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Montolío-Marzo E, Morales-Fernández L, Saenz-Frances San Baldomero F, García-Saenz S, García-Feijoo J, Piñero DP, Martínez-de-la-Casa JM. Easyton® transpalpebral versus Perkins applanation tonometry in different populations. Int Ophthalmol 2023; 43:3491-3497. [PMID: 37286775 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-023-02754-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements obtained using the new transpalpebral Easyton® tonometer and Perkins applanation tonometer (PAT) in three different clinical populations. METHODS The participants of this prospective study were 84 subjects divided into the groups: 22 healthy children (G1), 42 healthy adults (G2), and 20 adult patients with primary open angle glaucoma (G3). The data recorded in 84 eyes of these subjects were age, sex, gender, central corneal thickness (CCT), and axial length (AL). In all eyes, IOP was determined in the same examination room by the same experienced examiner using Easyton® and PAT in random order. RESULTS Mean differences in IOP readings between Easyton® and PAT were 0.45 ± 1.97 (p = 0.295), - 0.15 ± 2.13 (p = 0.654), - 1.65 ± 3.22 (p = 0.033), and - 0.018 ± 2.50 mmHg (p = 0.500) in the groups G1, G2, G3, and whole sample (G4), respectively. Correlations between Easyton® and PAT IOP values were 0.668 (p = 0.001) for G1, 0.463 (p = 0.002) for G2, 0.680 (p < 0.001) for G3, and 0.605 (p < 0.001) for G4. Moderate to good agreement between the two tonometers was found in all groups according to intraclass correlation coefficients, which were 0.794 (p < 0.001) for G1, 0.632 (p < 0.001) for G2, 0.809 (p < 0.001) for G3, and 0.740 (p < 0.001) for G4. The lower and upper limits of agreement between the devices were - 5.1 and 4.7 mmHg, respectively, in the complete group. No correlation was noted between CCT or AL and the Easyton® IOP measurements. CONCLUSION IOP measurements obtained with Easyton® and PAT show an acceptable level of agreement mainly in healthy individuals, recommending it for IOP screening in children and in patients in which PAT measurement may be impared as patients with hemifacial spasms, corneal irregularities, or reduced mobility. It is not recommended for glaucoma patients follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Montolío-Marzo
- Ophthalmology Unit, Department of Inmunology, Ophthalmology and ORL, Faculty of Medicine, Hospital Clinico San-Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San-Carlos (IdISSC), Calle del Prof Martín Lagos, s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Laura Morales-Fernández
- Ophthalmology Unit, Department of Inmunology, Ophthalmology and ORL, Faculty of Medicine, Hospital Clinico San-Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San-Carlos (IdISSC), Calle del Prof Martín Lagos, s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Federico Saenz-Frances San Baldomero
- Ophthalmology Unit, Department of Inmunology, Ophthalmology and ORL, Faculty of Medicine, Hospital Clinico San-Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San-Carlos (IdISSC), Calle del Prof Martín Lagos, s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sofía García-Saenz
- Ophthalmology Unit, Department of Inmunology, Ophthalmology and ORL, Faculty of Medicine, Hospital Clinico San-Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San-Carlos (IdISSC), Calle del Prof Martín Lagos, s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julián García-Feijoo
- Ophthalmology Unit, Department of Inmunology, Ophthalmology and ORL, Faculty of Medicine, Hospital Clinico San-Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San-Carlos (IdISSC), Calle del Prof Martín Lagos, s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - David P Piñero
- Department of Optics, Pharmacology and Anatomy, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Jose M Martínez-de-la-Casa
- Ophthalmology Unit, Department of Inmunology, Ophthalmology and ORL, Faculty of Medicine, Hospital Clinico San-Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San-Carlos (IdISSC), Calle del Prof Martín Lagos, s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
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Yildiz MB, Kose AO, Celik G, Kizilay O, Imamoglu S, Yildiz E. Agreement among Goldmann Applanation Tonometer, Easyton Transpalpebral Tonometer, Tonopen, and Icare in Patients with Keratoconus. BEYOGLU EYE JOURNAL 2023; 8:170-176. [PMID: 37766760 PMCID: PMC10521132 DOI: 10.14744/bej.2023.56933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Objectives The objective of the study is to evaluate the agreement between Goldmann applanation tonometer (GAT) and Easyton transpalpebral tonometer, Tonopen, and Icare in patients with Keratoconus. Methods This cross-sectional study included 46 eyes of 26 patients with keratoconus. Intraocular pressure (IOP) is measured using easyton, icare, tonopen, and GAT. Measurements were compared and the influences of corneal topographic variables on IOP measurement were evaluated. Bland-Altman plots were used for assessing agreement between different tonometers. Results The mean age of the participants was 24.08±6.76 (range, 18-47) years (15 males and 11 females). The highest of the mean IOP values measured with different tonometers was obtained with Easyton (12.33±1.65), followed by Tonopen (11.59±2.17), GAT (10.67±1.52), and Icare (10.04±2.33). The mean IOP value measured with Easyton was significantly higher than that measured with GAT (p<0.001). There was no significant difference between GAT and either Tonopen (p=0.154) or Icare measurements (p=0.732). There was no significant difference between Tonopen and Easyton measurements (p=0.421). Icare measurements were correlated with central corneal thickness and keratometric values. GAT measurements were correlated with only Kmax. Thirty-eight (82.6%) of the differences were within the agreement limits (assumed clinically important deviation of up to ±2 mmHg) of GAT and Tonopen, 73.9% (n=34) were within the agreement limits of GAT and Icare, and 78.3% (n=36) were within the agreement limits of GAT and Easyton. Conclusion Compared with GAT, the gold standard method, Easyton IOP readings were higher, while both Tonopen and Icare readings were similar to GAT. All three tonometers showed acceptable agreement with the GAT, however, Tonopen showed the greatest agreement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Beyza Yildiz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Alev Ozcelik Kose
- Department of Ophthalmology, Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Gokhan Celik
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zeynep Kamil Maternity and Children Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Osman Kizilay
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zeynep Kamil Maternity and Children Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Serhat Imamoglu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Elvin Yildiz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye
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Yaïci R, Geerling G. [Tonometry: Review and Perspectives]. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2022. [PMID: 36395813 DOI: 10.1055/a-1967-2645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Reliable and repeated IOP measurement are essential in the diagnosis and treatment of glaucoma. In this first part of this review, besides the physiological basics, contact tonometry will be presented, which is both the first instrumental method with the indentation tonometers and the gold standard with the Goldmann applanation tonometer. Both methods and subsequently developments will be discussed.
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Yaïci R, Geerling G. Tonometrie: Rückblick und Ausblick (Teil 1). AUGENHEILKUNDE UP2DATE 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1641-4156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
ZusammenfassungDer intraokulare Druck (IOD) ist ein wichtiger physikalischer Parameter der
Physiologie des Auges. Ein erhöhter IOD wurde früh als Ätiologie für
Augenerkrankungen vermutet. In diesem 1. Teil des Beitrags wird neben den
physiologischen Grundlagen die Kontakttonometrie vorgestellt, die sowohl die
erste instrumentelle Methode mit den Indentationstonometern als auch den
Goldstandard mit dem Goldmann-Applanationstonometer darstellt.
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Alzuhairy S. Trans Palpebral Intraocular Pressure Measurement by Diaton Tonometer and Central Corneal Thickness in Eyes before and after Transepithelial Photorefractive Keratectomy of Saudi Patients. Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol 2022; 29:127-131. [PMID: 37408723 PMCID: PMC10319074 DOI: 10.4103/meajo.meajo_156_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The influence of central corneal thickness (CCT) on intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement by Diaton is debatable. We present a correlation of CCT to transpalpebral IOP (tpIOP) and its determinants in patients undergoing transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (TPRK) in Saudi Arabia. METHODS In this cross-sectional study held in 2022, the IOP of patients undergoing TPRK was measured by Diaton tonometer. The CCT was measured before and 1 week after refractive surgery. The correlation coefficient of CCT and IOP and its Pearson P value were estimated. The effects of gender, type of refractive error (RE), and corneal epithelial thickness (CET) on the correlation of IOP to CCT were reviewed. RESULTS We studied 202 eyes in 101 patients (Male: Female, 47:53; age 25.7 ± 5.8 years). The tpIOP was 15.1 ± 2.8 mmHg before, 15.9 ± 2.8 mmHg 1 week after, and 15.7 ± 4.1 mmHg 1 month after TPRK. The CCT was significantly correlated with tpIOP before surgery (Pearson correlation 0.168, P = 0.017) and after tPRK (Pearson correlation 0.246, P < 0.001). Gender (P = 0.96), CET (P = 0.43), and type of RE (P = 0.99) were not significant determinants of correlation between CCT and tpIOP before TPRK. The correlation of tpIOP and CCT was not affected by gender (P = 0.07), CET (P = 0.39), and type of RE (P = 0.13). CONCLUSION CCT should be considered before interpreting tpIOP measured by with Diaton. Diaton could be a useful tool to monitor IOP changes in young patients undergoing refractive surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sultan Alzuhairy
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
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Kurysheva NI, Pechenkina AA, Goncharova AS. [Examination of patients with glaucoma during the COVID-19 pandemic]. Vestn Oftalmol 2021; 137:75-83. [PMID: 33881266 DOI: 10.17116/oftalma202113702175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the efficacy of the optimal examination technique for patients with glaucoma during the COVID-19 pandemic that includes one of the safest methods of tonometry [transpalpebral tonometry (TPT), contour dynamic tonometry (CDT) and Icare rebound tonometry (RBT)] in combination with spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). MATERIAL AND METHODS The study included 65 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) who sought medical aid at the Ophthalmological Center of FMBA during the COVID-19 pandemic; they were examined using three tonometry methods: RBT, TPT and CDT. All patients underwent central corneal thickness measurement, perimetry, OCT and OCTA with assessment of vessel density (VD) of the superficial plexus in the macula (whole image macula) and peripapillary retina (PPR). RESULTS High correlation was found between the results obtained with RBT, TPT and CDT. None of the methods showed a correlation between IOP and corneal thickness. The correlations between IOP and OCTA parameters were obtained: IOPTPT and VDPPR in the inferior temporal sector (r= -0.386, p=0.027), IOPRBT and VD whole image macula (r= -0.69, p=0.019), and in the macula inferior hemisphere (r= -0.75, p=0.008), as well as between the ocular pulse amplitude (OPA) and VD in the macular inferior hemisphere (r=0.380, p=0.039). The OCTA parameters had a moderate, but significant correlation with the perimetric indices. CONCLUSIONS Tonometry methods (TPB, CDT and RBT) exhibit high correlation with each other and no correlation with corneal thickness. IOP parameters measured by different methods, especially using the Icare tonometer, correlate with OCTA parameters, and the latter - with perimetric indices. The combination of these tonometry methods with SD-OCT and OCTA is optimal for examining patients during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- N I Kurysheva
- State Scientific Center of the Russian Federation - A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical and Biophysical Center of FMBA, Moscow, Russia
| | - A A Pechenkina
- State Scientific Center of the Russian Federation - A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical and Biophysical Center of FMBA, Moscow, Russia
| | - A S Goncharova
- State Scientific Center of the Russian Federation - A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical and Biophysical Center of FMBA, Moscow, Russia
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Formisano M, Franzone F, Alisi L, Pistella S, Spadea L. Effects of Scleral Contact Lenses for Keratoconus Management on Visual Quality and Intraocular Pressure. Ther Clin Risk Manag 2021; 17:79-85. [PMID: 33531812 PMCID: PMC7846850 DOI: 10.2147/tcrm.s293425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the visual acuity level achieved by scleral contact lens (CL) fitting in patients affected by keratoconus and to evaluate possible intraocular pressure (IOP) changes during the scleral CL wear using a transpalpebral tonometer. Methods In a prospective case series a comparison was made between visual acuity obtained with glasses, RGP and 16.8mm diameter scleral CL in 30 consecutive patients affected by keratoconus. IOP was tested during scleral CL wear by transpalpebral Diaton Tonometer (DT) and also by Goldmann Applanation Tonometer (GAT) before and after scleral CL wear. Results The mean logMAR visual acuity improved from 0.2±0.25SD with glasses and 0.1±0.02SD with RGP, to −0.002±0.041SD when using the scleral CL (p<0.05). The mean IOP value before scleral CL wear was 12.93mmHg±2.20SD when measured with GAT and 7.85mmHg±2.27SD when measured with DT. During scleral CL wear, IOP was assessed through DT, with a mean value of 8.86mmHg±2.36SD; values were stable after 8 hours of scleral CL use. Immediately after scleral CL removal, the mean IOP measured with GAT was 12.85mmHg ±2.40SD and the mean IOP measured with DT was 7.66mmHg±1.88SD. Therefore, during scleral CL wear, it was evidenced a small but statistically significant increase of the mean IOP value (1.01mmHg; p<0.01), with a reversion to values prior to application when scleral CL was removed. Conclusion Scleral CLs remarkably improved visual acuity in keratoconus patients when compared to glasses or RGP contact lenses. Even if it was evidenced a small increase of the mean IOP value during their wear, it may not be significant in otherwise healthy eyes. Statistical analysis demonstrated good agreement between GAT and DT but their numerical values presented a constant gap, that should be taken into account when there is a need to relate the DT values to the reference ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Formisano
- Eye Clinic, Department of Sense Organs, University of Rome Sapienza, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Franzone
- Eye Clinic, Department of Sense Organs, University of Rome Sapienza, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Ludovico Alisi
- Eye Clinic, Department of Sense Organs, University of Rome Sapienza, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Santino Pistella
- Eye Clinic, Department of Sense Organs, University of Rome Sapienza, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Leopoldo Spadea
- Eye Clinic, Department of Sense Organs, University of Rome Sapienza, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
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Jędzierowska M, Koprowski R. Novel dynamic corneal response parameters in a practice use: a critical review. Biomed Eng Online 2019; 18:17. [PMID: 30760270 PMCID: PMC6375180 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-019-0636-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Non-contact tonometers based on the method using air puff and Scheimpflug’s fast camera are one of the latest devices allowing the measurement of intraocular pressure and additional biomechanical parameters of the cornea. Biomechanical features significantly affect changes in intraocular pressure values, as well as their changes, may indicate the possibility of corneal ectasia. This work presents the latest and already known biomechanical parameters available in the new offered software. The authors focused on their practical application and the diagnostic credibility indicated in the literature. Discussion An overview of available literature indicates the importance of new dynamic corneal parameters. The latest parameters developed on the basis of biomechanics analysis of corneal deformation process, available in non-contact tonometers using Scheimpflug’s fast camera, are used in the evaluation of laser refractive surgery procedures, e.g. LASIK procedure. In addition, the assessment of changes in biomechanically corrected intraocular pressure confirms its independence from changes in the corneal biomechanics which may allow an intraocular pressure real assessment. The newly developed Corvis Biomechanical Index combined with the corneal tomography and topography assessment is an important aid in the classification of patients with keratoconus. Conclusion New parameters characterising corneal deformation, including Corvis Biomechanical Index and biomechanical compensated intraocular pressure, significantly extend the diagnostic capabilities of this device and may be helpful in assessing corneal diseases of the eye. Nevertheless, further research is needed to confirm their diagnostic pertinence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Jędzierowska
- Department of Biomedical Computer Systems, Faculty of Computer Science and Materials Science, Institute of Computer Science, University of Silesia, ul. Będzińska 39, 41-200, Sosnowiec, Poland.
| | - Robert Koprowski
- Department of Biomedical Computer Systems, Faculty of Computer Science and Materials Science, Institute of Computer Science, University of Silesia, ul. Będzińska 39, 41-200, Sosnowiec, Poland
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