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Xiao W, Huang TE, Zhou J, Wang B, Wang X, Zeng W, Wang Q, Lan X, Xiang Y. Inhibition of MAT2A Impairs Skeletal Muscle Repair Function. Biomolecules 2024; 14:1098. [PMID: 39334864 PMCID: PMC11430595 DOI: 10.3390/biom14091098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The regenerative capacity of muscle, which primarily relies on anabolic processes, diminishes with age, thereby reducing the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions aimed at treating age-related muscle atrophy. In this study, we observed a decline in the expression of methionine adenosine transferase 2A (MAT2A), which synthesizes S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), in the muscle tissues of both aged humans and mice. Considering MAT2A's critical role in anabolism, we hypothesized that its reduced expression contributes to the impaired regenerative capacity of aging skeletal muscle. Mimicking this age-related reduction in the MAT2A level, either by reducing gene expression or inhibiting enzymatic activity, led to inhibiting their differentiation into myotubes. In vivo, inhibiting MAT2A activity aggravated BaCl2-induced skeletal muscle damage and decreased the number of satellite cells, whereas supplementation with SAM improved these effects. RNA-sequencing analysis further revealed that the Fas cell surface death receptor (Fas) gene was upregulated in Mat2a-knockdown C2C12 cells. Suppressing MAT2A expression or activity elevated Fas protein levels and increased the proportion of apoptotic cells. Additionally, inhibition of MAT2A expression or activity increased p53 expression. In conclusion, our findings demonstrated that impaired MAT2A expression or activity compromised the regeneration and repair capabilities of skeletal muscle, partially through p53-Fas-mediated apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yang Xiang
- Metabolic Control and Aging—Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Aging and Diseases, Human Aging Research Institute (HARI), School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China; (W.X.); (T.-E.H.); (J.Z.); (B.W.); (X.W.); (W.Z.); (Q.W.); (X.L.)
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Zhang Y, Jiao Z, Wang S. Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Release miR-378a-5p-Carried Extracellular Vesicles to Alleviate Rheumatoid Arthritis. J Innate Immun 2023; 15:893-910. [PMID: 37926093 PMCID: PMC10715757 DOI: 10.1159/000534830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigates whether bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) can affect rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by delivering microRNA (miR)-378a-5p to regulate the interferon regulatory factor 1/signal transducer and transcription 1 (IRF1/STAT1) axis. We identified RA-associated miRNAs using the GEO microarray dataset GSE121894. We found the most important miRNAs in RA synovial tissues using RT-qPCR. BMSC-derived EVs were ultracentrifuged and cocultured with human synovial microvascular endothelial cells (HSMECs) in vitro. Dual-luciferase and RNA immunoprecipitation studies examined miR-378a-5p's specific binding to IRF1. We also measured angiogenesis, migration, and proliferation using CCK-8, Transwell, and tube formation assays. Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice models were created by inducing arthritis and scoring it. RA synovial tissues had low miR-378a-5p expression, whereas BMSC-derived EVs had high levels. The transfer of miR-378a-5p by BMSC-derived EVs to HSMECs boosted proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis. miR-378a-5p inhibited IRF1. MiR-378a-5p-containing BMSC-derived EVs decreased STAT1 phosphorylation and HSMEC IRF1 expression. EVs with miR-378a-5p mimic promoted HSMEC proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis, whereas dexmedetomidine inhibited STAT1 phosphorylation. In CIA mice, BMSC-derived EVs containing miR-378a-5p enhanced synovial vascular remodeling and histopathology. Thus, miR-378a-5p from BMSC-derived EVs promotes HSMEC proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis, inactivating the IRF1/STAT1 axis and preventing RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqin Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
| | - Ziying Jiao
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Anhui No.2 Provincial People’s Hospital, Hefei, PR China
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Wu Z, Tan X, Zhou J, Yuan J, Yang G, Li Z, Long H, Yi Y, Lv C, Zeng C, Qin S. Discovery of New Triterpenoids Extracted from Camellia oleifera Seed Cake and the Molecular Mechanism Underlying Their Antitumor Activity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 12:antiox12010007. [PMID: 36670869 PMCID: PMC9854776 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Theasaponin derivatives, which are reported to exert antitumor activity, have been widely reported to exist in edible plants, including in the seed cake of Camellia oleifera (C.), which is extensively grown in south of China. The purpose of this study was to isolate new theasaponin derivatives from C. seed cake and explore their potential antitumor activity and their underlying molecular mechanism. In the present study, we first isolated and identified four theasaponin derivatives (compounds 1, 2, 3, and 4) from the total aglycone extract of the seed cake of Camellia oleifera by utilizing a combination of pre-acid-hydrolysis treatment and activity-guided isolation. Among them, compound 1 (C1) and compound 4 (C4) are newly discovered theasaponins that have not been reported before. The structures of these two new compounds were characterized based on comprehensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy and high-resolution mass spectrometry, as well as data reported in the literature. Secondly, the cytotoxicity and antitumor property of the above four purified compounds were evaluated in selected typical tumor cell lines, Huh-7, HepG2, Hela, A549, and SGC7901, and the results showed that the ED50 value of C4 ranges from 1.5 to 11.3 µM, which is comparable to that of cisplatinum (CDDP) in these five cell lines, indicating that C4 has the most powerful antitumor activity among them. Finally, a preliminary mechanistic investigation was performed to uncover the molecular mechanism underlying the antitumor property of C4, and the results suggested that C4 may trigger apoptosis through the Bcl-2/Caspase-3 and JAK2/STAT3 pathways, and stimulate cell proliferation via the NF-κB/iNOS/COX-2 pathway. Moreover, it was surprising to find that C4 can inhibit the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, which indicates that C4 has the potency to overcome the resistance to cancer drugs. Therefore, C1 and C4 are two newly identified theasaponin derivatives with antitumor activity from the seed cake of Camellia oleifera, and C4 is a promising antitumor candidate not only for its powerful antitumor activity, but also for its ability to function as an Nrf2 inhibitor to enhance the anticancer drug sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zelong Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
- School of Economics and Management, Hunan Open University, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Xiaofeng Tan
- The Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
- Key Laboratory of Non-Wood Forest Products of State Forestry Administration, College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
- Correspondence: (X.T.); (S.Q.)
| | - Junqin Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Jun Yuan
- The Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
- Key Laboratory of Non-Wood Forest Products of State Forestry Administration, College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Guliang Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Rice and Byproducts Processing, Food Science and Engineering College, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Ze Li
- The Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
- Key Laboratory of Non-Wood Forest Products of State Forestry Administration, College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Hongxu Long
- The Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
- Key Laboratory of Non-Wood Forest Products of State Forestry Administration, College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Yuhang Yi
- Laboratory of Food Function and Nutrigenomics, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Chenghao Lv
- Laboratory of Food Function and Nutrigenomics, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Chaoxi Zeng
- Laboratory of Food Function and Nutrigenomics, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Si Qin
- Laboratory of Food Function and Nutrigenomics, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Correspondence: (X.T.); (S.Q.)
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