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OUP accepted manuscript. J Mammal 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyac009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Rycken S, Shephard JM, Yeap L, Vaughan-Higgins R, Page M, Dawson R, Smith K, Mawson PR, Warren KS. Regional variation in habitat matrix determines movement metrics in Baudin’s cockatoos in southwest Western Australia. WILDLIFE RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1071/wr19076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
ContextThe Baudin’s cockatoo is one of three black cockatoo species endemic to Western Australia and is listed as Endangered by state and federal governments. Although there is a Recovery Plan in place for this species, conservation efforts are hindered by gaps in knowledge regarding the species movement ecology.
AimsTo identify key foraging and roosting habitat for Baudin’s cockatoos and to determine differences in flock movements, including the spatial extent of movement, in Urban, Peri-urban and Forest regions using telemetry data.
MethodsWild Baudin’s cockatoos that had been injured and undergone rehabilitation were equipped with satellite PTT (platform transmitter terminal) and GPS tags and released back into wild flocks. The study birds, and the flocks into which they integrated, were tracked in the field to collect telemetry and observational data. Satellite data were used to define the types of movement behaviour (resident, ranging, migratory), and GPS data were analysed to determine key foraging and roosting habitat, and to calculate home range area estimates.
Key resultsThere was a significant difference in flock movement between the Urban/Peri-urban regions and the Forest region in terms of daily distances moved and distances between roosts, with these parameters being far greater for the Forest region. Additionally, flock sizes were larger in the Forest region compared with the Urban and Peri-urban regions. In Urban and Peri-urban regions, key habitat comprised remnant vegetation in urban green space (nature reserves, parks and private property), and roadside and riparian vegetation, which served as movement corridors in the landscape.
ConclusionsThe research shows that it is important to maintain vegetation connectivity in the landscape. This enables Baudin’s cockatoos to utilise key patches of remnant vegetation in their non-breeding wintering grounds in Urban and Peri-urban regions of the Perth Peel Coastal Plain. Further research on the movement ecology of Baudin’s cockatoos should focus on habitat suitability modelling, which, in combination with the identified key habitat sites, will benefit the decision-making process in relation to conservation management of this endangered black cockatoo species.
ImplicationsThis research has benefited the conservation management of Baudin’s cockatoos by providing information on key habitat through satellite tracking and outlining the importance of the connective features of remnant vegetation. We advocate for further telemetry studies combined with habitat suitability modelling to preserve the necessary habitat for the persistence of this species in the Western Australian landscape.
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Bauder JM, Breininger DR, Bolt MR, Legare ML, Jenkins CL, Rothermel BB, McGarigal K. Movement barriers, habitat heterogeneity or both? Testing hypothesized effects of landscape features on home range sizes in eastern indigo snakes. J Zool (1987) 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. M. Bauder
- Department of Environmental Conservation University of Massachusetts Amherst MA USA
| | - D. R. Breininger
- NASA Ecological Programs Integrated Mission Support Services Kennedy Space Center FL USA
| | - M. R. Bolt
- NASA Ecological Programs Integrated Mission Support Services Kennedy Space Center FL USA
| | - M. L. Legare
- Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge Titusville FL USA
| | | | | | - K. McGarigal
- Department of Environmental Conservation University of Massachusetts Amherst MA USA
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Wood CM, Loman ZG, McKinney ST, Loftin CS. Testing prediction accuracy in short-term ecological studies. Basic Appl Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2020.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Hefty KL, Stewart KM. Flexible resource use strategies of a central-place forager experiencing dynamic risk and opportunity. MOVEMENT ECOLOGY 2019; 7:23. [PMID: 31388428 PMCID: PMC6676571 DOI: 10.1186/s40462-019-0168-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Movement decisions made in space and time define how wildlife meet competing extrinsic and intrinsic demands to maximize fitness. Differential selection of resource patches provides one example of how to measure how animals balance conflicting demands. We hypothesized that individual spatial selection of patch types between dynamic seasons would signify flexible strategies used to minimize risk and optimize foraging efforts. METHODS We used data collected from GPS loggers on golden-mantled ground squirrels (Callospermophilus lateralis) to model selection or avoidance of resources in two seasons of seed availability and one season in which no seeds were available. Movement decisions were measured in short-term discrete time intervals using high resolution location data. Selection or avoidance of specific resource features that entail fitness consequences were then assessed using resource selection functions. RESULTS Seasonality of food availability, food type, and spatial distribution of food largely influenced how individuals selected resources within their home ranges. Overall, when seeds were available, individuals mediated risks of predation and loss of food by using patches closer to refuge and selected intermediate distances to the burrow. When food was not available, individuals minimized exposure to heightened risk by staying close to the burrow and avoiding riskier patch types. CONCLUSIONS Results indicate that individuals used flexible, dynamic strategies to select habitat patches which may allow them to balance conflicting seasonal demands. Advances in GPS technology for research of small mammals provide greater insight into how prey species in high risk environments differentially use resources to minimize risk and maintain fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kira L. Hefty
- Department of Biology, University of Nevada, 1664 N. Virginia St. Reno, Reno, NV 89557 USA
- Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, 1064 East Lowell Street, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA
| | - Kelley M. Stewart
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 N. Virginia St. Mail Stop 186, Reno, NV 89557 USA
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Hutchen J, Hodges K. Foraging behaviour of snowshoe hares ( Lepus americanus) in conifer forests regenerating after fire. CAN J ZOOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1139/cjz-2018-0222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Wildfires in conifer forests create patchy, heterogeneous landscapes. For many animal species, this post-fire variability means having to navigate quite different habitat patches to locate adequate cover and food. For snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus Erxleben, 1777), post-fire landscapes could include risky open patches, as well as dense regenerating stands rich in food and cover. We analyzed snowshoe hare tortuosity, speed of movement, and amount of browse along winter foraging pathways in unburned mature forest and in dense regenerating stands or open areas with sparse regeneration 12–13 years after the Okanagan Mountain Park fire (>25 000 ha near Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada) to determine whether hares change foraging behaviour in relation to cover type. Hares moved the fastest and browsed the least in open habitats. Hares browsed most often in areas where sapling regeneration was dense; their main forage was lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Douglas ex Loudon). No differences were found in pathway tortuosity in relation to cover type (open, regenerating, or mature patches). When hares moved slower along foraging pathways, they also moved slightly more tortuously and ate more. These results suggest that hares prefer post-fire areas with dense tree regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Hutchen
- Department of Biology, The University of British Columbia Okanagan, 1177 Research Road, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada
- Department of Biology, The University of British Columbia Okanagan, 1177 Research Road, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - K.E. Hodges
- Department of Biology, The University of British Columbia Okanagan, 1177 Research Road, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada
- Department of Biology, The University of British Columbia Okanagan, 1177 Research Road, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada
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Franklin CMA, Macdonald SE, Nielsen SE. Can retention harvests help conserve wildlife? Evidence for vertebrates in the boreal forest. Ecosphere 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline M. A. Franklin
- Department of Renewable Resources University of Alberta 751 General Services Building Edmonton Alberta T6G 2H1 Canada
| | - S. Ellen Macdonald
- Department of Renewable Resources University of Alberta 751 General Services Building Edmonton Alberta T6G 2H1 Canada
| | - Scott E. Nielsen
- Department of Renewable Resources University of Alberta 751 General Services Building Edmonton Alberta T6G 2H1 Canada
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Scully AE, Fisher S, Miller DAW, Thornton DH. Influence of biotic interactions on the distribution of Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis) at the southern edge of their range. J Mammal 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyy053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Arthur E Scully
- Environmental and Life Sciences, Trent University, West Bank Dr, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada
- School of the Environment, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Scott Fisher
- Washington Department of Natural Resources, Northeast Region, Colville, WA, USA
| | - David A W Miller
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Daniel H Thornton
- School of the Environment, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
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Landscape connectivity for bobcat (Lynx rufus) and lynx (Lynx canadensis) in the Northeastern United States. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194243. [PMID: 29590192 PMCID: PMC5874025 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Landscape connectivity is integral to the persistence of metapopulations of wide ranging carnivores and other terrestrial species. The objectives of this research were to investigate the landscape characteristics essential to use of areas by lynx and bobcats in northern New England, map a habitat availability model for each species, and explore connectivity across areas of the region likely to experience future development pressure. A Mahalanobis distance analysis was conducted on location data collected between 2005 and 2010 from 16 bobcats in western Vermont and 31 lynx in northern Maine to determine which variables were most consistent across all locations for each species using three scales based on average 1) local (15 minute) movement, 2) linear distance between daily locations, and 3) female home range size. The bobcat model providing the widest separation between used locations and random study area locations suggests that they cue into landscape features such as edge, availability of cover, and development density at different scales. The lynx model with the widest separation between random and used locations contained five variables including natural habitat, cover, and elevation—all at different scales. Shrub scrub habitat—where lynx’s preferred prey is most abundant—was represented at the daily distance moved scale. Cross validation indicated that outliers had little effect on models for either species. A habitat suitability value was calculated for each 30 m2 pixel across Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine for each species and used to map connectivity between conserved lands within selected areas across the region. Projections of future landscape change illustrated potential impacts of anthropogenic development on areas lynx and bobcat may use, and indicated where connectivity for bobcats and lynx may be lost. These projections provided a guide for conservation of landscape permeability for lynx, bobcat, and species relying on similar habitats in the region.
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Hefty KL, Stewart KM. Novel location data reveal spatiotemporal strategies used by a central-place forager. J Mammal 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyy019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kira L Hefty
- Department of Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV, USA
| | - Kelley M Stewart
- Department of Natural Resources, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV, USA
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Use of anthropogenic linear features by two medium-sized carnivores in reserved and agricultural landscapes. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11624. [PMID: 28912508 PMCID: PMC5599595 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11454-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Many carnivores are threatened by habitat loss and fragmentation. These changes create linear features and habitat edges that can facilitate foraging and/or travel. To understand the significance of anthropogenic linear features in the ecology of carnivores, fine-scaled studies are needed. We studied two medium-sized carnivores: the endangered Tasmanian devil (Sarcophilus harrisii) and the near threatened spotted-tailed quoll (Dasyurus maculatus), in a mixed landscape of conservation and agricultural land. Using GPS tracking, we investigated their use of intact habitat versus linear features such as roads, fences and the pasture/cover interface. Both species showed a positive selection for anthropogenic linear features, using the pasture/cover interface for foraging and roads for movement and foraging. Devils travelled along fence lines, while quolls showed little preference for them. Otherwise, both species foraged in forest and travelled through pasture. While devils and quolls can utilise anthropogenic linear features, we suggest that their continued survival in these habitats may depend on the intensity of other threats, e.g. persecution, and providing that sufficient intact habitat remains to sustain their ecological needs. We suggest that the management of both species and probably many other species of carnivores should focus on controlling mortality factors associated with human use of landscapes.
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Toews M, Juanes F, Burton AC. Mammal responses to human footprint vary with spatial extent but not with spatial grain. Ecosphere 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.1735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mary Toews
- Department of Biology; University of Victoria; PO Box 1700, Station CSC Victoria British Columbia V8W 2Y2 Canada
| | - Francis Juanes
- Department of Biology; University of Victoria; PO Box 1700, Station CSC Victoria British Columbia V8W 2Y2 Canada
| | - A. Cole Burton
- Department of Biology; University of Victoria; PO Box 1700, Station CSC Victoria British Columbia V8W 2Y2 Canada
- Department of Forest Resources Management; Faculty of Forestry; University of British Columbia; 2045 - 2424 Main Mall Vancouver British Columbia V6T 1Z4 Canada
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McCabe JD, Olsen BJ, Hiebeler D. Wind patterns as a potential driver in the evolution and maintenance of a North American migratory suture zone. Evolution 2016; 70:2145-54. [PMID: 27435797 DOI: 10.1111/evo.13007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Suture zones are areas where range contact zones and hybrid zones of multiple taxa are clustered. Migratory divides, contact zones between divergent populations that breed adjacent to one another but use different migratory routes, are a particular case of suture zones. Although multiple hypotheses for both the formation and maintenance of migratory divides have been suggested, quantitative tests are scarce. Here, we tested whether a novel factor, prevailing winds, was sufficient to explain both the evolution and maintenance of the Cordilleran migratory divide using individual-based models. Empirical observations of eastern birds suggest a circuitous migratory route across Canada before heading south. Western breeders, however, travel south along the Pacific coast to their wintering grounds. We modeled the effect of wind on bird migratory flights by allowing them to float at elevation using spatially explicit modeled wind data. Modeled eastern birds had easterly mean trajectories, whereas western breeders showed significantly more southern trajectories. We also determined that a mean airspeed of 18.5 m s(-1) would be necessary to eliminate this difference in trajectory, a speed that is achieved by waterfowl and shorebirds, but is faster than songbird flight speeds. These results lend support for the potential importance of wind in shaping the phylogeographic history of North American songbirds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer D McCabe
- Department of Forestry and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, 53706. .,School of Biology & Ecology, Climate Change Institute, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, 04469.
| | - Brian J Olsen
- School of Biology & Ecology, Climate Change Institute, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, 04469
| | - David Hiebeler
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, 04469
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Hodges KE, Cunningham JAF, Mills LS. Avoiding and escaping predators: Movement tortuosity of snowshoe hares in risky habitats. ECOSCIENCE 2015. [DOI: 10.2980/21-2-3666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Cooper SM, Jhala S, Rollins D, Feagin RA. Nocturnal movements and habitat selection of mesopredators encountering bobwhite nests. WILDLIFE SOC B 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/wsb.499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susan M. Cooper
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research; 1619 Garner Field Road Uvalde TX 78801 USA
| | - Shesh Jhala
- Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences; Texas A&M University; 210 Nagle Hall College Station TX 77843 USA
| | - Dale Rollins
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research; 7887 United States Highway 87 San Angelo TX 76901 USA
| | - Rusty A. Feagin
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Management; Texas A&M University; B221C Centeq Research Plaza College Station TX 77845 USA
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Chivers W, Gladstone W, Herbert R, Fuller M. Predator–prey systems depend on a prey refuge. J Theor Biol 2014; 360:271-278. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2014.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Revised: 07/12/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Zhang Z, Sheppard JK, Swaisgood RR, Wang G, Nie Y, Wei W, Zhao N, Wei F. Ecological scale and seasonal heterogeneity in the spatial behaviors of giant pandas. Integr Zool 2014; 9:46-60. [PMID: 24447661 DOI: 10.1111/1749-4877.12030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We report on the first study to track the spatial behaviors of wild giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) using high-resolution global positioning system (GPS) telemetry. Between 2008 and 2009, 4 pandas (2 male and 2 female) were tracked in Foping Reserve, China for an average of 305 days (± 54.8 SE). Panda home ranges were larger than those of previous very high frequency tracking studies, with a bimodal distribution of space-use and distinct winter and summer centers of activity. Home range sizes were larger in winter than in summer, although there was considerable individual variability. All tracked pandas exhibited individualistic, unoriented and multiphasic movement paths, with a high level of tortuosity within seasonal core habitats and directed, linear, large-scale movements between habitats. Pandas moved from low elevation winter habitats to high elevation (>2000 m) summer habitats in May, when temperatures averaged 17.5 °C (± 0.3 SE), and these large-scale movements took <1 month to complete. The peak in panda mean elevation occurred in Jul, after which they began slow, large-scale movements back to winter habitats that were completed in Nov. An adult female panda made 2 longdistance movements during the mating season. Pandas remain close to rivers and streams during winter, possibly reflecting the elevated water requirements to digest their high-fiber food. Panda movement path tortuosity and first-passage-time as a function of spatial scale indicated a mean peak in habitat search effort and patch use of approximately 700 m. Despite a high degree of spatial overlap between panda home ranges, particularly in winter, we detected neither avoidance nor attraction behavior between conspecifics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zejun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; San Diego Zoo Institute for Conservation Research, Escondido, California, USA; Institute of Rare Animals and Plants, China West Normal University, Nanchong, China
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Ewacha M, Roth J, Brook R. Vegetation structure and composition determine snowshoe hare (Lepus americanus) activity at arctic tree line. CAN J ZOOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1139/cjz-2014-0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus Erxleben, 1777) are keystone herbivores supporting many boreal-forest predators. Understanding habitat use of hares can help predict how hares and their predators will be affected by disturbances such as climate change, which will have a particularly strong effect at tree line. We examined hare activity at arctic tree line near Churchill, Manitoba, using fecal pellet transects established in August 2012. We counted all hare fecal pellets at two plots per transect and measured plant abundance and vegetation structure surrounding the plots, then used model selection to determine the combinations of habitat features or plant species that best explained hare activity or presence. Hare pellets occurred at a higher density where tall shrub cover was high. Pellet density also increased with increasing canopy cover, tree size, tree density, visibility, and small shrub cover, but was negatively correlated with medium-sized shrub and herb cover. Hares preferred areas with willow (genus Salix L.) and avoided areas with unpalatable black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb.). With climate warming, tree line is expected to advance northward and the increased tall shrub and willow cover predicted with increasing temperatures should benefit hares by providing greater predator protection and food.
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Affiliation(s)
- M.V.A. Ewacha
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - J.D. Roth
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - R.K. Brook
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science and Indigenous Land Management Institute, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada
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Simons-Legaard EM, Harrison DJ, Krohn WB, Vashon JH. Canada lynx occurrence and forest management in the Acadian Forest. J Wildl Manage 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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DeCesare NJ, Hebblewhite M, Schmiegelow F, Hervieux D, McDermid GJ, Neufeld L, Bradley M, Whittington J, Smith KG, Morgantini LE, Wheatley M, Musiani M. Transcending scale dependence in identifying habitat with resource selection functions. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2012; 22:1068-1083. [PMID: 22827119 DOI: 10.1890/11-1610.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Multi-scale resource selection modeling is used to identify factors that limit species distributions across scales of space and time. This multi-scale nature of habitat suitability complicates the translation of inferences to single, spatial depictions of habitat required for conservation of species. We estimated resource selection functions (RSFs) across three scales for a threatened ungulate, woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou), with two objectives: (1) to infer the relative effects of two forms of anthropogenic disturbance (forestry and linear features) on woodland caribou distributions at multiple scales and (2) to estimate scale-integrated resource selection functions (SRSFs) that synthesize results across scales for management-oriented habitat suitability mapping. We found a previously undocumented scale-specific switch in woodland caribou response to two forms of anthropogenic disturbance. Caribou avoided forestry cut-blocks at broad scales according to first- and second-order RSFs and avoided linear features at fine scales according to third-order RSFs, corroborating predictions developed according to predator-mediated effects of each disturbance type. Additionally, a single SRSF validated as well as each of three single-scale RSFs when estimating habitat suitability across three different spatial scales of prediction. We demonstrate that a single SRSF can be applied to predict relative habitat suitability at both local and landscape scales in support of critical habitat identification and species recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J DeCesare
- Wildlife Biology Program, Department of Ecosystem Sciences and Conservation, College of Forestry and Conservation, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana 59812, USA.
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