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Quinn A. Transparency and secrecy in citizen science: Lessons from herping. STUDIES IN HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE 2021; 85:208-217. [PMID: 33966777 DOI: 10.1016/j.shpsa.2020.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this paper I will outline a worry that citizen science can promote a kind of transparency that is harmful. I argue for the value of secrecy in citizen science. My argument will consist of analysis of a particular community (herpers), a particular citizen science platform (iNaturalist, drawing contrasts with other platforms), and my own travels in citizen science. I aim to avoid a simple distinction between science versus non-science, and instead analyze herping as a rich practice [MacIntyre, 2007]. Herping exemplifies citizen science as functioning simultaneously within and outside the sphere of science. I show that herpers have developed communal systems of transmitting and protecting knowledge. Ethical concerns about secrecy are inherently linked to these systems of knowledge. My over-arching aim is to urge caution in the drive to transparency, as the concepts of transparency and secrecy merit close scrutiny. The concerns I raise are complementary to those suggested by previous philosophical work, and (I argue) resist straightforward solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleta Quinn
- Department of Politics and Philosophy, University of Idaho, 875 Perimeter Drive MS 3165, Moscow, ID, 83844, USA.
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2
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Palacios-Aguilar R, Cisneros-Bernal AY, Arias-Montiel JD, Parra-Olea G. A new species of Bolitoglossa (Amphibia: Plethodontidae) from the central highlands of Guerrero, Mexico. CAN J ZOOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1139/cjz-2019-0244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We describe a new species of salamander of Bolitoglossa (Oaxakia) Parra-Olea, García-París and Wake, 2004 from the cloud forests of the central portion of the Sierra Madre del Sur highlands in the Mexican state of Guerrero. Bolitoglossa coaxtlahuacana sp. nov. is currently known only from the type locality and can be differentiated from other members of the group by morphological, coloration, and molecular evidence. With the description of this new taxon, the number of species in the subgenus Oaxakia increases to six.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Palacios-Aguilar
- Museo de Zoología “Alfonso L. Herrera”, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, AP 70-399, Ciudad de México CP 04510, México
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Unidad de Posgrado, Edificio A, 1er. Piso, Circuito de Posgrados, Ciudad Universitaria, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CP 04510, Cuidad de México, México
| | - Antonio Yolocalli Cisneros-Bernal
- Museo de Zoología “Alfonso L. Herrera”, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, AP 70-399, Ciudad de México CP 04510, México
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Unidad de Posgrado, Edificio A, 1er. Piso, Circuito de Posgrados, Ciudad Universitaria, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CP 04510, Cuidad de México, México
| | - J. Diego Arias-Montiel
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida de los Barrios, CP 54090, Tlalnepantla de Baz, Estado de México, México
| | - Gabriela Parra-Olea
- Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, AP 70-153, CP 04510, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, México
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3
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Itgen MW, Prša P, Janža R, Skubic L, Townsend JH, Kladnik A, Mali LB, Sessions SK. Genome Size Diversification in Central American Bolitoglossine Salamanders (Caudata; Plethodontidae). COPEIA 2019. [DOI: 10.1643/ch-18-156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael W. Itgen
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, 200 West Lake Street, 1878 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523; . Send reprint requests to this address
| | - Patrik Prša
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Zaloška 4, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia;
| | - Rok Janža
- Department of Organisms and Ecosystems Research, National Institute of Biology, Večna pot 111, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia;
| | - Lucijan Skubic
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Zaloška 4, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia;
| | - Josiah H. Townsend
- Department of Biology, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, 975 Oakland Avenue, Indiana, Pennsylvania 15701;
| | - Aleš Kladnik
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical faculty, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia; Mailing address: Jamnikarjeva 101, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia; (AK) ; and (LBM)
| | - Lilijana Bizjak Mali
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical faculty, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia; Mailing address: Jamnikarjeva 101, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia; (AK) ; and (LBM)
| | - Stanley K. Sessions
- Department of Biology, Hartwick College, 1 Hartwick Drive, Oneonta, New York 13820;
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Woodley SK, Costa JT, Bruce RC. Introduction to the Special Highlands Conference on Plethodontid Salamander Biology. HERPETOLOGICA 2017. [DOI: 10.1655/herpetologica-d-17-00020.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah K. Woodley
- Department of Biological Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA
| | - James T. Costa
- Highlands Biological Station, 265 N. Sixth Street, Highlands, NC 28741, USA and Department of Biology, Western Carolina University, Cullowhee, NC 28723, USA
| | - Richard C. Bruce
- Highlands Biological Station, 265 N. Sixth Street, Highlands, NC 28741, USA and Department of Biology, Western Carolina University, Cullowhee, NC 28723, USA
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