[Influence of multimodal effect of cytoflavin in the acute brain stroke in patients with metabolic syndrome]

Effects of riboflavin in the treatment of brain damage caused by oxygen deprivation: an integrative systematic review

Brain oxygen deprivation causes morphological damage involved in the formation of serious pathological conditions such as stroke and cerebral palsy. Therapeutic methods for post-hypoxia/anoxia injuries are limited and still have deficiencies in terms of safety and efficacy. Recently, clinical studies of stroke have reported the use of drugs containing riboflavin for post-injury clinical rehabilitation, however, the effects of vitamin B2 on exposure to cerebral oxygen deprivation are not completely elucidated. This review aimed to investigate the potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects of riboflavin in cerebral hypoxia/anoxia. After a systematic search, 21 articles were selected, 8 preclinical and 12 clinical studies, and 1 translational study. Most preclinical studies used B2 alone in models of hypoxia in rodents, with doses of 1-20 mg/kg (in vivo) and 0.5-5 µM (in vitro). Together, these works suggested greater regulation of lipid peroxidation and apoptosis and an increase in neurotrophins, locomotion, and cognition after treatment. In contrast, several human studies have administered riboflavin (5 mg) in combination with other Krebs cycle metabolites, except one study, which used only B2 (20 mg). A reduction in lactic acidosis and recovery of sensorimotor functions was observed in children after treatment with B2, while adults and the elderly showed a reduction in infarct volume and cognitive rehabilitation. Based on findings from preclinical and clinical studies, we conclude that the use of riboflavin alone or in combination acts beneficially in correcting the underlying brain damage caused by hypoxia/anoxia and its inflammatory, oxidative, and behavioral impairments.

[Cognitive impairment in patients with metabolic syndrome. The current treatment possibilities]

AIM

To study the effect of therapy with cytoflavin on cognitive function in patients with metabolic syndrome (MS).

MATERIAL AND METHODS

The randomized controlled open study included 156 patients with MS. The mean age was 41.27±5.16 years. The duration of observation was 16 weeks. The main group of patients (n=78) received cytoflavin in the dose of 2 tablets 2 times a day. Patients in the control group (n=78) received basic therapy. All patients underwent neuropsychological testing at baseline, after 2 months and at the end of the study. Cognitive evoked potentials (Р300) were recorded to assess cognitive functions. The levels of plasma glucose and lipid profile were measured.

RESULTS

Cytoflavin improved cognitive functions. Two months after treatment, the results of neuropsychological testing and electrophysiological study were better in the main group compared to the control group.