Akintunde A, Aworanti O. PATTERN OF ANAEMIA AND ITS CORRELATES IN NIGERIANS WITH HEART FAILURE.
Ann Ib Postgrad Med 2020;
18:51-59. [PMID:
33623494 PMCID:
PMC7893304]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Heart failure often coexists with many comorbidities, including anaemia. However, the pattern of anaemia in heart failure and its clinical and echocardiographic associations have not been adequately studied among Nigerians.
OBJECTIVE
To describe the pattern of anaemia, its clinical characteristics, and its echocardiographic associations among heart failure subjects in Nigeria.
METHODOS
One hundred and forty subjects with heart failure were recruited from the cardiology clinics of two teaching hospitals in southwest Nigeria: Ladoke Akintola University of Technology and Bowen University Teaching Hospitals, Ogbomoso. Complete blood analyses, among other tests, were done. Statistical analysis was done with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 20.0. P <0.05 was taken as statistically significant.
RESULTS
Anaemia, as defined by the World Health Organisation, occurred in 106 (75.7%) of the heart failure patients. The patterns of anaemia among participants include combined anaemia of chronic diseases (ACD) with iron deficiency in 64 (45.7%) patients, and ACD alone in 40 (28.6%). Anaemia was more significantly associated with previous diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, presence of pulmonary hypertension, and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures, ejection fraction, and fractional shortening were significantly lower among heart failure subjects with anaemia, while serum creatinine, left atrial dimension, left ventricular end diastolic dimension, and left ventricular mass index were significantly higher among heart failure subjects with anaemia compared to those without anaemia.
CONCLUSION
Anaemia occurs very frequently among heart failure patients in southwest Nigeria. It is associated with many poor prognostic factors, including diabetes mellitus, pulmonary hypertension, and kidney failure.
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