Heterologous Expression and Rational Design of l-asparaginase from Rhizomucor miehei to Improve Thermostability.
BIOLOGY 2021;
10:biology10121346. [PMID:
34943261 PMCID:
PMC8698271 DOI:
10.3390/biology10121346]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary
l-asparaginase has been extensively applied in food industries. However, the application of l-asparaginase from non-thermophilic sources is greatly limited due to the poor thermostability and the complex environments typically encountered in food industries. Therefore, improving the thermostability of l-asparaginase is essential for its industrial application. In this work, the thermostability and enzyme activity of heterologously expressed l-asparaginase from Rhizomucor miehei was greatly improved by rational design and molecular modification. Moreover, we further characterized the mechanism underlying improved thermostability in detail. A high-yield l-asparaginase B. subtilis recombinant was constructed by 5′ untranslated region (UTR) modification. These results demonstrate that rational design can be an efficient approach for enhancing the thermostability of l-asparaginase from non-thermophilic sources.
Abstract
l-asparaginase (EC 3.5.1.1) hydrolyzes l-asparagine to produce l-aspartate and ammonia and is widely found in microorganisms, plants, and some rodent sera. l-asparaginase used for industrial production should have good thermostability. We heterologously expressed l-asparaginase from Rhizomucor miehei, selected nine loci for site-directed mutagenesis by rational design, and obtained two mutants with significantly improved thermostability. The optimal temperature of mutants S302I and S302M was 50 °C. After incubating the mutant and wild-type enzymes at 45 °C for 35 h, the residual activity of the wild-type enzyme (WT) was only about 10%. In contrast, the residual activity of S302I and S302M was more than 50%. After combination mutagenesis, Bacillus subtilis 168-pMA5-A344E/S302I was constructed using the food-safe host strain B. subtilis 168. Additionally, a 5′ untranslated region (UTR) modification strategy was adopted to enhance the expression level of R. miehei-derived l-asparaginase in B. subtilis. In a 5-L fermenter scale-up experiment, the enzyme activity of recombinant B. subtilis 168-pMA5-UTR-A344E/S302I reached 521.9 U·mL−1 by fed-batch fermentation.
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