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Jayasinghe SN, Breier BH, McNaughton SA, Russell AP, Della Gatta PA, Mason S, Stonehouse W, Walsh DCI, Kruger R. Dietary Patterns in New Zealand Women: Evaluating Differences in Body Composition and Metabolic Biomarkers. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11071643. [PMID: 31323812 PMCID: PMC6682986 DOI: 10.3390/nu11071643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The combinations of food consumed together (dietary patterns) may have a greater influence on health than nutrients or food groups consumed independently. This study investigated the relationship between dietary patterns, body composition and metabolic biomarkers of premenopausal New Zealand women from three ethnic groups. In total, 408 New Zealand European, Māori and Pacific women aged 16-45 years participated in the Women's EXPLORE (EXamining Predictors Linking Obesity Related Elements) study. Participants completed a 220-item food frequency questionnaire. Several body composition parameters and metabolic biomarkers were measured. Dietary patterns were extracted by principal component analysis and dietary pattern scores were categorised into tertiles to assess links with other measured parameters. Women with higher scores for the 'refined and processed' pattern were younger, had higher body mass index, total body fat, plasma leptin and plasma insulin (p < 0.001), and lower plasma ghrelin levels (p < 0.05) than women with lower scores. In addition, more Māori (51%) and Pacific (68%) women followed the 'refined and processed' pattern, while more New Zealand European women (40%) followed the 'sweet and savoury snacking' pattern. These data show that dietary pattern analysis is a useful tool to assess links between diet and metabolic health. It further reveals interesting ethnic group-specific differences in dietary pattern use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakeela N Jayasinghe
- School of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, College of Health, Massey University, Auckland 0745, New Zealand
| | - Bernhard H Breier
- School of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, College of Health, Massey University, Auckland 0745, New Zealand
- Riddet Institute, Centre of Research Excellence, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Sarah A McNaughton
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne 3125, Australia
| | - Aaron P Russell
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne 3125, Australia
| | - Paul A Della Gatta
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne 3125, Australia
| | - Shaun Mason
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne 3125, Australia
| | - Welma Stonehouse
- Health and Biosecurity, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
| | - Daniel C I Walsh
- School of Natural and Computational Sciences, Massey University, Auckland 0745, New Zealand
| | - Rozanne Kruger
- School of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, College of Health, Massey University, Auckland 0745, New Zealand.
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Nakano A, Kawashima H, Miyake Y, Zeniya T, Yamamoto A, Koshino K, Temma T, Fukuda T, Fujita Y, Kakino A, Kanaya S, Sawamura T, Iida H. 123I-Labeled oxLDL Is Widely Distributed Throughout the Whole Body in Mice. Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2017; 52:144-153. [PMID: 29662563 DOI: 10.1007/s13139-017-0497-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) plays a key role in endothelial dysfunction, vascular inflammation, and atherogenesis. The aim of this study was to assess blood clearance and in vivo kinetics of radiolabeled oxLDL in mice. Methods We synthesized 123I-oxLDL by the iodine monochloride method, and performed an uptake study in CHO cells transfected with lectin-like oxLDL receptor-1 (LOX-1). In addition, we evaluated the consistency between the 123I-oxLDL autoradiogram and the fluorescence image of DiI-oxLDL after intravenous injection for both spleen and liver. Whole-body dynamic planar images were acquired 10 min post injection of 123I-oxLDL to generate regional time-activity curves (TACs) of the liver, heart, lungs, kidney, head, and abdomen. Regional radioactivity for those excised tissues as well as the bladder, stomach, gut, and thyroid were assessed using a gamma counter, yielding percent injected dose (%ID) and dose uptake ratio (DUR). The presence of 123I-oxLDL in serum was assessed by radio-HPLC. Results The cellular uptakes of 123I-oxLDL were identical to those of DiI-oxLDL, and autoradiograms and fluorescence images also exhibited consistent distributions. TACs after injection of 123I-oxLDL demonstrated extremely fast kinetics. The radioactivity uptake at 10 min post-injection was highest in the liver (40.8 ± 2.4% ID). Notably, radioactivity uptake was equivalent throughout the rest of the body (39.4 ± 2.7% ID). HPLC analysis revealed no remaining 123I-oxLDL or its metabolites in the blood. Conclusion 123I-OxLDL was widely distributed not only in the liver, but also throughout the whole body, providing insight into the pathophysiological effects of oxLDL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atushi Nakano
- 1Department of Investigative Radiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 5-7-1 Fujishiro-dai, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565 Japan.,2Department of Vascular Physiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 5-7-1 Fujishiro-dai, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Kawashima
- 1Department of Investigative Radiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 5-7-1 Fujishiro-dai, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565 Japan.,3Radioisotope Research Center, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, 1 Misasagi-shichono-cho, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Miyake
- 1Department of Investigative Radiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 5-7-1 Fujishiro-dai, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565 Japan
| | - Tsutomu Zeniya
- 1Department of Investigative Radiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 5-7-1 Fujishiro-dai, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565 Japan.,4Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan
| | - Akihide Yamamoto
- 1Department of Investigative Radiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 5-7-1 Fujishiro-dai, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565 Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Koshino
- 1Department of Investigative Radiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 5-7-1 Fujishiro-dai, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565 Japan
| | - Takashi Temma
- 1Department of Investigative Radiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 5-7-1 Fujishiro-dai, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565 Japan.,5Department of Biofunctional Analysis, Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Fukuda
- Department Radiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovacular Center, 5-7-1 Fujishiro-dai, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Fujita
- 7Department of Physiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan
| | - Akemi Kakino
- 7Department of Physiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan
| | - Shigehiko Kanaya
- Computational Systems Biology Laboratory, Graduate School of Information Science, Nara Institute of Science and Techonology, Takayama, Nara, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Sawamura
- 7Department of Physiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Iida
- 1Department of Investigative Radiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 5-7-1 Fujishiro-dai, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565 Japan.,Department Radiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovacular Center, 5-7-1 Fujishiro-dai, Suita, Osaka, Japan.,Computational Systems Biology Laboratory, Graduate School of Information Science, Nara Institute of Science and Techonology, Takayama, Nara, Japan
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Swierczynska MM, Lamounier-Zepter V, Bornstein SR, Eaton S. Lipoproteins and Hedgehog signalling--possible implications for the adrenal gland function. Eur J Clin Invest 2013; 43:1178-83. [PMID: 23992253 DOI: 10.1111/eci.12145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 07/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome is a common metabolic disorder that is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Disturbances in adrenal steroid hormone production significantly contribute to the development of this disorder. Therefore, it is extremely important to fully understand the mechanisms governing adrenal gland function, both in physiological and pathological conditions. RESULTS Recently, Sonic hedgehog has emerged as an important regulator of adrenal development, with a possible role in adult gland homeostasis. Recent work of our group shows that lipoproteins are important regulators of Hedgehog signaling; they act as carriers for the spread of Hedgehog proteins, but also contain lipid(s) that inhibit the pathway. CONCLUSIONS We propose that lipoproteins may affect Sonic hedgehog signaling in the adult adrenal gland at multiple levels. Understanding the interplay between lipoprotein metabolism and adrenal Hedgehog signaling may improve our understanding of how adrenal gland disorders contribute to the metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta M Swierczynska
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
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Patel BM, Bhadada SV. Type 2 diabetes-induced cardiovascular complications: comparative evaluation of spironolactone, atenolol, metoprolol, ramipril and perindopril. Clin Exp Hypertens 2013; 36:340-7. [DOI: 10.3109/10641963.2013.827699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Modified high-density lipoprotein modulates aldosterone release through scavenger receptors via extra cellular signal-regulated kinase and Janus kinase-dependent pathways. Mol Cell Biochem 2012; 366:1-10. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-012-1274-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2011] [Accepted: 02/16/2012] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Goettsch C, Rauner M, Sinningen K, Helas S, Al-Fakhri N, Nemeth K, Hamann C, Kopprasch S, Aikawa E, Bornstein SR, Schoppet M, Hofbauer LC. The osteoclast-associated receptor (OSCAR) is a novel receptor regulated by oxidized low-density lipoprotein in human endothelial cells. Endocrinology 2011; 152:4915-26. [PMID: 22009730 DOI: 10.1210/en.2011-1282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cross talks between the vascular and immune system play a critical role in vascular diseases, in particular in atherosclerosis. The osteoclast-associated receptor (OSCAR) is a regulator of osteoclast differentiation and dendritic cell maturation. Whether OSCAR plays a role in vascular biology and has an impact on atherogenic processes provoked by proinflammatory stimuli is yet unknown. We identified OSCAR on the surface of human primary endothelial cells. Stimulation of endothelial cells with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) caused a time- and dose-dependent induction of OSCAR, which was lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor 1 and Ca(2+) dependent. OSCAR was transcriptionally regulated by oxLDL as shown by OSCAR promoter analysis. Specific inhibition of the nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) pathway prevented the oxLDL-mediated increase of endothelial OSCAR expression. As assessed by EMSA, oxLDL induced binding of NFATc1 to the OSCAR promoter. Notably, in vivo-modified LDL from patients with diabetes mellitus stimulated OSCAR mRNA expression in human endothelial cells. Furthermore, apolipoprotein E knockout mice fed a high-fat diet showed an enhanced aortic OSCAR expression associated with increased expression of NFATc1. In summary, OSCAR is expressed in vascular endothelial cells and is regulated by oxLDL involving NFATc1. Our data suggest that OSCAR, originally described in bone as immunological mediator and regulator of osteoclast differentiation, may be involved in cell activation and inflammation during atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Goettsch
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine III, Technical University Medical Center, Fetscherstrasse 74, D-01307 Dresden, Germany
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Goettsch C, Rauner M, Hamann C, Sinningen K, Hempel U, Bornstein SR, Hofbauer LC. Nuclear factor of activated T cells mediates oxidised LDL-induced calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells. Diabetologia 2011; 54:2690-701. [PMID: 21701818 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-011-2219-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2011] [Accepted: 05/23/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Vascular calcification is a prominent feature of both atherosclerosis and diabetes, and is clinically associated with osteoporosis. The expression of bone-regulatory factors and the impact of oxidative stress in aortic calcification are well-documented. Recently, nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) cytoplasmic, calcineurin-dependent 1 (NFATc1) was identified in calcified aortic valves and has been implicated in vascular calcification. Therefore, we assessed the mechanisms of osteogenic transdifferentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells induced by oxidised LDL (oxLDL) and evaluated the role of NFAT in this process. METHODS Human coronary artery smooth muscle cells (HCASMCs) were cultured for 21 days in medium supplemented with oxLDL. NFAT was inhibited using the NFAT inhibitor VIVIT, or by knockdown with small interfering RNA (siRNA). Osteogenic transdifferentiation was assessed by gene expression, matrix mineralisation and alkaline phosphatase activity. RESULTS Exposure to oxLDL caused the transformation of HCASMCs towards an osteoblast-like phenotype based on increased mineral matrix formation and RUNX2 expression. NFATc1 blockade completely prevented oxLDL-induced osteogenic transformation of HCASMCs as well as oxLDL-induced stimulation of osteoblast differentiation. In contrast, matrix mineralisation induced by osteogenic medium was independent of the NFAT pathway. Of note, oxLDL-conditioned medium from HCASMCs transferred to bone cells promoted osteoblast mineralisation. Consistent with these in vitro findings, diabetic rats with a twofold increase in oxidised lipid levels displayed higher aortic calcium concentrations and increased expression of osteogenic markers and production of NFATc1. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our results identify the NFAT signalling pathway as a novel regulator of oxLDL-induced transdifferentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells towards an osteoblast-like phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Goettsch
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine III, Technical University Medical Center, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
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Modulation of adrenal aldosterone release by oxidative modification of low-density lipoprotein. Am J Hypertens 2010; 23:1061-8. [PMID: 20559286 DOI: 10.1038/ajh.2010.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serum aldosterone is a causative factor for various metabolic and cardiovascular disorders. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is a major cholesterol source for aldosterone steroidogenesis; however, the effect of oxidative modification of LDL on aldosterone release is not known. We studied the effect of hypochlorite-oxidized LDL (oxLDL) on adrenal aldosterone secretion. METHODS LDL (native LDL (natLDL)) was obtained from healthy volunteers and oxidatively modified in vitro. NCI-H295R cells were stimulated with natLDL and oxLDL, and the aldosterone release was quantified by radioimmunoassay. Molecular changes were studied with western blot analysis and quantitative RT-PCR analysis. RESULTS NatLDL and oxLDL caused dose-dependent increase in aldosterone release up to threefold. However, the stimulatory effects of modified LDL on aldosterone secretion decreased with increasing degree of LDL oxidation. 24-h incubations with natLDL, mild- and medium-oxidized LDL sensitized the adrenocortical cells to subsequent angiotensin II (Ang II) stimulations by 2.9-, 2.8-, and 2.5-folds, respectively. Heavily oxidized LDL did not sensitize the cells to Ang II stimulations to a similar extent. At the molecular level, the ERK pathway was activated within a minute by both natLDL and oxLDL; however, oxLDL showed a stronger (2.75-fold at 1 and 15 min) and longer (15 min) activation of ERK than natLDL (twofold). CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the following: (i) both natLDL and hypochlorite-oxidized LDL utilize ERK pathway to mediate aldosterone release; (ii) mildly oxidized LDL sensitizes the adrenocortical cells to further stimulations by Ang II similar to natLDL that may have a role in pathological processes; (iii) extensive LDL oxidation counteracts adrenocortical aldosterone release.
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Graessler J, Schwudke D, Schwarz PEH, Herzog R, Shevchenko A, Bornstein SR. Top-down lipidomics reveals ether lipid deficiency in blood plasma of hypertensive patients. PLoS One 2009; 4:e6261. [PMID: 19603071 PMCID: PMC2705678 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0006261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 256] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2009] [Accepted: 06/18/2009] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dyslipoproteinemia, obesity and insulin resistance are integrative constituents of the metabolic syndrome and are major risk factors for hypertension. The objective of this study was to determine whether hypertension specifically affects the plasma lipidome independently and differently from the effects induced by obesity and insulin resistance. Methodology/Principal Findings We screened the plasma lipidome of 19 men with hypertension and 51 normotensive male controls by top-down shotgun profiling on a LTQ Orbitrap hybrid mass spectrometer. The analysis encompassed 95 lipid species of 10 major lipid classes. Obesity resulted in generally higher lipid load in blood plasma, while the content of tri- and diacylglycerols increased dramatically. Insulin resistance, defined by HOMA-IR >3.5 and controlled for BMI, had little effect on the plasma lipidome. Importantly, we observed that in blood plasma of hypertensive individuals the overall content of ether lipids decreased. Ether phosphatidylcholines and ether phosphatidylethanolamines, that comprise arachidonic (20∶4) and docosapentaenoic (22∶5) fatty acid moieties, were specifically diminished. The content of free cholesterol also decreased, although conventional clinical lipid homeostasis indices remained unaffected. Conclusions/Significance Top-down shotgun lipidomics demonstrated that hypertension is accompanied by specific reduction of the content of ether lipids and free cholesterol that occurred independently of lipidomic alterations induced by obesity and insulin resistance. These results may form the basis for novel preventive and dietary strategies alleviating the severity of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juergen Graessler
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Carl Gustav Carus Medical School, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Dominik Schwudke
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular (MPI) of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Peter E. H. Schwarz
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Carl Gustav Carus Medical School, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ronny Herzog
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Carl Gustav Carus Medical School, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular (MPI) of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Andrej Shevchenko
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular (MPI) of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
- * E-mail: (AS); (SRB)
| | - Stefan R. Bornstein
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Carl Gustav Carus Medical School, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- * E-mail: (AS); (SRB)
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