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Marican HTA, Shen H. Metaphase-Based Cytogenetic Approach Identifies Radiation-Induced Chromosome and Chromatid Aberrations in Zebrafish Embryos. Radiat Res 2021; 197:261-269. [PMID: 34860251 DOI: 10.1667/rade-21-00145.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Metaphase-based cytogenetic methods based on scoring of chromosome aberrations for the estimation of the radiation dose received provide a powerful approach for evaluating the associated risk upon radiation exposure and form the bulk of our current knowledge of radiation-induced chromosome damages. They mainly rely on inducing quiescent peripheral lymphocytes into proliferation and blocking them at metaphases to quantify the damages at the chromosome level. However, human organs and tissues demonstrate various sensitivity towards radiation and within them, self-proliferating progenitor/stem cells are believed to be the most sensitive populations. The radiation-induced chromosome aberrations in these cells remain largely unknown, especially in the context of an intact living organism. Zebrafish is an ideal animal model for research into this aspect due to their small size and the large quantities of progenitor cells present during the embryonic stages. In this study, we employ a novel metaphase-based cytogenetic approach on zebrafish embryos and demonstrate that chromosome-type and chromatid-type aberrations could be identified in progenitor cells at different cell-cycle stages at the point of radiation exposure. Our work positions zebrafish at the forefront as a useful animal model for studying radiation-induced chromosome structural changes in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hongyuan Shen
- Singapore Nuclear Research and Safety Initiative, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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Seong KM, Kwon T, Park J, Youn B, Cha HJ, Kim Y, Moon C, Lee SS, Jin YW. Proactive strategy for long-term biological research aimed at low-dose radiation risk in Korea. Int J Radiat Biol 2018; 94:685-693. [PMID: 29775393 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2018.1478163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Since the 2011 Fukushima nuclear power plant accident, Korean radiation experts have agreed that reliable data on health risks of low-dose radiation (LDR) are needed to ease the anxiety of lay people. The intent of this study was to devise a sustainable biological program suited for the research environment in Korea and aimed at the health effects of radiation exposures <100 millisieverts (mSv). To address pressing public concerns over LDR risk, we investigated the current understanding of LDR effects by analyzing the previous reports of international authorities for radiation protection and research publications that appeared after the Chernobyl accident. A research program appropriate for societal and scientific inclinations of Korea was then devised based on input from Korean radiation scientists. CONCLUSIONS After review by our advisory committee, program priorities were set, calling for an agenda that focused on dose-response relationships in carcinogenesis, health span responses to lifestyle variations, and systemic metabolic changes. Our long-term biological research program may contribute scientific evidence to reduce the uncertainties of LDR health risks and help stakeholders formulate policies for radiation protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Moon Seong
- a Laboratory of Low Dose Risk Assessment , National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - TaeWoo Kwon
- a Laboratory of Low Dose Risk Assessment , National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Jina Park
- a Laboratory of Low Dose Risk Assessment , National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - BuHyun Youn
- b Department of Biological Sciences , Pusan National University , Busan , Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk-Jin Cha
- c School of Pharmacy , Seoul National University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Yonghwan Kim
- d Department of Biological Sciences , Sookmyung Women's University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Changjong Moon
- e Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 PLUS Project Team , Chonnam National University , Gwangju , Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Sook Lee
- a Laboratory of Low Dose Risk Assessment , National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences , Seoul , Republic of Korea.,f Department of Pathology , Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Young Woo Jin
- a Laboratory of Low Dose Risk Assessment , National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences , Seoul , Republic of Korea
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