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Nejamkin P, Cavilla V, Clausse M, Landivar F, Lorenzutti AM, Martínez S, Del Sole MJ, Martín-Flores M. Sedative and physiologic effects of tiletamine-zolazepam following buccal administration in cats. J Feline Med Surg 2020; 22:108-113. [PMID: 30744474 PMCID: PMC10814565 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x19827116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to describe the sedative and some physiological effects of tiletamine-zolazepam following buccal administration (BA) in cats. METHODS Seven healthy spayed European shorthair cats (three males, four females) were studied twice in this randomized, blinded, crossover study. Each cat received two doses of tiletamine-zolazepam by BA: the low-dose (LD) group consisted of 5 mg/kg of each drug, and the high-dose (HD) group consisted of 7.5 mg/kg of each. Baseline systolic blood pressure (SAP), heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR) and a sedation score were recorded prior to administration of each treatment. The same variables plus the percentage of hemoglobin saturated with oxygen as measured by pulse oximetry (SpO2) were recorded at predefined intervals for the next 2 h. RESULTS All cats completed the study. No retching or vomiting were observed. Hypersalivation was observed in 0/7 and 3/7 for LD and HD groups, respectively (P = 0.2). There were significant changes in scores over time for posture, response to clippers and response to manual restraint for both groups, without differences between groups. RR, HR and SAP changed significantly over time. SAP and RR were significantly lower for the HD than for the LD group. No values for hemoglobin saturation <95% were observed. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE BA of tiletamine-zolazepam at the doses studied here is a simple and effective method for chemical restraint in cats, where the LD group had a lower impact on SAP and RR than the HD group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Nejamkin
- Hospital for Small Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, National Central University of the Province of Buenos Aires, University Campus, Tandil, Argentina
- Hospital for Large Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, National Central University of the Province of Buenos Aires, University Campus, Tandil, Argentina
| | - Verónica Cavilla
- Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, Clinical Department, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, National Central University of the Province of Buenos Aires, University Campus, Tandil, Argentina
| | - María Clausse
- General Clinical Surgery Department, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, National Central University of the Province of Buenos Aires, University Campus, Tandil, Argentina
- Veterinary Research Center of Tandil (CIVETAN, CONICET-CICPBA), Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, National Central University of the Province of Buenos Aires, University Campus, Tandil, Argentina
| | - Florencia Landivar
- Hospital for Large Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, National Central University of the Province of Buenos Aires, University Campus, Tandil, Argentina
| | - Augusto M Lorenzutti
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Catholic University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Sofía Martínez
- Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, Clinical Department, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, National Central University of the Province of Buenos Aires, University Campus, Tandil, Argentina
| | - María J Del Sole
- Hospital for Large Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, National Central University of the Province of Buenos Aires, University Campus, Tandil, Argentina
- Veterinary Research Center of Tandil (CIVETAN, CONICET-CICPBA), Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, National Central University of the Province of Buenos Aires, University Campus, Tandil, Argentina
| | - Manuel Martín-Flores
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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Wenger S, Hoby S, Wyss F, Adami C, Wenker C. Anaesthesia with medetomidine, midazolam and ketamine in six gorillas after premedication with oral zuclopenthixol dihydrochloride. Vet Anaesth Analg 2013; 40:176-80. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-2995.2012.00761.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Adami C, Wenker C, Hoby S, Bergadano A. Evaluation of effectiveness, safety and reliability of intramuscular medetomidine-ketamine for captive great apes. Vet Rec 2012; 171:196. [DOI: 10.1136/vr.100761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Adami
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science; Anaesthesiology and Pain Therapy Division; Vetsuisse-Faculty; University of Berne; Länggasstrasse n.124 Berne CH-3012 Switzerland
| | - C. Wenker
- Zoof Basel; Binningerstrasse 40 Basel CH-4054 Switzerland
| | - S. Hoby
- Zoof Basel; Binningerstrasse 40 Basel CH-4054 Switzerland
| | - A. Bergadano
- F.Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Grenzacherstrasse 124 Basel CH-4070 Switzerland
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Comparison of the anesthetic effects of oral transmucosal versus injectable medetomidine in combination with tiletamine-zolazepam for immobilization of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). J Zoo Wildl Med 2010; 41:50-62. [PMID: 20722254 DOI: 10.1638/2009-0096.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Seventeen adult chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) with an average age of 37 yr were immobilized with a combination of tiletamine-zolazepam (TZ) and medetomidine (MED) by one of two modes of delivery. Group A animals received the drug combination intramuscularly at 3 mg/kg and 0.05 mg/kg, respectively. Animals in group B received MED by oral transmucosal administration, meaning oral delivery with presumptive transmucosal absorption. MED at 0.1 mg/kg was mixed with marshmallow crème, and delivery was followed by 3 mg/kg of TZ intramuscularly. Chimpanzees from both groups were recovered after administration of atipamezole at 0.3 mg/kg intramuscularly. All chimpanzees were compliant with oral transmucosal drug administration, although two chimpanzees preferred oral MED mixed with applesauce. All animals exhibited some anxiety and excitatory behavior associated with darting, but this was reduced in group B, which was premedicated with oral transmucosal MED. The mean time from TZ administration to sedation sufficient for human contact was 16.4 and 14.7 min with and without oral transmucosal premedication, respectively. The mean time for recovery for those chimpanzees given oral transmucosal premedication was 13.8 min, which was significantly shorter than the time of recovery for the group not given oral premedication (P = 0.02). Oral transmucosal administration of MED provided light sedation in 16 of 17 chimpanzees to the level of arousable recumbency and a heavier sedation in one chimpanzee with no adverse side effects. TZ combined with MED by either oral transmucosal or injectable administration provided safe, heavy, long sedation with rapid, smooth, uneventful recoveries.
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Santos LCP, Ludders JW, Erb HN, Basher KL, Kirch P, Gleed RD. Sedative and cardiorespiratory effects of dexmedetomidine and buprenorphine administered to cats via oral transmucosal or intramuscular routes. Vet Anaesth Analg 2010; 37:417-24. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-2995.2010.00555.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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