Ophthalmic markers of the diabetic polyneuropathy

[Prognostic value of changes in the cornea and conjunctiva in diabetes mellitus]

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most common endocrine disease, and therefore a pressing medical and social problem. In many cases, ocular manifestations of DM are considered the particular cause of patients' disability. The review presents an analysis of morphological, experimental and clinical studies of the cornea in patients with diabetes mellitus - full articles, reviews and monographs of Russian and foreign authors, mostly those published in the recent years. Among the considered topics are modern methods of examining conjunctiva and cornea, clinical and morphological changes in these tissues, and the early diabetic changes in all their structural layers. The review also describes the importance of diabetes-related changes in the conjunctival vessels and corneal nerve fibers and shows the correlation between the densities of corneal nerve fibers and epidermal nerve fibers.