[Molecular and clinical aspects of the effect of cytidyndiphosphocholine on cognitive functions]

OBJECTIVE

Systematization of the array of publications on cytidyldiphosphocholine (CDP-choline).

MATERIAL AND METHODS

Systematic computer analysis of all currently available publications on CDP-choline (1750 publications in PUBMED) using the topological theory of big data analysis.

RESULTS

CDP-choline is essential for acetylcholine biosynthesis, phospholipid metabolism, and DNA methylation. The article describes the effects of CDP-choline on acetylcholinergic and other types of neurotransmission, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective and neurotrophic effects of CDP-choline. Also, the paper presents the effects of the molecule on lipid metabolism and gene expression within the post-genomic paradigm (in particular, an increase in the expression of nicotinic and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors). The results of fundamental and clinical studies of CDP-choline in the treatment of cognitive impairments associated with cerebral ischemia and neurodegeneration are presented.

CONCLUSION

The pharmacological effects of CDP-choline are mediated through multiple molecular mechanisms that contribute to the nootropic action of this molecule.

Role of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in cardiovascular risk management

The review provides data on a modern cardiovascular risk management according to Russian and European guidelines Particular emphasis is placed on residual cardiovascular risk and related marker — atherogenic dyslipidemia. The contribution of residual risk factors, in particular hypertriglyceridemia, to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes and other metabolic disorders is considered in depth. Current guidelines on the modern therapy of hypertriglyceridemia are given. The important role of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in cardiovascular risk management is discussed in the context of recent large clinical trials.