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Wang A, Ma X, Bian J, Jiao Z, Zhu Q, Wang P, Zhao Y. Signalling pathways underlying pulsed electromagnetic fields in bone repair. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1333566. [PMID: 38328443 PMCID: PMC10847561 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1333566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) stimulation is a prospective non-invasive and safe physical therapy strategy for accelerating bone repair. PEMFs can activate signalling pathways, modulate ion channels, and regulate the expression of bone-related genes to enhance osteoblast activity and promote the regeneration of neural and vascular tissues, thereby accelerating bone formation during bone repair. Although their mechanisms of action remain unclear, recent studies provide ample evidence of the effects of PEMF on bone repair. In this review, we present the progress of research exploring the effects of PEMF on bone repair and systematically elucidate the mechanisms involved in PEMF-induced bone repair. Additionally, the potential clinical significance of PEMF therapy in fracture healing is underscored. Thus, this review seeks to provide a sufficient theoretical basis for the application of PEMFs in bone repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoao Wang
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Xinbo Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaqi Bian
- Senior Department of Orthopaedics, The Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | | | - Qiuyi Zhu
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yantao Zhao
- Senior Department of Orthopaedics, The Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Vilela FB, Silva ES, de Lourdes Noronha Motta Melo M, Oliveira RMP, Capellato P, Sachs D. Polymeric Orthosis with Electromagnetic Stimulator Controlled by Mobile Application for Bone Fracture Healing: Evaluation of Design Concepts for Medical Use. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:8141. [PMID: 36431627 PMCID: PMC9698363 DOI: 10.3390/ma15228141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Background: The occurrence of bone fractures is increasing worldwide, mainly due to the health problems that follow the aging population. The use of additive manufacturing and electrical stimulators can be applied for bioactive achievements in bone healing. However, such technologies are difficult to be transferred to medical practice. This work aims to develop an orthosis with a combined magnetic field (CFM) electrostimulator that demonstrates concepts and design aspects that facilitate its use in a real scenario. Methods: A 3D-printed orthosis made of two meshes was manufactured using PLA for outer mechanical stabilization mesh and TPU for inner fixation mesh to avoid mobilization. A CFM stimulator of reduced dimension controlled by a mobile application was coupled onto the orthosis. The design concepts were evaluated by health professionals and their resistance to chemical agents commonly used in daily activities were tested. Their thermal, chemical and electrical properties were also characterized. Results: No degradation was observed after exposure to chemical agents. The CMF achieved proper intensity (20-40 µT). The thermal analysis indicated its appropriate use for being modelled during clinical assessment. Conclusion: An orthosis with a coupled electrostimulator that works with a combined magnetic field and is controlled by mobile application was developed, and it has advantageous characteristics when compared to traditional techniques for application in real medical environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipe Bueno Vilela
- Centre for Studies and Innovation in Biofunctional Advanced Materials, Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Unifei-Federal University of Itajubá, Av. BPS, 1303, Itajubá 37500-903, MG, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Serafim Silva
- Centre for Studies and Innovation in Biofunctional Advanced Materials, Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Unifei-Federal University of Itajubá, Av. BPS, 1303, Itajubá 37500-903, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Rochelly Mariana Pedroso Oliveira
- Centre for Studies and Innovation in Biofunctional Advanced Materials, Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Unifei-Federal University of Itajubá, Av. BPS, 1303, Itajubá 37500-903, MG, Brazil
| | - Patricia Capellato
- Centre for Studies and Innovation in Biofunctional Advanced Materials, Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Unifei-Federal University of Itajubá, Av. BPS, 1303, Itajubá 37500-903, MG, Brazil
| | - Daniela Sachs
- Centre for Studies and Innovation in Biofunctional Advanced Materials, Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Unifei-Federal University of Itajubá, Av. BPS, 1303, Itajubá 37500-903, MG, Brazil
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Tong J, Chen Z, Sun G, Zhou J, Zeng Y, Zhong P, Deng C, Chen X, Liu L, Wang S, Chen J, Liao Y. The Efficacy of Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields on Pain, Stiffness, and Physical Function in Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Pain Res Manag 2022; 2022:9939891. [PMID: 35586276 PMCID: PMC9110240 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9939891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Although there are many pharmacological interventions for adults with osteoarthritis (OA) who do not meet the indications for surgery, side effects and adverse effects cannot be ignored. Physical interventions are known for their effectiveness and safety, and pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) have already been applied to skeletal diseases such as osteoporosis. Objective In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to assess the efficacy of PEMF on the major symptoms of patients with OA compared with efficacy of other interventions. Methods Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating OA patients treated with PEMF and with pain, stiffness, and physical function impairment since 2009 were included. The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Western Ontario McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) scores were used for assessment. All extracted data were analyzed using RevMan V.5.3. Results Eleven RCTs consisting of 614 patients were enrolled in this meta-analysis, of which 10 trials comprised knee OA and one comprised hand OA. Compared with the control groups, the PEMF treatment yielded a more favorable output. PEMF alleviated pain (standardized mean differences [SMD] = 0.71, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.08-1.34, p = 0.03), improved stiffness (SMD = 1.34, 95% CI: 0.45-2.23,p=0.003), and restored physical function (SMD = 1.52, 95% CI: 0.49-2.55,p=0.004). Conclusions PEMF therapy ameliorates OA symptoms such as pain, stiffness, and physical function in patients compared to other conservative treatments. There is an urgent need to search for different types of OA in multiple locations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Tong
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
- Rehabilitation Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Zhengyu Chen
- Department of Spine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Guanghua Sun
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
- Rehabilitation Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
- Rehabilitation Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Ye Zeng
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
- Rehabilitation Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Peirui Zhong
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
- Rehabilitation Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Chengyuan Deng
- Department of Anatomy, Hunan Traditional Chinese Medical College, Zhuzhou, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Xiaocui Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214000, China
| | - Liu Liu
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
- Rehabilitation Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Shiyong Wang
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
- Rehabilitation Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Jiaqian Chen
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
- Rehabilitation Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Ying Liao
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
- Rehabilitation Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
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