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Multifunctional nanoparticles for targeted delivery of immune activating and cancer therapeutic agents. J Control Release 2013; 172:1020-34. [PMID: 24140748 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Revised: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) have been extensively investigated for applications in both experimental and clinical settings to improve delivery efficiency of therapeutic and diagnostic agents. Most recently, novel multifunctional nanoparticles have attracted much attention because of their ability to carry diverse functionalities to achieve effective synergistic therapeutic treatments. Multifunctional NPs have been designed to co-deliver multiple components, target the delivery of drugs by surface functionalization, and realize therapy and diagnosis simultaneously. In this review, various materials of diverse chemistries for fabricating multifunctional NPs with distinctive architectures are discussed and compared. Recent progress involving multifunctional NPs for immune activation, anticancer drug delivery, and synergistic theranostics is the focus of this review. Overall, this comprehensive review demonstrates that multifunctional NPs have distinctive properties that make them highly suitable for targeted therapeutic delivery in these areas.
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Hernán Pérez de la Ossa D, Lorente M, Gil-Alegre ME, Torres S, García-Taboada E, Aberturas MDR, Molpeceres J, Velasco G, Torres-Suárez AI. Local delivery of cannabinoid-loaded microparticles inhibits tumor growth in a murine xenograft model of glioblastoma multiforme. PLoS One 2013; 8:e54795. [PMID: 23349970 PMCID: PMC3551920 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2012] [Accepted: 12/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cannabinoids, the active components of marijuana and their derivatives, are currently investigated due to their potential therapeutic application for the management of many different diseases, including cancer. Specifically, Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and Cannabidiol (CBD) – the two major ingredients of marijuana – have been shown to inhibit tumor growth in a number of animal models of cancer, including glioma. Although there are several pharmaceutical preparations that permit the oral administration of THC or its analogue nabilone or the oromucosal delivery of a THC- and CBD-enriched cannabis extract, the systemic administration of cannabinoids has several limitations in part derived from the high lipophilicity exhibited by these compounds. In this work we analyzed CBD- and THC-loaded poly-ε-caprolactone microparticles as an alternative delivery system for long-term cannabinoid administration in a murine xenograft model of glioma. In vitro characterization of THC- and CBD-loaded microparticles showed that this method of microencapsulation facilitates a sustained release of the two cannabinoids for several days. Local administration of THC-, CBD- or a mixture (1∶1 w:w) of THC- and CBD-loaded microparticles every 5 days to mice bearing glioma xenografts reduced tumour growth with the same efficacy than a daily local administration of the equivalent amount of those cannabinoids in solution. Moreover, treatment with cannabinoid-loaded microparticles enhanced apoptosis and decreased cell proliferation and angiogenesis in these tumours. Our findings support that THC- and CBD-loaded microparticles could be used as an alternative method of cannabinoid delivery in anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mar Lorente
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, School of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Esther Gil-Alegre
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Farmacia Industrial, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sofía Torres
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, School of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena García-Taboada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, School of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Jesús Molpeceres
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Alcalá University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Velasco
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, School of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Ana Isabel Torres-Suárez
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Farmacia Industrial, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
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Zhao P, Astruc D. Docetaxel nanotechnology in anticancer therapy. ChemMedChem 2012; 7:952-72. [PMID: 22517723 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201200052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2012] [Revised: 03/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Taxanes have been recognized as a family of very efficient anticancer drugs, but the formulation in use for the two main taxanes-Taxol for paclitaxel and Taxotere for docetaxel-have shown dramatic side effects. Whereas several new formulations for paclitaxel have recently appeared, such as Abraxane and others currently in various phases of clinical trials, there is no new formulation in clinical trials for the other main taxane, docetaxel, except BIND-014, a polymeric nanoparticle, which recently entered phase I clinical testing. Therefore, we review herein the state of the art and recent abundance in published results of academic approaches toward nanotechnology-based drug-delivery systems containing nanocarriers and targeting agents for docetaxel formulations. These efforts will certainly enrich the spectrum of docetaxel treatments in the near future. Taxotere's systemic toxicity, low water solubility, and other side effects are significant problems that must be overcome. To avoid the limitations of docetaxel in clinical use, researchers have developed efficient drug-delivery assemblies that consist of a nanocarrier, a targeting agent, and the drug. A wide variety of such engineered nanosystems have been shown to transport and eventually vectorize docetaxel more efficiently than Taxotere in vitro, in vivo, and in pre-clinical administration. Recent progress in drug vectorization has involved a combined therapy and diagnostic ("theranostic") approach in a single drug-delivery vector and could significantly improve the efficiency of such an anticancer drug as well as other drug types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengxiang Zhao
- ISM, UMR CNRS No. 5255, Univ. Bordeaux, 33405 Talence Cedex, France
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