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Moghadas Sharif N, Hoseini-Yazdi H, Daneshvar R, Radhakrishnan H, Shoeibi N, Ehsaei A, Collins MJ. Seasonal variations in anterior segment angle parameters in myopes and emmetropes. Clin Exp Optom 2024; 107:530-536. [PMID: 37751623 DOI: 10.1080/08164622.2023.2251478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
CLINICAL RELEVANCE Seasonal variations are known to occur in a range of ocular parameters and in conditions including refractive error and glaucoma. It is of clinical importance to know if seasonal changes also occur in anterior segment angle parameters, given that they can influence these conditions. BACKGROUND The study aimed to examine the seasonal variations in anterior segment angle parameters in healthy young adults. METHODS Twenty-three emmetropic participants with a mean age of 26.17 ± 4.43 years and 22 myopic participants with a mean age of 27.27 ± 4.47 years completed four seasons of data collection. Anterior segment angle parameters were measured using swept-source anterior segment optical coherence tomography. Intraocular pressure (IOP) and objective refraction were also measured. Repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to determine the effect of season and refractive error on the various ocular parameters. RESULTS A significant main effect of season was found for the majority of anterior segment angle parameters, including the angle opening distance at 500 and 750 µm from the scleral spur (p = 0.02, p = 0.006, respectively), angle recess area at 500 and 750 µm from the scleral spur (both p = 0.002), and trabecular iris space area at 500 and 750 µm from the scleral (p = 0.02, p = 0.008, respectively). However, measures of anterior chamber depth and trabecular iris angle did not exhibit statistically significant seasonal variations (all p > 0.05). A significant main effect of season was also found for the changes in IOP (p = 0.004) and objective refraction (p < 0.001). There was no season by refractive group interaction for any anterior segment angle parameter or IOP (all p > 0.05). CONCLUSION There is a small but significant seasonal changes in the anterior segment angle parameters, refractive error, and IOP in healthy young adult males, in which the anterior segment angle dimensions are narrower, the IOP is higher, and the refraction is more myopic during winter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrin Moghadas Sharif
- Department of Optometry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Optometry and Visual Science, University of London, London, UK
| | - Hosein Hoseini-Yazdi
- Contact Lens and Visual Optics Laboratory, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ramin Daneshvar
- Eye Research Centre, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - Nasser Shoeibi
- Eye Research Centre, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Asieh Ehsaei
- Department of Optometry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Optometry and Visual Science, University of London, London, UK
| | - Michael J Collins
- Contact Lens and Visual Optics Laboratory, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Yii FS, He M, Chappell F, Bernabeu MO, MacGillivray T, Dhillon B, Tatham A, Strang N. Higher intraocular pressure is associated with slower axial growth in children with non-pathological high myopia. Eye (Lond) 2024; 38:1208-1214. [PMID: 38081936 PMCID: PMC11009290 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-023-02872-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the association between intraocular pressure (IOP) and axial elongation rate in highly myopic children from the ZOC-BHVI High Myopia Cohort Study. METHODS 162 eyes of 81 healthy children (baseline spherical equivalent: -6.25 D to -15.50 D) aged 7-12 years with non-pathological high myopia were studied over five biennial visits. The mean (SD) follow-up duration was 5.2 (3.3) years. A linear mixed-effects model (LMM) was used to assess the association between IOP (at time point t-1) and axial elongation rate (annual rate of change in AL from t-1 to t), controlling for a pre-defined set of covariates including sex, age, central corneal thickness, anterior chamber depth and lens thickness (at t-1). LMM was also used to assess the contemporaneous association between IOP and axial length (AL) at t, controlling for the same set of covariates (at t) as before. RESULTS Higher IOP was associated with slower axial growth (β = -0.01, 95% CI -0.02 to -0.005, p = 0.001). There was a positive contemporaneous association between IOP and AL (β = 0.03, 95% CI 0.01-0.05, p = 0.004), but this association became progressively less positive with increasing age, as indicated by a negative interaction effect between IOP and age on AL (β = -0.01, 95% CI -0.01 to -0.003, p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Higher IOP is associated with slower rather than faster axial growth in children with non-pathological high myopia, an association plausibly confounded by the increased influence of ocular compliance on IOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Sl Yii
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
- Curle Ophthalmology Laboratory, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
| | - Mingguang He
- School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Francesca Chappell
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Miguel O Bernabeu
- Centre for Medical Informatics, Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- The Bayes Centre, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Tom MacGillivray
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Curle Ophthalmology Laboratory, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Baljean Dhillon
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Curle Ophthalmology Laboratory, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Princess Alexandra Eye Pavilion, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Andrew Tatham
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Princess Alexandra Eye Pavilion, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Niall Strang
- Department of Vision Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
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Bai WL, Kang YT, Li SM, Gan JH, Wei SF, Kang MT, Sun YY, Sun MH, Li H, Zhang FJ, Wang NL. Ocular Perfusion Pressure in 7- and 12-Year-Old Chinese Children: The Anyang Childhood Eye Study. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2022; 11:26. [PMID: 36255359 PMCID: PMC9587466 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.11.10.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to report the distribution of mean ocular perfusion pressure (MOPP) and its associated factors in Chinese children. Methods We enrolled 3048 grade 1 students and 2258 grade 7 students of the Anyang Childhood Eye Study in central China. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) were recorded with a digital automatic sphygmomanometer. Intraocular pressure (IOP) was assessed by a non-contact tonometer. MOPP was calculated as 2/3 × (DBP + 1/3[SBP – DBP]) - IOP. Risk factors for myopia were obtained through a questionnaire survey. Results The MOPP was 33.83 ± 6.37 mm Hg (mean ± SD) in grade 1, which was lower than 36.99 ± 6.80 mm Hg in grade 7 (P < 0.001). Compared with myopic eyes, non-myopic eyes had higher MOPP in grade 7 (37.72 ± 6.72 mm Hg versus 36.58 ± 6.57 mm Hg, P < 0.001) and in grade 1 (33.88 ± 6.29 mm Hg versus 33.12 ± 7.03 mm Hg, P = 0.12). Multivariable analysis showed that higher MOPP was associated with less myopia (P < 0.001), higher body mass index (BMI; P < 0.001), thinner central corneal thickness (P < 0.001), less time on near work (P < 0.001), and more time on sleeping (P = 0.04). Conclusions MOPP was higher in children of older age, with higher BMI, less time on near work, and more time on sleeping, and was higher in eyes with less myopia. Translational Relevance We found that MOPP might be an indicator for the detection of myopia development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ling Bai
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Science Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Ting Kang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Science Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Shi-Ming Li
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Science Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-He Gan
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Science Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Shi-Fei Wei
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Science Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Meng-Tian Kang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Science Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Yun-Yun Sun
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Science Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Ming-Hao Sun
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - He Li
- Anyang Eye Hospital, Henan Province, Anyang, China
| | - Feng-Ju Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Science Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Ning-Li Wang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Science Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
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Wang P, Song Y, Lin F, Wang Z, Gao X, Cheng W, Chen M, Peng Y, Liu Y, Zhang X, Chen S. Comparison of Non-contact Tonometry and Goldmann Applanation Tonometry Measurements in Non-pathologic High Myopia. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:819715. [PMID: 35308502 PMCID: PMC8927768 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.819715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PurposeTo compare intraocular pressure (IOP) values obtained using Goldmann applanation tonometry (IOPGAT) and non-contact tonometry (IOPNCT) in a non-pathologic high myopia population.MethodsA total of 720 eyes from 720 Chinese adults with non-pathologic high myopia were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Demographic and ocular characteristics, including axial length, refractive error, central corneal thickness (CCT), and corneal curvature (CC) were recorded. Each patient was successively treated with IOPNCT and IOPGAT. Univariate and multivariable linear regression analyses were conducted to detect factors associated with IOPNCT and IOPGAT, as well as the measurement difference between the two devices (IOPNCT−GAT).ResultsIn this non-pathologic high myopia population, the mean IOPNCT and IOPGAT values were 17.60 ± 2.76 mmHg and 13.85 ± 2.43 mmHg, respectively. The IOP measurements of the two devices were significantly correlated (r = 0.681, P < 0.001), however, IOPNCT overestimated IOPGAT with a mean difference of 3.75 mmHg (95% confidence interval: 3.60–3.91 mmHg). In multivariate regression, IOPNCT was significantly associated with body mass index (standardized β = 0.075, p = 0.033), systolic blood pressure (SBP) (standardized β = 0.170, p < 0.001), and CCT (standardized β = 0.526, p < 0.001). As for IOPGAT, only SBP (standardized β = 0.162, p < 0.001), CCT (standardized β = 0.259, p < 0.001), and CC (standardized β = 0.156, p < 0.001) were significantly correlated. The mean IOPNCT−GAT difference increased with younger age (standardized β = −0.134, p < 0.001), higher body mass index (standardized β = 0.091, p = 0.009), higher SBP (standardized β = 0.074, p = 0.027), thicker CCT (standardized β = 0.506, p < 0.001), and lower IOPGAT (standardized β = −0.409, p < 0.001).ConclusionIn the non-pathologic high myopia population, IOPNCT overestimated IOPGAT at 3.75 ± 2.10 mmHg. This study suggests that the difference between the values obtained by the two devices, and their respective influencing factors, should be considered in the clinical evaluation and management of highly myopic populations.
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Yang Y, Zhang X, Chen Z, Wei Y, Ye Q, Fan Y, Nathwani N, Gazzard G, Yu M. Intraocular pressure and diurnal fluctuation of open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension: a baseline report from the LiGHT China trial cohort. Br J Ophthalmol 2022; 107:823-827. [PMID: 35086806 DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2021-320128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To report the baseline intraocular pressure (IOP) characteristics and its diurnal fluctuation in the Laser in Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension China cohort. METHODS 622 primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients and 149 ocular hypertension (OHT) patients were recruited at Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center from 2015 to 2019. Standardised ocular examinations were performed including IOP measurement using the Goldmann applanation tonometer. Daytime phasing IOP was recorded at 8:00, 10:00, 11:30, 14:30, 17:00 hour. RESULTS The mean baseline IOP was 20.2 mm Hg for POAG patients and 24.4 mm Hg for OHT. Multiple regression analysis revealed that thicker central corneal thickness (CCT) was correlated with higher IOP in both POAG and OHT. Male gender and younger age were correlated with higher IOP only for POAG. As for diurnal IOP fluctuation, mean IOP fluctuation was 3.4 mm Hg in POAG eyes and 4.4 mm Hg in OHT. The peak and trough IOP occurred at 8:00 and 14:30 hour in both POAG and OHT eyes. CONCLUSIONS Younger age, male gender and thicker CCT are correlated to higher IOP in POAG patients while only thicker CCT is related to higher IOP in OHT patients. Peak IOP appears mostly at early morning or late afternoon and trough value occurs mostly at early afternoon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangfan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-Sen University Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-Sen University Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zidong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-Sen University Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yifan Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-Sen University Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiaona Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-Sen University Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanmei Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-Sen University Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Neil Nathwani
- National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
| | - Gus Gazzard
- NIHR Moorfields Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK.,University College London, London, UK
| | - Minbin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-Sen University Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Wang P, Chen S, Liu Y, Lin F, Song Y, Li T, Aung T, Zhang X. Lowering Intraocular Pressure: A Potential Approach for Controlling High Myopia Progression. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2021; 62:17. [PMID: 34787640 PMCID: PMC8606873 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.62.14.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
High myopia is among the most common causes of vision impairment, and it is mainly characterized by abnormal elongation of the axial length, leading to pathologic changes in the ocular structures. Owing to the close relationship between high myopia and glaucoma, the association between intraocular pressure (IOP) and high myopia progression has garnered attention. However, whether lowering IOP can retard the progression of high myopia is unclear. On reviewing previous studies, we suggest that lowering IOP plays a role in progressive axial length elongation in high myopia, particularly in pathologic myopia, wherein the sclera is more remodeled. Based on the responses of the ocular layers, we further proposed the potential mechanisms. For the sclera, lowering the IOP could inhibit the activation of scleral fibroblasts and then reduce scleral remodeling, and a decrease in the scleral distending force would retard the ocular expansion like a balloon. For the choroid, lowering IOP results in an increase in choroidal blood perfusion, thereby reducing scleral hypoxia and slowing down scleral remodeling. The final effect of these pathways is slowing axial elongation and the development of scleral staphyloma. Further animal and clinical studies regarding high myopia with varied degree of IOP and the changes of choroid and sclera during IOP fluctuation in high myopia are needed to verify the role of IOP in the pathogenesis and progression of high myopia. It is hoped that this may lead to the development of a prospective treatment option to prevent and control high myopia progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shida Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaoming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fengbin Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunhe Song
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tuozhang Li
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tin Aung
- Singapore National Eye Center, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xiulan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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