. Here, by targeting a non-essential enzyme, Borrelia burgdorferi HtpG, to deliver lethal payloads, we expand what can be considered druggable within any pathogen. We synthesized HS-291, an HtpG inhibitor tethered to the photoactive toxin verteporfin. Reactive oxygen species, generated by light, enables HS-291 to sterilize Borrelia cultures by causing oxidation of HtpG, and a discrete subset of proteins in proximity to the chaperone. This caused irreversible nucleoid collapse and membrane blebbing. Tethering verteporfin to the HtpG inhibitor was essential, since free verteporfin was not retained by Borrelia in contrast to HS-291. For this reason, we liken HS-291 to a berserker, wreaking havoc upon the pathogen's biology once selectively absorbed and activated. This strategy expands the druggable pathogenic genome and offsets antibiotic resistance by targeting non-essential proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dave L Carlson
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, C119 LSRC, Research Drive, Durham NC 27701, USA
| | - Mark Kowalewski
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 120 Mason Farm Road, 3(rd) Floor, Genetic Medicine Building, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Khaldon Bodoor
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, C119 LSRC, Research Drive, Durham NC 27701, USA
| | - Adam D Lietzan
- Division of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, Adams School of Dentistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 385 South Columbia Street, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Philip F Hughes
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, C119 LSRC, Research Drive, Durham NC 27701, USA
| | - David Gooden
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, C119 LSRC, Research Drive, Durham NC 27701, USA
| | - David R Loiselle
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, C119 LSRC, Research Drive, Durham NC 27701, USA
| | - David Alcorta
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, C119 LSRC, Research Drive, Durham NC 27701, USA
| | - Zoey Dingman
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, C119 LSRC, Research Drive, Durham NC 27701, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Mueller
- Sarafan ChEM-H Institute, Stanford University, 290 Jane Stanford Way, Stanford, CA 94035, USA
| | - Irnov Irnov
- Sarafan ChEM-H Institute, Stanford University, 290 Jane Stanford Way, Stanford, CA 94035, USA
| | - Shannon Modla
- Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, 590 Avenue 1743, Newark, DE 19713, USA
| | - Tim Chaya
- Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, 590 Avenue 1743, Newark, DE 19713, USA
| | - Jeffrey Caplan
- Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, 590 Avenue 1743, Newark, DE 19713, USA
| | - Monica Embers
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, 18703 Three Rivers Road, Covington, LA 70433, USA
| | - Jennifer C Miller
- Galaxy Diagnostics, Inc, P.O. Box 14346 7020 Kit Creek Road, Ste 130, Research Triangle Park, Raliegh, NC 27709, USA
| | - Christine Jacobs-Wagner
- Sarafan ChEM-H Institute, Stanford University, 290 Jane Stanford Way, Stanford, CA 94035, USA; Biology Department, Stanford University, 290 Jane Stanford Way, Stanford, CA 94035, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, 290 Jane Stanford Way, Stanford, CA 94035, USA
| | - Matthew R Redinbo
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 120 Mason Farm Road, 3(rd) Floor, Genetic Medicine Building, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 4350 Genome Sciences Building, 250 Bell Tower Drive, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3290, USA.
| | - Neil Spector
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, C119 LSRC, Research Drive, Durham NC 27701, USA
| | - Timothy A J Haystead
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, C119 LSRC, Research Drive, Durham NC 27701, USA.
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Zhu Y, Dai Z. HSP90: A promising target for NSCLC treatments. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 967:176387. [PMID: 38311278 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
The emergence of targeted therapies and immunotherapies has improved the overall survival of patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but the 5-year survival rate remains low. New drugs are needed to overcome this dilemma. Moreover, the significant correlation between various client proteins of heat-shock protein (HSP) 90 and tumor occurrence, progression, and drug resistance suggests that HSP90 is a potential therapeutic target for NSCLC. However, the outcomes of clinical trials for HSP90 inhibitors have been disappointing, indicating significant toxicity of these drugs and that further screening of the beneficiary population is required. NSCLC patients with oncogenic-driven gene mutations or those at advanced stages who are resistant to multi-line treatments may benefit from HSP90 inhibitors. Enhancing the therapeutic efficacy and reducing the toxicity of HSP90 inhibitors can be achieved via the optimization of their drug structure, using them in combination therapies with low-dose HSP90 inhibitors and other drugs, and via targeted administration to tumor lesions. Here, we provide a review of the recent research on the role of HSP90 in NSCLC and summarize relevant studies of HSP90 inhibitors in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116021, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Zhaoxia Dai
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116021, Liaoning Province, China.
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Kao TW, Bai GH, Wang TL, Shih IM, Chuang CM, Lo CL, Tsai MC, Chiu LY, Lin CC, Shen YA. Novel cancer treatment paradigm targeting hypoxia-induced factor in conjunction with current therapies to overcome resistance. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:171. [PMID: 37460927 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02724-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy are established cancer treatment modalities that are widely used due to their demonstrated efficacy against tumors and favorable safety profiles or tolerability. Nevertheless, treatment resistance continues to be one of the most pressing unsolved conundrums in cancer treatment. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are a family of transcription factors that regulate cellular responses to hypoxia by activating genes involved in various adaptations, including erythropoiesis, glucose metabolism, angiogenesis, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. Despite this critical function, overexpression of HIFs has been observed in numerous cancers, leading to resistance to therapy and disease progression. In recent years, much effort has been poured into developing innovative cancer treatments that target the HIF pathway. Combining HIF inhibitors with current cancer therapies to increase anti-tumor activity and diminish treatment resistance is one strategy for combating therapeutic resistance. This review focuses on how HIF inhibitors could be applied in conjunction with current cancer treatments, including those now being evaluated in clinical trials, to usher in a new era of cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Wan Kao
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110301, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110301, Taiwan
| | - Geng-Hao Bai
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, 100225, Taiwan
| | - Tian-Li Wang
- Departments of Pathology, Oncology and Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 1550 Orleans StreetRoom 306, Baltimore, MD, CRB221231, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ie-Ming Shih
- Departments of Pathology, Oncology and Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 1550 Orleans StreetRoom 306, Baltimore, MD, CRB221231, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Chi-Mu Chuang
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112304, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, 112201, Taiwan
- Department of Midwifery and Women Health Care, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, 112303, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Liang Lo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112304, Taiwan
- Medical Device Innovation and Translation Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112304, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Chen Tsai
- Department of General Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, 110301, Taiwan
| | - Li-Yun Chiu
- Department of General Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, 104217, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Chien Lin
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110301, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, 110301, Taiwan
| | - Yao-An Shen
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110301, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110301, Taiwan.
- International Master/Ph.D. Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110301, Taiwan.
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Saber S, Hasan AM, Mohammed OA, Saleh LA, Hashish AA, Alamri MMS, Al-Ameer AY, Alfaifi J, Senbel A, Aboregela AM, Khalid TBA, Abdel-Reheim MA, Cavalu S. Ganetespib (STA-9090) augments sorafenib efficacy via necroptosis induction in hepatocellular carcinoma: Implications from preclinical data for a novel therapeutic approach. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 164:114918. [PMID: 37216705 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Sorafenib, a multikinase inhibitor, is a first-line treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, but its long-term effectiveness is limited by the emergence of resistance mechanisms. One such mechanism is the reduction of microvessel density and intratumoral hypoxia caused by prolonged sorafenib treatment. Our research has demonstrated that HSP90 plays a critical role in conferring resistance to sorafenib in HepG2 cells under hypoxic conditions and N-Nitrosodiethylamine-exposed mice as well. This occurs through the inhibition of necroptosis on the one hand and the stabilization of HIF-1α on the other hand. To augment the effects of sorafenib, we investigated the use of ganetespib, an HSP90 inhibitor. We found that ganetespib activated necroptosis and destabilized HIF-1α under hypoxia, thus enhancing the effectiveness of sorafenib. Additionally, we discovered that LAMP2 aids in the degradation of MLKL, which is the mediator of necroptosis, through the chaperone-mediated autophagy pathway. Interestingly, we observed a significant negative correlation between LAMP2 and MLKL. These effects resulted in a reduction in the number of surface nodules and liver index, indicating a regression in tumor production rates in mice with HCC. Furthermore, AFP levels decreased. Combining ganetespib with sorafenib showed a synergistic cytotoxic effect and resulted in the accumulation of p62 and inhibition of macroautophagy. These findings suggest that the combined therapy of ganetespib and sorafenib may offer a promising approach for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma by activating necroptosis, inhibiting macroautophagy, and exhibiting a potential antiangiogenic effect. Overall, continued research is critical to establish the full therapeutic potential of this combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameh Saber
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 11152, Egypt.
| | - Alexandru Madalin Hasan
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, P-ta 1 Decembrie 10, 410087 Oradea, Romania.
| | - Osama A Mohammed
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lobna A Saleh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt.
| | - Abdullah A Hashish
- Basic Medical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia; Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | | | - Ahmed Y Al-Ameer
- Department of General Surgery, College of medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jaber Alfaifi
- Department of Child Health, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Senbel
- Department of General Surgery, College of medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia; Department of Surgical Oncology, Oncology Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516 Egypt
| | | | | | - Mustafa Ahmed Abdel-Reheim
- Department of Pharmaceutical sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Aldawadmi 11961, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef 62521, Egypt.
| | - Simona Cavalu
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, P-ta 1 Decembrie 10, 410087 Oradea, Romania
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Li Z, Xu Z, Zhang A, Qi G, Li Z. A clinical phase I dose-finding design with adaptive shrinking boundaries for drug combination trials. BMC Med Res Methodol 2023; 23:57. [PMID: 36864387 PMCID: PMC9979534 DOI: 10.1186/s12874-023-01867-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Combinations of drugs are becoming increasingly common in oncology treatment. In some cases, patients can benefit from the interaction between two drugs, although there is usually a higher risk of developing toxicity. Due to drug-drug interactions, multidrug combinations often exhibit different toxicity profiles than those of single drugs, leading to a complex trial scenario. Numerous methods have been proposed for the design of phase I drug combination trials. For example, the two-dimensional Bayesian optimal interval design for combination drug (BOINcomb) is simple to implement and has desirable performance. However, in scenarios where the lowest and starting dose is close to being toxic, the BOINcomb design may tend to allocate more patients to overly toxic doses, and select an overly toxic dose combination as the maximum tolerated dose combination. METHOD To improve the performance of BOINcomb in the above extreme scenarios, we widen the range of variation of the boundaries by setting the self-shrinking dose escalation and de-escalation boundaries. We refer to the new design as adaptive shrinking Bayesian optimal interval design for combination drug (asBOINcomb). We conduct a simulation study to evaluate the performance of the proposed design using a real clinical trial example. RESULTS Our simulation results show that asBOINcomb is more accurate and stable than BOINcomb, especially in some extreme scenarios. Specifically, in all ten scenarios, the percentage of correct selection is higher than the BOINcomb design within 30 to 60 patients. CONCLUSION The proposed asBOINcomb design is transparent and simple to implement and can reduce the trial sample size while maintaining accuracy compared with the BOINcomb design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohang Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Informatics, Academy of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Ze Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Informatics, Academy of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Aijun Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Informatics, Academy of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Guanpeng Qi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Informatics, Academy of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Zuojing Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Informatics, Academy of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
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9
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Huang Y, Wang T, Tan Q, He D, Wu M, Fan J, Yang J, Zhong C, Li K, Zhang J. Smart Stimuli-Responsive and Mitochondria Targeting Delivery in Cancer Therapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:4117-4146. [PMID: 34163163 PMCID: PMC8214531 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s315368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction in the mitochondria (Mc) contributes to tumor progression. It is a major challenge to deliver therapeutic agents specifically to the Mc for precise treatment. Smart drug delivery systems are based on stimuli-responsiveness and active targeting. Here, we give a whole list of documented pathways to achieve smart stimuli-responsive (St-) and Mc-targeted DDSs (St-Mc-DDSs) by combining St and Mc targeting strategies. We present the formulations, targeting characteristics of St-Mc-DDSs and clarify their anti-cancer mechanisms as well as improvement in efficacy and safety. St-Mc-DDSs usually not only have Mc-targeting groups, molecules (lipophilic cations, peptides, and aptamers) or materials but also sense the surrounding environment and correspondingly respond to internal biostimulators such as pH, redox changes, enzyme and glucose, and/or externally applied triggers such as light, magnet, temperature and ultrasound. St-Mc-DDSs exquisitely control the action site, increase therapeutic efficacy and decrease side effects of the drug. We summarize the clinical research progress and propose suggestions for follow-up research. St-Mc-DDSs may be an innovative and sensitive precision medicine for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjia Huang
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Wang
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Experimental Teaching and Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qunyou Tan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Daping Hospital of Army Medical University, PLA, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan He
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingjun Wu
- Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingchuan Fan
- Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Yang
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Cailing Zhong
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Kailing Li
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingqing Zhang
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
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Li L, Chen NN, You QD, Xu XL. An updated patent review of anticancer Hsp90 inhibitors (2013-present). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2020; 31:67-80. [PMID: 32990109 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2021.1829595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is one of the most critical chaperones amenable to mediating the folding and maturation of more than 300 client proteins. In normal cells, Hsp90 chaperone cycle is required for regulating multiple cellular processes to maintain homeostasis. However, extremely overexpressed Hsp90 in neoplastic cells results in the dysregulation of client proteins, many of which are indispensable to the accumulation of cancer hallmarks, such as infinite proliferation and increased invasiveness. Consequently, modulation of Hsp90 activity has been considered as a potential strategy for cancer treatment. AREAS COVERED This review recapitulated recent patents' progress in the development of Hsp90 inhibitors with potent antitumor activities during 2013 to present. Besides, the structural-activity relationships of the patented inhibitors and their structural similarity were also discussed. EXPERT OPINION Hsp90, as an anticancer target, has been investigated for several decades. The first generation of Hsp90 inhibitors exhibited potent antitumor activities in preclinical trials but were trapped in different phases of clinical trials. The second generation of Hsp90 inhibitors has been identified with increased specificity and security through structure modification. Moreover, these inhibitors may offer opportunities for studies of Hsp90 chaperone and development of Hsp90 inhibition therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing, China.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing, China
| | - Nan-Nan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing, China.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing, China
| | - Qi-Dong You
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing, China.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Li Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing, China.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing, China
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11
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Combination of Anti-Cancer Drugs with Molecular Chaperone Inhibitors. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215284. [PMID: 31652993 PMCID: PMC6862641 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Most molecular chaperones belonging to heat shock protein (HSP) families are known to protect cancer cells from pathologic, environmental and pharmacological stress factors and thereby can hamper anti-cancer therapies. In this review, we present data on inhibitors of the heat shock response (particularly mediated by the chaperones HSP90, HSP70, and HSP27) either as a single treatment or in combination with currently available anti-cancer therapeutic approaches. An overview of the current literature reveals that the co-administration of chaperone inhibitors and targeting drugs results in proteotoxic stress and violates the tumor cell physiology. An optimal drug combination should simultaneously target cytoprotective mechanisms and trigger the imbalance of the tumor cell physiology.
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Narayanankutty V, Narayanankutty A, Nair A. Heat Shock Proteins (HSPs): A Novel Target for Cancer Metastasis Prevention. Curr Drug Targets 2019; 20:727-737. [DOI: 10.2174/1389450120666181211111815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are predominant molecular chaperones which are
actively involved in the protein folding; which is essential in protecting the structure and functioning
of proteins during various stress conditions. Though HSPs have important physiological roles, they
have been well known for their roles in various pathogenic conditions such as carcinogenesis; however,
limited literature has consolidated its potential as an anti-metastatic drug target.
Objectives:
The present review outlines the role of different HSPs on cancer progression and metastasis;
possible role of HSP inhibitors as anti-neoplastic agents is also discussed.
Methods:
The data were collected from PubMed/Medline and other reputed journal databases. The literature
that was too old and had no significant role to the review was then omitted.
Results:
Despite their strong physiological functions, HSPs are considered as good markers for cancer
prognosis and diagnosis. They have control over survival, proliferation and progression events of cancer
including drug resistance, metastasis, and angiogenesis. Since, neoplastic cells are more dependent
on HSPs for survival and proliferation, the selectivity and specificity of HSP-targeted cancer drugs
remain high. This has made various HSPs potential clinical and experimental targets for cancer prevention.
An array of HSP inhibitors has been in trials and many others are in experimental conditions
as anticancer and anti-metastatic agents. Several natural products are also being investigated for their
efficacy for anticancer and anti-metastatic agents by modulating HSPs.
Conclusion:
Apart from their role as an anticancer drug target, HSPs have shown to be promising targets
for the prevention of cancer progression. Extensive studies are required for the use of these molecules
as anti-metastatic agents. Further studies in this line may yield specific and effective antimetastatic
agents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arunaksharan Narayanankutty
- Postgraduate & Research Department of Zoology, St. Joseph’s College, Devagiri (Autonomous), Calicut, Kerala- 673 008, India
| | - Anusree Nair
- Cell and Tissue Culture Department, Micro labs, Bangalore, India
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Kryeziu K, Bruun J, Guren TK, Sveen A, Lothe RA. Combination therapies with HSP90 inhibitors against colorectal cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2019; 1871:240-247. [PMID: 30708039 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Oncogene stability and homeostasis mediated by the HSP90 chaperone is a crucial protection trait of cancer cells. Therefore, HSP90 represents an attractive therapeutic target for many cancers, including colorectal cancer. Although monotherapy has limited clinical efficacy, preclinical and early-phase clinical studies indicate improved antitumor activity when HSP90 inhibitors are combined with chemotherapies or targeted agents. This may be further improved with a biomarker-guided approach based on oncogenic HSP90 clients, or stratification based on the consensus molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer, suggesting a synergistic activity with 5-fluorouracil in preclinical models of the chemorefractory mesenchymal subtype. Furthermore, HSP90 inhibition may activate mechanisms to turn non-immunogenic tumors hot and improve their recognition by the immune system, suggesting synergy with immune checkpoint blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kushtrim Kryeziu
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; K.G. Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Division for Cancer Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jarle Bruun
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; K.G. Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Division for Cancer Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Tormod K Guren
- K.G. Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Division for Cancer Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anita Sveen
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; K.G. Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Division for Cancer Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ragnhild A Lothe
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; K.G. Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Division for Cancer Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
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