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Li WB, Stangl S, Klapproth A, Shevtsov M, Hernandez A, Kimm MA, Schuemann J, Qiu R, Michalke B, Bernal MA, Li J, Hürkamp K, Zhang Y, Multhoff G. Application of High-Z Gold Nanoparticles in Targeted Cancer Radiotherapy-Pharmacokinetic Modeling, Monte Carlo Simulation and Radiobiological Effect Modeling. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:5370. [PMID: 34771534 PMCID: PMC8582555 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13215370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
High-Z gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) conjugated to a targeting antibody can help to improve tumor control in radiotherapy while simultaneously minimizing radiotoxicity to adjacent healthy tissue. This paper summarizes the main findings of a joint research program which applied AuNP-conjugates in preclinical modeling of radiotherapy at the Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich and Helmholtz Zentrum München. A pharmacokinetic model of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles was developed in preparation for a model simulating the uptake and distribution of AuNPs in mice. Multi-scale Monte Carlo simulations were performed on a single AuNP and multiple AuNPs in tumor cells at cellular and molecular levels to determine enhancements in the radiation dose and generation of chemical radicals in close proximity to AuNPs. A biologically based mathematical model was developed to predict the biological response of AuNPs in radiation enhancement. Although simulations of a single AuNP demonstrated a clear dose enhancement, simulations relating to the generation of chemical radicals and the induction of DNA strand breaks induced by multiple AuNPs showed only a minor dose enhancement. The differences in the simulated enhancements at molecular and cellular levels indicate that further investigations are necessary to better understand the impact of the physical, chemical, and biological parameters in preclinical experimental settings prior to a translation of these AuNPs models into targeted cancer radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Bo Li
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (A.K.); (K.H.)
| | - Stefan Stangl
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Technische Universität München (TranslaTUM), Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Einsteinstr. 25, 81675 Munich, Germany; (S.S.); (M.S.); (A.H.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Technishe Universität München (TUM), Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander Klapproth
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (A.K.); (K.H.)
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Technische Universität München (TranslaTUM), Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Einsteinstr. 25, 81675 Munich, Germany; (S.S.); (M.S.); (A.H.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Technishe Universität München (TUM), Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Maxim Shevtsov
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Technische Universität München (TranslaTUM), Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Einsteinstr. 25, 81675 Munich, Germany; (S.S.); (M.S.); (A.H.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Technishe Universität München (TUM), Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
- Personalized Medicine Centre, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 2 Akkuratova Str., 197341 Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Laboratory of Biomedical Nanotechnologies, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Tikhoretsky Ave., 4, 194064 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alicia Hernandez
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Technische Universität München (TranslaTUM), Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Einsteinstr. 25, 81675 Munich, Germany; (S.S.); (M.S.); (A.H.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Technishe Universität München (TUM), Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Melanie A. Kimm
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Technische Universität München (TUM), Klinikum Rechts der Isar, 81675 Munich, Germany;
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81337 Munich, Germany;
| | - Jan Schuemann
- Physics Division, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA;
| | - Rui Qiu
- Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
| | - Bernhard Michalke
- Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Helmholz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany;
| | - Mario A. Bernal
- Gleb Wataghin Institute of Physics, State University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-859, SP, Brazil;
| | - Junli Li
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81337 Munich, Germany;
| | - Kerstin Hürkamp
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (A.K.); (K.H.)
| | - Yibao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China;
| | - Gabriele Multhoff
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Technische Universität München (TranslaTUM), Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Einsteinstr. 25, 81675 Munich, Germany; (S.S.); (M.S.); (A.H.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Technishe Universität München (TUM), Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
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