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Ayoufu A, Paierhati P, Qiao L, Zhang N, Abudukeremu M. RUSC1-AS1 promotes the malignant progression of breast cancer depending on the regulation of the miR-326/XRCC5 pathway. Thorac Cancer 2023; 14:2504-2514. [PMID: 37429610 PMCID: PMC10447167 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.15035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are the key regulators for cancer progression, including breast cancer (BC). RUSC1 antisense 1 (RUSC1-AS1) has been found to be highly expressed in BC, but its role and potential molecular mechanism in BC remain to be further elucidated. METHODS Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was utilized to measure RUSC1-AS1, microRNA (miR)-326 and X-ray repair cross-complementing group 5 (XRCC5) expression. Cell proliferation, metastasis, cell cycle, apoptosis and angiogenesis were determined by cell counting kit-8, colony formation, transwell, flow cytometry and tube formation assays. Protein expression was detected by western blot analysis. The targeted relationship between miR-326 and RUSC1-AS1 or XRCC5 was validated using dual-luciferase reporter assay and RIP assay. Xenograft models were constructed to uncover the effect of RUSC1-AS1 on BC tumorigenesis. RESULTS RUSC1-AS1 was upregulated in BC, and its downregulation suppressed BC proliferation, metastasis, cell cycle, angiogenesis, and tumor growth. MiR-326 was confirmed to be sponged by RUSC1-AS1, and its inhibitor reversed the regulation of RUSC1-AS1 silencing on BC progression. XRCC5 could be targeted by miR-326. Overexpression of XRCC5 reversed the inhibitory impacts of miR-326 on BC progression. CONCLUSION RUSC1-AS1 could serve as a sponge of miR-326 to promote BC progression by targeting XRCC5, suggesting that RUSC1-AS1 might be a target for BC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisikeer Ayoufu
- Department of Breast Surgery Ward TwoAffiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiChina
| | - Puerkaiti Paierhati
- Department of Breast and Thyroid SurgeryAffiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiChina
| | - Lei Qiao
- Department of Breast and Thyroid SurgeryAffiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiChina
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid SurgeryAffiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiChina
| | - Muzhapaer Abudukeremu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid SurgeryAffiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiChina
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Expression profile of radiotherapy sensitive genes and tumor-associated immune cell infiltration and prognosis in multiple human cancers. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2022.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Öztürk E, Pehlivan S, Balat O, Ugur MG, Ozcan HC, Erkılıç S. DNA Repair Gene (XPD, XRCC4, and XRCC1) Polymorphisms in Patients with Endometrial Hyperplasia: A Pilot Study. Med Sci Monit Basic Res 2018; 24:146-150. [PMID: 30275440 PMCID: PMC6178876 DOI: 10.12659/msmbr.911041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In this study, we aimed to evaluate the association between endometrial hyperplasia and DNA repair gene (XPD, XRCC4, and XRCC1) polymorphisms. Material/Methods There were 114 cases enrolled in the study in 4 groups: simple endometrial hyperplasia (SH) (Group 1), complex endometrial hyperplasia without atypia (CH) (Group 2), complex atypical endometrial hyperplasia (CAH) (Group 3), and normal endometrium (NE) (Group 4). Of these cases, 37 cases had SH, 36 cases had CH, 16 cases had CAH, and 25 cases had NE. To evaluate an association between atypia and DNA repair genes, we consider a group that included both SH and CH, the endometrial hyperplasia without atypia cases (Group 5). Genomic DNA was isolated from paraffin-embedded endometrial tissue collected from the Pathology Department of Gaziantep University Medical School. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and/or restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method was used for evaluating of XPD (−751), XRCC4 (−1394 and a variable number of tandem repeats in intron 3), and XRCC1 (−399) genes. Results We observed a notable distinction in patients having endometrial hyperplasia without atypia (the SH+CH group) and the CAH group in terms of XPD (−751) gene polymorphisms. A notable contrast was observed in patients with endometrial hyperplasia without atypia (the SH+CH group) and the NE group in terms of XRCC4 (VNTR intron 3) polymorphisms (P=0.026, P=0.018, respectively). Conclusions It was evident the DNA repair gene XPD and XRCC4 polymorphisms had a role in the pathophysiology of endometrial hyperplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sacide Pehlivan
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Medical School, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozcan Balat
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Istanbul, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Mete Gurol Ugur
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Istanbul, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Huseyin Caglayan Ozcan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Istanbul, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Suna Erkılıç
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
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Wang L, Li J, Lu H, Zhou H, Xie L, Wu M, Lin Z. Association analysis between 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase genetic variants and endometrial cancer susceptibility in Chinese Han population. J Pharm Pharmacol 2014; 67:559-64. [PMID: 25496161 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Numerous epidemiologic studies demonstrate that 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase gene (hOGG1) is an important candidate gene for the development of endometrial cancer (EC). The objective of this study is to evaluate the potential association between hOGG1 genetic variants and the susceptibility to EC.
Methods
In total, 218 EC patients and 243 cancer-free controls were recruited in this study.
Key findings
Our data indicate that the hOGG1 c.269C > A and c.828A > G genetic variants are statistically associated with the increased susceptibility to EC (for c.269C > A, AA vs CC: odds ratio (OR) = 2.14, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.21 to 3.78, P = 0.008; A vs C: OR = 1.43, 95% CI, 1.09 to 1.88, P = 0.010; for c.828A > G, GG vs AA: OR = 2.31, 95% CI, 1.24 to 4.30, P = 0.008; G vs A: OR = 1.35, 95% CI, 1.03 to 1.78, P = 0.032). The A allele and AA genotype of c.269C > A and G allele and GG genotype of c.828A > G genetic variants could contribute to the susceptibility to EC.
Conclusion
Taken together, our findings suggest that the hOGG1 c.269C > A and c.828A > G genetic variants are significantly associated with EC susceptibility in Chinese Han populations and might be used as molecular markers for assessing the risk of EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Wang
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Huaiwu Lu
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lingling Xie
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Miaofang Wu
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhongqiu Lin
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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Wang L, Lu H, Li J, Zeng H, Liu C, Chen Q, Lin Z. The association between XRCC1 genetic polymorphisms and the risk of endometrial carcinoma in Chinese. Gene 2014; 554:155-9. [PMID: 25445285 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Revised: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Accumulated evidences report that X-ray repair cross-complementing group 1 gene (XRCC1) genetic polymorphisms play an important role in the development of endometrial carcinoma (EC). This study aims to evaluate the association of XRCC1 c.1161G>A and c.1804C>A genetic polymorphisms with the risk of EC. A total of 218 EC patients and 243 cancer-free controls were included in this study. The genotypes of XRCC1 genetic polymorphisms were determined by the created restriction site-polymerase chain reaction (CRS-PCR) and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) methods. We found that these two genetic polymorphisms were statistically associated with the risk of EC. As for c.1161G>A, in comparison with GG wild genotype, the AA genotype was significantly associated with the increased risk of EC (OR=2.36, 95% CI 1.28-4.37, χ(2)=7.71, P=0.005). As for c.1804C>A, the CC genotype significantly increased the risk of EC in comparison with CC wild genotype (OR=2.77, 95% CI 1.38-5.58, χ(2)=8.54, P=0.003). Our data indicate that the A allele of c.1161G>A and c.1804C>A genetic polymorphisms could contribute to increase the risk of EC (for c.1161G>A: A versus (vs.) G, OR=1.34, 95% CI 1.02-1.76, χ(2)=4.56, P=0.033; for c.1804C>A: A vs. C, OR=1.34, 95% CI 1.01-1.77, χ(2)=4.03, P=0.045). Our results indicate that the XRCC1 c.1161G>A and c.1804C>A genetic polymorphisms significantly influenced the risk of EC in Chinese populations, and might be used as molecular markers for evaluating EC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Wang
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Huaiwu Lu
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Zeng
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Changhao Liu
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Chen
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongqiu Lin
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
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XRCC1 polymorphisms and cervical cancer risk: an updated meta-analysis. Tumour Biol 2013; 35:1221-31. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-1163-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2013] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Oh JH, Wong HP, Wang X, Deasy JO. A bioinformatics filtering strategy for identifying radiation response biomarker candidates. PLoS One 2012; 7:e38870. [PMID: 22768051 PMCID: PMC3387230 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0038870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2012] [Accepted: 05/15/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The number of biomarker candidates is often much larger than the number of clinical patient data points available, which motivates the use of a rational candidate variable filtering methodology. The goal of this paper is to apply such a bioinformatics filtering process to isolate a modest number (<10) of key interacting genes and their associated single nucleotide polymorphisms involved in radiation response, and to ultimately serve as a basis for using clinical datasets to identify new biomarkers. In step 1, we surveyed the literature on genetic and protein correlates to radiation response, in vivo or in vitro, across cellular, animal, and human studies. In step 2, we analyzed two publicly available microarray datasets and identified genes in which mRNA expression changed in response to radiation. Combining results from Step 1 and Step 2, we identified 20 genes that were common to all three sources. As a final step, a curated database of protein interactions was used to generate the most statistically reliable protein interaction network among any subset of the 20 genes resulting from Steps 1 and 2, resulting in identification of a small, tightly interacting network with 7 out of 20 input genes. We further ranked the genes in terms of likely importance, based on their location within the network using a graph-based scoring function. The resulting core interacting network provides an attractive set of genes likely to be important to radiation response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hun Oh
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Harry P. Wong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Joseph O. Deasy
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
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West CM, Barnett GC. Genetics and genomics of radiotherapy toxicity: towards prediction. Genome Med 2011; 3:52. [PMID: 21861849 PMCID: PMC3238178 DOI: 10.1186/gm268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is involved in many curative treatments of cancer; millions of survivors live with the consequences of treatment, and toxicity in a minority limits the radiation doses that can be safely prescribed to the majority. Radiogenomics is the whole genome application of radiogenetics, which studies the influence of genetic variation on radiation response. Work in the area focuses on uncovering the underlying genetic causes of individual variation in sensitivity to radiation, which is important for effective, safe treatment. In this review, we highlight recent advances in radiotherapy and discuss results from four genome-wide studies of radiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catharine M West
- School of Cancer and Enabling Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The Christie, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4BX, UK.
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Ishikawa A, Suga T, Shoji Y, Kato S, Ohno T, Ishikawa H, Yoshinaga S, Ohara K, Ariga H, Nomura K, Shibamoto Y, Ishikawa KI, Moritake T, Michikawa Y, Iwakawa M, Imai T. Genetic variants of NPAT-ATM and AURKA are associated with an early adverse reaction in the gastrointestinal tract of patients with cervical cancer treated with pelvic radiation therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2010; 81:1144-52. [PMID: 21050672 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2010.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2010] [Revised: 08/26/2010] [Accepted: 09/01/2010] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study sought to associate polymorphisms in genes related to cell cycle regulation or genome maintenance with radiotherapy (RT)-induced an early adverse reaction (EAR) in patients with cervical cancer. METHODS AND MATERIALS This study enrolled 243 cervical cancer patients who were treated with pelvic RT. An early gastrointestinal reaction was graded using the National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria, version 2. Clinical factors of the enrolled patients were analyzed, and 208 patients were grouped for genetic analysis according to their EAR (Grade ≤1, n = 150; Grade ≥2, n = 58). Genomic DNA was genotyped, and association with the risk of EAR for 44 functional single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of 19 candidate genes was assessed by single-locus, haplotype, and multilocus analyses. RESULTS Our analysis revealed two haplotypes to be associated with an increased risk of EAR. The first, comprising rs625120C, rs189037T, rs228589A, and rs183460G, is located between the 5' ends of NPAT and ATM (OR = 1.86; 95% CI, 1.21-2.87), whereas the second is located in the AURKA gene and comprises rs2273535A and rs1047972G (OR = 1.75; 95% CI, 1.10-2.78). A third haplotype, rs2273535T and rs1047972A in AURKA, was associated with a reduced EAR risk (OR = 0.42; 95% CI, 0.20-0.89). The risk of EAR was significantly higher among patients with both risk diplotypes than in those possessing the other diplotypes (OR = 3.24; 95% CI, 1.52-6.92). CONCLUSIONS Individual radiosensitivity of intestine may be determined by haplotypes in the NPAT-ATM and AURKA genes. These variants should be explored in larger association studies in cervical cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuko Ishikawa
- RadGenomics Project, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan
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De Luca CR, Conroy R, McCarthy MC, Anderson VA, Ashley DM. Neuropsychological impact of treatment of brain tumors. Cancer Treat Res 2010; 150:277-96. [PMID: 19834674 DOI: 10.1007/b109924_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia R De Luca
- Children's Cancer Centre, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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Travis LB, Beard C, Allan JM, Dahl AA, Feldman DR, Oldenburg J, Daugaard G, Kelly JL, Dolan ME, Hannigan R, Constine LS, Oeffinger KC, Okunieff P, Armstrong G, Wiljer D, Miller RC, Gietema JA, van Leeuwen FE, Williams JP, Nichols CR, Einhorn LH, Fossa SD. Testicular cancer survivorship: research strategies and recommendations. J Natl Cancer Inst 2010; 102:1114-30. [PMID: 20585105 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djq216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Testicular cancer represents the most curable solid tumor, with a 10-year survival rate of more than 95%. Given the young average age at diagnosis, it is estimated that effective treatment approaches, in particular, platinum-based chemotherapy, have resulted in an average gain of several decades of life. This success, however, is offset by the emergence of considerable long-term morbidity, including second malignant neoplasms, cardiovascular disease, neurotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, pulmonary toxicity, hypogonadism, decreased fertility, and psychosocial problems. Data on underlying genetic or molecular factors that might identify those patients at highest risk for late sequelae are sparse. Genome-wide association studies and other translational molecular approaches now provide opportunities to identify testicular cancer survivors at greatest risk for therapy-related complications to develop evidence-based long-term follow-up guidelines and interventional strategies. We review research priorities identified during an international workshop devoted to testicular cancer survivors. Recommendations include 1) institution of lifelong follow-up of testicular cancer survivors within a large cohort setting to ascertain risks of emerging toxicities and the evolution of known late sequelae, 2) development of comprehensive risk prediction models that include treatment factors and genetic modifiers of late sequelae, 3) elucidation of the effect(s) of decades-long exposure to low serum levels of platinum, 4) assessment of the overall burden of medical and psychosocial morbidity, and 5) the eventual formulation of evidence-based long-term follow-up guidelines and interventions. Just as testicular cancer once served as the paradigm of a curable malignancy, comprehensive follow-up studies of testicular cancer survivors can pioneer new methodologies in survivorship research for all adult-onset cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lois B Travis
- Department of Radiation Oncology, James P. Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
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Andreassen CN, Alsner J. Genetic variants and normal tissue toxicity after radiotherapy: a systematic review. Radiother Oncol 2009; 92:299-309. [PMID: 19683821 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2009.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2009] [Revised: 06/23/2009] [Accepted: 06/24/2009] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
During the last decade, nearly 60 studies have addressed possible associations between various genetic sequence alterations and risk of adverse reactions after radiotherapy. We report here an overview of these studies with information on the genetic variants, tumour type, number of patients included, the endpoint studied, the mechanism(s) by which the candidate genes are involved in the pathogenesis of normal tissue toxicity, and odds ratios (ORs) for candidate variants. Though many positive results have been reported, inconsistent findings and non-replication of previous results have frequently occurred. This can presumably be attributed to certain methodological shortcomings including lack of statistical power to detect small effect sizes. Based on theoretical considerations and experiences from other scientific fields, we discuss how future studies should be designed in order to successfully unravel the genetics of normal tissue radiosensitivity. We propose a model of the allelic architecture that may underlie differences in normal tissue radiosensitivity. Genome wide association studies have proven a powerful tool to identify novel loci that affect various phenotypes. Nonetheless, genome wide association studies are extremely demanding in terms of sample size. Furthermore, certain limitations still relate to this kind of studies, emphasizing the need for international consortia such as the ESTRO GENEPI.
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Chistiakov DA, Voronova NV, Chistiakov PA. Genetic variations in DNA repair genes, radiosensitivity to cancer and susceptibility to acute tissue reactions in radiotherapy-treated cancer patients. Acta Oncol 2008; 47:809-24. [PMID: 18568480 DOI: 10.1080/02841860801885969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Ionizing radiation is a well established carcinogen for human cells. At low doses, radiation exposure mainly results in generation of double strand breaks (DSBs). Radiation-related DSBs could be directly linked to the formation of chromosomal rearrangements as has been proven for radiation-induced thyroid tumors. Repair of DSBs presumably involves two main pathways, non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) and homologous recombination (HR). A number of known inherited syndromes, such as ataxia telangiectasia, ataxia-telangiectasia like-disorder, radiosensitive severe combined immunodeficiency, Nijmegen breakage syndrome, and LIG4 deficiency are associated with increased radiosensitivity and/or cancer risk. Many of them are caused by mutations in DNA repair genes. Recent studies also suggest that variations in the DNA repair capacity in the general population may influence cancer susceptibility. In this paper, we summarize the current status of DNA repair proteins as potential targets for radiation-induced cancer risk. We will focus on genetic alterations in genes involved in HR- and NHEJ-mediated repair of DSBs, which could influence predisposition to radiation-related cancer and thereby explain interindividual differences in radiosensitivity or radioresistance in a general population.
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Burri RJ, Stock RG, Cesaretti JA, Atencio DP, Peters S, Peters CA, Fan G, Stone NN, Ostrer H, Rosenstein BS. Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms in SOD2, XRCC1 and XRCC3 with susceptibility for the development of adverse effects resulting from radiotherapy for prostate cancer. Radiat Res 2008; 170:49-59. [PMID: 18582155 DOI: 10.1667/rr1219.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2007] [Accepted: 03/14/2008] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine whether an association exists between certain single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which have previously been linked with adverse normal tissue effects resulting from radiotherapy, and the development of radiation injury resulting from radiotherapy for prostate cancer. A total of 135 consecutive patients with clinically localized prostate cancer and a minimum of 1 year of follow-up who had been treated with radiation therapy, either brachytherapy alone or in combination with external-beam radiotherapy, with or without hormone therapy, were genotyped for SNPs in SOD2, XRCC1 and XRCC3. Three common late tissue toxicities were investigated: late rectal bleeding, urinary morbidity, and erectile dysfunction. Patients with the XRCC1 rs25489 G/A (Arg280His) genotype were more likely to develop erectile dysfunction after irradiation than patients who had the G/G genotype (67% compared to 24%; P=0.048). In addition, patients who had the SOD2 rs4880 T/C (Val16Ala) genotype exhibited a significant increase in grade 2 late rectal bleeding compared to patients who had either the C/C or T/T genotype for this SNP (8% compared to 0%; P=0.02). Finally, patients with the combination of the SOD2 rs4880 C/T genotype and XRCC3 rs861539 T/C (Thr241Met) genotype experienced a significant increase in grade 2 late rectal bleeding compared to patients without this particular genotypic arrangement (14% compared to 1%; P=0.002). These results suggest that SNPs in the SOD2, XRCC1 and XRCC3 genes are associated with the development of late radiation injury in patients treated with radiation therapy for prostate adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J Burri
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York 10029, USA
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Alsner J, Andreassen CN, Overgaard J. Genetic markers for prediction of normal tissue toxicity after radiotherapy. Semin Radiat Oncol 2008; 18:126-35. [PMID: 18314067 DOI: 10.1016/j.semradonc.2007.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
During the last decade, a number of studies have supported the hypothesis that there is an important genetic component to the observed interpatient variability in normal tissue toxicity after radiotherapy. This review summarizes the candidate gene association studies published so far on the risk of radiation-induced morbidity and highlights some recent successful whole-genome association studies showing feasibility in other research areas. Future genetic association studies are discussed in relation to methodological problems such as the characterization of clinical and biological phenotypes, genetic haplotypes, and handling of confounding factors. Finally, candidate gene studies elucidating the genetic component of radiation-induced morbidity and the functional consequences of single nucleotide polymorphisms by studying intermediate phenotypes will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Alsner
- Department of Experimental Clinical Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
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Kuptsova N, Chang-Claude J, Kropp S, Helmbold I, Schmezer P, von Fournier D, Haase W, Sautter-Bihl ML, Wenz F, Onel K, Ambrosone CB. Genetic predictors of long-term toxicities after radiation therapy for breast cancer. Int J Cancer 2008; 122:1333-9. [PMID: 18027873 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.23138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Telangiectasia and subcutaneous fibrosis are the most common late dermatologic side effects observed in response to radiation treatment. Radiotherapy acts on cancer cells largely due to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS also induce normal tissue toxicities. Therefore, we investigated if genetic variation in oxidative stress-related enzymes confers increased susceptibility to late skin complications. Women who received radiotherapy following lumpectomy for breast cancer were followed prospectively for late tissue side effects after initial treatment. Final analysis included 390 patients. Polymorphisms in genes involved in oxidative stress-related mechanisms (GSTA1, GSTM1, GSTT1, GSTP1, MPO, MnSOD, eNOS, CAT) were determined from blood samples by MALDI-TOF. The associations between telangiectasia and genotypes were evaluated by multivariate unconditional logistic regression models. Patients with variant GSTA1 genotypes were at significantly increased risk of telangiectasia (OR 1.86, 95% CI 1.11-3.11). Reduced odds ratios of telangiectasia were noted for women with lower-activity eNOS genotype (OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.36-0.93). Genotype effects were modified by follow-up time, with the highest risk observed after 4 years of radiotherapy for gene polymorphisms in ROS-neutralizing enzymes. Decreased risk with eNOS polymorphisms was significant only among women with less than 4 years of follow-up. All other risk estimates were nonsignificant. Late effects of radiation therapy on skin appear to be modified by variants in genes related to protection from oxidative stress. The application of genomics to outcomes following radiation therapy holds the promise of radiation dose adjustment to improve both cosmetic outcomes and quality of life for breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliya Kuptsova
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
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Castella M, Puerto S, Creus A, Marcos R, Surralles J. Telomere length modulates human radiation sensitivity in vitro. Toxicol Lett 2007; 172:29-36. [PMID: 17604920 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2007.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The molecular basis of the interindividual differences of normal individuals to ionizing radiation is poorly understood. Several studies in telomerase KO mice with short telomeres have uncovered an inverse relationship between telomere length and radiation sensitivity. The present work aims to determine if chromosome radiosensitivity is correlated with telomere length in healthy individuals. With this purpose, individual radiosensitivity was determined by the micronucleus assay in peripheral blood lymphocytes from two groups of individuals of the same age but with highly heterogeneous telomere length, selected from a population of 181 individuals where we previously measured telomere length. Our study demonstrates that telomere length modulates chromosome in vitro radiosensitivity in healthy individuals as the group with short telomeres presented higher frequencies of ionizing radiation-induced micronuclei when compared to the long telomeres group. This result supports the conclusion that individual telomere length acts as biomarker of individual chromosome instability upon exposure to ionizing radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Castella
- Grup de Mutagènesi, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Edifici C, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
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Lilla C, Ambrosone CB, Kropp S, Helmbold I, Schmezer P, von Fournier D, Haase W, Sautter-Bihl ML, Wenz F, Chang-Claude J. Predictive factors for late normal tissue complications following radiotherapy for breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2007; 106:143-50. [PMID: 17221151 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-006-9480-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2006] [Accepted: 12/04/2006] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery is commonly applied to reduce recurrence of breast cancer but may cause acute and late side effects. To identify prognostic factors for the development of late toxicity after radiotherapy, we conducted a prospective study of breast cancer patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS We assessed late complications of radiotherapy and collected information on epidemiologic factors in a cohort of breast cancer patients who had received radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery. Among 416 patients with complete follow-up data, the association between possible risk factors and development of late complications was evaluated using multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS After a median follow-up time of 51 months, 131 (31.4%) patients presented with telangiectasia and 28 (6.7%) patients with fibrosis. We observed a strong association between development of telangiectasia and fibrosis (p < 0.01). Increasing age of the patient was a risk factor for both telangiectasia and fibrosis (p-value for trend <0.01 and 0.03, respectively). Patients with acute skin toxicity (odds ratio (OR) 1.8, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.0-3.1) were at higher risk to develop telangiectasia. Long-term smoking was associated with a significant increase in risk of telangiectasia compared to non-smokers (OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.2-4.6). CONCLUSIONS Our study revealed several factors other than radiation dose that may predispose to late complications following radiotherapy. Further understanding of differences in response to irradiation may advance individualized treatment and improve cosmetic outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Lilla
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, C020, German Cancer Research Center, im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 , Heidelberg, Germany
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De Ruyck K, Van Eijkeren M, Claes K, Bacher K, Vral A, De Neve W, Thierens H. TGFbeta1 polymorphisms and late clinical radiosensitivity in patients treated for gynecologic tumors. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2006; 65:1240-8. [PMID: 16798416 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2006.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2006] [Revised: 03/13/2006] [Accepted: 03/14/2006] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the association between six transforming growth factor beta1 gene (TGFbeta1) polymorphisms (-1.552delAGG, -800G>A, -509C>T, Leu10Pro, Arg25Pro, Thr263Ile) and the occurrence of late normal tissue reactions after gynecologic radiotherapy (RT). METHODS AND MATERIALS Seventy-eight women with cervical or endometrial cancer and 140 control individuals were included in the study. According to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 3.0 (CTCAEv3.0) scale, 25 patients showed late adverse RT reactions (CTC2+), of whom 11 had severe complications (CTC3+). Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), single base extension and genotyping assays were performed to examine the polymorphic sites in TGFbeta1. RESULTS Homozygous variant -1.552delAGG, -509TT, and 10Pro genotypes were associated with the risk of developing late severe RT reactions. Triple (variant) homozygous patients had a 3.6 times increased risk to develop severe RT reactions (p=0.26). Neither the -800A allele, nor the 25Pro allele or the 263Ile allele were associated with clinical radiosensitivity. There was perfect linkage disequilibrium (LD) between the -1.552delAGG and the -509C>T polymorphisms, and tight LD between the -1.552/-509 and the Leu10Pro polymorphisms. Haplotype analysis revealed two major haplotypes but could not distinguish radiosensitive from nonradiosensitive patients. CONCLUSIONS The present study shows that homozygous variant TGFbeta1 -1.552delAGG, -509TT, and 10Pro genotypes may be associated with severe clinical radiosensitivity after gynecologic RT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim De Ruyck
- Department of Anatomy, Embryology, Histology and Medical Physics, Ghent University, and Department of Radiation Oncology, Gent University Hospital, Belgium.
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Hernández A, Xamena N, Gutiérrez S, Velázquez A, Creus A, Surrallés J, Galofré P, Marcos R. Basal and induced micronucleus frequencies in human lymphocytes with different GST and NAT2 genetic backgrounds. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2006; 606:12-20. [PMID: 16621679 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2006.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2005] [Revised: 01/20/2006] [Accepted: 02/22/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Basal and induced frequencies of genetic damage can be modulated by different host factors, including genes involved in phase II metabolism. Since polymorphic variants in the glutathione S-transferase (GST) and N-acetyl transferase (NAT) genes have been associated with cancer risk, we explored the possible links between GSTM1, GSTP1, GSTT1 and NAT2 variants and the frequency of micronuclei (MN) in human lymphocytes. This exploratory study was carried out in 30 thyroid cancer patients, before and after receiving an average dose of 109.9+/-1.3 mCi radioactive iodine as a co-adjuvant therapy. The results indicate that none of the polymorphisms studied show any kind of association with the basal level of micronuclei. When the same patients were followed after radioiodine exposure, a significant increase in the frequency of MN was observed in practically all of them (28/30), indicating the genotoxic activity of the ionising radiation exposure. The increase in MN frequency was not associated with any of the GST polymorphisms evaluated. Nevertheless, the presence of slow acetylator phenotypes and, in particular, the presence of the NAT2*7 allele was significantly associated with a lower increase of the MN frequency after radioiodine treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Hernández
- Grup de Mutagènesi, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
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