1
|
Reyes AT, Cross CL. Relationships Among Rumination, Resilience, Mindfulness, and Perceived PTSD Symptoms in Military Veterans Returning to College: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv 2022:1-8. [DOI: 10.3928/02793695-20221027-05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
2
|
Reyes AT, Cross CL, Manzano ERM. The Moderating Role of Resilience on Mindfulness, Experiential Avoidance, and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Symptoms of College Student Veterans: A Cross-Sectional Study. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2022; 43:721-729. [PMID: 35285759 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2022.2051104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to investigate the moderating effect of resilience on the relationship between mindfulness, experiential avoidance, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom severity. A cross-sectional study design was used on a sample of 133 college student military veterans. We found a direct effect of mindfulness on PTSD and a significant mediating effect of experiential avoidance on the relationship between mindfulness and PTSD. Resilience also had a significant moderating effect on the relationship between mindfulness and PTSD. This study provides preliminary evidence on the usefulness of integrating resilience development in mindfulness-based interventions for trauma-related disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Chad L Cross
- School of Public Health, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shirley DM, Metz AJ, Hinkson KD, Drake-Brooks MM, Taylor JM, Artman SE, Burningham C, Bryan CJ. Academic Performance of College Student Servicemembers and Veterans: The Influence of Emotion Regulation, Self-Efficacy, and PTSD Symptom Severity. JOURNAL OF VETERANS STUDIES 2022. [DOI: 10.21061/jvs.v8i1.314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
|
4
|
Schroeder M, Perez RJ. Exploring the Salience of Veteran Identity for US College Students. JOURNAL OF VETERANS STUDIES 2022. [DOI: 10.21061/jvs.v8i1.289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
|
5
|
Dong X, Yang K, Zhang R, Lv Y. The Mental Health and Grade Point Average among College Students from Lower Socioeconomic Status Based on Healthcare Data Analysis. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2021; 2021:2378202. [PMID: 34900179 PMCID: PMC8654553 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2378202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the mediating role of social support in the relationships between mental health and academic achievement and used a sample of 640 college students from lower socioeconomic status (LSES) compared to 501 from higher socioeconomic status (HSES) in China. Self-report measures of depression, anxiety, Internet addiction, self-esteem, perceived social support, and grade point average (GPA) were measured online. Group differences were examined with Chi-square analyses. Results. (1) There were significant differences in mental health, academic achievement, and social support between LSES and HSES. (2) Anxiety, depression, and Internet addiction were significantly negatively correlated with academic achievement; self-esteem and social support were significantly positively correlated with academic achievement. (3) Social support has a mediating role between mental health and academic achievement. These results proved that it is necessary to pay more attention to their mental health and develop social support to improve their academic achievement for LSES students. Previous studies have paid little attention to the LSES students, but these students are more prone to psychological problems. Therefore, this study focuses on the LSES students.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Dong
- Mental Health and Counseling Center, Student Affairs, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kaige Yang
- College of Education, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ruxin Zhang
- Department of Economics and Management, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuecheng Lv
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Exposure to Violence, Coping, and Academic Achievement in Latinx Adolescents. SCHOOL MENTAL HEALTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12310-021-09484-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
7
|
Yousef L, Ebrahim O, AlNahr MH, Mohsen F, Ibrahim N, Sawaf B. War-related trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder prevalence among Syrian university students. Eur J Psychotraumatol 2021; 12:1954774. [PMID: 34589173 PMCID: PMC8475097 DOI: 10.1080/20008198.2021.1954774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is one of the most prevalent mental disorders in war-affected regions. Syria has endured 9 years of war and yet little is known about the impact of the conflict on the well-being of Syrians who remain. In this study, we investigated trauma and estimated PTSD prevalence among university students in Deir-ez-Zor, a Syrian governorate that was under the siege by ISIS for over 3 years. METHODS A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used on a sample of Al-Furat university students in Deir-ez-Zor. We collected data on socio-demographics, trauma exposure, and stress levels. PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 was used to provide prevalence rate estimates, and determine the symptom severity among Syrian university students. Binary logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with the development of PTSD symptoms. RESULTS A total of 833 students were recruited into the study, 86.4% of the participants were exposed to at least one traumatic event. The estimated PTSD prevalence was 28.2%, and the highest PTSD rates were found among students who were forced into sexual act (46.3%). A significant association was found between PTSD and internal displacement (p = .032), academic year (p = .002), and social economic status (p = .000). Binary logistic regression indicated that PTSD symptoms were predicted by smoking and third-year university students. CONCLUSIONS The results presented in this research revealed a high prevalence of trauma exposure and PTSD symptoms among a sample of university students in Deir-ez-Zor. These findings call for immediate actions to help the affected population in restoring their mental health, so they can be prepared to face the challenges and demands of the post-conflict period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Latifeh Yousef
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Syrian Private University, Damascus, Syria.,Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
| | - Omar Ebrahim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Syrian Private University, Damascus, Syria
| | - Mohammad Hareth AlNahr
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Syrian Private University, Damascus, Syria
| | - Fatema Mohsen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Syrian Private University, Damascus, Syria
| | - Nazir Ibrahim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Syrian Private University, Damascus, Syria
| | - Bisher Sawaf
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Syrian Private University, Damascus, Syria.,Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.,Department of Internal Medicine, Hamad General Hospital Administration, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Reyes AT, Serafica R, Sojobi A. College student veterans' experience with a mindfulness- and acceptance-based mobile app intervention for PTSD: A qualitative study. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2020; 34:497-506. [PMID: 33280672 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2020.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore college student military veterans' experience with a mindfulness- and acceptance-based smartphone app intervention. Upon the 4-week participation in the intervention, 23 student veterans took part in semi-structured interviews. In the thematic analysis of the interview transcripts, three main themes emerged: (1) generating momentum of app use; (2) optimizing the functions and benefits of the app; and (3) resolving to deepen the practice of mindfulness and acceptance. Considering the low engagement rates of several previous app-based studies, our results provide a useful framework for incorporating human feedback and support in enhancing users' engagement with the app.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Reimund Serafica
- School of Nursing, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Angela Sojobi
- School of Nursing, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Reyes AT, Muthukumar V, Bhatta TR, Bombard JN, Gangozo WJ. Promoting Resilience Among College Student Veterans Through an Acceptance-and-Commitment-Therapy App: An Intervention Refinement Study. Community Ment Health J 2020; 56:1206-1214. [PMID: 32274621 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-020-00617-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Military veterans' stigmatized views on mental disorders and traditional mental health care considerably reduce veterans' access to mental health services. The present study aimed to refine a previously developed non-stigmatizing smartphone-app intervention based on the principles of acceptance and commitment therapy for college student veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). To this end, we tested the acceptability of the developed prototype using a mixed-method study design. A total of nine student veterans participated in the study by using the app intervention and completing pre-post study measures and a post-intervention qualitative interview. The results showed that the intervention was highly acceptable. The results of the qualitative data analysis highlighted relevant themes related to strategies for improving the content, delivery, and structure of the intervention. The results also showed that, despite a decrease in the participants' adherence as the intervention progressed, there was a consistent improvement in the participants' resilience, PTSD, and rumination. Based on the results, the intervention was revised for prospective feasibility and efficacy testing. Our results highlight the need to use a collaborative approach in the early stage of the development of self-management PTSD interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Thomas Reyes
- School of Nursing, University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV), 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, Box 453018, Las Vegas, NV, 89154-3018, USA.
| | - Venkatesan Muthukumar
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Tirth R Bhatta
- Department of Sociology, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Judzia N Bombard
- School of Nursing, University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV), 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, Box 453018, Las Vegas, NV, 89154-3018, USA
| | - William J Gangozo
- School of Nursing, University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV), 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, Box 453018, Las Vegas, NV, 89154-3018, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Drake-Brooks MM, Hinkson KD, Osteen P, Bryan CJ. Examining the DSM-5 latent structures of posttraumatic stress disorder in a national sample of student veterans. J Anxiety Disord 2020; 74:102262. [PMID: 32603995 DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
To date, no studies have examined the latent structures of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) within a sample of student veterans. To examine these constructs in a student veteran sample (n = 297), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted on six different models of PTSD, including a one-factor model, based on the 20 symptoms found in the DSM-5; PTSD was assessed using the PCL-5. Global fit statistics suggest that fit across all models, including the 1-factor model, were good [RMSEAs(0.054-0.056); CFIs(0.928-0.940); SRMRs(0.043-0.045)], and the AIC was lowest for the seven-factor hybrid model. Statistical tests and fit guidelines for nested models suggest there is no quantitative advantage of a five, six, or seven-factor model over the existing DSM-5 four-factor model. Given the high percentage of student veterans that screened positive for a probable PTSD diagnosis (53 %) in this study compared to non-student veterans (11-20 %) and the general student population (11-15 %) found in other studies, further research is needed to assess the clinical utility of these symptoms and model structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Malisa M Drake-Brooks
- National Center for Veteran Studies, 260 South Campus Dr. Suite 3525, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States; College of Social Work at the University of Utah, 395 South 1500 East #111, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States.
| | - Kent D Hinkson
- National Center for Veteran Studies, 260 South Campus Dr. Suite 3525, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States; Department of Psychology at the University of Utah, 380 South 1530 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States
| | - Philip Osteen
- College of Social Work at the University of Utah, 395 South 1500 East #111, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States
| | - Craig J Bryan
- National Center for Veteran Studies, 260 South Campus Dr. Suite 3525, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States; Department of Psychology at the University of Utah, 380 South 1530 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Reyes AT, Bhatta TR, Muthukumar V, Gangozo WJ. Testing the acceptability and initial efficacy of a smartphone-app mindfulness intervention for college student veterans with PTSD. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2020; 34:58-66. [PMID: 32248935 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2020.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
This single-arm, pre-post feasibility study evaluated the acceptability and initial efficacy of a mindfulness smartphone-app intervention intended to promote resilience and improve posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms among college student military veterans. The app contained mindfulness exercises and meditations based on the acceptance and commitment therapy. Twenty-three student veterans used the app for four weeks. The results showed high levels of perceived satisfaction and usability of the app. Significant changes in resilience, mindfulness, PTSD, experiential avoidance, and rumination were observed. Future research is needed to test the intervention in a randomized controlled trial.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tirth R Bhatta
- Department of Sociology, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Venkatesan Muthukumar
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - William J Gangozo
- School of Nursing, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Reyes AT, Kearney CA, Bombard JN, Boni RL, Senette CL, Acupan AR. Student Veterans' Coping with Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms: A Glaserian Grounded Theory Study. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2019; 40:655-664. [PMID: 31135258 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2019.1591545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated the ways in which student military veterans cope with their posttraumatic stress symptoms. The participants were a total of 21 military veterans attending a U.S. university. The results of the grounded theory data analysis reveal the core category of modulating intrusions, a process indicating how student veterans cope with recurrent and unwanted posttraumatic stress experiences. Our findings also demonstrate that veterans cope by either avoiding or allowing themselves to experience the pain associated from their traumatic experiences. The proposed framework can be meaningfully used to facilitate the development of adaptive coping among veterans with posttraumatic stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Thomas Reyes
- a School of Nursing , University of Nevada Las Vegas , Las Vegas , Nevada , USA
| | - Christopher A Kearney
- b Department of Psychology , University of Nevada Las Vegas , Las Vegas , Nevada , USA
| | - Judzia N Bombard
- a School of Nursing , University of Nevada Las Vegas , Las Vegas , Nevada , USA
| | - Rebecca L Boni
- c College of Nursing , Michigan State University , East Lansing , Michigan , USA
| | - Carol Lynn Senette
- d School of Nursing , University of Alaska Anchorage , Anchorage , Alaska , USA
| | - Alvin Ryan Acupan
- a School of Nursing , University of Nevada Las Vegas , Las Vegas , Nevada , USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Cox CW. Military Students' Strengths and Challenges Based on Their Military Experiences: An Integrative Review. J Nurs Educ 2019; 58:392-400. [DOI: 10.3928/01484834-20190614-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
14
|
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to determine what is known about military veterans as students in higher education and inform nurse educators. BACKGROUND Military veterans are increasingly enrolling in higher education and in nursing programs and may provide a recruitment source for nursing education. METHOD A scoping review of literature published after 2011 was performed to determine characteristics of military veterans as students. Twelve sources were identified. RESULTS Military veterans have multiple strengths yet may also experience barriers to success. As a result, veterans may struggle to transition from the rigid military environment to the more relaxed college setting. CONCLUSION Military veterans may provide a recruitment source for the nursing workforce. Gaining knowledge of the strengths and barriers faced by these students may help nurse educators plan strategies for achieving academic success.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Dyar
- About the Author Kelly Dyar, EdD, RN, CNN, CNE, is an assistant professor, University of West Georgia, Carrollton, Georgia. The author gratefully acknowledges Dr. Cynthia Brown as dissertation chair throughout the conducting of this dissertation research study. The author also gratefully acknowledges both the National League for Nursing and the Southern Nursing Research Society for their funding through a dissertation scholarship and award, respectively. For more information, contact Dr. Dyar at
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Norman SB, Haller M, Kim HM, Allard CB, Porter KE, Stein MB, Venners MR, Authier CC, Rauch SAM. Trauma related guilt cognitions partially mediate the relationship between PTSD symptom severity and functioning among returning combat veterans. J Psychiatr Res 2018; 100:56-62. [PMID: 29486403 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Trauma related guilt, a distressing emotion associated with negative cognitions regarding one's actions or inaction during a traumatic event, is common among individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). We hypothesized that trauma related guilt cognitions would partially explain the relationship between PTSD symptom severity and functioning. The sample consisted of 254 combat veterans or active duty military personnel who served in Operation Enduring Freedom, Operation Iraqi Freedom or Operation New Dawn (OEF/OIF/OND) who consented to participate in a larger PTSD treatment study. Results revealed a significant relationship between PTSD severity and guilt cognitions (standardized β = 0.40), as well as PTSD and overall functioning (β = 0.49). Guilt cognitions (β's = 0.13 to 0.32) were significantly associated with nearly all domains of functioning, including overall functioning (β = 0.27), and partially explained the relationship between PTSD and functioning. This study lends support to the addition of guilt as a symptom of PTSD in the DSM-5 as it contributes significantly to functional impairment even when accounting for other symptoms of PTSD, although co-occurring mental health problems may also contribute to functional impairments associated with PTSD. Future studies are needed to investigate whether reductions in traumatic guilt are related to improved functional outcomes in PTSD treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S B Norman
- National Center for PTSD, 215 N. Main Street, White River Junction, VT 05009, United States; VA Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, MC116B, San Diego, CA 92161, United States; University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, United States.
| | - M Haller
- VA Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, MC116B, San Diego, CA 92161, United States; University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, United States
| | - Hyungjin Myra Kim
- VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, 2215 Fuller Road, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, United States; Center for Clinical Management Research, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, 2215 Fuller Road, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, United States; University of Michigan, Consulting for Statistics, Computing and Analytics Research, 3550 Rackham, 950 E. Washington Street, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States
| | - C B Allard
- University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, United States; VA San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 Villa La Jolla Drive, San Diego, CA 92161, United States; Solara Mental Health, 1321 Garnet Ave, San Diego, CA 92109, United States
| | - K E Porter
- VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, 2215 Fuller Road, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, United States; University of Michigan, Department of Psychiatry, 4250 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States
| | - M B Stein
- University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, United States; VA San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 Villa La Jolla Drive, San Diego, CA 92161, United States
| | - M R Venners
- VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, 2215 Fuller Road, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, United States
| | - C C Authier
- University of Michigan, Department of Psychiatry, 4250 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States
| | - S A M Rauch
- Atlanta VA Medical Center, 1670 Clairmont Road, Decatur, GA, 30033, United States; Emory University School of Medicine, 12 Executive Park, 3rd Floor, Atlanta, GA, 30029, United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Bressler R, Erford BT, Dean S. A Systematic Review of the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL). JOURNAL OF COUNSELING AND DEVELOPMENT 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/jcad.12190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Bressler
- Education Specialties Department; Loyola University Maryland
| | - Bradley T. Erford
- Education Specialties Department; Loyola University Maryland
- Now at Department of Human and Organizational Development; Vanderbilt University
| | - Stephanie Dean
- Education Specialties Department; Loyola University Maryland
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Eakman AM, Schelly C, Henry KL. Protective and Vulnerability Factors Contributing to Resilience in Post-9/11 Veterans With Service-Related Injuries in Postsecondary Education. Am J Occup Ther 2015; 70:7001260010p1-7001260010p10. [PMID: 26709427 DOI: 10.5014/ajot.2016.016519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine differences in psychosocial protective factors (social support, meaningful occupation, and academic self-efficacy) and health-related vulnerability factors (posttraumatic stress, depression, and somatic symptoms) contributing to resilience in post-9/11 veterans with service-related injuries and nonveterans in postsecondary education. METHOD A cross-sectional, matched-participants design using propensity score matching was used to test differences in mean levels of protective and vulnerability factors between injured veterans (n = 26) and nonveterans (n = 19); zero-order correlations explored relationships among study variables. RESULTS The veteran sample demonstrated lower levels of psychosocial protective factors and higher levels of health-related vulnerability factors compared with nonveterans (|0.49| to |1.56|). Psychosocial protective factors were consistently negatively associated with health-related vulnerability factors (-.27 to -.63). CONCLUSION Post-9/11 veterans with service-related injuries are at a substantial disadvantage in terms of resilience; lower protective factors and elevated vulnerability factors may increase their risk for poor campus integration and impede academic achievement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron M Eakman
- Aaron M. Eakman, PhD, OTR/L, is Assistant Professor and Director of Research, New Start for Student Veterans, Department of Occupational Therapy, Colorado State University, Fort Collins;
| | - Catherine Schelly
- Catherine Schelly, MEd, OTR/L, FAOTA, is Assistant Professor and Director, New Start for Student Veterans, Department of Occupational Therapy, Colorado State University, Fort Collins
| | - Kimberly L Henry
- Kimberly L. Henry, PhD, is Associate Professor, Department of Psychology and the Colorado School of Public Health, Colorado State University, Fort Collins
| |
Collapse
|