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Mancero EJ, Valle CA, Rowe JW, Moore JA, Clark DL. Sexual Selection in San Cristóbal Lava Lizards (Microlophus bivittatus): A Test of Male Body Size Using Lizard Robots. HERPETOLOGICA 2022. [DOI: 10.1655/herpetologica-d-20-00058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emilio J. Mancero
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales COCIBA, Campus Cumbayá, Avenida Diego de Robles S/N e Interoceánica, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Carlos A. Valle
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales COCIBA, Campus Cumbayá, Avenida Diego de Robles S/N e Interoceánica, Quito, Ecuador
| | - John W. Rowe
- Department of Biology, Alma College, Alma, MI 48801, USA
| | - Jennifer A. Moore
- Biology Department, Grand Valley State University, Allendale, MI 49401, USA
| | - David L. Clark
- Department of Biology, Alma College, Alma, MI 48801, USA
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2
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Gaudenti N, Nix E, Maier P, Westphal MF, Taylor EN. Habitat heterogeneity affects the thermal ecology of an endangered lizard. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:14843-14856. [PMID: 34765145 PMCID: PMC8571645 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Global climate change is already contributing to the extirpation of numerous species worldwide, and sensitive species will continue to face challenges associated with rising temperatures throughout this century and beyond. It is especially important to evaluate the thermal ecology of endangered ectotherm species now so that mitigation measures can be taken as early as possible. A recent study of the thermal ecology of the federally endangered Blunt-nosed Leopard Lizard (Gambelia sila) suggested that they face major activity restrictions due to thermal constraints in their desert habitat, but that large shade-providing shrubs act as thermal buffers to allow them to maintain surface activity without overheating. We replicated this study and also included a population of G. sila with no access to large shrubs to facilitate comparison of the thermal ecology of G. sila populations in shrubless and shrubbed sites. We found that G. sila without access to shrubs spent more time sheltering inside rodent burrows than lizards with access to shrubs, especially during the hot summer months. Lizards from a shrubbed site had higher midday body temperatures and therefore poorer thermoregulatory accuracy than G. sila from a shrubless site, suggesting that greater surface activity may represent a thermoregulatory trade-off for G. sila. Lizards at both sites are currently constrained from using open, sunny microhabitats for much of the day during their short active seasons, and our projections suggest that climate change will exacerbate these restrictions and force G. sila to use rodent burrows for shelter even more than they do now, especially at sites without access to shrubs. The continued management of shrubs and of burrowing rodents at G. sila sites is therefore essential to the survival of this endangered species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Gaudenti
- Biological Sciences DepartmentCalifornia Polytechnic State UniversitySan Luis ObispoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Emmeleia Nix
- Central Coast Field OfficeUS Bureau of Land ManagementMarinaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Paul Maier
- Biological Sciences DepartmentCalifornia Polytechnic State UniversitySan Luis ObispoCaliforniaUSA
| | | | - Emily N. Taylor
- Biological Sciences DepartmentCalifornia Polytechnic State UniversitySan Luis ObispoCaliforniaUSA
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3
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Baird TA, York JR. Does courtship behavior predict parentage in Collared Lizards? Influence of male social status and habitat structure. Evol Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10682-021-10136-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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4
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Rigaill L, Garcia C. Does male mate choice select for female coloration in a promiscuous primate species? Anim Behav 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2021.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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5
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Fox SF, Rodríguez-Romero FDJ, Crosby AA. Juvenile-juvenile social signalling: a case for precocial sexual selection in the collared lizard, Crotaphytus collaris (Squamata: Crotaphytidae)? Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blaa045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Sexual selection is widespread in animals, but quite naturally studied in adults. Juvenile males in most animals are not differentiated from females and coloration is usually drab. However, there is no reason to suspect that sexual differences cannot develop before puberty, influence social interactions, and then have fitness pay-offs later in life. Juvenile collared lizards (Crotaphytus collaris (Say, 1822)) show marked dichromatism: males develop bright dorsolateral orange bars whereas females do not. These juvenile orange bars (JOB) disappear at sexual maturity, when males develop different colour traits maintained by sexual selection. We conducted field experiments with juvenile males on their developing territories in which we utilized staged intruders of juvenile males (with JOB) and juvenile females (lacking JOB) and also juvenile male intruders whose JOB were manipulated. Residents reacted significantly more aggressively toward males vs. females, and also toward males whose JOB were emphasized with paint than those whose JOB were masked by paint. These JOB are used in signalling among juveniles and we suggest the social relations established then are retained until sexual maturation the next spring (after the JOB are lost) to benefit males that previously displayed strong JOB by increased matings in the spring as sexually mature yearlings as per a phenomenon we call precocial sexual selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanley F Fox
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Felipe De Jesús Rodríguez-Romero
- Laboratorio de Sistemas Biosustentables, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, El Cerrillo Piedras Blancas, Toluca, Estado de México, México
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6
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Ogden HJP, de Boer RA, Devigili A, Reuland C, Kahrl AF, Fitzpatrick JL. Male mate choice for large gravid spots in a livebearing fish. Behav Ecol 2020; 31:63-72. [PMID: 32372853 PMCID: PMC7191251 DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arz156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Male mate choice occurs in a wide range of species, and males can increase their reproductive success by distinguishing between females based on their fecundity (e.g., large body size) or their expected sperm competition risk (e.g., virgins). However, patterns of male mate choice could be mitigated by variation in female physiological receptivity, as males can benefit by directing their mating efforts toward females that are at a point in their reproductive cycle when fertilization probability is highest. Here, we perform three experiments to assess whether male mate choice is influenced by cues of female physiological receptivity, fecundity, or sperm competition risk in the pygmy halfbeak (Dermogenys collettei), a small livebearing fish. Female halfbeaks possess a "gravid spot"-an orange abdominal marking that is caused by pigmentation of the females' skin and variation in embryo development and pigmentation during pregnancy. We show that gravid spot size increases toward parturition and is largest right before giving birth, independent of abdominal width or body size. Males consistently chose females with large gravid spots over females with small gravid spots. In contrast, males did not prefer larger females over smaller females or virgin females over mated females. As female halfbeaks store sperm prior to fertilizations, we suggest that males use the size of the gravid spot as a cue to direct their mating efforts to those females where the chance of fertilization is highest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah J P Ogden
- Department of Zoology: Ethology, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Raïssa A de Boer
- Department of Zoology: Ethology, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alessandro Devigili
- Department of Zoology: Ethology, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Charel Reuland
- Department of Zoology: Ethology, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ariel F Kahrl
- Department of Zoology: Ethology, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - John L Fitzpatrick
- Department of Zoology: Ethology, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg, Stockholm, Sweden
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7
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Rossi N, Benitez-Vieyra S, Cocucci A, Chiaraviglio M, Cardozo G. Sexual dichromatism and color diversity in the spiny lava lizard Tropidurus spinulosus using lizard visual modelling. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14270. [PMID: 31582783 PMCID: PMC6776660 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50712-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Colors are important vehicles for social signals in many taxa. In Squamata, previous studies have linked color characteristics and chromatic diversity to sexual selection and, particularly, species showing male-biased body size dimorphism also showed male-biased dichromatism and color diversity. Sexual dichromatism may occur in body regions used for conspecific communication and it may be expressed at wavelengths, such as ultraviolet, easily perceivable by conspecifics. We tested this prediction in a social lizard model, Tropidurus spinulosus, using spectrophotometry and visual modelling which enable colors to be interpreted as the individuals of the same taxon see them. Our results indicate that sexual dichromatism occurs in the ventral regions and the flanks, which are the body regions involved in sexual displays. Males show greater color diversity, having larger color volumes and more contrasting colors. These findings reinforce the idea that sexual selection towards males is coupled with the evolution of male-biased, diverse, coloration which could act as a signal in social reproductive contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Rossi
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Laboratorio de Biología del Comportamiento, Córdoba, Argentina. .,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA), Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - S Benitez-Vieyra
- Laboratorio de Ecología Evolutiva y Biología Floral, IMBIV-CONICET, FCEFyN, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - A Cocucci
- Laboratorio de Ecología Evolutiva y Biología Floral, IMBIV-CONICET, FCEFyN, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - M Chiaraviglio
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Laboratorio de Biología del Comportamiento, Córdoba, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - G Cardozo
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Laboratorio de Biología del Comportamiento, Córdoba, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA), Córdoba, Argentina
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8
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The redder the better? Information content of red skin coloration in female Japanese macaques. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-019-2712-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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9
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York JR, Baird TA. Sexual selection on female collared lizards favours offspring production with multiple males. Anim Behav 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2018.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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10
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Hare RM, Simmons LW. Sexual selection and its evolutionary consequences in female animals. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2018; 94:929-956. [DOI: 10.1111/brv.12484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Robin M. Hare
- Centre for Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, 6009 Australia
| | - Leigh W. Simmons
- Centre for Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, 6009 Australia
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11
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Robart AR, Sinervo B. Parental response to intruder females altered by ornamentation and mate quality in a biparental fish. Behav Ecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/ary028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ashley R Robart
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California-Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Barry Sinervo
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California-Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
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12
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Belliure J, Fresnillo B, Cuervo JJ. Male mate choice based on female coloration in a lizard: the role of a juvenile trait. Behav Ecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/ary005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Josabel Belliure
- Department of Life Sciences, Ecology Section, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Belén Fresnillo
- Department of Life Sciences, Ecology Section, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - José J Cuervo
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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13
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Clark DL, Macedonia JM, Rowe JW, Kamp K, Valle CA. Responses of Galápagos Lava Lizards (Microlophus bivittatus) to Manipulation of Female Nuptial Coloration on Lizard Robots. HERPETOLOGICA 2017. [DOI: 10.1655/herpetologica-d-16-00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David L. Clark
- Department of Biology, Alma College, Alma, MI 48801, USA
| | | | - John W. Rowe
- Department of Biology, Alma College, Alma, MI 48801, USA
| | - Kendall Kamp
- Department of Biology, Alma College, Alma, MI 48801, USA
| | - Carlos A. Valle
- Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Campus Cumbayá Av. Diego de Robles S/N e Interoceánica, Quito, Ecuador
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14
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Guimarães M, MunguÍa-Steyer R, Doherty PF, Sawaya RJ. No survival costs for sexually selected traits in a polygynous non-territorial lizard. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blx097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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15
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York JR, Baird TA. Sexual selection on male collared lizard (Crotaphytus collaris) display behaviour enhances offspring survivorship. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blx042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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16
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Engel KC, Stökl J, Schweizer R, Vogel H, Ayasse M, Ruther J, Steiger S. A hormone-related female anti-aphrodisiac signals temporary infertility and causes sexual abstinence to synchronize parental care. Nat Commun 2016; 7:11035. [PMID: 27002429 PMCID: PMC4804164 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The high energetic demand of parental care requires parents to direct their resources towards the support of existing offspring rather than investing into the production of additional young. However, how such a resource flow is channelled appropriately is poorly understood. In this study, we provide the first comprehensive analysis of the physiological mechanisms coordinating parental and mating effort in an insect exhibiting biparental care. We show a hormone-mediated infertility in female burying beetles during the time the current offspring is needy and report that this temporary infertility is communicated via a pheromone to the male partner, where it inhibits copulation. A shared pathway of hormone and pheromone system ensures the reliability of the anti-aphrodisiac. Female infertility and male sexual abstinence provide for the concerted investment of parental resources into the existing developing young. Our study thus contributes to our deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying adaptive parental decisions. Parents are faced with the dilemma whether to invest in their current offspring, or potential future young. Here, Engel et al. show that nutritionally-dependent young induce temporary infertility in female burying beetles, which in turn is signalled to the male partner via a hormone-related anti-aphrodisiac.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina C Engel
- Institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Genomics, University of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Johannes Stökl
- Institute of Zoology, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Rebecca Schweizer
- Institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Genomics, University of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Heiko Vogel
- Department of Entomology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Manfred Ayasse
- Institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Genomics, University of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Joachim Ruther
- Institute of Zoology, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sandra Steiger
- Institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Genomics, University of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
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17
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York JR, Baird TA. Testing the adaptive significance of sex-specific mating tactics in collared lizards (Crotaphytus collaris). Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/bij.12514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua R. York
- Department of Biology; University of Oklahoma; Norman OK 73019 USA
| | - Troy A. Baird
- Department of Biology; University of Central Oklahoma; Edmond OK 73034 USA
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18
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Marshall KLA, Stevens M. Wall lizards display conspicuous signals to conspecifics and reduce detection by avian predators. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 25:1325-1337. [PMID: 25419083 PMCID: PMC4235580 DOI: 10.1093/beheco/aru126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Revised: 06/14/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Visual signals are often under conflicting selection to be hidden from predators while being conspicuous to mates and rivals. Here, we investigated whether 3 different island populations of Aegean wall lizards (Podarcis erhardii) with variable coloration among diverse island habitats exhibit simultaneous camouflage and sexual signals. We examined whether signals appear better tuned to conspecific vision as opposed to that of avian predators, and whether background-matching camouflage and sexual signals are partitioned to specific body regions. This could facilitate both covert sexual signaling and camouflage according to the viewing perspectives of predators and conspecifics. We found that lizards typically appeared twice as conspicuous to conspecifics than to avian predators against the same visual background, largely due to lizards’ enhanced sensitivity to ultraviolet, suggesting that P. erhardii signals are tuned to conspecific vision to reduce detection by predators. Males were more conspicuous than females to both predators and conspecifics. In 2 populations, male backs were relatively more camouflaged to predators compared to signaling flanks, whereas in females, exposed and concealed surfaces were camouflaged to predators and generally did not differ in background matching. These findings indicate that lizard coloration evolves under the competing demands of natural and sexual selection to promote signals that are visible to conspecifics while being less perceptible to avian predators. They also elucidate how interactions between natural and sexual selection influence signal detectability and partitioning to different body regions, highlighting the importance of considering receiver vision, viewing perspectives, and signaling environments in studies of signal evolution. Lizards and their predators see the world differently, allowing lizards (Podarcis erhardii) to display bright sexual signals that are less visible to hunting birds. Males are more conspicuous than females, but reduce their visibility to predators by having camouflaged backs and restricting brighter signals to their sides, which makes them less visible to birds hunting from above while still being highly visible to mates and rivals on the ground.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martin Stevens
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter , Penryn Campus, Penryn, Cornwall, TR10 9FE , UK
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20
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Sources of variance in a female fertility signal: exaggerated estrous swellings in a natural population of baboons. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2014; 68:1109-1122. [PMID: 25089069 DOI: 10.1007/s00265-014-1722-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Signals of fertility in female animals are of increasing interest to evolutionary biologists, a development that coincides with increasing interest in male mate choice and the potential for female traits to evolve under sexual selection. We characterized variation in size of an exaggerated female fertility signal in baboons and investigated the sources of that variance. The number of sexual cycles that a female had experienced after her most recent pregnancy ("cycles since resumption") was the strongest predictor of swelling size. Furthermore, the relationship between cycles since resumption and swelling size was most evident during rainy periods and was not evident during times of drought. Finally, we found significant differences in swelling size between individual females; these differences endured across cycles (i.e., were not explained by variation within individuals) and persisted in spite of ecological effects. This study is the first to provide conclusive evidence of significant variation in swelling size between female primates (controlling for cycles since resumption) and to demonstrate that ecological constraints influence variation in this signal of fertility.
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Baird TA, Baird TD, Shine R. Showing Red: Male Coloration Signals Same-Sex Rivals in an Australian Water Dragon. HERPETOLOGICA 2013. [DOI: 10.1655/herpetologica-d-12-00079r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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22
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23
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Olsson M, Stuart-Fox D, Ballen C. Genetics and evolution of colour patterns in reptiles. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2013; 24:529-41. [PMID: 23578866 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2013.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The study of coloration in the polyphyletic reptilians has flourished in the last two decades, in particular with respect to the underlying genetics of colour traits, the function of colours in social interactions, and ongoing selection on these traits in the wild. The taxonomic bias, however, is profound: at this level of resolution almost all available information is for diurnal lizards. Therefore, we focus on case studies, for which there are as complete causal sequences of colour evolution as possible, from phenotypic expression of variation in colour, to ongoing selection in the wild. For work prior to 1992 and for a broader coverage of reptilian coloration we refer the readers to Cooper and Greenburg's (Biology of the Reptilia, 1992) review. There are seven major conclusions we would like to emphasise: (a) visual systems in diurnal lizards are broadly conserved but among the wider range of reptiles in general, there is functionally important variation in the number and type of photoreceptors, spectral tuning of photopigments and optical properties of the eye; (b) coloration in reptiles is a function of complex interactions between structural and pigmentary components, with implications for both proximate control and condition dependence of colour expression; (c) studies of colour-variable species have enabled estimates of heritability of colour and colour patterns, which often show a simple Mendelian pattern of inheritance; (d) colour-polymorphic lizard species sometimes, but not always, show striking differences in genetically encoded reproductive tactics and provide useful models for studying the evolution and maintenance of polymorphism; (e) both male and female colours are sometimes, but not always, a significant component of socio-sexual signalling, often based on multiple traits; (f) evidence for effects of hormones and condition on colour expression, and trade-offs with immunocompetence and parasite load, is variable; (g) lizards show fading of colours in response to physiological stress and ageing and are hence likely to be appropriate models for work on the interactions between handicaps, indicator traits, parasitology and immunoecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mats Olsson
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
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Baird TA. Male collared lizards,Crotaphytus collaris(Sauria: Crotaphytidae), signal females by broadcasting visual displays. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/bij.12003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Troy A. Baird
- Department of Biology; University of Central Oklahoma; 100 North University Drive Edmond OK 73034 USA
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25
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Tobias JA, Montgomerie R, Lyon BE. The evolution of female ornaments and weaponry: social selection, sexual selection and ecological competition. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2012; 367:2274-93. [PMID: 22777016 PMCID: PMC3391421 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2011.0280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 319] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ornaments, weapons and aggressive behaviours may evolve in female animals by mate choice and intrasexual competition for mating opportunities-the standard forms of sexual selection in males. However, a growing body of evidence suggests that selection tends to operate in different ways in males and females, with female traits more often mediating competition for ecological resources, rather than mate acquisition. Two main solutions have been proposed to accommodate this disparity. One is to expand the concept of sexual selection to include all mechanisms related to fecundity; another is to adopt an alternative conceptual framework-the theory of social selection-in which sexual selection is one component of a more general form of selection resulting from all social interactions. In this study, we summarize the history of the debate about female ornaments and weapons, and discuss potential resolutions. We review the components of fitness driving ornamentation in a wide range of systems, and show that selection often falls outside the limits of traditional sexual selection theory, particularly in females. We conclude that the evolution of these traits in both sexes is best understood within the unifying framework of social selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A Tobias
- Edward Grey Institute, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK.
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26
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Male and female interactions during courtship of the Neotropical damselfly Mnesarete pudica (Odonata: Calopterygidae). Acta Ethol 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10211-012-0122-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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27
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Galeotti P, Sacchi R, Pellitteri-Rosa D, Fasola M. The yellow cheek-patches of the Hermann's tortoise (Reptilia, Chelonia): Sexual dimorphism and relationship with body condition. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/11250003.2011.561260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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28
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Telemeco RS, Baird TA. Capital energy drives production of multiple clutches whereas income energy fuels growth in female collared lizards Crotaphytus collaris. OIKOS 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0706.2010.18809.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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29
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Galeotti P, Pellitteri-Rosa D, Sacchi R, Gentilli A, Pupin F, Rubolini D, Fasola M. Sex-, morph- and size-specific susceptibility to stress measured by haematological variables in captive common wall lizard Podarcis muralis. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2010; 157:354-63. [PMID: 20713170 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2010.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2010] [Revised: 07/29/2010] [Accepted: 08/03/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In polymorphic species of animals, colour morphs may show alternative physiological properties, and hence evolve or be maintained as an indirect response to selection exerted on these physiological attributes. In this study, we investigated if different colour morphs (white, red and yellow) of the polymorphic common wall lizard differed in their physiological responses to a long-term stress by determining variation between capture and release in leukocytes profiles, haemoparasite loads and body condition of male and females maintained in captivity throughout the breeding season. We found that most blood parameters of lizards varied significantly following captivity, and this variation was sex-, morph- and size-dependent. In particular, the heterophil:lymphocyte ratio (H:L), a sensitive measure of immunodepression and long-term stress, varied significantly among yellow females, larger individuals significantly increasing and smaller individuals decreasing their H:L ratio after captivity. This trend was reversed in red females, where smaller individuals presented raised H:L index at release. Our study indicated that response to long-term stressful conditions, such as those induced by captivity, differed among common wall lizard colour morphs, implying a sex-, size-(i.e. age) and morph-specific sensitivity to stress, and hence a different physiological profile of colour morphs, which may contribute to the maintenance of colour polymorphism in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Galeotti
- Laboratorio di Eco-Etologia, Dipartimento di Biologia Animale, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Via Ferrata 1, I-27100 Pavia, Italy.
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30
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Baird TA, Curtis JL. Context-dependent acquisition of territories by male collared lizards: the role of mortality. Behav Ecol 2010. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arq049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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31
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Chan R, Stuart-Fox D, Jessop TS. Why are females ornamented? A test of the courtship stimulation and courtship rejection hypotheses. Behav Ecol 2009. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arp136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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32
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ROBERTSON JEANNEMARIE, ROSENBLUM ERICABREE. Rapid divergence of social signal coloration across the White Sands ecotone for three lizard species under strong natural selection. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2009.01291.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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33
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Weiss SL, Kennedy EA, Bernhard JA. Female-specific ornamentation predicts offspring quality in the striped plateau lizard, Sceloporus virgatus. Behav Ecol 2009. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arp098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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34
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Jessop TS, Chan R, Stuart-Fox D. Sex steroid correlates of female-specific colouration, behaviour and reproductive state in Lake Eyre dragon lizards, Ctenophorus maculosus. J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol 2009; 195:619-30. [DOI: 10.1007/s00359-009-0437-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2008] [Revised: 03/16/2009] [Accepted: 03/18/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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35
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Svensson PA, Pélabon C, Blount JD, Forsgren E, Bjerkeng B, Amundsen T. Temporal variability in a multicomponent trait: nuptial coloration of female two-spotted gobies. Behav Ecol 2008. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arn154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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36
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Ruiz M, Davis E, Martins EP. Courtship attention in sagebrush lizards varies with male identity and female reproductive state. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 19:1326-1332. [PMID: 19458780 DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arn072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2008] [Revised: 05/23/2008] [Accepted: 05/23/2008] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Previous experiments suggest that males spend more time with the more receptive of 2 novel females or the one with the higher fitness potential. However, males often court individual females repeatedly over a season; for example, male lizards sequentially visit familiar females as they patrol territorial boundaries. It may benefit males to vary display intensity as they move between multiple females. In this study, we explored the factors influencing amount of male courtship to familiar females in the sagebrush lizard, Sceloporus graciosus. We tested whether males vary the amount of courtship exhibited due to individual differences among males, female reproductive state, or female fitness potential. Each male was allowed to interact separately, but repeatedly, with 2 females until both females laid eggs. Male courtship behavior with each of the 2 females was assayed at an intermediate point, after 3 weeks of interaction. We found that individual differences among males were considerable. The number of male courtship displays was also positively correlated with female latency to lay eggs, with males displaying more often toward females with eggs that had not yet been fertilized. Courtship behavior was not well predicted by the number of eggs laid or by female width, both measures of female quality. Thus, male S. graciosus appear to alter courtship intensity more in response to signals of female reproductive state than in response to variation in potential female fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayté Ruiz
- Department of Biology and Center for the Integrative Study of Animal Behavior, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
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37
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Wilgers DJ, Horne EA. Discrimination of chemical stimuli in conspecific fecal pellets by a visually adept iguanid lizard, Crotaphytus collaris. J ETHOL 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s10164-008-0100-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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38
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Sacchi R, Scali S, Pupin F, Gentilli A, Galeotti P, Fasola M. Microgeographic variation of colour morph frequency and biometry of common wall lizards. J Zool (1987) 2007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7998.2007.00342.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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39
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Baird TA, Hews DK. Hormone levels in territorial and non-territorial male collared lizards. Physiol Behav 2007; 92:755-63. [PMID: 17628618 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2007.05.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2007] [Revised: 05/26/2007] [Accepted: 05/29/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
For species displaying plastic alternative reproductive tactics, the relative plasticity hypothesis (RPH) combined with the positive relationship between androgens and aggression predicts higher androgen levels in more aggressive socially dominant males relative to less aggressive subordinate males (directional RPH). We tested this prediction of the directional RPH by comparing plasma levels of testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, and corticosterone in 2y+-collared lizard males that defended territories with those of first-year males that were mature, but did not defend territories. As expected, 2y+-males exhibited higher rates of advertisement, aggression, and courtship than first-year males. Contrary to expectations of the directional RPH, levels of testosterone, dihydrotestosterone and corticosterone were similar in the males displaying these alternative tactics. Furthermore, whereas display by non-territorial males increased after a neighboring territorial male died, levels of testosterone and corticosterone decreased in these males, counter to prediction that the territorial tactic is activated by increased androgens. This result also suggests that high rates of aggression do not alter plasma steroids, although behavioral manipulations are needed to more fully test this hypothesis. Secretion of testosterone in non-territorial males may promote their high growth rates, and/or may prime them for the rapid behavioral changes that occur when opportunities for territory acquisition arise as a consequence of predation on territorial males. Relationships among hormones differed between these types of males: corticosterone was negatively correlated with both testosterone and dihydrotestosterone in territorial males, but androgens and corticosterone did not significantly covary in non-territorial males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Troy A Baird
- Department of Biology, University of Central Oklahoma, 100 N. University Drive, Edmond, Oklahoma 73034, United States.
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40
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Baird TA, Hranitz JM, Timanus DK, Schwartz AM. Behavioral attributes influence annual mating success more than morphological traits in male collared lizards. Behav Ecol 2007. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arm092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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41
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Germano DJ, Williams DF. ONTOGENETIC AND SEASONAL CHANGES IN COLORATION OF THE BLUNT-NOSED LEOPARD LIZARD (GAMBELIA SILA). SOUTHWEST NAT 2007. [DOI: 10.1894/0038-4909(2007)52[46:oascic]2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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42
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Schwartz AM, Baird TA, Timanus DK. Influence of Age and Prior Experience on Territorial Behavior and the Costs of Defense in Male Collared Lizards. Ethology 2007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0310.2006.01297.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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43
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Husak JF. Do female collared lizards change field use of maximal sprint speed capacity when gravid? Oecologia 2006; 150:339-43. [PMID: 16896766 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-006-0513-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2005] [Accepted: 07/10/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Locomotor ability is well-documented to decrease in gravid female lizards. However, no studies have examined what proportion of maximal sprint speed capacity gravid females use in nature or how a reduction in maximal capacity translates to changes in sprint speeds used in nature. Gravid females may compensate for reduced locomotor ability by increasing the proportion of their maximal capacity used in nature, or by changing their antipredator behaviour. I measured maximal sprint speed in the laboratory for female collared lizards (Crotaphytus collaris) while gravid and nongravid and then compared those to speeds used in the field while foraging and escaping predators, and also while gravid and nongravid. Females had significantly lower maximal sprint speed capacity while gravid, and they ran slower while foraging and escaping predators. However, gravid females did not increase the proportion of maximal capacity used in those contexts compared to when not gravid. Gravid females compensated for reduced locomotor capacity by staying closer to refugia but not by remaining more cryptic. These results suggest that the costs of reduced locomotor capacity may not be associated with direct costs while foraging or escaping predators, but instead with potential indirect effects associated with the change in antipredator behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerry F Husak
- Department of Zoology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
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44
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Weiss SL. Female-specific color is a signal of quality in the striped plateau lizard (Sceloporus virgatus). Behav Ecol 2006. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arl001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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