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Halley MA, Stilwell JM, Comolli JR, Wilkinson SL, Reavill DR, Divers S, Mayer J, Rissi DR. Mandibular squamous cell carcinoma in 2 psittacines. J Vet Diagn Invest 2020; 32:344-347. [PMID: 32081087 DOI: 10.1177/1040638720906451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A unilateral, malformed gnathotheca in a green-winged macaw (Ara chloropterus) was managed for 16 mo with periodic beak trims. Biopsy of the affected beak did not identify an underlying cause; however, at postmortem examination, a densely cellular neoplasm invaded the mandible from the beak, dissecting and effacing the cortex and trabecular bone and inciting periosteal proliferation. There was no evidence of metastasis. Neoplastic cells were strongly immunopositive for cytokeratin AE1/AE3, consistent with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). A black-headed caique (Pionites melanocephalus) was presented with a similar clinical history, timeline, and gross appearance. Biopsy of the mandibular portion of the lesion resulted in a diagnosis of SCC. Medical management with toceranib at a palliative dose resulted in adverse side effects and was discontinued. Early diagnosis of mandibular SCC may allow for early intervention and development of treatment modalities. Our 2 cases suggest that the mandibular bone, not the beak, may be a preferred biopsy site in the diagnosis of mandibular SCC in psittacines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan A Halley
- Food Safety and Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Augusta, GA (Halley).,Departments of Pathology (Stilwell, Rissi), University of Georgia, College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, GA.,Small Animal Medicine and Surgery (Comolli, Divers, Mayer), University of Georgia, College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, GA.,Avian and Exotic Animal Hospital of Georgia, Pooler, GA (Wilkinson).,Zoo/Exotic Pathology Service, Carmichael, CA (Reavill)
| | - Justin M Stilwell
- Food Safety and Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Augusta, GA (Halley).,Departments of Pathology (Stilwell, Rissi), University of Georgia, College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, GA.,Small Animal Medicine and Surgery (Comolli, Divers, Mayer), University of Georgia, College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, GA.,Avian and Exotic Animal Hospital of Georgia, Pooler, GA (Wilkinson).,Zoo/Exotic Pathology Service, Carmichael, CA (Reavill)
| | - Jessica R Comolli
- Food Safety and Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Augusta, GA (Halley).,Departments of Pathology (Stilwell, Rissi), University of Georgia, College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, GA.,Small Animal Medicine and Surgery (Comolli, Divers, Mayer), University of Georgia, College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, GA.,Avian and Exotic Animal Hospital of Georgia, Pooler, GA (Wilkinson).,Zoo/Exotic Pathology Service, Carmichael, CA (Reavill)
| | - Stacey L Wilkinson
- Food Safety and Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Augusta, GA (Halley).,Departments of Pathology (Stilwell, Rissi), University of Georgia, College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, GA.,Small Animal Medicine and Surgery (Comolli, Divers, Mayer), University of Georgia, College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, GA.,Avian and Exotic Animal Hospital of Georgia, Pooler, GA (Wilkinson).,Zoo/Exotic Pathology Service, Carmichael, CA (Reavill)
| | - Drury R Reavill
- Food Safety and Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Augusta, GA (Halley).,Departments of Pathology (Stilwell, Rissi), University of Georgia, College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, GA.,Small Animal Medicine and Surgery (Comolli, Divers, Mayer), University of Georgia, College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, GA.,Avian and Exotic Animal Hospital of Georgia, Pooler, GA (Wilkinson).,Zoo/Exotic Pathology Service, Carmichael, CA (Reavill)
| | - Stephen Divers
- Food Safety and Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Augusta, GA (Halley).,Departments of Pathology (Stilwell, Rissi), University of Georgia, College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, GA.,Small Animal Medicine and Surgery (Comolli, Divers, Mayer), University of Georgia, College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, GA.,Avian and Exotic Animal Hospital of Georgia, Pooler, GA (Wilkinson).,Zoo/Exotic Pathology Service, Carmichael, CA (Reavill)
| | - Joerg Mayer
- Food Safety and Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Augusta, GA (Halley).,Departments of Pathology (Stilwell, Rissi), University of Georgia, College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, GA.,Small Animal Medicine and Surgery (Comolli, Divers, Mayer), University of Georgia, College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, GA.,Avian and Exotic Animal Hospital of Georgia, Pooler, GA (Wilkinson).,Zoo/Exotic Pathology Service, Carmichael, CA (Reavill)
| | - Daniel R Rissi
- Food Safety and Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Augusta, GA (Halley).,Departments of Pathology (Stilwell, Rissi), University of Georgia, College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, GA.,Small Animal Medicine and Surgery (Comolli, Divers, Mayer), University of Georgia, College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, GA.,Avian and Exotic Animal Hospital of Georgia, Pooler, GA (Wilkinson).,Zoo/Exotic Pathology Service, Carmichael, CA (Reavill)
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Robat CS, Ammersbach M, Mans C. Avian Oncology: Diseases, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics. Vet Clin North Am Exot Anim Pract 2017; 20:57-86. [PMID: 27890293 DOI: 10.1016/j.cvex.2016.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Companion birds are increasingly living longer due to improved husbandry, nutrition, and veterinary care. As a consequence, a growing number of geriatric disease conditions are diagnosed and managed by veterinarians. Awareness of bird owners of diagnostic and treatment options for neoplastic diseases in humans and domestic animals has led to increasing demand to provide advanced diagnostic and treatment modalities for companion birds diagnosed with neoplasia. Treatment remains challenging in many companion birds due to the lack of information regarding prognosis and efficacy of antineoplastic treatments in these species. There is no established standard of care for most tumors in companion birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia S Robat
- Veterinary Emergency Service, Veterinary Specialty Center, 1612 North High Point Road, Middleton, WI 53562, USA.
| | - Melanie Ammersbach
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Building 89, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Christoph Mans
- Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2015 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
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Watson VE, Murdock JH, Cazzini P, Schnellbacher R, Divers SJ, Sakamoto K. Retrobulbar adenocarcinoma in an Amazon parrot (Amazona autumnalis). J Vet Diagn Invest 2013; 25:273-6. [DOI: 10.1177/1040638712474817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Retrobulbar neoplasms are not common in mammals and are even more infrequently seen in nonmammalian species. The current report describes a retrobulbar mass creating exophthalmia and neurologic signs in a red-lored Amazon parrot ( Amazona autumnalis). A 27-year-old female parrot presented for a 3-day history of anorexia and a 2-week history of periocular soft tissue swelling and exophthalmia of the right eye. Physical examination revealed 9% dehydration and right eye exophthalmia with inability to retropulse the globe. A fine-needle aspirate was performed, and cytologic evaluation revealed necrotic debris with scattered clusters of epithelial cells, moderate numbers of macrophages, and few heterophils. Given the possibility of neoplasia and paucity of treatment options, the owners elected euthanasia and submitted the body for necropsy. A large, fluctuant, friable, red, retrobulbar mass with multiple areas of hemorrhage, on cut surface, was noted at necropsy. Histologically, the mass was composed of neoplastic, cuboidal to columnar epithelial cells, forming rosette-like glandular structures, admixed with abundant necrotic debris. The neoplastic cells were strongly positive for cytokeratin (AE1/AE3) by immunohistochemistry. Based on histopathology and immunohistochemistry, the mass was diagnosed as an adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria E. Watson
- Departments of Pathology (Watson, Murdock, Cazzini, Sakamoto), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
- Small Animal Medicine and Surgery (Schnellbacher, Divers), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Jessica H. Murdock
- Departments of Pathology (Watson, Murdock, Cazzini, Sakamoto), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
- Small Animal Medicine and Surgery (Schnellbacher, Divers), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Paola Cazzini
- Departments of Pathology (Watson, Murdock, Cazzini, Sakamoto), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
- Small Animal Medicine and Surgery (Schnellbacher, Divers), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Rodney Schnellbacher
- Departments of Pathology (Watson, Murdock, Cazzini, Sakamoto), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
- Small Animal Medicine and Surgery (Schnellbacher, Divers), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Stephen J. Divers
- Departments of Pathology (Watson, Murdock, Cazzini, Sakamoto), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
- Small Animal Medicine and Surgery (Schnellbacher, Divers), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Kaori Sakamoto
- Departments of Pathology (Watson, Murdock, Cazzini, Sakamoto), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
- Small Animal Medicine and Surgery (Schnellbacher, Divers), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
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