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Garrett K, Buchta I, Cleveland CA, Holley A, Sapp SG, Yabsley M. Prevalence of Baylisascaris procyonis in wild rodents in central Georgia, USA. One Health 2024; 18:100742. [PMID: 38711480 PMCID: PMC11070622 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Raccoon roundworm, Baylisascaris procyonis, is a zoonotic parasite of raccoons (Procyon lotor) that needs a One Health approach to better inform risks to human and animal health. The few studies on B. procyonis in wild rodents have primarily focused on white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus). This study aimed to determine the prevalence and rodent host range of B. procyonis in Georgia (USA) and investigate differences in prevalence at urban/fragmented sites and rural/agriculture sites. We sampled 99 rodents of five species. Larvae were recovered from seven of 78 (9.0%) white-footed mice with a mean of 4.4 larvae (range 1-12). One mouse had a single larva in the brain. Prevalence was not different between urban and rural sites. This report extends the geographic range of this parasite and confirms that rodents serve as paratenic hosts in the southern range. Therefore, baylisascariasis should be considered a differential for neurologic domestic animals, wildlife, or people in this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayla Garrett
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States of America
- Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States of America
| | - Ian Buchta
- Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, United States of America
| | - Christopher A. Cleveland
- Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States of America
- Center for Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States of America
| | - Amanda Holley
- Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States of America
| | - Sarah G.H. Sapp
- Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States of America
| | - Michael Yabsley
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States of America
- Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States of America
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Owen C, Fader KA, Hassanein M. Western blotting: evolution of an old analytical method to a new quantitative tool for biomarker measurements. Bioanalysis 2024; 16:319-328. [PMID: 38348662 DOI: 10.4155/bio-2023-0212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Western blotting (WB) is a widely used laboratory technique for detecting specific proteins in biological matrices. Recent advances in antibody production, automation, gel and membrane manufacturing and highly sensitive detection platforms have transformed WB from a labor-intensive and qualitative method into a highly reproducible and quantitative assay suitable for biomarker detection. Despite these significant improvements in the capabilities and efficiency of WB, there remain challenges that hinder its widespread application as a research, diagnostic (in two-tiered assays like Lyme disease testing) and drug development tool. This article describes recent innovations introduced to WB methodology and the remaining challenges that prevent its wider adoption for biomarker measurements throughout the drug development process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Owen
- Early Clinical Development, Precision Medicine, Pfizer Inc., 445 Eastern Point Rd, Groton, CT 06340, USA
| | - Kelly A Fader
- Early Clinical Development, Precision Medicine, Pfizer Inc., 445 Eastern Point Rd, Groton, CT 06340, USA
| | - Mohamed Hassanein
- Early Clinical Development, Precision Medicine, Pfizer Inc., 1 Portland St, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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