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Huang S, He J, Chen Y, Wang X, Li Y, Su Y, Wen R, Li X, Yang G, Luo S, Zhou L, Luo X. Effect of Huangqin decoction on regulating intestinal flora in colitis mice characterized as inhibition of the NOD2-dependent pathway. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2022; 60:108-118. [PMID: 34967696 PMCID: PMC8725945 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2021.2017981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Chinese herb Huangqin decoction (HQD) can regulate intestinal flora in ulcerative colitis (UC) mice. OBJECTIVE Our study clarifies the mechanism of HQD in regulating the intestinal flora of UC mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into six groups: Control, Model (3% DSS), Sulfasalazine (500 mg/kg), HQD-L (250 mg/kg), HQD-M (500 mg/kg), and HQD-H (1000 mg/kg) groups. Measurement of body weight, colon length, DAI, and haematoxylin-eosin staining were conducted. FISH and 16S rDNA detected colonic bacterial infiltration and intestinal flora changes. The expression of RegIIIγ and PRRs (NOD2, TLR5, TLR4) were detected by FCM and WB, respectively. In addition, WB, qPCR, or IHC were used to detect the expression of NOD2, MyD88, RIP2, and NF-κB p65 in the colon. ELISA was used to determine cytokines. RESULTS Compared with the model group (DAI score, 2.38 ± 0.05; histological score, 4.08 ± 0.54), HQD treatment significantly reduced the DAI score (L, 2.16 ± 0.09; M, 1.45 ± 0.05; H, 1.18 ± 0.05) and histological score (L, 3.16 ± 0.82; M, 2.50 ± 0.81; H, 1.51 ± 0.76); restored the weight, the colonic length (p < 0.05). 16S rDNA identification showed HQD regulated the balance of intestinal flora. Moreover, HQD suppressed the expression of RegIIIγ (p < 0.05) and prevented colonic bacterial infiltration. Furthermore, WB results showed NOD2, and TLR4 were inhibited by HQD, especially NOD2 (p < 0.01). The data of WB, qPCR, and IHC demonstrated that the NOD2-dependent pathway was inhibited by HQD (p < 0.01). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS HQD (1000 mg/kg) regulates the intestinal flora of colitis mice, mainly characterized as inhibition of the NOD2-dependent pathway. These results indicate that HQD has potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaowei Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinrong He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanping Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanyang Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yulin Su
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruyan Wen
- Institute: Guangxi Scientific Experimental Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Xiuling Li
- Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guanghua Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuang Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lian Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xia Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Wang X, Dongzhi Z, Li Y, Xie M, Li X, Yuan R, Li B, Panichayupakaranant P, Huang S. <i>Ajania purpurea</i> Extract Attenuates LPS-Induced Inflammation in RAW264.7 Cells and Peritonitis Mice. Biol Pharm Bull 2022; 45:1847-1852. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b22-00388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Research for Metabolic Diseases, Qingdao University of Science & Technology
| | - Zhuoma Dongzhi
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University
| | - Yan Li
- Yanji Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital
| | - Mi Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Research for Metabolic Diseases, Qingdao University of Science & Technology
| | - Xinyu Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Research for Metabolic Diseases, Qingdao University of Science & Technology
| | - Ruiying Yuan
- Department of pharmacy, College of Medicine, Tibet University
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Research for Metabolic Diseases, Qingdao University of Science & Technology
| | | | - Shan Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Research for Metabolic Diseases, Qingdao University of Science & Technology
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3
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Mal’tseva VN, Gudkov SV, Turovsky EA. Modulation of the Functional State of Mouse Neutrophils by Selenium Nanoparticles In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13651. [PMID: 36362436 PMCID: PMC9655531 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to discover the immunomodulatory effect of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) on the functional state of neutrophils in vivo. Intraperitoneal injections of SeNPs (size 100 nm) 2.5 mg/kg/daily to BALB/c mice for a duration of 7-28 days led to the development of an inflammatory reaction, which was registered by a significant increase in the number of neutrophils released from the peritoneal cavity, as well as their activated state, without additional effects. At the same time, subcutaneous injections of the same SeNPs preparations at concentrations of 0.1, 0.5, and 2.5 mg/kg, on the contrary, modulated the functional state of neutrophils depending on the concentration and duration of SeNPs administration. With the use of fluorescence spectroscopy, chemiluminescence, biochemical methods, and PCR analysis, it was found that subcutaneous administration of SeNPs (0.1, 0.5, and 2.5 mg/kg) to mice for a short period of time (7-14 days) leads to modification of important neutrophil functions (adhesion, the number of migrating cells into the peritoneal cell cavity, ROS production, and NET formation). The obtained results indicated the immunostimulatory and antioxidant effects of SeNPs in vivo during short-term administration, while the most pronounced immunomodulatory effects of SeNPs were observed with the introduction of a low concentration of SeNPs (0.1 mg/kg). Increase in the administration time of SeNPs (0.1 mg/kg or 2.5 mg/kg) up to 28 days led to a decrease in the adhesive abilities of neutrophils and suppression of the expression of mRNA of adhesive molecules, as well as proteins involved in the generation of ROS, with the exception of NOX2; there was a tendency to suppress gene expression pro-inflammatory factors, which indicates the possible manifestation of immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory effects of SeNPs during their long-term administration. Changes in the expression of selenoproteins also had features depending on the concentration and duration of the administered SeNPs. Selenoprotein P, selenoprotein M, selenoprotein S, selenoprotein K, and selenoprotein T were the most sensitive to the introduction of SeNPs into the mouse organism, which indicates their participation in maintaining the functional status of neutrophils, and possibly mediated the immunomodulatory effect of SeNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina N. Mal’tseva
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center “Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Sergey V. Gudkov
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilove St., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Egor A. Turovsky
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center “Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
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4
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Karami Fath M, Karimfar N, Fazlollahpour Naghibi A, Shafa S, Ghasemi Shiran M, Ataei M, Dehghanzadeh H, Nabi Afjadi M, Ghadiri T, Payandeh Z, Tarhriz V. Revisiting characteristics of oncogenic extrachromosomal DNA as mobile enhancers on neuroblastoma and glioma cancers. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:200. [PMID: 35614494 PMCID: PMC9131661 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02617-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer can be induced by a variety of possible causes, including tumor suppressor gene failure and proto-oncogene hyperactivation. Tumor-associated extrachromosomal circular DNA has been proposed to endanger human health and speed up the progression of cancer. The amplification of ecDNA has raised the oncogene copy number in numerous malignancies according to whole-genome sequencing on distinct cancer types. The unusual structure and function of ecDNA, and its potential role in understanding current cancer genome maps, make it a hotspot to study tumor pathogenesis and evolution. The discovery of the basic mechanisms of ecDNA in the emergence and growth of malignancies could lead researchers to develop new cancer therapies. Despite recent progress, different aspects of ecDNA require more investigation. We focused on the features, and analyzed the bio-genesis, and origin of ecDNA in this review, as well as its functions in neuroblastoma and glioma cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Karami Fath
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nastaran Karimfar
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Shahriyar Shafa
- School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Melika Ghasemi Shiran
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehran Ataei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Mohsen Nabi Afjadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Tahereh Ghadiri
- Department of Neuroscience and Cognition, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Khatam Alanbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran. .,Neurosiences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Zahra Payandeh
- Department Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division Medical Inflammation Research, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Vahideh Tarhriz
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Janovičová Ľ, Gromová B, Drobná D, Konečná B, Renczés E, Borbélyová V, Hodosy J, Celec P. Sex Difference in Plasma Deoxyribonuclease Activity in Rats. Physiol Res 2021; 70:913-920. [PMID: 34717068 PMCID: PMC8815475 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular DNA (ecDNA) activates immune cells and is involved in the pathogenesis of diseases associated with inflammation such as sepsis, rheumatoid arthritis or metabolic syndrome. DNA can be cleaved by deoxyribonucleases (DNases), some of which are secreted out of cells. The aim of this experiment was to describe plasma DNase activity in relation to extracellular DNA in adult rats, to analyse potential sex differences and to prove whether they are related to endogenous testosterone. Adult Lewis rats (n=28) of both sexes were included in the experiment. Male rats were gonadectomized or sham-operated and compared to intact female rats. Plasma ecDNA and DNase activity were measured using fluorometry and single radial enzyme diffusion assay, respectively. Concentrations of nuclear ecDNA and mitochondrial ecDNA were determined using real-time PCR. Females had 60% higher plasma DNase activity than males ( p=0.03). Gonadectomy did not affect plasma DNase in males. Neither the concentration of total ecDNA, nor nuclear or mitochondrial DNA in plasma differed between the groups. No significant correlations between DNase and ecDNA were found. From previous studies on mice, it was expected, that male rats will have higher DNase activity. In contrast, our study in rats showed the opposite sex difference. This sex difference seems not to be caused by endogenous testosterone. Interestingly, no sex differences were observed in plasma ecDNA suggesting a complex or missing association between plasma ecDNA and DNase. The observed sex difference in plasma DNase should be taken into account in animal models of ecDNA-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ľ Janovičová
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia.
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6
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Janovičová Ľ, Gromová B, Drobná D, Konečná B, Renczés E, Borbélyová V, Hodosy J, Celec P. Sex Difference in Plasma Deoxyribonuclease Activity in Rats. Physiol Res 2021. [DOI: 10.33549//physiolres.934766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular DNA (ecDNA) activates immune cells and is involved in the pathogenesis of diseases associated with inflammation such as sepsis, rheumatoid arthritis or metabolic syndrome. DNA can be cleaved by deoxyribonucleases (DNases), some of which are secreted out of cells. The aim of this experiment was to describe plasma DNase activity in relation to extracellular DNA in adult rats, to analyse potential sex differences and to prove whether they are related to endogenous testosterone. Adult Lewis rats (n=28) of both sexes were included in the experiment. Male rats were gonadectomized or sham-operated and compared to intact female rats. Plasma ecDNA and DNase activity were measured using fluorometry and single radial enzyme diffusion assay, respectively. Concentrations of nuclear ecDNA and mitochondrial ecDNA were determined using real-time PCR. Females had 60% higher plasma DNase activity than males (p=0.03). Gonadectomy did not affect plasma DNase in males. Neither the concentration of total ecDNA, nor nuclear or mitochondrial DNA in plasma differed between the groups. No significant correlations between DNase and ecDNA were found. From previous studies on mice, it was expected, that male rats will have higher DNase activity. In contrast, our study in rats showed the opposite sex difference. This sex difference seems not to be caused by endogenous testosterone. Interestingly, no sex differences were observed in plasma ecDNA suggesting a complex or missing association between plasma ecDNA and DNase. The observed sex difference in plasma DNase should be taken into account in animal models of ecDNA-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - P. Celec
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia.
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7
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Karami Fath M, Akbari Oryani M, Ramezani A, Barjoie Mojarad F, Khalesi B, Delazar S, Anjomrooz M, Taghizadeh A, Taghizadeh S, Payandeh Z, Pourzardosht N. Extra chromosomal DNA in different cancers: Individual genome with important biological functions. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2021; 166:103477. [PMID: 34534658 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2021.103477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer can be caused by various factors, including the malfunction of tumor suppressor genes and the hyper-activation of proto-oncogenes. Tumor-associated extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) has been shown to adversely affect human health and accelerate malignant actions. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) on different cancer types suggested that the amplification of ecDNA has increased the oncogene copy number in various cancers. The unique structure and function of ecDNA, its profound significance in cancer, and its help in the comprehension of current cancer genome maps, renders it as a hotspot to explore the tumor pathogenesis and evolution. Illumination of the basic mechanisms of ecDNA may provide more insights into cancer therapeutics. Despite the recent advances, different features of ecDNA require further elucidation. In the present review, we primarily discussed the characteristics, biogenesis, genesis, and origin of ecDNA and later highlighted its functions in both tumorigenesis and therapeutic resistance of different cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Karami Fath
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Akbari Oryani
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Arefeh Ramezani
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Barjoie Mojarad
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Bahman Khalesi
- Department of Research and Production of Poultry Viral Vaccine, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran
| | - Sina Delazar
- Department of Radiology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehran Anjomrooz
- Department of Radiology, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arvin Taghizadeh
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahin Taghizadeh
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Payandeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Navid Pourzardosht
- Biochemistry Department, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
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8
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Ultra-Low Dose Cytokines in Rheumatoid Arthritis, Three Birds with One Stone as the Rationale of the 2LARTH ® Micro-Immunotherapy Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136717. [PMID: 34201546 PMCID: PMC8268272 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) are two cytokines involved in the perpetuation of the chronic inflammation state characterizing rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Significant advances in the treatment of this pathology have been made over the past ten years, partially through the development of anti-TNF and anti-IL-1 therapies. However, major side effects still persist and new alternative therapies should be considered. The formulation of the micro-immunotherapy medicine (MIM) 2LARTH® uses ultra-low doses (ULD) of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-2, in association with other immune factors, to gently restore the body’s homeostasis. The first part of this review aims at delineating the pivotal roles played by IL-1β and TNF-α in RA physiopathology, leading to the development of anti-TNF and anti-IL-1 therapeutic agents. In a second part, an emphasis will be made on explaining the rationale of using multiple therapeutic targets, including both IL-1β and TNF-α in 2LARTH® medicine. Particular attention will be paid to the ULD of those two main pro-inflammatory factors in order to counteract their overexpression through the lens of their molecular implication in RA pathogenesis.
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Wang Y, Huang R, Zheng G, Shen J. Small ring has big potential: insights into extrachromosomal DNA in cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:236. [PMID: 33902601 PMCID: PMC8077740 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01936-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent technical advances have led to the discovery of novel functions of extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) in multiple cancer types. Studies have revealed that cancer-associated ecDNA shows a unique circular shape and contains oncogenes that are more frequently amplified than that in linear chromatin DNA. Importantly, the ecDNA-mediated amplification of oncogenes was frequently found in most cancers but rare in normal tissues. Multiple reports have shown that ecDNA has a profound impact on oncogene activation, genomic instability, drug sensitivity, tumor heterogeneity and tumor immunology, therefore may offer the potential for cancer diagnosis and therapeutics. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms and future applications of ecDNA remain to be determined. In this review, we summarize the basic concepts, biological functions and molecular mechanisms of ecDNA. We also provide novel insights into the fundamental role of ecDNA in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihao Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Guopei Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Jianfeng Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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Jin M, Qiu X, Piao J, Zhang L, Piao J, Zhao F. Study on the roles of melatonin in regulating dermal fibroblast growth in Liaoning cashmere goats by transcriptome sequencing. Anim Biotechnol 2021; 33:1255-1267. [PMID: 33775202 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2021.1886940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the genes related to the Downy growth of Liaoning cashmere goats were screened for their expression with simultaneous melatonin administration, so as to investigate the effects of target genes on the proliferation of skin fibroblasts in this animal species. Genes related to the villus growth of skin fibroblasts were screened by in vitro transcriptome sequencing and verified by qPCR. In addition, gene overexpression and interference were used to study the effects of target genes on the proliferation of skin fibroblasts. Groups treated with M1_24H, M2_24H and M2_72H exhibited significant differences compared with the control group. Among them, the differentially expressed transcripts in the M2_72H group were significantly enriched in the TNF and NOD-like receptor signaling pathways, which are associated with the villus. In addition, eight differentially expressed genes were screened from the TNF and the NOD-like receptor signaling pathways. Verification by qPCR showed that the expression of TNF-α, IL-6, TNFAIP3, PYCARD and NFKBIA genes were significantly upregulated, which was consistent with the sequencing results. Melatonin treatments can significantly lead to an increase in the expression of IL-6 and TNF-α genes. Besides, melatonin treatments can affect cashmere growth in Liaoning cashmere goats by regulating several signaling pathways, including TNF, NOD-like receptor and NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Jin
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Department of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - Xinyue Qiu
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Department of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - Jing'ai Piao
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Department of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Department of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - Jun Piao
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Department of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - Fengqin Zhao
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Department of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
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11
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Koçana CÇ, Toprak SF, Sözer S. Extracellular genetic materials and their application in clinical practice. Cancer Genet 2020; 252-253:48-63. [PMID: 33387935 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2020.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This study reviews the possible origins, functional roles, and diagnostic applications of 'extracellular genetic material' (EGM), a novel term introduced to cover DNA, RNA, and DNA/RNA-related molecules released from all types of cells into the extracellular region. The literature on EGMs shows them to play a dual role in diverse, fine-tuning mechanisms involved in both homeostasis and pathological events, including cancerogenesis and genometastasis. Recent developments in the next-generation technology have provided successful applications of low quantities of genomic materials into the diagnostic field, yielding high sensitivity and specificity in test results. Also, the successful application of EGMs into diagnostics has afforded promising outcomes for researchers and clinicians. This study of EGM provides a deeper understanding of the subject as an area of interest, especially cell-free DNA, aiming toward the eventual development of new therapeutic applications and diagnostic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cemal Çağıl Koçana
- Department of Genetic, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Selin Fulya Toprak
- Department of Genetic, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Selçuk Sözer
- Department of Genetic, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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12
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Shmarina GV, Ershova ES, Simashkova NV, Nikitina SG, Chudakova JM, Veiko NN, Porokhovnik LN, Basova AY, Shaposhnikova AF, Pukhalskaya DA, Pisarev VM, Korovina NJ, Gorbachevskaya NL, Dolgikh OA, Bogush M, Kutsev SI, Kostyuk SV. Oxidized cell-free DNA as a stress-signaling factor activating the chronic inflammatory process in patients with autism spectrum disorders. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:212. [PMID: 32677958 PMCID: PMC7364812 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-01881-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are known to be associated with an inflammatory process related to immune system dysfunction. This study's aim was to investigate the role of cell-free DNA in chronic inflammatory process in ASD patients. METHODS The study included 133 ASD patients and 27 healthy controls. Sixty-two ASD patients were demonstrated to have mild-to-moderate disease severity (group I) and 71 individuals to have severe ASD (group II). Plasma cell-free (cf) DNA characteristics, plasma cytokine concentrations, expression of the genes for NFкB1 transcription factor and pro-inflammatory cytokines TNFα, IL-1β and IL-8 in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of ASD patients, and unaffected controls were investigated. Additionally, in vitro experiments with oxidized DNA supplementation to PBL cultures derived from ASD patients and healthy controls were performed. RESULTS The data indicates that ASD patients have demonstrated increased cfDNA concentration in their circulation. cfDNA of patients with severe ASD has been characterized by a high abundance of oxidative modification. Furthermore, ASD patients of both groups have shown elevated plasma cytokine (IL-1β, IL-8, IL-17A) levels and heightened expression of genes for NFкB1 nuclear factor and pro-inflammatory cytokines TNFα, IL-1β, and IL-8 in PBL. In vitro experiments have shown that NF-κB/cytokine mRNA expression profiles of ASD patient PBL treated with oxidized DNA fragments were significantly different from those of healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS It may be proposed that oxidized cfDNA plays a role of stress-signaling factor activating the chronic inflammatory process in patients with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galina V Shmarina
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia.
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia.
- G.N. Gabrichevsky Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Elizaveta S Ershova
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Anna Y Basova
- G.E. Sukhareva Scientific-Practical Centre for Mental Health of Children and Adolescents, Moscow, Russia
| | - Antonina F Shaposhnikova
- G.E. Sukhareva Scientific-Practical Centre for Mental Health of Children and Adolescents, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Vladimir M Pisarev
- V. A. Negovsky Research Institute of General Reanimatology, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalia J Korovina
- G.E. Sukhareva Scientific-Practical Centre for Mental Health of Children and Adolescents, Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalia L Gorbachevskaya
- G.E. Sukhareva Scientific-Practical Centre for Mental Health of Children and Adolescents, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Marina Bogush
- Rowan University Biological Sciences Department, Science Hall, Glassboro, NJ, USA
| | | | - Svetlana V Kostyuk
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
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13
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Konkova MS, Ershova ES, Savinova EA, Malinovskaya EM, Shmarina GV, Martynov AV, Veiko RV, Zakharova NV, Umriukhin P, Kostyuk GP, Izhevskaya VL, Kutsev SI, Veiko NN, Kostyuk SV. 1Q12 Loci Movement in the Interphase Nucleus Under the Action of ROS Is an Important Component of the Mechanism That Determines Copy Number Variation of Satellite III (1q12) in Health and Schizophrenia. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:386. [PMID: 32714923 PMCID: PMC7346584 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Genome repeat cluster sizes can affect the chromatin spatial configuration and function. Low-dose ionizing radiation (IR) induces an adaptive response (AR) in human cells. AR includes the change in chromatin spatial configuration that is necessary to change the expression profile of the genome in response to stress. The 1q12 heterochromatin loci movement from the periphery to the center of the nucleus is a marker of the chromatin configuration change. We hypothesized that a large 1q12 domain could affect chromatin movement, thereby inhibiting the AR. Materials and Methods: 2D fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) method was used for the satellite III fragment from the 1q12 region (f-SatIII) localization analysis in the interphase nuclei of healthy control (HC) lymphocytes, schizophrenia (SZ) patients, and in cultured mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The localization of the nucleolus was analyzed by the nucleolus Ag staining. The non-radioactive quantitative hybridization (NQH) technique was used for the f-SatIII fragment content in DNA analysis. Satellite III fragments transcription was analyzed by reverse transcriptase quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Results: Low-dose IR induces the small-area 1q12 domains movement from the periphery to the central regions of the nucleus in HC lymphocytes and MSCs. Simultaneously, nucleolus moves from the nucleus center toward the nuclear envelope. The nucleolus in that period increases. The distance between the 1q12 domain and the nucleolus in irradiated cells is significantly reduced. The large-area 1q12 domains do not move in response to stress. During prolonged cultivation, the irradiated cells with a large f-SatIII amount die, and the population is enriched with the cells with low f-SatIII content. IR induces satellite III transcription in HC lymphocytes. Intact SZ patients' lymphocytes have the same signs of nuclei activation as irradiated HC cells. Conclusion: When a cell population responds to stress, cells are selected according to the size of the 1q12 domain (the f-SatIII content). The low content of the f-SatIII repeat in SZ patients may be a consequence of the chronic oxidative stress and of a large copies number of the ribosomal repeats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Sergeevna Konkova
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Roman Vladimirovich Veiko
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Pavel Umriukhin
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
- P.K. Anokhin Institute of Normal Physiology, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | - Sergey Ivanovich Kutsev
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalia Nikolaevna Veiko
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
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14
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Sisakht M, Darabian M, Mahmoodzadeh A, Bazi A, Shafiee SM, Mokarram P, Khoshdel Z. The role of radiation induced oxidative stress as a regulator of radio-adaptive responses. Int J Radiat Biol 2020; 96:561-576. [PMID: 31976798 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2020.1721597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Various sources of radiation including radiofrequency, electromagnetic radiation (EMR), low- dose X-radiation, low-level microwave radiation and ionizing radiation (IR) are indispensable parts of modern life. In the current review, we discussed the adaptive responses of biological systems to radiation with a focus on the impacts of radiation-induced oxidative stress (RIOS) and its molecular downstream signaling pathways.Materials and methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in Web of Sciences, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Embase, and Cochrane Library. Keywords included Mesh terms of "radiation," "electromagnetic radiation," "adaptive immunity," "oxidative stress," and "immune checkpoints." Manuscripts published up until December 2019 were included.Results: RIOS induces various molecular adaptors connected with adaptive responses in radiation exposed cells. One of these adaptors includes p53 which promotes various cellular signaling pathways. RIOS also activates the intrinsic apoptotic pathway by depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential and activating the caspase apoptotic cascade. RIOS is also involved in radiation-induced proliferative responses through interaction with mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPks) including p38 MAPK, ERK, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). Protein kinase B (Akt)/phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway has also been reported to be involved in RIOS-induced proliferative responses. Furthermore, RIOS promotes genetic instability by introducing DNA structural and epigenetic alterations, as well as attenuating DNA repair mechanisms. Inflammatory transcription factors including macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), and signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT-3) paly major role in RIOS-induced inflammation.Conclusion: In conclusion, RIOS considerably contributes to radiation induced adaptive responses. Other possible molecular adaptors modulating RIOS-induced responses are yet to be divulged in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Sisakht
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Darabian
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amir Mahmoodzadeh
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ali Bazi
- Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Sayed Mohammad Shafiee
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Pooneh Mokarram
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Khoshdel
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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15
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Oxidized Cell-Free DNA Is a Factor of Stress Signaling in Radiation-Induced Bystander Effects in Different Types of Human Cells. Int J Genomics 2019; 2019:9467029. [PMID: 31531341 PMCID: PMC6721096 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9467029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In pathology or under damaging conditions, the properties of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) change. An example of such change is GC enrichment, which drastically alters the biological properties of cfDNA. GC-rich cfDNA is a factor of stress signaling, whereas genomic cfDNA is biologically inactive. GC-rich cfDNA stimulates TLR9-MyD88-NF-κB signaling cascade, leading to an increase in proinflammatory cytokine levels in the organism. In addition, GC-rich DNA is prone to oxidation and oxidized cfDNA can stimulate secondary oxidative stress. This article is a review of works dedicated to the investigation of a low-dose ionizing radiation effect, a bystander effect, and the role of cfDNA in both of these processes.
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16
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Ershova ES, Jestkova EM, Martynov AV, Shmarina GV, Umriukhin PE, Bravve LV, Zakharova NV, Kostyuk GP, Saveliev DV, Orlova MD, Bogush M, Kutsev SI, Veiko NN, Kostyuk SV. Accumulation of Circulating Cell-Free CpG-Enriched Ribosomal DNA Fragments on the Background of High Endonuclease Activity of Blood Plasma in Schizophrenic Patients. Int J Genomics 2019; 2019:8390585. [PMID: 31467866 PMCID: PMC6701307 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8390585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Schizophrenia (SZ) increases the level of cell death, leading to an increase in the concentration of circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA). Ribosomal DNA (rDNA) contains many unmethylated CpG motifs that stimulate TLR9-MyD88-NF-κB signaling and the synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines. The number of rDNA copies in the genomes of SZ patients is increased; therefore, we expect that the concentration of cell-free rDNA in the plasma of the SZ patients also increases. This may be one of the explanations of the proinflammatory cytokine increase that is often observed in SZ. The major research question is what is the rDNA copy number in cfDNA (cf-rDNA CN) and its putative role in schizophrenia? Materials and Methods. We determined cfDNA concentration (RNase A/proteinase K/solvent extraction; fluorescent dye PicoGreen) and endonuclease activity (NA) of blood plasma (radial diffusion method) in the untreated male SZ group (N = 100) and in the male healthy control group (HC) (N = 96). Blood leukocyte DNA and cfDNA rDNA CN were determined with nonradioactive quantitative hybridization techniques. Plasma concentration of cf-rDNA was calculated. RESULTS In the subjects from the SZ group, the mean cfDNA plasma concentration was twofold higher and NA of the plasma was fourfold higher than those in the healthy controls. rDNA CN in the blood leukocyte genome and in the cfDNA samples in the SZ group was significantly higher than that in the HC group. cf-rDNA concentration was threefold higher in the SZ group. CONCLUSION Despite the abnormally high endonuclease activity in the blood plasma of SZ patients, the circulating cfDNA concentration is increased. Fragments of cf-rDNA accumulate in the blood plasma of SZ patients. Potentially, SZ patients' cfDNA should be a strong stimulating factor for the TLR9-MyD88-NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. S. Ershova
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics (RCMG), Moscow 115478, Russia
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - E. M. Jestkova
- Psychiatric Hospital No. 4 of Moscow City Health Department, Moscow 115447, Russia
| | - A. V. Martynov
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics (RCMG), Moscow 115478, Russia
| | - G. V. Shmarina
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics (RCMG), Moscow 115478, Russia
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - P. E. Umriukhin
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
- P.K. Anokhin Institute of Normal Physiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - L. V. Bravve
- N.A. Alexeev Clinical Psychiatric Hospital No. 1 of Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow 115447, Russia
| | - N. V. Zakharova
- N.A. Alexeev Clinical Psychiatric Hospital No. 1 of Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow 115447, Russia
| | - G. P. Kostyuk
- N.A. Alexeev Clinical Psychiatric Hospital No. 1 of Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow 115447, Russia
| | - D. V. Saveliev
- N.A. Alexeev Clinical Psychiatric Hospital No. 1 of Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow 115447, Russia
| | - M. D. Orlova
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics (RCMG), Moscow 115478, Russia
| | - M. Bogush
- Rowan University Biological Sciences Department, Science Hall, Glassboro, New Jersey, USA
| | - S. I. Kutsev
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics (RCMG), Moscow 115478, Russia
| | - N. N. Veiko
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics (RCMG), Moscow 115478, Russia
| | - S. V. Kostyuk
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics (RCMG), Moscow 115478, Russia
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
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17
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Oxidized Cell-Free DNA Role in the Antioxidant Defense Mechanisms under Stress. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:1245749. [PMID: 31360293 PMCID: PMC6644271 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1245749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The present study focuses on the investigation of the oxidized cell-free DNA (cfDNA) properties in several experimental models, including cultured cerebellum cells, peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL), plasma, and hippocampus under an acute and chronic unpredictable stress model in rats. Firstly, our study shows that Spectrum Green fluorescence-labeled oxidized cfDNA fragments were transferred into the cytoplasm of 80% of the cerebellum culture cells; meanwhile, the nonoxidized cfDNA fragments do not pass into the cells. Oxidized cfDNA stimulates the antioxidant mechanisms and induction of transcription factor NRF2 expression, followed by an activation of NRF2 signaling pathway genes-rise of Nrf2 and Hmox1 gene expression and consequently NRF2 protein synthesis. Secondly, we showed that stress increases plasma cfDNA concentration in rats corresponding with the duration of the stress exposure. At the same time, our study did not reveal any significant changes of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) level in PBL of rats under acute or chronic stress, probably due to the significantly increased Nrf2 expression, that we found in such conditions. 8-oxodG is one of the most reliable markers of DNA oxidation. We also found an increased level of 8-oxodG in the hippocampal homogenates and hippocampal dentate gyrus in rats subjected to acute and chronic stress. Taken together, our data shows that oxidized cfDNA may play a significant role in systemic and neuronal physiological mechanisms of stress and adaptation.
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18
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Tamkovich S, Laktionov P. Cell-surface-bound circulating DNA in the blood: Biology and clinical application. IUBMB Life 2019; 71:1201-1210. [PMID: 31091350 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Cell-surface-bound extracellular DNA (csbDNA) is present on the outer membrane of blood cells, including both red blood cells and leukocytes. Although less well characterized than cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in plasma and serum, leukocyte and red blood cell csbDNA form a considerable fraction of the blood extracellular nucleic acids pool, with typically at least comparable amount of DNA occurring bound to the outer surface of cells as compared with circulating free DNA in plasma. The cellular origin of csbDNA is not clear; however, as with cfDNA, in patients with cancer a proportion is derived from the tumor, thus making it potentially a useful source of DNA for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring. © 2019 IUBMB Life, 71(9):1201-1210, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Tamkovich
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Novosibirsk National Research State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Pavel Laktionov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Meshalkin Novosibirsk Research Institute of Circulation Pathology, Novosibirsk, Russia
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19
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Quan Y, Gong L, He J, Zhou Y, Liu M, Cao Z, Li Y, Peng C. Aloe emodin induces hepatotoxicity by activating NF-κB inflammatory pathway and P53 apoptosis pathway in zebrafish. Toxicol Lett 2019; 306:66-79. [PMID: 30771440 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the hepatotoxic effect and its underlying mechanism of aloe emodin (AE). AE was docked with the targets of NF-κB inflammatory pathway and P53 apoptosis pathway respectively by using molecular docking technique. To verify the results of molecular docking and further investigate the hepatotoxicity mechanism of AE, the zebrafish Tg (fabp10: EGFP) was used as an animal model in vivo. The pathological sections of zebrafish liver were analyzed to observe the histopathological changes and Sudan black B was used to study whether there were inflammatory reactions in zebrafish liver or not. Then TdT-mediated dUTP Nick-End Labeling (TUNEL) was used to detect the apoptotic signal of zebrafish liver cells, finally the mRNA expression levels as well as the protein expression levels of the targets in NF-κB and P53 pathways in zebrafish were measured by quantitative Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blot. Molecular docking results showed that AE could successfully dock with all the targets of NF-κB and P53 pathways, and the docking scores of most of the targets were equal to or higher than that of the corresponding ligands. Pathological sections showed AE could cause zebrafish liver lesions and the result of Sudan black B staining revealed that AE blackened the liver of zebrafish with Sudan black B. Then TUNEL assay showed that a large number of dense apoptotic signals were observed in AE group, mainly distributed in the liver and yolk sac of zebrafish. The results of qRT-PCR and western blot showed that AE increased the mRNA and protein expression levels of pro-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic targets in NF-κB and P53 pathways. AE could activate the NF-κB inflammatory pathway and the P53 apoptosis pathway, and its hepatotoxic mechanism was related to activation of NF-κB-P53 inflammation-apoptosis pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyun Quan
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Lihong Gong
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Junlin He
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Yimeng Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Meichen Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Zhixing Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Yunxia Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Cheng Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, National Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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20
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Increased Transfection of the Easily Oxidizable GC-Rich DNA Fragments into the MCF7 Breast Cancer Cell. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:2348165. [PMID: 30867888 PMCID: PMC6379852 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2348165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective Easily oxidizable GC-rich DNA (GC-DNA) fragments accumulate in the cell-free DNA (cfDNA) of patients with various diseases. The human oxidized DNA penetrates the MCF7 breast cancer cells and significantly changes their physiology. It can be assumed that readily oxidizable GC-DNA fragments can penetrate the cancer cells and be expressed. Methods MCF7 cells were cultured in the presence of two types of GC-DNA probes: (1) vectors pBR322 and pEGFP and (2) plasmids carrying inserted human rDNA (pBR322-rDNA and pEGFP-rDNA). pEGFP and pEGFP-rDNA contained a CMV promoter and a fluorescent protein gene EGFP. ROS generation rate, accumulation of the DNA probes in MCF7, 8-oxodG content, expression of EGFP and NOX4, and localization of EGFP, NOX4, and 8-oxodG in MCF7 were explored. The applied methods were qPCR, fluorescent microscopy (FM), immunoassay, and flow cytometry (FCA). Results When GC-DNA is added to the cell culture medium, it interacts with the cell surface. At the site of GC-DNA contact with the cell, NOX4 is expressed, and ROS level increases. The ROS oxidize the GC-DNA. When using the plasmids pEGFP and pEGFP-rDNA, an increase in the amount of the DNA EGFP, RNA EGFP, and EGFP proteins was detected in the cells. These facts suggest that GC-DNA penetrates the cells and the EGFP gene is expressed. Insertions of the rDNA significantly increase the GC-DNA oxidation degree as well as the rate of plasmid transfection into the cells and the EGFP expression level. In the nucleus, the oxidized GC-rDNA fragments, but not the vectors, are localized within the nucleolus. Conclusions GC-rich cfDNA fragments that are prone to oxidation can easily penetrate the cancer cells and be expressed. The cfDNA should become a target for the antitumor therapy.
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21
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Ji N, Lou H, Gong X, Fu T, Ni S. Treatment with 3-Bromo-4,5-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde Improves Cardiac Function by Inhibiting Macrophage Infiltration in Mice. Korean Circ J 2018; 48:933-943. [PMID: 30238711 PMCID: PMC6158451 DOI: 10.4070/kcj.2017.0373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Appropriate inflammatory response is necessary for cardiac repairing after acute myocardial infarction (MI). Three-Bromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (BDB) is a potent antioxidant and natural bromophenol compound derived from red algae. Although BDB has been shown to have an anti-inflammatory effect, it remains unclear whether BDB affects cardiac remolding after MI. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential role of BDB on cardiac function recovery after MI in mice. Methods Mice were intraperitoneally injected with BDB (100 mg/kg) or vehicle control respectively 1 hour before MI and then treated every other day. Cardiac function was monitored by transthoracic echocardiography at day 7 after MI. The survival of mice was observed for 2 weeks and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was used to determine the infarct size. Macrophages infiltration was examined by immunofluorescence staining. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to test the production of cytokines associated with macrophages. The phosphorylation status of nuclear factor (NF)-κB was determined by western blot. Results BDB administration dramatically improved cardiac function recovery, and decreased mortality and infarcted size after MI. Treatment with BDB reduced CD68+ macrophages, M1 and M2 macrophages infiltration post-MI, and suppressed the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, and IL-6 in the injured hearts. Furthermore, BDB inhibited the phosphorylation of NF-κB in the infarcted hearts. Conclusions These data demonstrate, for the first time, that BDB treatment facilitated cardiac healing by suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion, and indicate that BDB may serve as a therapeutic agent for acute MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningning Ji
- Department of Cardiology, Yiwu Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (Yiwu Central Hospital), Yiwu, China
| | - Honghong Lou
- Department of Cardiology, Yiwu Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (Yiwu Central Hospital), Yiwu, China
| | - Xinyan Gong
- Department of Cardiology, Yiwu Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (Yiwu Central Hospital), Yiwu, China
| | - Ting Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Yiwu Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (Yiwu Central Hospital), Yiwu, China
| | - Shimao Ni
- Department of Cardiology, Yiwu Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (Yiwu Central Hospital), Yiwu, China.
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22
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Ershova E, Sergeeva V, Klimenko M, Avetisova K, Klimenko P, Kostyuk E, Veiko N, Veiko R, Izevskaya V, Kutsev S, Kostyuk S. Circulating cell-free DNA concentration and DNase I activity of peripheral blood plasma change in case of pregnancy with intrauterine growth restriction compared to normal pregnancy. Biomed Rep 2017; 7:319-324. [PMID: 29085628 DOI: 10.3892/br.2017.968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The level of apoptosis is increased during pregnancy. Dying cells emit DNA that remains in blood circulation and is known as cell-free DNA (cfDNA). The concentration of cfDNA can reflect the level of cell death. The present article is the result of studying cfDNA concentration and DNase I activity in the blood plasma of 40 non-pregnant women (control), 40 healthy pregnant women (over 37 weeks) and 40 pregnant women with a diagnosis of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). In order to explain the obtained results, a program modeling the change of cfDNA concentration under the influence of different internal and external factors was written. It was reported that, despite the fact that the level of cell death is increased, cfDNA concentration in blood can be decreased due to activation of cfDNA elimination system. A significant increase of DNase I activity has been reported in cases of IUGR. Increase in DNase I activity over a certain threshold indicates presence of pathological processes in the organism. CfDNA circulating in blood cannot be a reliable marker of increased cell death during pregnancy. Thus, assessment of the level of cell death during pregnancy should be done by simultaneous analysis of cfDNA level and DNase I activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizaveta Ershova
- Federal State Budgetary Institution 'Research Centre For Medical Genetics', Moscow 115478, Russia.,Federal State Budgetary Institution 'V.A. Negovsky Research Institute of General Reanimatology', Moscow 107031, Russia
| | - Vasilina Sergeeva
- Federal State Budgetary Institution 'Research Centre For Medical Genetics', Moscow 115478, Russia
| | - Maria Klimenko
- Pediatric Faculty, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Kristina Avetisova
- Pediatric Faculty, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Peter Klimenko
- Pediatric Faculty, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Edmund Kostyuk
- Center of Family Planning and Reproduction, Moscow 117209, Russia
| | - Natalia Veiko
- Federal State Budgetary Institution 'Research Centre For Medical Genetics', Moscow 115478, Russia.,Federal State Budgetary Institution 'V.A. Negovsky Research Institute of General Reanimatology', Moscow 107031, Russia
| | - Roman Veiko
- Federal State Budgetary Institution 'Research Centre For Medical Genetics', Moscow 115478, Russia
| | - Vera Izevskaya
- Federal State Budgetary Institution 'Research Centre For Medical Genetics', Moscow 115478, Russia
| | - Sergey Kutsev
- Federal State Budgetary Institution 'Research Centre For Medical Genetics', Moscow 115478, Russia
| | - Svetlana Kostyuk
- Federal State Budgetary Institution 'Research Centre For Medical Genetics', Moscow 115478, Russia.,Federal State Budgetary Institution 'V.A. Negovsky Research Institute of General Reanimatology', Moscow 107031, Russia
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Xiao Y, Lu W, Li X, Zhao P, Yao Y, Wang X, Wang Y, Lin Z, Yu Y, Hua S, Wang L. An oligodeoxynucleotide with AAAG repeats significantly attenuates burn-induced systemic inflammatory responses via inhibiting interferon regulatory factor 5 pathway. Mol Med 2017; 23:166-176. [PMID: 28620671 DOI: 10.2119/molmed.2016.00243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we showed that an oligodeoxynucleotide with AAAG repeats (AAAG ODN) rescued mice from fatal acute lung injury (ALI) induced by influenza virus and inhibited production of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the injured lungs. However, the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Upon the bioinformatic analysis revealing that the AAAG ODN is consensus to interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) binding site in the cis-regulatory elements of proinflammatory cytokines, we tried to explore whether the AAAG ODN could attenuate burn injury induced systemic inflammatory responses via inhibiting IRF5 pathway. Using the mouse model with sterile systemic inflammation induced by burn injury, we found that AAAG ODN prolonged the life span of the mice, decreased the expression of IRF5 at injured skin, reduced the production of TNF-α and IL-6 in blood and injured skin, and attenuated the ALI. Furthermore, AAAG ODN could bind IRF5 and inhibit the nuclear translocation of IRF5 in THP-1 cells. The data suggested that the AAAG ODN could act as a cytoplasmic decoy capable of interfering the function of IRF5, and be developed as a drug candidate for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Xiao
- Department of Molecular Biology in College of Basic Medical Sciences and Institute of Pediatrics in First Hospital, Norman Bethune Health Science Center, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Wenting Lu
- Department of Molecular Biology in College of Basic Medical Sciences and Institute of Pediatrics in First Hospital, Norman Bethune Health Science Center, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Molecular Biology in College of Basic Medical Sciences and Institute of Pediatrics in First Hospital, Norman Bethune Health Science Center, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Peiyan Zhao
- Department of Molecular Biology in College of Basic Medical Sciences and Institute of Pediatrics in First Hospital, Norman Bethune Health Science Center, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yun Yao
- Department of Molecular Biology in College of Basic Medical Sciences and Institute of Pediatrics in First Hospital, Norman Bethune Health Science Center, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Norman Bethune Health Science Center, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Molecular Biology in College of Basic Medical Sciences and Institute of Pediatrics in First Hospital, Norman Bethune Health Science Center, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Zhipeng Lin
- Department of Molecular Biology in College of Basic Medical Sciences and Institute of Pediatrics in First Hospital, Norman Bethune Health Science Center, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yongli Yu
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Norman Bethune Health Science Center, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Shucheng Hua
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Norman Bethune Health Science Center, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Liying Wang
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Norman Bethune Health Science Center, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
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