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Málaga SK, de Souza Balbueno MC, Martins JA, da Costa LD, de Sousa Barbosa ML, Marcili A, de Paula Coelho C. Contribution of ultrasound examination in diagnosing platynosomiasis and correlation with macro and microscopic findings in callitrichids kept under human care. J Med Primatol 2024; 53:e12712. [PMID: 38825748 DOI: 10.1111/jmp.12712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platynosomiasis in non-human primates kept under human care causes chronic disease of the bile ducts and liver, which initially presents with nonspecific signs and can culminate in the death of the animal. Diagnosing this disease is a challenge, and an ultrasound examination can be an excellent tool when it is suspected. METHODS This study describes the ultrasound findings from 57 marmosets with suspected infection by Platynosomum sp., the correlated hepatobiliary changes, and the anatomopathological findings that confirmed the occurrence of platynosomiasis. RESULTS In six marmosets (one C. aurita, two C. jacchus, and three Callithrix sp.), Platynosomum infection was confirmed macroscopically (presence of adult trematodes in the gallbladder) and microscopically (adults, larvae, and eggs in histological examinations and eggs in bile and feces). These findings were compatible with the hepatobiliary changes and with images suggestive of parasitic structures in ante-mortem assessments. CONCLUSION Ultrasound examination demonstrated its usefulness within the clinical routine for investigating this parasitosis.
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Soares ADS, da Silva MB, Fraga RE, Hoppe EGL, Oliveira WJ, Schiavetti A. Helminths of Wied's marmoset (Callithrix kuhlii (Coimbra-Filho, 1985) (Primates: Callitrichidae)) from the Atlantic Forest, Southern Bahia State, Brazil. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PARASITOLOGIA VETERINARIA = BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY : ORGAO OFICIAL DO COLEGIO BRASILEIRO DE PARASITOLOGIA VETERINARIA 2024; 33:e016523. [PMID: 38422329 PMCID: PMC10927270 DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612024011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Callithrix kuhlii is present in forest mosaics, edge habitats, and abandoned fields in the Atlantic Forest. In Bahia and Minas Gerais. This study aimed to identify helminths from C. kuhlii and relate them to the clinical data, weights, and indices of the liver and gonads. Necropsies were performed on 13 adult marmosets that were run over on the BA-001 highway. A principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted to describe the relationships between the variables investigated. Fifty-one helminths were collected from 30.77% (4/13) of the marmosets analyzed. Helminths were classified based on their morphological and morphometric characteristics. Primasubulura jacchi (Marcel, 1857), Platynosomum illiciens (Dougherty, 1946), and Prosthenorchis confusus (Dougherty, 1946) were the species identified, with prevalence rates of 7.69%, 7.69%, and 15.38%, respectively. In addition, this is a new host record of P. confusus. The two main axes of the PCA explained a high variability (PCA=67.7%), indicating reduced weight and indices of the organs of parasitized animals. This study expands the knowledge on parasites of C. kuhlii and its vulnerability to parasites, contributing to constructing an epidemiological profile of environmental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aléxia David Santos Soares
- Laboratório de Zoologia - Labzoo, Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia - UFBA, Campus Anisio Teixeira, Vitória da Conquista, BA, Brasil
- Laboratório de Etnoconservação e Áreas Protegidas - LECAP, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz - UESC, Ilhéus, BA, Brasil
| | - Márcio Borba da Silva
- Laboratório de Zoologia - Labzoo, Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia - UFBA, Campus Anisio Teixeira, Vitória da Conquista, BA, Brasil
| | - Ricardo Evangelista Fraga
- Laboratório de Biologia celular e Biologia Molecular, Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia - UFBA, Campus Anisio Teixeira, Vitória da Conquista, BA, Brasil
| | - Estevam Guilherme Lux Hoppe
- Laboratório de Enfermidades Parasitárias - LabEPar, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
| | - Wilson Junior Oliveira
- Laboratório de Enfermidades Parasitárias - LabEPar, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
| | - Alexandre Schiavetti
- Laboratório de Etnoconservação e Áreas Protegidas - LECAP, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz - UESC, Ilhéus, BA, Brasil
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Dias JS, Beltrão-Mendes R, Bezerra TL, La Corte R. Parasites and Viruses in Callithrix in Brazil. Acta Parasitol 2024; 69:152-163. [PMID: 38184509 DOI: 10.1007/s11686-023-00766-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE As a result of environmental imbalances of anthropogenic origin, the potential for transmission of parasites and viruses between different primates, including humans, might increase. Thus, parasitic studies have great relevance to primatology, which motivated us to conduct a literature review to synthesize the information available in American primates of the Callithrix genus. METHODS We carried out the bibliographic search on the main groups of parasites (protozoa, helminths, arthropods, ectoparasites) and viruses found in Callithrix in Brazil in search platforms and consider all manuscript that appeared in search engines, published between the years 1910 and December 2022. In each selected article, the following information was recorded: the host species; parasite taxa; scientific classification of the parasite; host habitat (free-living, captive); diagnostic technique; state; and bibliographic reference. Data were tabulated and arranged in a parasite-host table. RESULTS Some endemic genera, such as Callithrix, are widely distributed geographically across Brazil and have characteristics of adaptation to different habitats due to their flexibility in diet and behavior. These factors can make them subject to a greater diversity of parasites and viruses in the country. Here, we identified 68 parasitic taxa, belonging to the clades protozoa (n = 22), helminths (n = 34), ectoparasites (n = 7), and viruses (n = 5). Out of this total, 19 have zoonotic potential. Of the six existing marmoset species, Callithrix jacchus was the most frequent in studies, and Callithrix flaviceps did not have reports. All regions of the country had occurrences, mainly the Southeast, where 54% of the cases were reported. In 46% of the reported parasites and viruses, it was not possible to identify the corresponding species. CONCLUSION We conclude that in part of the works the identification methods are not being specific, which makes it difficult to identify the species that affects Callithrix spp. Furthermore, the studies present geographic disparities, being concentrated in the southeast of the country, making it impossible to have a more uniform analysis of the findings. Thus, it is observed that information about parasites and viruses is incipient in the genus Callithrix in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Souza Dias
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Parasitária, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Tropical Entomology and Parasitology, Federal University of Sergipe, Avenue Marechal Rondon, S/N, Jardim Rosa Elze, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49100-000, Brazil.
| | - Raone Beltrão-Mendes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Taynar Lima Bezerra
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal nos Trópicos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Roseli La Corte
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Parasitária, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
- Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
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Oliveira AR, Ritter JM, Santos DO, Lucena FP, Carvalho TP, Moreira LGA, Vasconcelos IM, Costa FB, Paixão TA, Santos RL. Prevalence of Platynosomum spp infection and its association with biliary lithiasis and secondary bacterial infections in free-ranging marmosets (Callithrix spp) of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. J Comp Pathol 2023; 200:59-66. [PMID: 36652777 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2022.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Platynosomosis is a parasitic disease caused by a trematode of the genus Platynosomum, a bile duct and gallbladder fluke that has been described in captive neotropical primates (New World primates; NWPs) and causes high morbidity and variable mortality. Although it is a major concern for ex-situ conservation of these animals, there are only a few studies of platynosomosis in free-ranging NWPs. Therefore, the aim of this study was to characterize platynosomosis in a free-ranging population of marmosets (Callithrix spp) from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, focusing on the epidemiological and pathological aspects of the disease. A total of 1,001 marmosets were evaluated and on the basis of clinicoepidemiological data, histopathology, histochemistry and immunohistochemistry, we concluded that Platynosomum spp infection has a prevalence of 8.9% (confidence interval: 7.3-10.8%) in free-ranging marmosets, with a higher frequency in the Metropolitan Region of Rio de Janeiro. Infection was associated with fibrosing and proliferative cholangiohepatitis associated with biliary lithiasis (3.0% of cases) and secondary bacterial infections (14.6% of cases).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayisa R Oliveira
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Jana M Ritter
- Infectious Diseases Pathology Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Daniel O Santos
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fabiana P Lucena
- Setor de Anatomia Patológica, Instituto Municipal de Medicina Veterinária Jorge Vaistman, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Thaynara P Carvalho
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Larissa G A Moreira
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Izabela Ma Vasconcelos
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fabíola B Costa
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Tatiane A Paixão
- Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Renato L Santos
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Pinto HA, Cruz OMS, López-Hernández D, Mati VLT, Martins NRS. Acute infection with Platynosomum illiciens (Trematoda: Dicrocoeliidae) as a clinically relevant and potentially fatal disease in Falco sparverius (Aves: Falconidae) in Brazil. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2022; 31:100726. [PMID: 35569908 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2022.100726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Platynosomum illiciens is a dicrocoeliid trematode from the biliary tract of warm-blooded vertebrates (felines, primates, marsupials, and birds) reported in different parts of the world. Although the veterinary relevance of platynosomosis in mammals, especially in domestic felines, has been increasingly evidenced in the scientific literature, studies involving avian disease caused by P. illiciens are comparatively scarce. In the present study, a female specimen of the American kestrel, Falco sparverius L., found dead, in November 2019, in Brazil, was necropsied. Parietal biliary effusion in the celomatic cavity was observed, suggesting biliary transudation and gallbladder stasis, which possibily preceded the distension and rupture of gallbladder noted during necropsy. In the microscopic analysis of the bile content, small trematodes were found and characterized as immature stages of Platynosomum after the morphological study. Partial sequences of the cox-1 gene enabled the identification of P. illiciens, with 100% similarity with previously sequenced sympatric isolates from mammals. The finding of immature specimens in a ruptured gallbladder strongly suggests a role for the parasite in biliary flow dysfunction, indicating acute platynosomosis as a clinically relevant and potentially fatal condition that has not yet been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hudson A Pinto
- Laboratório de Biologia de Trematoda, Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, P.O. Box 486, 30123-970 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Olivia M S Cruz
- Laboratório de Biologia de Trematoda, Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, P.O. Box 486, 30123-970 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Danimar López-Hernández
- Laboratório de Biologia de Trematoda, Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, P.O. Box 486, 30123-970 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vitor L T Mati
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Nelson R S Martins
- Laboratório de Doenças das Aves, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Rondón S, Cavallero S, Renzi E, Link A, González C, D’Amelio S. Parasites of Free-Ranging and Captive American Primates: A Systematic Review. Microorganisms 2021; 9:2546. [PMID: 34946149 PMCID: PMC8706906 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9122546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The diversity, spread, and evolution of parasites in non-human primates (NHPs) is a relevant issue for human public health as well as for NHPs conservation. Although previous reviews have recorded information on parasites in NHPs (Platyrrhines) in the Americas, the increasing number of recent studies has made these inventories far from complete. Here, we summarize information about parasites recently reported in Platyrrhines, attempting to build on earlier reviews and identify information gaps. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, ISI Web of Science, and Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS), and following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Ninety-three studies were included after the screening process. Records for 20 genera of NHPs, including 90 species were found. Most of the studies were conducted on captive individuals (54.1%), and morphological approaches were the most used for parasite identification. The most commonly collected biological samples were blood and stool, and Protozoa was the most frequent parasite group found. There is still scarce (if any) information on the parasites associated to several Platyrrhine species, especially for free-ranging populations. The use of molecular identification methods can provide important contributions to the field of NHPs parasitology in the near future. Finally, the identification of parasites in NHPs populations will continue to provide relevant information in the context of pervasive habitat loss and fragmentation that should influence both human public health and wildlife conservation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Rondón
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (S.C.); (E.R.); (S.D.)
| | - Serena Cavallero
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (S.C.); (E.R.); (S.D.)
| | - Erika Renzi
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (S.C.); (E.R.); (S.D.)
| | - Andrés Link
- Laboratorio de Ecología de Bosques Tropicales y Primatología, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Los Andes, Cra. 1 N° 18a-12, Bogotá 111711, Colombia;
| | - Camila González
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Tropical, CIMPAT, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de los Andes, Cra. 1 N° 18a-12, Bogotá 111711, Colombia;
| | - Stefano D’Amelio
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (S.C.); (E.R.); (S.D.)
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Assis RCPD, Campos DR, Borges DA, Avelar BRD, Pereira JASDM, Matias CAR, Lopes CWG, McIntosh D, Scott FB. Platynosomum illiciens (Trematoda: Dicrocoeliidae) in a hybrid marmoset (Callithrix sp.) in the Municipality of Seropédica, RJ, Brazil - Case report. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 30:e026020. [PMID: 34076054 DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612021012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Platynosomum illiciens is a liver trematode encountered infecting mainly felids although it has also been reported in birds and in additional mammalian species, including non-human primates. The current study reports a natural P. illiciens infection primate of the genus Callithrix. The diagnosis was made using a combination of copro-parasitological techniques, morphological evaluation of adult specimens recovered from the liver during necropsy, and molecular analyses. Eggs were brown in color, oval, operculated, and contained a miracidium. Adult specimens recovered during necropsy were measured and showed dimensions compatible with P. illiciens. Molecular characterization of the trematode involved amplification by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), in combination with nucleotide sequencing, of an approximately 900 base pairs fragment corresponding to 18S-ITS1-5.8S ribosomal DNA. Sequenced amplicons showed 100% nucleotide identity with sequences deposited in the GenBank database as derived from specimens of P. illiciens recovered from cats in Malaysia and Brazil. It was concluded that the morphological and molecular analyses presented herein, confirmed the identification of the trematode recovered as P. illiciens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayane Christine Pereira de Assis
- Laboratório de Quimioterapia Experimental em Parasitologia Veterinária, Departamento de Parasitologia Animal, Instituto de Veterinária - IV, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro - UFRRJ, Seropédica, Campus Seropédica, RJ, Brasil
| | - Diefrey Ribeiro Campos
- Laboratório de Quimioterapia Experimental em Parasitologia Veterinária, Departamento de Parasitologia Animal, Instituto de Veterinária - IV, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro - UFRRJ, Seropédica, Campus Seropédica, RJ, Brasil
| | - Debora Azevedo Borges
- Laboratório de Quimioterapia Experimental em Parasitologia Veterinária, Departamento de Parasitologia Animal, Instituto de Veterinária - IV, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro - UFRRJ, Seropédica, Campus Seropédica, RJ, Brasil
| | - Barbara Rauta de Avelar
- Laboratório de Quimioterapia Experimental em Parasitologia Veterinária, Departamento de Parasitologia Animal, Instituto de Veterinária - IV, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro - UFRRJ, Seropédica, Campus Seropédica, RJ, Brasil
| | - Julia Aline Santos de Mello Pereira
- Departamento de Epidemiologia e Saúde Pública, Instituto de Veterinária - IV, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro -UFRRJ, Seropédica, Seropédica, RJ, Brasil
| | - Carlos Alexandre Rey Matias
- Departamento de Epidemiologia e Saúde Pública, Instituto de Veterinária - IV, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro -UFRRJ, Seropédica, Seropédica, RJ, Brasil
| | - Carlos Wilson Gomes Lopes
- Departamento de Parasitologia Animal, Instituto de Veterinária - IV, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro - UFRRJ, Seropédica, Seropédica, RJ, Brasil
| | - Douglas McIntosh
- Departamento de Parasitologia Animal, Instituto de Veterinária - IV, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro - UFRRJ, Seropédica, Seropédica, RJ, Brasil
| | - Fabio Barbour Scott
- Laboratório de Quimioterapia Experimental em Parasitologia Veterinária, Departamento de Parasitologia Animal, Instituto de Veterinária - IV, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro - UFRRJ, Seropédica, Campus Seropédica, RJ, Brasil
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Pereira WLA, Conga DMF, da Silva KSM, da Silva RJ, Imbeloni AA. Anatomopathological lesions of infection caused by Platynosomum illiciens (Braun, 1901) in Neotropical primates kept in captivity. J Med Primatol 2020; 50:82-85. [PMID: 33205447 DOI: 10.1111/jmp.12504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
This study described the hepatobiliary anatomopathological lesions associated with trematode Platynosomum illiciens parasitism in Neotropical primates kept in captivity. In the evaluated organs, we observed portal fibrosis, biliary epithelial hyperplasia, and inflammatory reaction with a predominance of lymphocytes and plasmocytes, and in some cases infiltration of eosinophils and neutrophils.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David Marcial Fernandez Conga
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Produção Animal na Amazônia, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia (UFRA), Belém, Brazil
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Mati VLT, Pinto HA, de Melo AL. Treatment of primate platynosomosis: A word of caution about the use of praziquantel in marmosets. J Med Primatol 2020; 50:60-66. [PMID: 33186482 DOI: 10.1111/jmp.12503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The successive reports of Platynosomum illiciens in Neotropical captive primates have increased interest in platynosomosis; however, its treatment is little known. METHODS Callithrix penicillata (n = 10) naturally and chronically infected with P. illiciens were treated with praziquantel (25 mg/kg BW, three s.c. doses at 24 hours intervals), and coproparasitological tests performed over 67 days. The proportions of primates with a reduction in fecal egg counts (FEC) or negative results progressively increased after treatment, and at the last fecal tests, marmosets were negative. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Although all primates tolerated the initial days of study well, 40% (4/10) of them died between the 8th and 16th days after the onset of treatment. Clinical signs and necropsies indicated the occurrence of hepatic involvement, biliary obstruction, and cholangitis. Marmosets with a higher previous FEC were more likely to die after treatment. Use of praziquantel should be considered carefully on a case-by-case basis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hudson Alves Pinto
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Alan Lane de Melo
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Achatz TJ, Cleveland DW, Carrión Bonilla C, Cronin L, Tkach VV. New dicrocoeliid digeneans from mammals in Ecuador including a highly genetically divergent new genus from an ancient marsupial lineage. Parasitol Int 2020; 78:102138. [PMID: 32428659 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2020.102138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The Dicrocoeliidae is a highly diverse and broadly distributed family of digeneans typically parasitic in the gall bladder and liver of their tetrapod hosts. So far, no study has reported dicrocoeliids, or any digeneans, from the ancient marsupial family Caenolestidae. Herein, we describe a new genus of dicrocoeliids (Otongatrema n. gen.) from Tate's shrew opossum Caenolestes fuliginosus and a new species of Metadelphis (Metadelphis cesartapiai n. sp.) from a phyllostomid bat Anoura peruana collected in Ecuador. Otongatrema can be readily distinguished from the morphologically closest dicrocoeliid genera Concinnum, Conspicuum and Canaania based on the position of the genital pore, distribution/position of the uterus and extent of vitellarium. Metadelphis cesartapiai can be easily differentiated from other Metadelphis spp. based on a combination of morphological characters including body shape and size, distribution of vitellarium, shape of the gonads as well as size of suckers and cirrus sac. In addition, we used newly generated partial sequences of the nuclear 28S rRNA gene and mitochondrial cox1 genes to examine phylogenetic affinities of the new taxa within the Dicrocoeliidae. Both the 28S and cox1 phylogenies confidently positioned Otongatrema as a sister/basal group to all other dicrocoeliids sequenced so far. The phylogenetic position of Otongatrema may be explained by a close co-evolutionary relationship with Caenolestidae, one of the most basal and most ancient groups of marsupials. In addition, our 28S phylogeny provides evidence that the complete or partial loss of intestinal structures has likely occurred independently at least 3 times in the evolutionary history of the Dicrocoeliidae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler J Achatz
- Department of Biology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202-9019, USA.
| | - Dawn W Cleveland
- Department of Biology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202-9019, USA.
| | - Carlos Carrión Bonilla
- Zoological Museum, School of Biological Sciences, Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador.
| | - Lawrence Cronin
- Department of Biology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202-9019, USA
| | - Vasyl V Tkach
- Department of Biology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202-9019, USA.
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Sobral MCGDO, Sousa SAP, Ribeiro TMP, Galvão SR, Santos RM, Silva RAD, Reis TS, Dias FEF, Santos HD. Infection by Platynosomum illiciens (= P. fastosum) in domestic cats of Araguaína, Tocantins, northern Brazil. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PARASITOLOGIA VETERINARIA 2019; 28:786-789. [DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612019070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Platynosomiasis is a hepatopathy caused by Platynosomum illiciens(= P. fastosum) (Trematoda: Dicrocoelidae), which occurs mainly in domestic and wild cats in tropical and subtropical areas. The objective of this study was to verify the occurrence of P. illiciens infection in domestic cats in the city of Araguaína, Tocantins, Brazil, using necropsy and coproparasitological tests. Additionally, we aimed to evaluate the use of two different techniques to diagnose P. illiciens infection in domestic cats and verify whether this parasitism was associated with individual feline characteristics. For this, 54 cats of different ages were analyzed. The percentage of infection was 33.3% (CI = 21.1-47.5%), parasite load was 9-509, mean intensity was 151.7, and mean abundance was 50.5 trematodes per animal. The risk of infection was higher for females than for males (OR = 5.00; P = 0.017). The spontaneous sedimentation coproparasitological test demonstrated the greatest sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing P. illiciens. This study is the first to report the occurrence of P. illiciens in cats in the state of Tocantins, northern Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Helcileia Dias Santos
- Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Brasil; Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Brasil
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Hildebrand J, Pyrka E, Sitko J, Jeżewski W, Zaleśny G, Tkach VV, Laskowski Z. Molecular phylogeny provides new insights on the taxonomy and composition of Lyperosomum Looss, 1899 (Digenea, Dicrocoeliidae) and related genera. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY-PARASITES AND WILDLIFE 2019; 9:90-99. [PMID: 31011531 PMCID: PMC6463552 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2019.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Lyperosomum Looss, 1899 is one of the largest genera of the Dicrocoeliidae and is one of the best examples of the systematic complexity and taxonomic instability within this family. We present the molecular analyses based on novel sequences of nuclear and mitochondrial genes obtained from 56 isolates of adult flukes and larval stages of dicrocoeliids belonging to Lyperosomum, Skrjabinus, Zonorchis as well as previously available sequence data. According to obtained results we propose to return Zonorchis clathratus and Z. petiolatus into Lyperosomum, and to recognize L. alagesi as a synonym of L. petiolatum. Our study shows that L. petiolatum commonly occurs in Europe in corvids as well as in several species of migratory songbirds, e.g. Sylvia atricapilla. At the same time, the Turdidae appear to host a distinct species of Lyperosomum. The phylogenetic analysis has clearly demonstrated the paraphylepic nature of Lyperosomum and indicated the need of its thorough revision preferably using specimens from type hosts and type territories of nominal species. In addition, inclusion of numerous not yet sequenced dicrocoeliid genera into future phylogenetic studies is necessary to clarify the interrelationships of taxa within the family and stabilize its system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Hildebrand
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Wrocław, Przybyszewskiego 63, 51-148, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Ewa Pyrka
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Wrocław, Przybyszewskiego 63, 51-148, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jiljí Sitko
- Comenius Museum, Horní námĕsti 7, 750 11, Přerov, Czech Republic
| | - Witold Jeżewski
- Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Science, Twarda 51/55, 00-818, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Zaleśny
- Department of Systematic and Ecology of Invertebrates, Institute of Biology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Kożuchowska 5b, 51-631, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Vasyl V Tkach
- Department of Biology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, 58202, USA
| | - Zdzisław Laskowski
- Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Science, Twarda 51/55, 00-818, Warszawa, Poland
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Pinto HA, Pulido-Murillo EA, Braga RR, Mati VLT, Melo AL, Tkach VV. DNA sequences confirm low specificity to definitive host and wide distribution of the cat pathogen Platynosomum illiciens (= P. fastosum) (Trematoda: Dicrocoeliidae). Parasitol Res 2018; 117:1975-1978. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-018-5866-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Díaz-Delgado J, Sanches T, dos Santos-Cirqueira C, Coimbra A, Guerra J, Joppert A, Di Loretto C, Rizardi M, Sansone M, Nagamori F, Gonçalves P, Ressio R, Iglezias S, Fernandes N, Kanamura C, Groch K, Catão-Dias J. Hepatocellular carcinoma in a free-living marmoset (Callithrixsp.) with concomitant biliary trematodiasis. J Med Primatol 2017; 47:128-131. [DOI: 10.1111/jmp.12329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Díaz-Delgado
- Departamento de Patologia; Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia; Universidade de São Paulo; São Paulo SP Brasil
- Centro de Patologia; Instituto Adolfo Lutz (IAL); São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - T. C. Sanches
- Divisão Técnica de Medicina Veterinária e Manejo da Fauna Silvestre (DEPAVE-3); São Paulo SP Brazil
| | | | - A. A. C. Coimbra
- Divisão Técnica de Medicina Veterinária e Manejo da Fauna Silvestre (DEPAVE-3); São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - J. M. Guerra
- Centro de Patologia; Instituto Adolfo Lutz (IAL); São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - A. Joppert
- Divisão Técnica de Medicina Veterinária e Manejo da Fauna Silvestre (DEPAVE-3); São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - C. Di Loretto
- Centro de Patologia; Instituto Adolfo Lutz (IAL); São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - M. B. Rizardi
- Divisão Técnica de Medicina Veterinária e Manejo da Fauna Silvestre (DEPAVE-3); São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - M. Sansone
- Centro de Patologia; Instituto Adolfo Lutz (IAL); São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - F. O. Nagamori
- Centro de Patologia; Instituto Adolfo Lutz (IAL); São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - P. S. Gonçalves
- Centro de Patologia; Instituto Adolfo Lutz (IAL); São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - R. Ressio
- Centro de Patologia; Instituto Adolfo Lutz (IAL); São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - S. Iglezias
- Centro de Patologia; Instituto Adolfo Lutz (IAL); São Paulo SP Brazil
| | | | - C. Kanamura
- Centro de Patologia; Instituto Adolfo Lutz (IAL); São Paulo SP Brazil
| | - K. R. Groch
- Departamento de Patologia; Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia; Universidade de São Paulo; São Paulo SP Brasil
| | - J. L. Catão-Dias
- Departamento de Patologia; Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia; Universidade de São Paulo; São Paulo SP Brasil
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