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Mandal D, Sarkar T, Chakraborty R. Critical Review on Nutritional, Bioactive, and Medicinal Potential of Spices and Herbs and Their Application in Food Fortification and Nanotechnology. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 195:1319-1513. [PMID: 36219334 PMCID: PMC9551254 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04132-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal or herbal spices are grown in tropical moist evergreen forestland, surrounding most of the tropical and subtropical regions of Eastern Himalayas in India (Sikkim, Darjeeling regions), Bhutan, Nepal, Pakistan, Iran, Afghanistan, a few Central Asian countries, Middle East, USA, Europe, South East Asia, Japan, Malaysia, and Indonesia. According to the cultivation region surrounded, economic value, and vogue, these spices can be classified into major, minor, and colored tropical spices. In total, 24 tropical spices and herbs (cardamom, black jeera, fennel, poppy, coriander, fenugreek, bay leaves, clove, chili, cassia bark, black pepper, nutmeg, black mustard, turmeric, saffron, star anise, onion, dill, asafoetida, celery, allspice, kokum, greater galangal, and sweet flag) are described in this review. These spices show many pharmacological activities like anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, central nervous system, and antioxidant activities. Numerous bioactive compounds are present in these selected spices, such as 1,8-cineole, monoterpene hydrocarbons, γ-terpinene, cuminaldehyde, trans-anethole, fenchone, estragole, benzylisoquinoline alkaloids, eugenol, cinnamaldehyde, piperine, linalool, malabaricone C, safrole, myristicin, elemicin, sinigrin, curcumin, bidemethoxycurcumin, dimethoxycurcumin, crocin, picrocrocin, quercetin, quercetin 4'-O-β-glucoside, apiol, carvone, limonene, α-phellandrene, galactomannan, rosmarinic acid, limonene, capsaicinoids, eugenol, garcinol, and α-asarone. Other than that, various spices are used to synthesize different types of metal-based and polymer-based nanoparticles like zinc oxide, gold, silver, selenium, silica, and chitosan nanoparticles which provide beneficial health effects such as antioxidant, anti-carcinogenic, anti-diabetic, enzyme retardation effect, and antimicrobial activity. The nanoparticles can also be used in environmental pollution management like dye decolorization and in chemical industries to enhance the rate of reaction by the use of catalytic activity of the nanoparticles. The nutritional value, phytochemical properties, health advantages, and both traditional and modern applications of these spices, along with their functions in food fortification, have been thoroughly discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debopriya Mandal
- Department of Food Technology and Biochemical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Tanmay Sarkar
- Department of Food Processing Technology, Malda Polytechnic, West Bengal State Council of Technical Education, Govt. of West Bengal, Malda, 732102, India.
| | - Runu Chakraborty
- Department of Food Technology and Biochemical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India.
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Popova V, Ivanova T, Stoyanova M, Mazova N, Dimitrova-Dyulgerova I, Stoyanova A, Ercisli S, Assouguem A, Kara M, Topcu H, Farah A, Elossaily GM, Shahat AA, Shazly GA. Phytochemical analysis of leaves and stems of Physalis alkekengi L. (Solanaceae). OPEN CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2022-0226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Physalis alkekengi L. (Solanaceae) is encountered in different regions of Bulgaria as a wild growing or ornamental plant. The objective of this work was to characterize the phytochemical composition (macro and micro components) of the leaves and stems of two local phenotypes (PA-SB and PA-NB), with the view of revealing their use potential. The dry leaves contained (DW) protein (16.25 and 19.27%), cellulose (25.16 and 25.31%), and ash (18.28 and 16.16%) and the stems contained protein (6.83 and 7.35%), cellulose (39.34 and 38.25%), and ash (15.01 and 7.48%) for PA-SB and PA-NB, respectively. The dominant amino acids (by HPLC) in the leaves of both phenotypes were arginine (21.3–22.3 mg/g) and aspartic acid (8.8–18.4 mg/g), and those in the stems were proline and aspartic acid for PA-SB (8.8, 7.7 mg/g); isoleucine and tyrosine for PA-NB (12.8, 6.6 mg/g). Mineral elements, determined by AAS (K, Ca, Mg, Na, Cu, Fe, Zn, Mn, Pb, Cr), also varied between phenotypes and plant parts. The leaves alone were further processed by extraction with n-hexane, for the identification of leaf volatiles (by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry). The analysis identified 28 components (97.99%) in the leaf extract of PA-SB and 32 components (97.50%) in that of PA-NB. The volatile profile of PA-SB leaves was dominated by diterpenes (49.96%) and oxygenated sesquiterpenes (35.61%), while that of PA-NB was dominated by oxygenated aliphatics (40.01%) and diterpenes (35.19%). To the best of our knowledge, the study provides the first data about the phytochemical composition of the leaves and stems of P. alkekengi from Bulgaria, in a direct comparison of phenotypes from two distinct wild populations, which could be of further scientific interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venelina Popova
- Department of Tobacco, Sugar, Vegetable and Essential Oils, University of Food Technologies , 4002 Plovdiv , Bulgaria
| | - Tanya Ivanova
- Department of Tobacco, Sugar, Vegetable and Essential Oils, University of Food Technologies , 4002 Plovdiv , Bulgaria
| | - Magdalena Stoyanova
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Physical Chemistry, University of Food Technologies , 4002 Plovdiv , Bulgaria
| | - Nadezhda Mazova
- Department of Engineering Ecology, University of Food Technologies , 4002 Plovdiv , Bulgaria
| | - Ivanka Dimitrova-Dyulgerova
- Department of Botany and Methods of Biology Teaching, Faculty of Biology, University of Plovdiv “Paisii Hilendarski” , 24 Tzar Assen Str ., 4000 Plovdiv , Bulgaria
| | - Albena Stoyanova
- Department of Tobacco, Sugar, Vegetable and Essential Oils, University of Food Technologies , 4002 Plovdiv , Bulgaria
| | - Sezai Ercisli
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ataturk University , 25240 Erzurum , Turkey
| | - Amine Assouguem
- Laboratory of Functional Ecology and Environment, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University , Imouzzer Street , Fez P.O. Box 2202 , Morocco
- Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University , Imouzzer Street , Fez P.O. Box 2202 , Morocco
| | - Mohammed Kara
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Conservation and Valorisation of Natural Resources (LBCVNR), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mehraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah University , Fez 30000 , Morocco
| | - Hayat Topcu
- Agricultural Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Namik Kemal University , 59030 Tekirdag , Turkey
| | - Abdellah Farah
- Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University , Imouzzer Street , Fez P.O. Box 2202 , Morocco
| | - Gehan M. Elossaily
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University , P.O. Box 71666 , Riyadh 11597 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelaaty A. Shahat
- Department of Pharmacognosy (Medicinal, Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center), College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , P.O. Box 2457 , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry of Medicinal Plants Department, National Research Centre , 33 EI-Bohouth st , Dokki , Giza 12622 , Egypt
| | - Gamal A. Shazly
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , P.O. Box 2457 , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia
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Popova V, Petkova Z, Mazova N, Ivanova T, Petkova N, Stoyanova M, Stoyanova A, Ercisli S, Okcu Z, Skrovankova S, Mlcek J. Chemical Composition Assessment of Structural Parts (Seeds, Peel, Pulp) of Physalis alkekengi L. Fruits. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27185787. [PMID: 36144521 PMCID: PMC9501157 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years there has been an extensive search for nature-based products with functional potential. All structural parts of Physalis alkekengi (bladder cherry), including fruits, pulp, and less-explored parts, such as seeds and peel, can be considered sources of functional macro- and micronutrients, bioactive compounds, such as vitamins, minerals, polyphenols, and polyunsaturated fatty acids, and dietetic fiber. The chemical composition of all fruit structural parts (seeds, peel, and pulp) of two phenotypes of P. alkekengi were studied. The seeds were found to be a rich source of oil, yielding 14–17%, with abundant amounts of unsaturated fatty acids (over 88%) and tocopherols, or vitamin E (up to 5378 mg/kg dw; dry weight). The predominant fatty acid in the seed oils was linoleic acid, followed by oleic acid. The seeds contained most of the fruit’s protein (16–19% dw) and fiber (6–8% dw). The peel oil differed significantly from the seed oil in fatty acid and tocopherol composition. Seed cakes, the waste after oil extraction, contained arginine and aspartic acid as the main amino acids; valine, phenylalanine, threonine, and isoleucine were present in slightly higher amounts than the other essential amino acids. They were also rich in key minerals, such as K, Mg, Fe, and Zn. From the peel and pulp fractions were extracted fruit concretes, aromatic products with specific fragrance profiles, of which volatile compositions (GC-MS) were identified. The major volatiles in peel and pulp concretes were β-linalool, α-pinene, and γ-terpinene. The results from the investigation substantiated the potential of all the studied fruit structures as new sources of bioactive compounds that could be used as prospective sources in human and animal nutrition, while the aroma-active compounds in the concretes supported the plant’s potential in perfumery and cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venelina Popova
- Department of Tobacco, Sugar, Vegetable and Essential Oils, University of Food Technologies, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Zhana Petkova
- Department of Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Plovdiv “Paisii Hilendarski”, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Nadezhda Mazova
- Department of Engineering Ecology, University of Food Technologies, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Tanya Ivanova
- Department of Tobacco, Sugar, Vegetable and Essential Oils, University of Food Technologies, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Nadezhda Petkova
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Food Technologies, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Magdalena Stoyanova
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Physical Chemistry, University of Food Technologies, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Albena Stoyanova
- Department of Tobacco, Sugar, Vegetable and Essential Oils, University of Food Technologies, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Sezai Ercisli
- Department of Horticulture, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Zuhal Okcu
- Department of Gastronomy, Faculty of Tourism, Ataturk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Sona Skrovankova
- Department of Food Analysis and Chemistry, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, 76001 Zlin, Czech Republic
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-57603-1524
| | - Jiri Mlcek
- Department of Food Analysis and Chemistry, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, 76001 Zlin, Czech Republic
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Which Extraction Solvents and Methods Are More Effective in Terms of Chemical Composition and Biological Activity of Alceafasciculiflora from Turkey? Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27155011. [PMID: 35956963 PMCID: PMC9370370 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27155011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The bioactive content, antioxidant properties, and enzyme inhibition properties of extracts of Alcea fasciculiflora from Turkey prepared with different solvents (water, methanol, ethyl acetate) and extraction methods (maceration, soxhlet, homogenizer assisted extraction, and ultrasound assisted extraction) were examined in this study. UHPLC-HRMS analysis detected or annotated a total of 50 compounds in A. fasciculiflora extracts, including 18 hydroxybenzoic and hydroxycinnamic acids, 7 Hexaric acids, 7 Coumarins, 15 Flavonoids, and 3 hydroxycinnamic acid amides. The extracts had phenolic and flavonoid levels ranging from 14.25 to 24.87 mg GAE/g and 1.68 to 25.26 mg RE/g, respectively, in the analysis. Both DPPH and ABTS tests revealed radical scavenging capabilities (between 2.63 and 35.33 mg TE/g and between 13.46 and 76.27 mg TE/g, respectively). The extracts had reducing properties (CUPRAC: 40.38–78 TE/g and FRAP: 17.51–42.58 TE/g). The extracts showed metal chelating activity (18.28–46.71 mg EDTAE/g) as well as total antioxidant capacity (phosphomolybdenum test) (0.90–2.12 mmol TE/g). DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and metal chelating tests indicated the water extracts to be the best antioxidants, while the ethyl acetate extracts had the highest overall antioxidant capacity regardless of the extraction technique. Furthermore, anti-acetylcholinesterase activity was identified in all extracts (0.17–2.80 mg GALAE/g). The water extracts and the ultrasound-assisted ethyl acetate extract were inert against butyrylcholinesterase, but the other extracts showed anti-butyrylcholinesterase activity (1.17–5.80 mg GALAE/g). Tyrosine inhibitory action was identified in all extracts (1.79–58.93 mg KAE/g), with the most effective methanolic extracts. Only the ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts produced by maceration and homogenizer aided extraction showed glucosidase inhibition (0.11–1.11 mmol ACAE/g). These findings showed the overall bioactivity of the different extracts of A. fasciculiflora and provided an overview of the combination of solvent type and extraction method that could yield bioactive profile and pharmacological properties of interest and hence, could be a useful reference for future studies on this species.
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Mehrabadi MM, Zarshenas MM. A Concise Overview of Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Clinical Aspects of Persian Cumin; Bunium persicum (Boiss.) B.Fedtsch. Curr Drug Discov Technol 2020; 18:485-491. [PMID: 32652916 DOI: 10.2174/1570163817666200712164712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Bunium persicum is one of the most medically and economically important species of the Apiaceae family. Despite a variety of phytochemical and experimental research on this species, there is no considerable update on all related outcomes. Accordingly, current work compiles an overview of Cumin's phytochemical and pharmacological activities. Papers related to phytochemistry, pharmacology and clinical properties of B. persicum were filtered from databases as PubMed, ScienceDirect and Scopus with the term "Bunium persicum" till 15th May 2020. Genetic, pure pharmaceutical and agriculture papers were excluded. Moreover, traditional applications of this herb in Persian medicine were studied and included. In all, 54 papers reporting the compositions, Anticonvulsant, antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-glycation, antidiarrhea, anti-hematotoxic, anti-toxoplasmosis, hypoglycemic, larvicidal, scolicidal, anticholinergic and antihistaminic activities of B. persicum as well as reducing and stabilizing effects in nanoparticles. Three clinical trials have also been conducted on B. persicum. There are also numerous effects, cited in traditional manuscripts such as gastroprotective, kidney tonic, slimming activity and antidote for poisons. The most dominant chemical composition of Cumin is the essential oil, responsible for various potent antimicrobial and antifungal activities. The herb also contains phenolic and flavonoid compounds that reflect the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Many of the experimental and pharmacological studies on B. persicum have traces in traditional manuscripts. There are also medical aspects that have not yet been evaluated. Despite various experimental investigations, lack of extensive clinical studies, which is currently limited to few trials on remarked activities of B. persicum is still remained to be covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahkameh Moradi Mehrabadi
- Department of Phytopharmaceuticals (Traditional Pharmacy), School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad M Zarshenas
- Department of Phytopharmaceuticals (Traditional Pharmacy), School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Namjoyan F, Jahangiri A, Azemi ME, Mousavi H. Inhibitory Effects of Urginea maritima (L.) Baker, Zhumeria majdae Rech. F. and Wendelbo and Physalis divaricata D. Don Ethanolic Extracts on Mushroom Tyrosinase. PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2016. [DOI: 10.15171/ps.2016.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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