1
|
Tofighi Niaki M, Hasan Sheikhha M, Ali Khalili M, Fesahat F, Nabi A, Izadi M, Ghasemi Esmailabad S, Reza Talebi A. Possible Harmful Effects of Smoking Hookah on Sperm DNA Fragmentation Index and Protamine Genes Expression in Normozoospermic Men. Subst Abuse 2023; 17:11782218221144547. [PMID: 36618126 PMCID: PMC9810994 DOI: 10.1177/11782218221144547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Objectives In recent years, smoking water pipes or hookah has increased among adolescents in most countries. Although there is evidence in support of the negative effects of this type of smoking on human health, such as the increased risk of lung disease, little is known about the potential effects of hookah smoking on the male reproductive system, especially on the molecular aspects of sperm. Patients and methods This cross-sectional study examined sperm DNA fragmentation index, protamine 1 and 2 (PRM1 and PRM2) genes expression, and oxidant status in normozoospermic hookah smokers in comparison with non-smoker controls. Results Our results showed significantly higher rates of DNA fragmentation, protamine deficiency, and abnormal chromatin condensation in the spermatozoa of hookah smokers (P < .0001). Also, protamine gene expression showed a remarkable decrease in hookah smokers (1.55 ± 2.54 and 0.33 ± 0.54) compared to the controls (3.49 ± 5.41 and 1.22 ± 1.96), although the reduction was not statistically significant (P = .155 and P = .066, respectively). Moreover, a significantly higher level of semen MDA was observed in the case group compared to the controls (0.39 ± 1.04 vs 0.15 ± 0.21; P = .013). Conclusion According to our study, although hookah smoking does not have a significant effect on sperm parameters, it may have deleterious effects on DNA integrity, oxidative status, and nuclear protein levels of spermatozoa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Hasan Sheikhha
- Abortion Research Center, Yazd
Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences,
Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Khalili
- Reproductive Biology, Yazd Reproductive
Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Fesahat
- Reproductive Immunology Research
Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Ali Nabi
- Andrology Research Center, Yazd
Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences,
Yazd, Iran,Ali Reza Talebi, Andrology Research Center,
Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical
Sciences, Safayeh, Booali Avenue, Yazd 8916877391, Iran.
| | - Mahin Izadi
- Reproductive Biology, Yazd Reproductive
Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Saeed Ghasemi Esmailabad
- Department of Tissue Engineering and
Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University
of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Reza Talebi
- Andrology Research Center, Yazd
Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences,
Yazd, Iran,Ali Reza Talebi, Andrology Research Center,
Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical
Sciences, Safayeh, Booali Avenue, Yazd 8916877391, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gautam P, Sharma E, Li T, Maziak W. Prevalence and predictors of waterpipe smoking cessation among young adults in the US: Findings from a population-based study. Addict Behav 2022; 135:107457. [PMID: 35986954 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2022.107457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of waterpipe tobacco (WPT) smoking is 9.2 % among young adults aged 18-24 years in the United State (US). Adequate understanding of the factors predicting WPT smoking cessation among the young population is essential to tobacco control efforts. This study assessed the prevalence and predictors of WPT smoking cessation among young adults. METHODS The population assessment of tobacco and health (PATH) study data (waves 1-5) was used for the study. A total sample of 561 young adults exclusively using WPT (past 30-days) was used for the analysis. The probability of WPT smoking cessation (no use in the past 12 months) was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier survival method, and the predictors were assessed using the Cox proportional hazards regression model. RESULTS During the five waves, 25.1 % of the young adult WPT smokers quit smoking. Among them, 58.2 % were females and the remaining 41.8 % were males. The Hispanics (40.2 %) had the highest rate of cessation among the ethnic groups. Regret smoking (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 2.33, 95 % confidence interval (CI) = 1.24-4.36), smoking restriction at home (aHR = 2.86, 95 % CI = 1.41-5.88), and living in Midwest geographical region (aHR = 2.11, 95 % CI = 1.16-3.84) increased the likelihood whereas alcohol use (aHR = 0.62, 95 % CI = 0.41-0.93) decreased the likelihood of cessation among the young adult WPT smokers. CONCLUSIONS Communicating the health and economic consequences associated with WPT smoking (e.g., pictorial health warning labels), involving smoker's household members in WPT awareness campaigns, and closing regulatory loopholes related to WPT venues will increase the WPT smoking cessation rate among the young population in the US.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prem Gautam
- Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8thSt AHC5, 4thFloor, Miami, FL 33199, USA.
| | - Eva Sharma
- Behavioral Health and Health Policy Practice, Westat, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.
| | - Tan Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St AHC5, 4th Floor, Miami, FL 33199, USA.
| | - Wasim Maziak
- Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8thSt AHC5, 4thFloor, Miami, FL 33199, USA; Syrian Center for Tobacco Studies, Tishreen Street, Sheehan, Aleppo, P.O. Box: 16542, Syria.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Brinkman MC, Kim H, Buehler SS, Adetona AM, Gordon SM, Clark PI. Evidence of compensation among waterpipe smokers using harm reduction components. Tob Control 2020; 29:15-23. [PMID: 30377243 PMCID: PMC7350613 DOI: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We examined two waterpipe tobacco smoking components advertised to reduce harm to determine if they result in lower levels of biomarkers of acute exposure. METHODS We conducted a crossover study of 34 experienced waterpipe smokers smoking a research-grade waterpipe in three configurations ad libitum in a controlled chamber: control (quick-light charcoal), electric (electric heating) and bubble diffuser (quick-light charcoal and bubble diffuser). We collected data on smoking topography, environmental carbon monoxide (CO), subjective effects, heart rate, plasma nicotine and exhaled CO and benzene. RESULTS Smokers' mean plasma nicotine, heart rate, and exhaled benzene and CO boost were all significantly lower for electric compared with control. However, smokers puffed more intensely and took significantly more and larger volume puffs for a larger total puffing volume (2.0 times larger, p<0.0001) when smoking electric; machine yields indicate this was likely due to lower mainstream nicotine. Smokers rated electric smoking experience less satisfying and less pleasant. For charcoal heating, the mean mass of CO emitted into the chamber was ~1 g when participants smoked for a mean of 32 minutes at a typical residential ventilation rate (2.3 hr-1). CONCLUSION Waterpipe smokers engaged in compensation (i.e., increased and more intense puffing) to make up for decreased mainstream nicotine delivery from the same tobacco heated two ways. Waterpipe components can affect human puffing behaviours, exposures and subjective effects. Evidence reported here supports regulation of waterpipe components, smoking bans in multifamily housing and the use of human studies to evaluate modified or reduced risk claims.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marielle C Brinkman
- College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- School of Public Health, Tobacco Center of Regulatory Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Hyoshin Kim
- Battelle Public Health Center for Tobacco Research, Battelle, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Stephanie S Buehler
- Battelle Public Health Center for Tobacco Research, Battelle, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Anna M Adetona
- Battelle Public Health Center for Tobacco Research, Battelle, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Sydney M Gordon
- Battelle Public Health Center for Tobacco Research, Battelle, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Pamela I Clark
- School of Public Health, Tobacco Center of Regulatory Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Qasim H, Alarabi AB, Alzoubi KH, Karim ZA, Alshbool FZ, Khasawneh FT. The effects of hookah/waterpipe smoking on general health and the cardiovascular system. Environ Health Prev Med 2019; 24:58. [PMID: 31521105 PMCID: PMC6745078 DOI: 10.1186/s12199-019-0811-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hookah or waterpipe smoking or use is an emerging trend in the US population, especially among the youth. The misperception of hookah being less harmful than cigarettes and the availability of different but "appealing" flavors are considered among the main reasons for this trend. Hookah users however are exposed to many of the same toxic compounds/by-products as cigarette users, but at dramatically higher levels, which might lead to more severe negative health effects. In fact, hookah users are at risks of infections, cancers, lung disease, and other medical conditions. Moreover, because of the overlapping toxicant/chemical profile to conventional cigarettes, hookah smoke effects on the cardiovascular system are thought to be comparable to those of conventional cigarettes. A major source of tobacco addiction is nicotine, whose levels in hookah are extremely variable as they depend on the type of tobacco used. Taken together, in this review of literature, we will provide insights on the negative health effects of hookah in general, with a focus on what is known regarding its impact on the cardiovascular system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanan Qasim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, 79902, USA
| | - Ahmed B Alarabi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, 79902, USA
| | - Karem H Alzoubi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Zubair A Karim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, 79902, USA
| | - Fatima Z Alshbool
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, 79902, USA.
| | - Fadi T Khasawneh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, 79902, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Perraud V, Lawler MJ, Malecha KT, Johnson RM, Herman D, Staimer N, Kleinman MT, Nizkorodov SA, Smith JN. Chemical Characterization of Nanoparticles and Volatiles Present in Mainstream Hookah Smoke. AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR AEROSOL RESEARCH 2019; 53:1023-1039. [PMID: 33041429 PMCID: PMC7546025 DOI: 10.1080/02786826.2019.1628342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Waterpipe smoking is becoming more popular worldwide and there is a pressing need to better characterize the exposure of smokers to chemical compounds present in the mainstream smoke. We report real-time measurements of mainstream smoke for carbon monoxide, volatile organic compounds and nanoparticle size distribution and chemical composition using a custom dilution flow tube. A conventional tobacco mixture, a dark leaf unwashed tobacco and a nicotine-free herbal tobacco were studied. Results show that carbon monoxide is present in the mainstream smoke and originates primarily from the charcoal used to heat the tobacco. Online measurements of volatile organic compounds in mainstream smoke showed an overwhelming contribution from glycerol. Gas phase analysis also showed that very little filtration of the gas phase products is provided by the percolation of mainstream smoke through water. Waterpipe smoking generated high concentrations of 4-100 nm nanoparticles, which were mainly composed of sugar derivatives and especially abundant in the first 10 min of the smoking session. These measured emissions of volatiles and particles are compared with those from a reference cigarette (3R4F) and represent the equivalent of the emission of one or more entire cigarettes for a single puff of hookah smoke. Considerations related to the health impacts of waterpipe smoking are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Véronique Perraud
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Michael J. Lawler
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Kurtis T. Malecha
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | | | - David Herman
- School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Norbert Staimer
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | | | | | - James N. Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Advances in Behavioral Laboratory Methods that Inform Tobacco Regulatory Science: A TCORS Working Group Special Issue. TOB REGUL SCI 2016; 2:294-300. [PMID: 29152546 DOI: 10.18001/trs.2.4.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Objective The 2009 Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act (TCA) created unprecented enabling conditions for establishing national regulatory policy that reduces the burden of public health and societal problems associated with tobacco product use. The Center for Tobacco Products (CTP), created by the FDA to implement the TCA, developed a first-of-its-kind FDA/National Institutes of Health (NIH) collaborative program to fund Tobacco Centers of Regulatory Science (TCORS). Methods To assist the TCORS with addressing research priorites, working groups (WGs) comprised of FDA-CTP liasions and TCORS investigators were formed. Under the direction of the Center for Evaluation and Coordination of Trainin and Research (CECTR), the TCORS WGs seek to develop tangible work products in their respective areas of focus. Results The focus of the behavioral pharmacology WG evolved from publishing a narrow paper on behavioral methods in electronic cigarette research to a collection of papers on advances in behavioral laboratory methods that may inform tobacco regulatory science. Conclusion This Special Issue contains articles that address all of the CTP research priorities and demonstrates how advances in behavioral laboratory methods made by TCORS investigators can inform FDA efforst to regulate tobacco products.
Collapse
|