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Xie W, Fang Q, Guo J, Gong L, Li C, Zhang Y. Phosphorylation of Pit-1 by cyclin-dependent kinase 5 at serine 126 is associated with cell proliferation and poor prognosis in prolactinomas. OPEN CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2021-0070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Pit-1 (POU1F1) is a POU-homeodomain transcription factor, and it is one of the most important tissue-specific transcription factors in pituitary development. Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) is a protein kinase that can phosphorylate many key transcription factors, but the mechanism under which CDK5 phosphorylates Pit-1 is unclear. To investigate whether CDK5 can regulate cell proliferation and promote hormone secretion through phosphorylation of Ser126-Pit-1 in prolactinomas, we generated an antibody that specifically recognizes phosphorylated serine at position 126 of Pit-1 (Ser126-Pit-1). We used western blotting to detect the level of Pit-1 phosphorylation and observed the proliferation and apoptosis of GH3 cells with different levels of Pit-1 phosphorylation by clone formation experiments, cell viability assays, and flow cytometry. ELISA was used to measure the level of PRL in the supernatant of GH3 cells. Tissue microarrays and immunohistochemistry were used to evaluate the expression of the phosphorylation level of Ser126-Pit-1 (pSer126-Pit-1) in prolactinomas. Our data indicated that Ser126-Pit-1 is specifically phosphorylated by CDK5 and high-level pSer-126-Pit-1 can promote cell proliferation and PRL secretion. In addition, a higher level of pSer-126-Pit-1 correlates with a worse prognosis in patients with prolactinoma. Our results show that CDK5 mediated Ser126-Pit-1 phosphorylation and regulated prolactinoma progression and PRL secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyan Xie
- Department of Cell Biology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University , No.119 South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District , Beijing , China
| | - Qiuyue Fang
- Department of Cell Biology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University , No.119 South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District , Beijing , China
| | - Jing Guo
- Department of Cell Biology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University , No.119 South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District , Beijing , China
| | - Lei Gong
- Department of Cell Biology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University , No.119 South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District , Beijing , China
| | - Chuzhong Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University , No.119 South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District , Beijing , China
| | - Yazhuo Zhang
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University , No.119 South 4th Ring West Road, Fengtai District , Beijing , China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , China
- Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders Brain Tumor Center, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury Research , Beijing , China
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Martínez-Ordoñez A, Seoane S, Avila L, Eiro N, Macía M, Arias E, Pereira F, García-Caballero T, Gómez-Lado N, Aguiar P, Vizoso F, Perez-Fernandez R. POU1F1 transcription factor induces metabolic reprogramming and breast cancer progression via LDHA regulation. Oncogene 2021; 40:2725-2740. [PMID: 33714987 PMCID: PMC8049871 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01740-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is considered hallmarks of cancer. Aerobic glycolysis in tumors cells has been well-known for almost a century, but specific factors that regulate lactate generation and the effects of lactate in both cancer cells and stroma are not yet well understood. In the present study using breast cancer cell lines, human primary cultures of breast tumors, and immune deficient murine models, we demonstrate that the POU1F1 transcription factor is functionally and clinically related to both metabolic reprogramming in breast cancer cells and fibroblasts activation. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that POU1F1 transcriptionally regulates the lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) gene. LDHA catalyzes pyruvate into lactate instead of leading into the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Lactate increases breast cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. In addition, it activates normal-associated fibroblasts (NAFs) into cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Conversely, LDHA knockdown in breast cancer cells that overexpress POU1F1 decreases tumor volume and [18F]FDG uptake in tumor xenografts of mice. Clinically, POU1F1 and LDHA expression correlate with relapse- and metastasis-free survival. Our data indicate that POU1F1 induces a metabolic reprogramming through LDHA regulation in human breast tumor cells, modifying the phenotype of both cancer cells and fibroblasts to promote cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anxo Martínez-Ordoñez
- grid.11794.3a0000000109410645Department of Physiology-Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain ,grid.5386.8000000041936877XPresent Address: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY USA
| | - Samuel Seoane
- grid.11794.3a0000000109410645Department of Physiology-Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Leandro Avila
- grid.11794.3a0000000109410645Department of Physiology-Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Noemi Eiro
- Research Unit, Hospital Fundación de Jove, Gijón, Spain
| | - Manuel Macía
- grid.488911.d0000 0004 0408 4897Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS)-University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Efigenia Arias
- grid.488911.d0000 0004 0408 4897Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS)-University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Fabio Pereira
- grid.488911.d0000 0004 0408 4897Department of Radiation Oncology, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS)-University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Tomas García-Caballero
- grid.488911.d0000 0004 0408 4897Department of Morphological Sciences, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS)-University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Noemi Gómez-Lado
- grid.11794.3a0000000109410645Molecular Imaging Group. Department of Psychiatry, Radiology, Public Health, Nursing and Medicine, and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS). University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Pablo Aguiar
- grid.11794.3a0000000109410645Molecular Imaging Group. Department of Psychiatry, Radiology, Public Health, Nursing and Medicine, and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS). University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | - Román Perez-Fernandez
- grid.11794.3a0000000109410645Department of Physiology-Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Castillo LF, Rivero EM, Goffin V, Lüthy IA. Alpha 2 -adrenoceptor agonists trigger prolactin signaling in breast cancer cells. Cell Signal 2017; 34:76-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Ambele MA, Pepper MS. Identification of transcription factors potentially involved in human adipogenesis in vitro. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2017; 5:210-222. [PMID: 28546992 PMCID: PMC5441431 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 11/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased adiposity in humans leads to obesity, which is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and cancer. We previously conducted an extensive unbiased in vitro transcriptomic analysis of adipogenesis, using human adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs). Here, we have applied computational methods to these data to identify transcription factors (TFs) that constitute the upstream gene regulatory networks potentially, driving adipocyte formation in human ASCs. METHODS We used Affymetrix Transcription Analysis Console™ v3.0 for calculating differentially expressed genes. MATCH™ and F-MATCH™ algorithms for TF identification. STRING v10 to predict protein-protein interactions between TFs. RESULTS A number of TFs that were reported to have a significant role in adipogenesis, as well as novel TFs that have not previously been described in this context, were identified. Thus, 32 upstream TFs were identified, with most belonging to the C2H2-type zinc finger and HOX families, which are potentially involved in regulating most of the differentially expressed genes observed during adipocyte differentiation. Furthermore, 17 important upstream TFs were found to have increased regulatory effects on their downstream target genes and were consistently up-regulated during the differentiation process. A strong hypothetical functional interaction was observed among these TFs, which supports their common role in the downstream regulation of gene expression during adipogenesis. CONCLUSION Our results support several previous findings on TFs involved in adipogenesis and thereby validate the comprehensive and systematic in silico approach described in this study. In silico analysis also allowed for the identification of novel regulators of adipocyte differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melvin Anyasi Ambele
- Department of Immunology and Institute for Cellular and Molecular MedicineSAMRC Extramural Unit for Stem Cell Research and TherapyFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa
| | - Michael Sean Pepper
- Department of Immunology and Institute for Cellular and Molecular MedicineSAMRC Extramural Unit for Stem Cell Research and TherapyFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa
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Gao Z, Xue K, Zhang L, Wei M. Over-Expression of POU Class 1 Homeobox 1 Transcription Factor (Pit-1) Predicts Poor Prognosis for Breast Cancer Patients. Med Sci Monit 2016; 22:4121-4125. [PMID: 27798557 PMCID: PMC5094475 DOI: 10.12659/msm.896107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The POU class 1 homeobox 1 transcription factor (POU1F1, also known as Pit-1) was reported to be associated with tumor progression and metastasis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of Pit-1 in breast cancer patients. Material/Methods The relative expression levels of Pit-1 in breast cancer patients were detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Chi-square analysis was used to analyze the association between Pit-1 expression and clinical features. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the overall survival of the patients and Cox regression analysis was used to analyze the prognostic value of Pit-1. Results Increased expression of Pit-1 was detected in the tumor tissues compared with the normal tissues (1.086 vs. 0.541) and the abnormal expression was associated with tumor size, clinical stage, tumor grade, and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). High expression level of Pit-1 was significantly associated with poor overall survival of the patients (P=0.001) and Cox regression analysis indicated that Pit-1 might be a prognostic factor for breast cancer prognosis (HR=1.955, 95% CI=1.295–3.035, P=0.003). Conclusions Pit-1 may be a potential prognostic biomarker for breast cancer patients and it is associated with tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongcheng Gao
- Department of Thyroid and Breat Surgery, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Kecheng Xue
- Department of Thyroid and Breat Surgery, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Lianfang Zhang
- , North Courtyard Of Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Meng Wei
- Department of Nursing, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China (mainland)
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Huang YL, Chou WC, Hsiung CN, Hu LY, Chu HW, Shen CY. FGFR2 regulates Mre11 expression and double-strand break repair via the MEK-ERK-POU1F1 pathway in breast tumorigenesis. Hum Mol Genet 2015; 24:3506-17. [PMID: 25788520 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The association between breast cancer risk and genetic variants of fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) has been identified and repeatedly confirmed; however, the mechanism underlying FGFR2 in breast tumorigenesis remains obscure. Given that breast tumorigenesis is particularly related to DNA double-strand-break-repair (DSBR), we examined the hypothesis that FGFR2 is involved in DSBR. Our results show that expression of Mre11, a vital exonuclease in DSBR, is downregulated by FGFR2, which is further linked to decreased DSBR. Analysis of the Mre11 promoter revealed that POU1F1 mediates FGFR2-induced Mre11 downregulation. Furthermore, ERK, downstream of FGFR2, directly interacts with and phosphorylates POU1F1, increasing POU1F1 binding capacity to the Mre11 promoter and repressing Mre11 expression, which consequently affects DSBR and sensitizes breast cancer cells to chemotherapeutic treatments. The importance of the FGFR2-Mre11-DSBR link in cancer progression is suggested by the finding that genotypes of FGFR2 and Mre11 are associated with survival of breast cancer patients and that FGFR2 expression correlates with cancer prognosis specifically in patients receiving chemotherapy. This study yields important insight into the role of FGFR2 in breast tumorigenesis and may facilitate development of a useful therapeutic approach for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Ling Huang
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan and
| | - Wen-Cheng Chou
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan and
| | - Chia-Ni Hsiung
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan and
| | - Ling-Yueh Hu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan and
| | - Hou-Wei Chu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan and
| | - Chen-Yang Shen
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan and College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichong 404, Taiwan
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Orphan nuclear receptor NR4A2 induces transcription of the immunomodulatory peptide hormone prolactin. JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION-LONDON 2015; 12:13. [PMID: 25717285 PMCID: PMC4339243 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-015-0059-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Nuclear receptor 4A2 (NR4A2) is an orphan nuclear receptor and constitutively active transcription factor expressed at elevated levels in inflamed joint tissues from patients with arthritis. Inflammatory mediators rapidly and potently induce NR4A2 expression in resident joint cells and infiltrating immune cells. This receptor promotes synovial hyperplasia by increasing proliferation of synoviocytes and inducing transcription of matrix degrading enzymes and pro-inflammatory mediators. In order to further elucidate the molecular mechanisms of NR4A2, we conducted a gene expression screen to identify novel transcriptional targets of NR4A2 that may contribute to arthritis progression. Methods NR4A2 was over-expressed in human synoviocytes by lentiviral transduction and gene expression changes were measured using qPCR arrays specific for inflammation, proliferation, adhesion, and migration pathways. Subsequent analysis focused on the most potently induced gene prolactin (PRL). Messenger RNA levels of PRL and PRL receptor (PRL-R) were measured by RT-qPCR and protein levels were measured by ELISA. PRL promoter studies were conducted in synoviocytes transiently transfected with NR4A2 and PRL reporter constructs. Molecular responses to PRL in synoviocytes were addressed using qPCR arrays specific for JAK/STAT signaling pathways. Results PRL was the most potently induced gene on the qPCR arrays, exhibiting a 68-fold increase in response to ectopic NR4A2. This gene encodes an immunomodulatory peptide hormone with roles in autoimmune diseases and inflammation. Induction of PRL mRNA and secreted protein by NR4A2 was confirmed in subsequent experiments, with increases of 300-fold and 18-fold respectively. Depletion of endogenous NR4A receptors with shRNA reduced basal and PGE2-induced PRL levels by 95%. At the transcriptional level, NR4A2 requires a functional DNA binding domain to transactivate the distal PRL promoter. Deletional analysis indicates that NR4A2 targets a region of the distal PRL promoter spanning −270 to -32 bp. In synoviocytes, recombinant PRL regulates several genes involved in inflammation, proliferation, and cell survival, suggesting that NR4A2 induced PRL may also impact these pathways and contribute to arthritis progression. Conclusions These results provide the first evidence for transcriptional regulation of the immunomodulatory peptide hormone PRL by NR4A2 in synoviocytes, and highlight a novel molecular pathway in inflammatory arthritis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12950-015-0059-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Sendon-Lago J, Seoane S, Eiro N, Bermudez MA, Macia M, Garcia-Caballero T, Vizoso FJ, Perez-Fernandez R. Cancer progression by breast tumors with Pit-1-overexpression is blocked by inhibition of metalloproteinase (MMP)-13. Breast Cancer Res 2014; 16:505. [PMID: 25527274 PMCID: PMC4305241 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-014-0505-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The POU class 1 homeobox 1 transcription factor (POU1F1, also known as Pit-1) is expressed in the mammary gland and its overexpression induces profound phenotypic changes in proteins involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion. Patients with breast cancer and elevated expression of Pit-1 show a positive correlation with the occurrence of distant metastasis. In this study we evaluate the relationship between Pit-1 and two collagenases: matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13), which have been related to metastasis in breast cancer. Methods We began by transfecting the MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 human breast adenocarcinoma cell lines with the Pit-1 overexpression vector (pRSV-hPit-1). Afterward, the mRNA, protein, and transcriptional regulation of both MMP-1 and MMP-13 were evaluated by real-time PCR, Western blot, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), and luciferase reporter assays. We also evaluated Pit-1 overexpression with MMP-1 and MMP-13 knockdown in a severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mouse tumor xenograft model. Finally, by immunohistochemistry we correlated Pit-1 with MMP-1 and MMP-13 protein expression in 110 human breast tumors samples. Results Our data show that Pit-1 increases mRNA and protein of both MMP-1 and MMP-13 through direct transcriptional regulation. In SCID mice, knockdown of MMP-13 completely blocked lung metastasis in Pit-1-overexpressing MCF-7 cells injected into the mammary fat pad. In breast cancer patients, expression of Pit-1 was found to be positively correlated with the presence of both MMP-1 and MMP-13. Conclusions Our data indicates that Pit-1 regulates MMP-1 and MMP-13, and that inhibition of MMP-13 blocked invasiveness to lung in Pit-1-overexpressed breast cancer cells. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13058-014-0505-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Sendon-Lago
- Department of Physiology- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), School of Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, Praza do Obradoiro, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain.
| | - Samuel Seoane
- Department of Physiology- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), School of Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, Praza do Obradoiro, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain.
| | - Noemi Eiro
- Unidad de Investigación, Fundacion Hospital de Jove, Avenida Eduardo Castro, Gijón, 33290, Spain.
| | - Maria A Bermudez
- Department of Physiology- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), School of Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, Praza do Obradoiro, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain.
| | - Manuel Macia
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, Praza do Obradoiro, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain.
| | - Tomas Garcia-Caballero
- Departments of Morphological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, Praza do Obradoiro, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain.
| | - Francisco J Vizoso
- Unidad de Investigación, Fundacion Hospital de Jove, Avenida Eduardo Castro, Gijón, 33290, Spain.
| | - Roman Perez-Fernandez
- Department of Physiology- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), School of Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, Praza do Obradoiro, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain.
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Sangeeta Devi Y, Halperin J. Reproductive actions of prolactin mediated through short and long receptor isoforms. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2014; 382:400-410. [PMID: 24060636 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2013.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2013] [Revised: 07/20/2013] [Accepted: 09/13/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Prolactin (PRL) is a polypeptide hormone with a wide range of physiological functions, and is critical for female reproduction. PRL exerts its action by binding to membrane bound receptor isoforms broadly classified as the long form and the short form receptors. Both receptor isoforms are highly expressed in the ovary as well as in the uterus. Although signaling through the long form is believed to be more predominant, it remains unclear whether activation of this isoform alone is sufficient to support reproductive functions or whether both types of receptor are required. The generation of transgenic mice selectively expressing either the short or the long form of PRL receptor has provided insight into the differential signaling mechanisms and physiological functions of these receptors. This review describes the essential finding that both long and short receptor isoforms are crucial for ovarian functions and female fertility, and highlights novel mechanisms of action for these receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Sangeeta Devi
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI-49503, USA.
| | - Julia Halperin
- Centro de Estudios Biomédicos, Biotecnológicos, Ambientales y Diagnóstico (CEBBAD), Universidad Maimónides, Hidalgo 775 6to piso, C1405BCK Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Rivadavia 1917, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Lisboa S, Cerveira N, Bizarro S, Correia C, Vieira J, Torres L, Mariz JM, Teixeira MR. POU1F1 is a novel fusion partner of NUP98 in acute myeloid leukemia with t(3;11)(p11;p15). Mol Cancer 2013; 12:5. [PMID: 23332017 PMCID: PMC3567982 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-12-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2012] [Accepted: 01/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background NUP98 gene rearrangements have been reported in acute myeloid leukemia, giving rise to fusion proteins that seem to function as aberrant transcription factors, and are thought to be associated with poor prognosis. Findings A patient with treatment-related acute myeloid leukemia presented a t(3;11)(p11;p15) as the only cytogenetic abnormality. FISH and molecular genetic analyses identified a class 1 homeobox gene, POU1F1, located on chromosome 3p11, as the fusion partner of NUP98. In addition, we have found that the patient harbored an FLT3-ITD mutation, which most likely collaborated with the NUP98-POU1F1 fusion gene in malignant transformation. Conclusions We have identified POU1F1 as the NUP98 fusion partner in therapy-related AML with a t(3;11)(p11;p15). This is the first POU family member identified as a fusion partner in human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Lisboa
- Department of Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute, Rua Dr, António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
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Featherstone K, White MRH, Davis JRE. The prolactin gene: a paradigm of tissue-specific gene regulation with complex temporal transcription dynamics. J Neuroendocrinol 2012; 24:977-90. [PMID: 22420298 PMCID: PMC3505372 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2826.2012.02310.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Transcription of numerous mammalian genes is highly pulsatile, with bursts of expression occurring with variable duration and frequency. The presence of this stochastic or 'noisy' expression pattern has been relatively unexplored in tissue systems. The prolactin gene provides a model of tissue-specific gene regulation resulting in pulsatile transcription dynamics in both cell lines and endocrine tissues. In most cell culture models, prolactin transcription appears to be highly variable between cells, with differences in transcription pulse duration and frequency. This apparently stochastic transcription is constrained by a transcriptional refractory period, which may be related to cycles of chromatin remodelling. We propose that prolactin transcription dynamics result from the summation of oscillatory cellular inputs and by regulation through chromatin remodelling cycles. Observations of transcription dynamics in cells within pituitary tissue show reduced transcriptional heterogeneity and can be grouped into a small number of distinct patterns. Thus, it appears that the tissue environment is able to reduce transcriptional noise to enable coordinated tissue responses to environmental change. We review the current knowledge on the complex tissue-specific regulation of the prolactin gene in pituitary and extra-pituitary sites, highlighting differences between humans and rodent experimental animal models. Within this context, we describe the transcription dynamics of prolactin gene expression and how this may relate to specific processes occurring within the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Featherstone
- Developmental Biomedicine Research Group, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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Feng T, Chu MX, Cao GL, Tang QQ, Di R, Fang L, Li N. Polymorphisms of caprine POU1F1 gene and their association with litter size in Jining Grey goats. Mol Biol Rep 2011; 39:4029-38. [PMID: 21769479 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-011-1184-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2010] [Accepted: 07/06/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Seven pairs of primers were designed to amplify 5' promoter region, six exons and partial introns and to detect the polymorphisms of POU1F1 gene in five goat breeds with different prolificacy. The results showed that six mutations were identified in caprine POU1F1 gene including C256T in exon 3, C53T and T123G in intron 3, and G682T (A228S), T723G and C837T in exon 6. The former four mutations were novel SNPs in goat POU1F1 gene. The 53 and 123 loci were in complete linkage disequilibrium in five caprine breeds. Regarding the 256 locus, the Jining Grey goat does with genotype CT had 0.66 kids more than those with genotype CC (P < 0.05), while does with genotype GT had 0.63 (P < 0.05) kids more than those with genotype GG at the 682 locus. The present study preliminarily showed an association between allele T at the 256 and 682 loci of POU1F1 gene and high litter size in Jining Grey goats. Totally 16 haplotypes and 50 genotypes were identified at the above six loci in POU1F1 gene of five goat breeds. Three common haplotypes (hap2, hap3 and hap4) were identified in five goat breeds joined. Four specific haplotypes (hap7, hap9, hap11 and hap13) were detected in Jining Grey goats. The predominant haplotype was hap1 (35.29% and 48.25%) in both Jining Grey and Guizhou White goats, while hap4 (50%) in Boer goats, and hap2 (42.86% and 38.75%) in both Wendeng Dairy and Liaoning Cashmere goats. The most frequent genotypes at six loci in the above five goat breeds were hap1/hap2 (14.38%) and hap1/hap4 (14.38%), hap1/hap2 (38.60%), hap4/hap4 (40.91%), hap2/hap4 (26.53%), hap2/hap5 (20.00%), respectively. The Jining Grey goat does with nine genotypes analyzed of POU1F1 gene showed no obvious difference in litter size.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Feng
- Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resources and Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
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Ben-Batalla I, Seoane S, Garcia-Caballero T, Gallego R, Macia M, Gonzalez LO, Vizoso F, Perez-Fernandez R. Deregulation of the Pit-1 transcription factor in human breast cancer cells promotes tumor growth and metastasis. J Clin Invest 2010; 120:4289-302. [PMID: 21060149 DOI: 10.1172/jci42015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2010] [Accepted: 09/15/2010] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The Pit-1 transcription factor (also know as POU1F1) plays a critical role in cell differentiation during organogenesis of the anterior pituitary in mammals and is a transcriptional activator for pituitary gene transcription. Increased expression of Pit-1 has been reported in human tumorigenic breast cells. Here, we found that Pit-1 overexpression or knockdown in human breast cancer cell lines induced profound phenotypic changes in the expression of proteins involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion. Some of these protumorigenic effects of Pit-1 were mediated by upregulation of Snai1, an inductor of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. In immunodeficient mice, Pit-1 overexpression induced tumoral growth and promoted metastasis in lung. In patients with invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast and node-positive tumor, high expression of Pit-1 was significantly correlated with Snai1 positivity. Notably, in these patients elevated expression of Pit-1 was significantly and independently associated with the occurrence of distant metastasis. These findings suggest that Pit-1 could help to make a more accurate prognosis in patients with node-positive breast cancer and may represent a new therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Ben-Batalla
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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