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Suetsugu K. Further evidence for endozoochory in a mycoheterotrophic orchid Cyrtosia septentrionalis: seed dispersal by the masked palm civet Paguma larvata. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2024. [PMID: 39258313 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
Cyrtosia septentrionalis, an orchid species, is notable for its sausage-shaped red fleshy fruits, which can reach up to 10 cm in length. Previous research identified frugivorous and omnivorous birds, especially the brown-eared bulbul Hypsipetes amaurotis (Pycnonotidae, Passeriformes), as key seed dispersers of C. septentrionalis in natural habitats. This finding challenges conventional belief that orchid seeds are primarily wind-dispersed. Moreover, given the rarity of specialized co-evolutionary relationships between fruits and frugivores, C. septentrionalis may also rely on mammals for seed dispersal in certain regions. We aimed to explore the fruit consumption habits of animals other than birds. Motion sensor-equipped cameras were used to observe interactions with the fruits of C. septentrionalis and assess the viability of seeds post-consumption. The observations revealed three animal species consuming the fruits, with the masked palm civet Paguma larvata (Viverridae, Carnivora) identified as a dominant consumer in the investigated population. Microscopy analysis of seeds retrieved from P. larvata faeces indicated that the seeds remained intact and viable after passing through the digestive system of this carnivorous mammal. The above discovery suggests a potential role for carnivorous mammals in seed dispersal of C. septentrionalis, alongside birds, thus broadening our understanding of the complex seed dispersal strategies employed by orchids.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Suetsugu
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- Institute for Advanced Research, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
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The First Nationwide Surveillance of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome in Ruminants and Wildlife in Taiwan. Viruses 2023; 15:v15020441. [PMID: 36851653 PMCID: PMC9965706 DOI: 10.3390/v15020441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the first discovery of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) in China in 2009, SFTSV has rapidly spread through other Asian countries, including Japan, Korea, Vietnam and Pakistan, in chronological order. Taiwan reported its first discovery of SFTSV in sheep and humans in 2020. However, the prevalence of SFTSV in domestic and wildlife animals and the geographic distribution of the virus within the island remain unknown. A total of 1324 animal samples, including 803 domestic ruminants, 521 wildlife animals and 47 tick pools, were collected from March 2021 to December 2022 from 12 counties and one terrestrial island. The viral RNA was detected by a one-step real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Overall, 29.9% (240/803) of ruminants showed positive SFTSV RNA. Sheep had the highest viral RNA prevalence of 60% (30/50), followed by beef cattle at 28.4% (44/155), goats at 28.3% (47/166), and dairy cows at 27.5% (119/432). The bovine as a total of dairy cow and beef cattle was 27.8% (163/587). The viral RNA prevalence in ticks (predominantly Rhipicephalus microplus) was similar to those of ruminants at 27.7% (13/47), but wild animals exhibited a much lower prevalence at 1.3% (7/521). Geographically the distribution of positivity was quite even, being 33%, 29.1%, 27.5% and 37.5% for northern, central, southern and eastern Taiwan, respectively. Statistically, the positive rate of beef cattle in the central region (55.6%) and dairy cattle in the eastern region (40.6%) were significantly higher than the other regions; and the prevalence in Autumn (September-November) was significantly higher than in the other seasons (p < 0.001). The nationwide study herein revealed for the first time the wide distribution and high prevalence of SFTSV in both domestic animals and ticks in Taiwan. Considering the high mortality rate in humans, surveillance of other animal species, particularly those in close contact with humans, and instigation of protective measures for farmers, veterinarians, and especially older populations visiting or living near farms or rural areas should be prioritized.
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Ikeda T, Higashide D, Shichijo T. Impact of human disturbance in Japan on the distribution and diel activity pattern of terrestrial mammals. J Nat Conserv 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2022.126293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Spatial co-occurrence and temporal activity patterns of sympatric mesocarnivores guild in Qinling Mountains. Glob Ecol Conserv 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2022.e02129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Tian J, Zou Q, Zhang M, Hu C, Khattak RH, Su H. Spatial and temporal differentiation are not distinct but are covariant for facilitating coexistence of small and medium-sized carnivores in Southwestern China. Glob Ecol Conserv 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2022.e02017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Toriyabe A, Enari H, Enari HS, Saito MU. Habitat selection by non-native masked palm civets in a Japanese rural landscape, incorporating individual differences. J Mammal 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyab150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Animals that succeed as non-native species may have highly plastic characteristics. We conducted a radio telemetry survey for introduced masked palm civets (Paguma larvata), which inhabit rural landscapes in almost all of Japan, to clarify their habitat selection and intraspecific variation. We compared two generalized linear mixed models, one that did not consider individual differences and another that did, which indicated the importance of incorporating individual differences for evaluating habitat selection by this species. We obtained results of habitat selectivity for all individuals (i.e., common effect on the species) and for each individual using coefficients of fixed effects or fixed effects with random effects. Masked palm civets significantly selected deciduous broad-leaved forests, artificial structures, rice fields, and orchards as a common effect for all individuals. However, these habitats were not necessarily selected as a significant effect for each individual. Deciduous broad-leaved forests and artificial structures were more important than other habitats. The wide range of possible environments and the plasticity of habitat selection shown in this study may partly explain the success of this species in expanding its distribution in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Toriyabe
- Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Yamagata University, 1-23 Wakaba-machi, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroto Enari
- Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, 1-23 Wakaba-machi, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-8555, Japan
| | - Haruka S Enari
- Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, 1-23 Wakaba-machi, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-8555, Japan
- Snow Region Wildlife Research Group, 1-23 Wakaba-machi, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-8555, Japan
| | - Masayuki U Saito
- Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, 1-23 Wakaba-machi, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-8555, Japan
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Hasegawa A, Goto Y, Yamazaki K. Are there Sexual Differences in the Autumn Food Habits of Raccoon Dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) in Suburban Area? MAMMAL STUDY 2021. [DOI: 10.3106/ms2020-0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Hasegawa
- Department of Forest Science, Faculty of Regional Environmental Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
| | - Yusuke Goto
- Zoological Laboratory, Ibaraki Nature Museum, 700 Osaki, Bando City, Ibaraki 306-0622, Japan
| | - Koji Yamazaki
- Department of Forest Science, Faculty of Regional Environmental Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
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Kays R, Arbogast BS, Baker‐Whatton M, Beirne C, Boone HM, Bowler M, Burneo SF, Cove MV, Ding P, Espinosa S, Gonçalves ALS, Hansen CP, Jansen PA, Kolowski JM, Knowles TW, Lima MGM, Millspaugh J, McShea WJ, Pacifici K, Parsons AW, Pease BS, Rovero F, Santos F, Schuttler SG, Sheil D, Si X, Snider M, Spironello WR. An empirical evaluation of camera trap study design: How many, how long and when? Methods Ecol Evol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.13370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roland Kays
- North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences Raleigh NC USA
- Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources North Carolina State University Raleigh NC USA
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Balboa Panama
| | - Brian S. Arbogast
- Department of Biology and Marine Biology University of North Carolina Wilmington NC USA
| | | | - Chris Beirne
- Nicholas School of the Environment Duke University Durham NC USA
| | - Hailey M. Boone
- Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources North Carolina State University Raleigh NC USA
| | | | - Santiago F. Burneo
- Museo de Zoología Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador Quito Ecuador
| | - Michael V. Cove
- Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute Front Royal VA USA
| | - Ping Ding
- College of Life Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou, Zhejiang China
| | - Santiago Espinosa
- Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí San Luis Potosí México
- Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador Quito Ecuador
| | | | | | - Patrick A. Jansen
- Department of Environmental Sciences Wageningen University Wageningen The Netherlands
- Centre for Tropical Forest Science Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Balboa Panama
| | | | | | - Marcela Guimarães Moreira Lima
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação Brazil Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia – IN Universidade Federal do Pará Belém Pará Brazil
| | | | | | - Krishna Pacifici
- Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources North Carolina State University Raleigh NC USA
| | - Arielle W. Parsons
- North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences Raleigh NC USA
- Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources North Carolina State University Raleigh NC USA
| | - Brent S. Pease
- Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources North Carolina State University Raleigh NC USA
| | - Francesco Rovero
- Tropical Biodiversity Section MUSE – Museo delle Scienze Trento Italy
- Department of Biology University of Florence Florence Italy
| | - Fernanda Santos
- Departament of Mastozoology Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi Belém Pará Brazil
| | | | - Douglas Sheil
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management Norwegian University of Life Sciences Norway
| | - Xingfeng Si
- Zhejiang Tiantong Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences East China Normal University Shanghai China
| | - Matt Snider
- Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources North Carolina State University Raleigh NC USA
| | - Wilson R. Spironello
- Grupo de Pesquisa de Mamíferos Amazônicos Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia Manaus Brazil
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Spatio-temporal coexistence of sympatric mesocarnivores with a single apex carnivore in a fine-scale landscape. Glob Ecol Conserv 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2019.e00897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Iwama M, Yamazaki K, Matsuyama M, Hoshino Y, Hisano M, Newman C, Kaneko Y. Masked Palm Civet Paguma larvata Summer Diet Differs between Sexes in a Suburban Area of Central Japan. MAMMAL STUDY 2017. [DOI: 10.3106/041.042.0301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masakazu Iwama
- Carnivore Ecology and Conservation Research Group, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Saiwaicho 3-5-8, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-0054, Japan
| | - Koji Yamazaki
- Ibaraki Nature Museum, Zoological Laboratory, 700 Osaki, Bando, Ibaraki 306-0622, Japan
- Department of Forest Science, Faculty of Regional Environmental Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
| | - Miho Matsuyama
- Laboratory of Vegetation Management, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Saiwaicho 3-5-8, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-0054, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Hoshino
- Laboratory of Vegetation Management, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Saiwaicho 3-5-8, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-0054, Japan
| | - Masumi Hisano
- Faculty of Natural Resources Management, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Chris Newman
- Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, The Recanati-Kaplan Centre, Tubney House, Abingdon Road, Tubney, Oxon OX13 5QL, UK
| | - Yayoi Kaneko
- Carnivore Ecology and Conservation Research Group, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Saiwaicho 3-5-8, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-0054, Japan
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Bu H, Wang F, McShea WJ, Lu Z, Wang D, Li S. Spatial Co-Occurrence and Activity Patterns of Mesocarnivores in the Temperate Forests of Southwest China. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164271. [PMID: 27723772 PMCID: PMC5056745 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the interactions between species and their coexistence mechanisms will help explain biodiversity maintenance and enable managers to make sound conservation decisions. Mesocarnivores are abundant and diverse mid-sized carnivores and can have profound impacts on the function, structure and dynamics of ecosystem after the extirpation of apex predators in many ecosystems. The moist temperate forests of Southwest China harbor a diverse community of mesocarnivores in the absence of apex predators. Sympatric species tend to partition limited resources along time, diet and space to facilitate coexistence. We determined the spatial and temporal patterns for five species of mesocarnivores. We used detection histories from a large camera-trap dataset collected from 2004-2015 with an extensive effort of 23,313 camera-days from 495 camera locations. The five mesocarnivore species included masked palm civet Paguma larvata, leopard cat Prionailurus bengalensis, hog badger Arctonyx collaris, yellow-throated marten Martes flavigula, and Siberian weasel Mustela sibirica. Only the masked palm civet and hog badger tended to avoid each other; while for other pairs of species, they occurred independently of each other, or no clear pattern observed. With regard to seasonal activity, yellow-throated marten was most active in winter, opposite the pattern observed for masked palm civet, leopard cat and hog badger. For diel activity, masked palm civet, leopard cat and hog badger were primarily nocturnal and crepuscular; yellow-throated marten was diurnal, and Siberian weasel had no clear pattern for most of the year (March to November), but was nocturnal in the winter (December to February). The seasonal shift of the Siberian weasel may be due to the high diet overlap among species in winter. Our results provided new facts and insights into this unique community of mesocarnivores of southwest China, and will facilitate future studies on the mechanism determining coexistence of animal species within complex system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Bu
- School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Center for Systems Integration and Sustainability, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, 48823, United States of America
| | - William J. McShea
- Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, Virginia, 22630, United States of America
| | - Zhi Lu
- School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Dajun Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Sheng Li
- School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
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