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Lu L, Shang HQ. Advances in the application of auxiliary imaging techniques in parathyroid diseases. World J Clin Cases 2024; 12:2946-2950. [PMID: 38898826 PMCID: PMC11185382 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i17.2946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypoparathyroidism is one of the main complications after total thyroidectomy, severely affecting patients' quality of life. How to effectively protect parathyroid function after surgery and reduce the incidence of hypoparathyroidism has always been a key research area in thyroid surgery. Therefore, precise localization of parathyroid glands during surgery, effective imaging, and accurate surgical resection have become hot topics of concern for thyroid surgeons. In response to this clinical phenomenon, this study compared several different imaging methods for parathyroid surgery, including nanocarbon, indocyanine green, near-infrared imaging techniques, and technetium-99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile combined with gamma probe imaging technology. The advantages and disadvantages of each method were analyzed, providing scientific recommendations for future parathyroid imaging. In recent years, some related basic and clinical research has also been conducted in thyroid surgery. This article reviewed relevant literature and provided an overview of the practical application progress of various imaging techniques in parathyroid surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Lu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Beijing Haidian Hospital, Beijing 100080, China
| | - Hong-Qing Shang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Beijing Haidian Hospital, Beijing 100080, China
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Zhang YY, Xie N, Sun XD, Nice EC, Liou YC, Huang C, Zhu H, Shen Z. Insights and implications of sexual dimorphism in osteoporosis. Bone Res 2024; 12:8. [PMID: 38368422 PMCID: PMC10874461 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-023-00306-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis, a metabolic bone disease characterized by low bone mineral density and deterioration of bone microarchitecture, has led to a high risk of fatal osteoporotic fractures worldwide. Accumulating evidence has revealed that sexual dimorphism is a notable feature of osteoporosis, with sex-specific differences in epidemiology and pathogenesis. Specifically, females are more susceptible than males to osteoporosis, while males are more prone to disability or death from the disease. To date, sex chromosome abnormalities and steroid hormones have been proven to contribute greatly to sexual dimorphism in osteoporosis by regulating the functions of bone cells. Understanding the sex-specific differences in osteoporosis and its related complications is essential for improving treatment strategies tailored to women and men. This literature review focuses on the mechanisms underlying sexual dimorphism in osteoporosis, mainly in a population of aging patients, chronic glucocorticoid administration, and diabetes. Moreover, we highlight the implications of sexual dimorphism for developing therapeutics and preventive strategies and screening approaches tailored to women and men. Additionally, the challenges in translating bench research to bedside treatments and future directions to overcome these obstacles will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Na Xie
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Sun
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Edouard C Nice
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Yih-Cherng Liou
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Republic of Singapore
| | - Canhua Huang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Huili Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, Department of Reproductive Medicine, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Zhisen Shen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, 315040, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
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Hong T, Xiong X, Chen Y, Wang Q, Fu X, Meng Q, Lu Y, Li X. Parathyroid hormone receptor-1 signaling aggravates hepatic fibrosis through upregulating cAMP response element-binding protein-like 2. Hepatology 2023; 78:1763-1776. [PMID: 36939197 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Parathyroid hormone receptor-1 (PTH1R) is a class B G protein-coupled receptor central to skeletal development, bone turnover, and calcium homeostasis. However, the role of PTH1R signaling in liver fibrosis is largely unknown. Here, the role of PTH1R signaling in the activation of HSCs and hepatic fibrosis was examined. APPROACH AND RESULTS PTH1R was highly expressed in activated HSCs and fibrotic liver by using human liver specimens or carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 )-treated or methionine and choline-deficient diet (MCD)-fed C57/BL6 mice. The mRNA level of hepatic PTH1R was positively correlated to α-smooth muscle actin in patients with liver cirrhosis. Mice with HSCs-specific PTH1R deletion were protected from CCl 4 , MCD, or western diet, plus low-dose CCl 4 -induced liver fibrosis. Conversely, parathyroid hormone (PTH) aggravated liver fibrosis in CCl 4 -treated mice. Mouse primary HSCs and LX2 cell lines were used for in vitro experiments. Molecular analyses by luciferase reporter assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays in combination with mRNA sequencing in HSCs revealed that cAMP response element-binding protein-like 2 (Crebl2), a novel regulator in HSCs treated by PTH that interacted with mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 (SMAD3) and increased the transcription of TGFβ in activating HSCs and collagen deposition. In agreement, HSCs-specific Crebl2 deletion ameliorated PTH-induced liver fibrosis in CCl 4 -treated mice. CONCLUSIONS In both mouse and human models, we found that PTH1R was highly expressed in activated HSCs and fibrotic liver. PTH1R signaling regulated collagen production in the HSCs through Crebl2/SMAD3/TGFβ regulatory circuits. Blockade of PTH1R signaling in HSCs might help mitigate the development of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Hong
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuelian Xiong
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaqiong Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiuyu Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Fu
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of Translational Medicine, Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Qingnan Meng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Lu
- Institute of Metabolism and Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoying Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Massonnet P, Grifnée E, Farré-Segura J, Demeuse J, Huyghebaert L, Dubrowski T, Dufour P, Schoumacher M, Peeters S, Le Goff C, Cavalier E. Concise review on the combined use of immunocapture, mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography for clinical applications. Clin Chem Lab Med 2023; 61:1700-1707. [PMID: 37128992 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2023-0253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Immunocapture is now a well-established method for sample preparation prior to quantitation of peptides and proteins in complex matrices. This short review will give an overview of some clinical applications of immunocapture methods, as well as protocols with and without enzymatic digestion in a clinical context. The advantages and limitations of both approaches are discussed in detail. Challenges related to the choice of mass spectrometer are also discussed. Top-down, middle-down, and bottom-up approaches are discussed. Even though immunocapture has its limitations, its main advantage is that it provides an additional dimension of separation and/or isolation when working with peptides and proteins. Overall, this short review demonstrates the potential of such techniques in the field of proteomics-based clinical medicine and paves the way for better personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Massonnet
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, CHU de Liège, Centre de Recherche Intégré sur les Médicaments (CIRM), Liège, Belgium
- Clinical Chemistry, CIRM, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Elodie Grifnée
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, CHU de Liège, Centre de Recherche Intégré sur les Médicaments (CIRM), Liège, Belgium
- Clinical Chemistry, CIRM, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Jordi Farré-Segura
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, CHU de Liège, Centre de Recherche Intégré sur les Médicaments (CIRM), Liège, Belgium
- Clinical Chemistry, CIRM, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Justine Demeuse
- Clinical Chemistry, CIRM, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Loreen Huyghebaert
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, CHU de Liège, Centre de Recherche Intégré sur les Médicaments (CIRM), Liège, Belgium
- Clinical Chemistry, CIRM, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Thomas Dubrowski
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, CHU de Liège, Centre de Recherche Intégré sur les Médicaments (CIRM), Liège, Belgium
- Clinical Chemistry, CIRM, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Patrice Dufour
- Clinical Chemistry, CIRM, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | | | - Stéphanie Peeters
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, CHU de Liège, Centre de Recherche Intégré sur les Médicaments (CIRM), Liège, Belgium
| | - Caroline Le Goff
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, CHU de Liège, Centre de Recherche Intégré sur les Médicaments (CIRM), Liège, Belgium
- Clinical Chemistry, CIRM, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Etienne Cavalier
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, CHU de Liège, Centre de Recherche Intégré sur les Médicaments (CIRM), Liège, Belgium
- Clinical Chemistry, CIRM, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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Maurer J, Grouzmann E, Eugster PJ. Tutorial review for peptide assays: An ounce of pre-analytics is worth a pound of cure. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2023; 1229:123904. [PMID: 37832388 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2023.123904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
The recent increase in peptidomimetic-based medications and the growing interest in peptide hormones has brought new attention to the quantification of peptides for diagnostic purposes. Indeed, the circulating concentrations of peptide hormones in the blood provide a snapshot of the state of the body and could eventually lead to detecting a particular health condition. Although extremely useful, the quantification of such molecules, preferably by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry, might be quite tricky. First, peptides are subjected to hydrolysis, oxidation, and other post-translational modifications, and, most importantly, they are substrates of specific and nonspecific proteases in biological matrixes. All these events might continue after sampling, changing the peptide hormone concentrations. Second, because they include positively and negatively charged groups and hydrophilic and hydrophobic residues, they interact with their environment; these interactions might lead to a local change in the measured concentrations. A phenomenon such as nonspecific adsorption to lab glassware or materials has often a tremendous effect on the concentration and needs to be controlled with particular care. Finally, the circulating levels of peptides might be low (pico- or femtomolar range), increasing the impact of the aforementioned effects and inducing the need for highly sensitive instruments and well-optimized methods. Thus, despite the extreme diversity of these peptides and their matrixes, there is a common challenge for all the assays: the need to keep concentrations unchanged from sampling to analysis. While significant efforts are often placed on optimizing the analysis, few studies consider in depth the impact of pre-analytical steps on the results. By working through practical examples, this solution-oriented tutorial review addresses typical pre-analytical challenges encountered during the development of a peptide assay from the standpoint of a clinical laboratory. We provide tips and tricks to avoid pitfalls as well as strategies to guide all new developments. Our ultimate goal is to increase pre-analytical awareness to ensure that newly developed peptide assays produce robust and accurate results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Maurer
- Service of Clinical Pharmacology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Eric Grouzmann
- Service of Clinical Pharmacology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Philippe J Eugster
- Service of Clinical Pharmacology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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