1
|
Song R, Yin S, Wu J, Yan J. Neuronal regulated cell death in aging-related neurodegenerative diseases: key pathways and therapeutic potentials. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:2245-2263. [PMID: 39104166 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-24-00025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Regulated cell death (such as apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, autophagy, cuproptosis, ferroptosis, disulfidptosis) involves complex signaling pathways and molecular effectors, and has been proven to be an important regulatory mechanism for regulating neuronal aging and death. However, excessive activation of regulated cell death may lead to the progression of aging-related diseases. This review summarizes recent advances in the understanding of seven forms of regulated cell death in age-related diseases. Notably, the newly identified ferroptosis and cuproptosis have been implicated in the risk of cognitive impairment and neurodegenerative diseases. These forms of cell death exacerbate disease progression by promoting inflammation, oxidative stress, and pathological protein aggregation. The review also provides an overview of key signaling pathways and crosstalk mechanisms among these regulated cell death forms, with a focus on ferroptosis, cuproptosis, and disulfidptosis. For instance, FDX1 directly induces cuproptosis by regulating copper ion valency and dihydrolipoamide S-acetyltransferase aggregation, while copper mediates glutathione peroxidase 4 degradation, enhancing ferroptosis sensitivity. Additionally, inhibiting the Xc- transport system to prevent ferroptosis can increase disulfide formation and shift the NADP + /NADPH ratio, transitioning ferroptosis to disulfidptosis. These insights help to uncover the potential connections among these novel regulated cell death forms and differentiate them from traditional regulated cell death mechanisms. In conclusion, identifying key targets and their crosstalk points among various regulated cell death pathways may aid in developing specific biomarkers to reverse the aging clock and treat age-related neurodegenerative conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Run Song
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan Province, China
- Neuromolecular Biology Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan Province, China
| | - Shiyi Yin
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan Province, China
- Neuromolecular Biology Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan Province, China
| | - Jiannan Wu
- Neuromolecular Biology Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan Province, China
| | - Junqiang Yan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan Province, China
- Neuromolecular Biology Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yao Y, Wang B, Yu K, Song J, Wang L, Yang X, Zhang X, Li Y, Ma X. Nur77 ameliorates cyclophosphamide-induced ovarian insufficiency in mice by inhibiting oxidative damage and cell senescence. J Ovarian Res 2024; 17:203. [PMID: 39407305 PMCID: PMC11476119 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-024-01532-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 10/06/2024] [Indexed: 10/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Premature ovarian failure (POF) is among the primary causes of ovarian dysfunction that severely affects women's physical and mental health. The main purpose of this study was to explore the expression level of Nerve growth factor-induced protein B (Nur77/NR4A1) in cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced POF. We then tested whether Nur77 can exert a protective effect after CTX treatment and investigated the mechanism of Nur77's role during ovarian injury. CTX promotes follicular atresia by inducing redox imbalance, apoptosis, and senescence, thereby causing direct toxicity to gonads. Additionally, CTX decreases ovarian reserve consumption by stimulating the excessive activation of primordial follicles. Nur77 can be stimulated by oxidative stress, DNA damage, metabolism, inflammation, etc. However, its relationship with POF remains unelucidated. We here found that Nur77 is expressed at low levels in POF ovaries. Therefore, Nur77 was identified as a regulator of ovarian injury and follicular development. According to the results, Nur77 overexpression alleviated redox imbalances, reduced cell senescence and apoptosis, and improved follicular reserve. Nur77 protects ovarian function by restoring disordered sex hormone levels and estrus cycles and promoting follicle growth and development at all levels. Moreover, the rapamycin protein kinase (AKT)/mammalian target of the rapamycin (mTOR) is a crucial regulator of the primordial follicle pool and follicular development. A relationship was observed between Nur77 and AKT through string and molecular docking. Experiments confirmed the involvement of the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in the regulatory role of Nur77 in ovarian function. Thus, Nur77 is a critical target for POF prevention and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yao
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine and Embryo of Gansu, Lanzhou, China
| | - Kaihua Yu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ji Song
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine and Embryo of Gansu, Lanzhou, China
| | - Liyan Wang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine and Embryo of Gansu, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xia Yang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine and Embryo of Gansu, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine and Embryo of Gansu, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yulan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
- , No. 1, Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province, China.
| | - Xiaoling Ma
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine and Embryo of Gansu, Lanzhou, China.
- , No. 1, Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Dutta A, Chakraborty A, Ghosh T, Kumar A. 5-Fluorouracil induces apoptosis in nutritional deprived hepatocellular carcinoma through mitochondrial damage. Sci Rep 2024; 14:23387. [PMID: 39379402 PMCID: PMC11461840 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-73143-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 09/13/2024] [Indexed: 10/10/2024] Open
Abstract
5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is the leading chemotherapeutic drug used to treat hepatocellular carcinoma, one of the major cancer diseases after atherosclerosis. Because of chemo-resistance, the success rate of treatment declines with time due to continuous drug exposure. Though autophagy induction is majorly responsible for acquired resistance, the exact role of this evolutionary conserved mechanism is unknown in cancer cell survival and suppression. The usual practice involves the combinatorial use of chemotherapeutic drugs with autophagy inhibitors like Chloroquine and Bafilomycin A, while neglecting the side effects caused by autophagy impairment in healthy cells. Starvation is a well-known physiological inducer of autophagy. In this study, by caloric modulation, we tried to circumvent the resistance imposed by prolonged drug exposure and investigated the effect of 5-FU in nutrient-sufficient and deficient conditions. Our findings show a substantial correlation between autophagy and increased cancer cell death in the presence of 5-FU, with negligible effects on normal cells. Experimental data revealed that nutritional deprivation augmented cell death in the presence of 5-FU through mitochondrial membrane damage and excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, initiating apoptosis. Lipidation study also unveiled that under such combinatorial treatment cellular metabolism shifts from glucose to lipid biosynthesis. Overall, our experimental findings suggest that nutritional deprivation in combination with chemotherapeutic medication can be a new effective strategy to control hepatocellular carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Dutta
- Advanced Nanoscale Molecular Oncology Laboratory (ANMOL), Department of Biotechnology, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohunpur, District - Darjeeling, 734013, Siliguri, West Bengal, India
| | - Anuja Chakraborty
- Advanced Nanoscale Molecular Oncology Laboratory (ANMOL), Department of Biotechnology, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohunpur, District - Darjeeling, 734013, Siliguri, West Bengal, India
| | - Tulika Ghosh
- Advanced Nanoscale Molecular Oncology Laboratory (ANMOL), Department of Biotechnology, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohunpur, District - Darjeeling, 734013, Siliguri, West Bengal, India
| | - Anoop Kumar
- Advanced Nanoscale Molecular Oncology Laboratory (ANMOL), Department of Biotechnology, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohunpur, District - Darjeeling, 734013, Siliguri, West Bengal, India.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yang G, Yang L, Xu F. Isoalantolactone: a review on its pharmacological effects. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1453205. [PMID: 39376605 PMCID: PMC11456459 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1453205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 09/12/2024] [Indexed: 10/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Isoalantolactone (ISA) is a sesquiterpene lactone that could be isolated from Inula helenium as well as many other herbal plants belonging to Asteraceae. Over the past 2 decades, lots of researches have been made on ISA, which owns multiple pharmacological effects, such as antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, antidepressant-like activity, as well as others. The anticancer effects of ISA involve proliferation inhibition, ROS overproduction, apoptosis induction and cell cycle arrest. Through inhibiting NF-κB signaling, ISA exerts its anti-inflammatory effects which are involved in the neuroprotection of ISA. This review hackled the reported pharmacological effects of ISA and associated mechanisms, providing an update on understanding its potential in drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Longfei Yang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Fei Xu
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li Y, Zhu C, Yao J, Zhu C, Li Z, Liu HY, Zhu M, Li K, Ahmed AA, Li S, Hu P, Cai D. Lithocholic Acid Alleviates Deoxynivalenol-Induced Inflammation and Oxidative Stress via PPARγ-Mediated Epigenetically Transcriptional Reprogramming in Porcine Intestinal Epithelial Cells. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:5452-5462. [PMID: 38428036 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c08044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a common mycotoxin that induces intestinal inflammation and oxidative damage in humans and animals. Given that lithocholic acid (LCA) has been suggested to inhibit intestinal inflammation, we aimed to investigate the protective effects of LCA on DON-exposed porcine intestinal epithelial IPI-2I cells and the underlying mechanisms. Indeed, LCA rescued DON-induced cell death in IPI-2I cells and reduced DON-stimulated inflammatory cytokine levels and oxidative stress. Importantly, the nuclear receptor PPARγ was identified as a key transcriptional factor involved in the DON-induced inflammation and oxidative stress processes in IPI-2I cells. The PPARγ function was found compromised, likely due to the hyperphosphorylation of the p38 and ERK signaling pathways. In contrast, the DON-induced inflammatory responses and oxidative stress were restrained by LCA via PPARγ-mediated reprogramming of the core inflammatory and antioxidant genes. Notably, the PPARγ-modulated transcriptional regulations could be attributed to the altered recruitments of coactivator SRC-1/3 and corepressor NCOR1/2, along with the modified histone marks H3K27ac and H3K18la. This study emphasizes the protective actions of LCA on DON-induced inflammatory damage and oxidative stress in intestinal epithelial cells via PPARγ-mediated epigenetically transcriptional reprogramming, including histone acetylation and lactylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanwei Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China
| | - Chuyang Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China
| | - Jiacheng Yao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China
| | - Cuipeng Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China
| | - Zhaojian Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China
| | - Hao-Yu Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China
| | - Miaonan Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China
| | - Kaiqi Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China
| | - Abdelkareem A Ahmed
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Botswana University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Gaborone 0027, Botswana
| | - Shicheng Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China
- International Joint Research Laboratory in Universities of Jiangsu Province of China for Domestic Animal Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China
| | - Ping Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China
- International Joint Research Laboratory in Universities of Jiangsu Province of China for Domestic Animal Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China
| | - Demin Cai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China
- International Joint Research Laboratory in Universities of Jiangsu Province of China for Domestic Animal Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Cantu A, Gutierrez MC, Dong X, Leek C, Anguera M, Lingappan K. Modulation of recovery from neonatal hyperoxic lung injury by sex as a biological variable. Redox Biol 2023; 68:102933. [PMID: 38661305 PMCID: PMC10628633 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Recovery from lung injury during the neonatal period requires the orchestration of many biological pathways. The modulation of such pathways can drive the developing lung towards proper repair or persistent maldevelopment that can lead to a disease phenotype. Sex as a biological variable can regulate these pathways differently in the male and female lung exposed to neonatal hyperoxia. In this study, we assessed the contribution of cellular diversity in the male and female neonatal lung following injury. Our objective was to investigate sex and cell-type specific transcriptional changes that drive repair or persistent injury in the neonatal lung and delineate the alterations in the immune-endothelial cell communication networks using single cell RNA sequencing (sc-RNAseq) in a murine model of hyperoxic injury. We generated transcriptional profiles of >55,000 cells isolated from the lungs of postnatal day 1 (PND 1; pre-exposure), PND 7, and PND 21neonatal male and female C57BL/6 mice exposed to 95 % FiO2 between PND 1-5 (saccular stage of lung development). We show the presence of sex-based differences in the transcriptional states of lung endothelial and immune cells at PND 1 and PND 21. Furthermore, we demonstrate that biological sex significantly influences the response to injury, with a greater number of differentially expressed genes showing sex-specific patterns than those shared between male and female lungs. Pseudotime trajectory analysis highlighted genes needed for lung development that were altered by hyperoxia. Finally, we show intercellular communication between endothelial and immune cells at saccular and alveolar stages of lung development with sex-based biases in the crosstalk and identify novel ligand-receptor pairs. Our findings provide valuable insights into the cell diversity, transcriptional state, developmental trajectory, and cell-cell communication underlying neonatal lung injury, with implications for understanding lung development and possible therapeutic interventions while highlighting the crucial role of sex as a biological variable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abiud Cantu
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Xiaoyu Dong
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Connor Leek
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Montserrat Anguera
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Krithika Lingappan
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Thakur K, Khan H, Grewal AK, Singh TG. Nuclear orphan receptors: A novel therapeutic agent in neuroinflammation. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 124:110845. [PMID: 37690241 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Orphan receptors constitute a historically varied subsection of a superfamily of nuclear receptors. Nuclear receptors regulate gene expression in response to ligand signals and are particularly alluring therapeutic targets for chronic illnesses. Neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases have been linked to these orphan nuclear receptors. Preclinical and clinical evidence suggests that orphan receptors could serve as future targets in neuroinflammation, such as Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer's Disease (AD), Huntington's Disease (HD), Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and Cerebral Ischemia. Given the therapeutic relevance of certain orphan receptors in a variety of disorders, their potential in neuroinflammation remains unproven. There is substantial evidence that ligand-activated transcription factors have great promise for preventing neurodegenerative and neurological disorders, with certain orphan nuclear receptors i.e., PPARγ, NR4As, and orphan GPCRs holding particularly high potential. Based on previous findings, we attempted to determine the contribution of PPAR, NR4As, and orphan GPCRs-regulated neuroinflammation to the pathogenesis of these disorders and their potential to become novel therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Thakur
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, 140401 Punjab, India
| | - Heena Khan
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, 140401 Punjab, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Jurcau A, Andronie-Cioara FL, Nistor-Cseppento DC, Pascalau N, Rus M, Vasca E, Jurcau MC. The Involvement of Neuroinflammation in the Onset and Progression of Parkinson's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14582. [PMID: 37834030 PMCID: PMC10573049 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disease exhibiting the fastest growth in incidence in recent years. As with most neurodegenerative diseases, the pathophysiology is incompletely elucidated, but compelling evidence implicates inflammation, both in the central nervous system and in the periphery, in the initiation and progression of the disease, although it is not yet clear what triggers this inflammatory response and where it begins. Gut dysbiosis seems to be a likely candidate for the initiation of the systemic inflammation. The therapies in current use provide only symptomatic relief, but do not interfere with the disease progression. Nonetheless, animal models have shown promising results with therapies that target various vicious neuroinflammatory cascades. Translating these therapeutic strategies into clinical trials is still in its infancy, and a series of issues, such as the exact timing, identifying biomarkers able to identify Parkinson's disease in early and pre-symptomatic stages, or the proper indications of genetic testing in the population at large, will need to be settled in future guidelines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anamaria Jurcau
- Department of Psycho-Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (A.J.); (D.C.N.-C.)
| | - Felicia Liana Andronie-Cioara
- Department of Psycho-Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (A.J.); (D.C.N.-C.)
| | - Delia Carmen Nistor-Cseppento
- Department of Psycho-Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (A.J.); (D.C.N.-C.)
| | - Nicoleta Pascalau
- Department of Psycho-Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (A.J.); (D.C.N.-C.)
| | - Marius Rus
- Department of Medical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania
| | - Elisabeta Vasca
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine “Vasile Goldis” Arad, 310025 Arad, Romania
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kang Q, Chai W, Min J, Qu X. Yin Yang 1 suppresses apoptosis and oxidative stress injury in SH-SY5Y cells by facilitating NR4A1 expression. J Neurogenet 2023; 37:115-123. [PMID: 37922205 DOI: 10.1080/01677063.2023.2270745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/05/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a significant role in the development of Parkinson's disease (PD). Previous studies implicate nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 1 (NR4A1) in oxidative stress associated with PD. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the regulation of NR4A1 expression remains incompletely understood. In the present study, a PD cell model was established by using 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) in SH-SY5Y cells. Cell viability and apoptosis were assessed by using CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry, respectively. The activities of LDH and SOD, and ROS generation were used as an indicators of oxidative stress. ChIP-PCR was performed to detect the interaction between Yin Yang 1 (YY1) and the NR4A1 promoter. MPP+ treatment inhibited SH-SY5Y cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner. NR4A1 and YY1 expression were decreased in MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells. Increasing NR4A1 or YY1 alleviated MPP+-induced apoptosis and oxidative stress in SH-SY5Y cells, whereas reduction of NR4A1 aggravated MPP+-induced cell injury. Transcription factor YY1 facilitated NR4A1 expression by binding with NR4A1 promoter. In addition, in MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells, the inhibition of NR4A1 to apoptosis and oxidative stress was further enhanced by overexpression of YY1. The reduction of NR4A1 led to an elevation of apoptosis and oxidative stress in MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cells, and this effect was partially reversed by the overexpression of YY1. In conclusion, YY1 suppresses MPP+-induced apoptosis and oxidative stress in SH-SY5Y cells by binding with NR4A1 promoter and boosting NR4A1 expression. Our findings suggest that NR4A1 may be a candidate target for PD treatment.HIGHLIGHTSNR4A1 and YY1 are decreased in MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells.NR4A1 prevents oxidative stress and apoptosis in MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells.YY1 binds with NR4A1 promoter and increases NR4A1 expression.YY1 enhances the inhibition of NR4A1 to SH-SY5Y cell apoptosis and oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qin Kang
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Wen Chai
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Jun Min
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Xinhui Qu
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Cantu A, Gutierrez MC, Dong X, Leek C, Anguera M, Lingappan K. Modulation of Recovery from Neonatal Hyperoxic Lung Injury by Sex as a Biological Variable. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.09.552532. [PMID: 37609288 PMCID: PMC10441379 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.09.552532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Recovery from lung injury during the neonatal period requires the orchestration of many biological pathways. The modulation of such pathways can drive the developing lung towards proper repair or persistent maldevelopment that can lead to a disease phenotype. Sex as a biological variable can regulate these pathways differently in the male and female lung exposed to neonatal hyperoxia. In this study, we assessed the contribution of cellular diversity in the male and female neonatal lung following injury. Our objective was to investigate sex and cell-type specific transcriptional changes that drive repair or persistent injury in the neonatal lung and delineate the alterations in the immune-endothelial cell communication networks using single cell RNA sequencing (sc-RNAseq) in a murine model of hyperoxic injury. We generated transcriptional profiles of >55,000 cells isolated from the lungs of postnatal day 1 (PND 1) and postnatal day 21 (PND 21) neonatal male and female C57BL/6 mice exposed to 95% FiO 2 between PND 1-5 (saccular stage of lung development). We show the presence of sex-based differences in the transcriptional states of lung endothelial and immune cells at PND 1 and PND 21. Furthermore, we demonstrate that biological sex significantly influences the response to injury, with a greater number of differentially expressed genes showing sex-specific patterns than those shared between male and female lungs. Pseudotime trajectory analysis highlighted genes needed for lung development that were altered by hyperoxia. Finally, we show intercellular communication between endothelial and immune cells at saccular and alveolar stages of lung development with sex-based biases in the crosstalk and identify novel ligand-receptor pairs. Our findings provide valuable insights into the cell diversity, transcriptional state, developmental trajectory, and cell-cell communication underlying neonatal lung injury, with implications for understanding lung development and possible therapeutic interventions while highlighting the crucial role of sex as a biological variable.
Collapse
|
11
|
Zheng X, Guo C, Lv Z, Jiang H, Li S, Yu L, Zhang Z. From animal to cell model: Pyroptosis targeted-fibrosis is a novel mechanism of lead-induced testicular toxicity. Food Chem Toxicol 2023:113886. [PMID: 37302539 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) exists widely in soil and seriously threatens agricultural soil and food crops. Pb can cause serious damage to organs. In this study, the animal model of Pb-induced rat testicular injury and the cell model of Pb-induced TM4 Sertoli cell injury were established to verify whether the testicular toxicity of Pb was related to pyroptosis-mediated fibrosis. The results of experiment in vivo showed that Pb could cause oxidative stress and up-regulated the expression levels of inflammation, pyroptosis, and fibrosis-related proteins in the testis of rats. The results of experiments in vitro showed that Pb induced the cell damage, enhanced the reactive oxygen species level in the TM4 Sertoli cells. After using nuclear factor-kappa B inhibitors and Caspase-1 inhibitors, the elevation of TM4 Sertoli cell inflammation, pyroptosis, and fibrosis-related proteins induced by Pb exposure was significantly decreased. Taken together, Pb can cause pyroptosis-targeted fibrosis and ultimately issues in testicular damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Zheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Changming Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Zhanjun Lv
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Huijie Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Siyu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Lu Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Zhigang Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Harbin, 150030, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang M, Yu H, He Y, Liao S, Xu D. Cross-talk between traditional Chinese medicine and Parkinson's disease based on cell autophagy. PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH - MODERN CHINESE MEDICINE 2023; 7:100235. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prmcm.2023.100235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
|
13
|
Role of Nrf2 in aging, Alzheimer's and other neurodegenerative diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 82:101756. [PMID: 36243357 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear Factor-Erythroid Factor 2 (Nrf2) is an important transcription factor that regulates the expression of large number of genes in healthy and disease states. Nrf2 is made up of 605 amino acids and contains 7 conserved regions known as Nrf2-ECH homology domains. Nrf2 regulates the expression of several key components of oxidative stress, mitochondrial biogenesis, mitophagy, autophagy and mitochondrial function in all organs of the human body, in the peripheral and central nervous systems. Mounting evidence also suggests that altered expression of Nrf2 is largely involved in aging, neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's diseases, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Stroke, Multiple sclerosis and others. The purpose of this article is to detail the essential role of Nrf2 in oxidative stress, antioxidative defense, detoxification, inflammatory responses, transcription factors, proteasomal and autophagic/mitophagic degradation, and metabolism in aging and neurodegenerative diseases. This article also highlights the Nrf2 structural and functional activities in healthy and disease states, and also discusses the current status of Nrf2 research and therapeutic strategies to treat aging and neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
|
14
|
The Nurr7 agonist Cytosporone B differentially regulates inflammatory responses in human polarized macrophages. Immunobiology 2022; 227:152299. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2022.152299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
15
|
李 蔚, 石 永, 郭 玉, 田 声. [Nur77 promotes invasion and migration of gastric cancer cells through the NF-κB/IL-6 pathway]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2022; 42:1410-1417. [PMID: 36210716 PMCID: PMC9550556 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2022.09.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the association of Nur77 with overall survival of gastric cancer patients and investigate the role of Nur77 in invasion and migration of gastric cancer cells. METHODS Oncomine database was used to analyze the expression of Nur77 in gastric cancer and gastric mucosa tissues, and the distribution characteristics of Nur77 protein between gastric cancer and normal tissues were compared using Human Protein Atlas. GEPIA2 was used to analyze the relationship of Nur77 expression and the patients' survival. The expression of Nur77 in gastric cancer cell lines GES-1, AGS and MKN-45 were detected by Western blotting. The regulatory interactions between IL-6 and Nur77 were verified by transfecting the cells with specific Nur-77 siRNA and Nur-77-overexpressing plasmid. The changes in migration ability of the cells following Nur-77 knockdown were assessed with scratch assay. The effect of Nur-77 overexpression or IL-6 knockdown, or their combination, on migration and invasion of the gastric cancer cells were examined using Transwell assay. The effect of Nur77 expression level on NF-κB/IL-6 pathway activation was analyzed using Western blotting. RESULTS Oncomine database showed that gastric cancer tissues expressed a significantly higher level of Nur77 mRNA than normal tissues (P < 0.05). Nur77 expression was detected mostly in the nucleus, and a high Nur77 expression was associated with a poor survival outcome of the patients (P < 0.05). In gastric cancer cells, the high expression of Nur77 participated in the regulation of IL-6. Nur77 silencing significantly lowered the migration ability of the cells (P < 0.05), and IL-6 silencing significantly attenuated the enhanced migration caused by Nur77 overexpression (P < 0.05). Nur77 participates in the activation of NF-κB/IL-6 signaling pathway by regulating the expression of p-p65, p65, p-Stat3 and Stat3. CONCLUSION A high Nur77 expression is strongly correlated with a poor prognosis of gastric cancer patients. Nur77 promotes the invasion and migration of gastric cancer cells possibly by regulating the NF-κB/IL-6 signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- 蔚 李
- />常州市金坛第一人民医院肿瘤内科,江苏 常州 213200Department of Oncology, Changzhou Jintan First People's Hospital, Changzhou 213200, China
| | - 永康 石
- />常州市金坛第一人民医院肿瘤内科,江苏 常州 213200Department of Oncology, Changzhou Jintan First People's Hospital, Changzhou 213200, China
| | - 玉华 郭
- />常州市金坛第一人民医院肿瘤内科,江苏 常州 213200Department of Oncology, Changzhou Jintan First People's Hospital, Changzhou 213200, China
| | - 声望 田
- />常州市金坛第一人民医院肿瘤内科,江苏 常州 213200Department of Oncology, Changzhou Jintan First People's Hospital, Changzhou 213200, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Sun CP, Zhou JJ, Yu ZL, Huo XK, Zhang J, Morisseau C, Hammock BD, Ma XC. Kurarinone alleviated Parkinson's disease via stabilization of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids in animal model. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2118818119. [PMID: 35217618 PMCID: PMC8892522 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2118818119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders and is characterized by loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN), causing bradykinesia and rest tremors. Although the molecular mechanism of PD is still not fully understood, neuroinflammation has a key role in the damage of dopaminergic neurons. Herein, we found that kurarinone, a unique natural product from Sophora flavescens, alleviated the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced behavioral deficits and dopaminergic neurotoxicity, including the losses of neurotransmitters and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive cells (SN and striatum [STR]). Furthermore, kurarinone attenuated the MPTP-mediated neuroinflammation via suppressing the activation of microglia involved in the nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathway. The proteomics result of the solvent-induced protein precipitation and thermal proteome profiling suggest that the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) enzyme, which is associated with the neuroinflammation of PD, is a promising target of kurarinone. This is supported by the increase of plasma epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (sEH substrates) and the decrease of dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids (sEH products), and the results of in vitro inhibition kinetics, surface plasmon resonance, and cocrystallization of kurarinone with sEH revealed that this natural compound is an uncompetitive inhibitor. In addition, sEH knockout (KO) attenuated the progression of PD, and sEH KO plus kurarinone did not further reduce the protection of PD in MPTP-induced PD mice. These findings suggest that kurarinone could be a potential natural candidate for the treatment of PD, possibly through sEH inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Peng Sun
- College of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Jun Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Long Yu
- College of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Kui Huo
- College of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Xiao-Chi Ma
- College of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, People's Republic of China;
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Tian H, Chen F, Wang Y, Liu Y, Ma G, Zhao Y, Ma Y, Tian T, Ma R, Yu Y, Wang D. Nur77 Prevents Osteoporosis by Inhibiting the NF-κB Signalling Pathway and Osteoclast Differentiation. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:2163-2176. [PMID: 35181992 PMCID: PMC8995449 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a major risk factor for osteoporosis, and reducing inflammatory levels is important for the prevention of osteoporosis. Although nuclear receptor 77 (Nur77) protects against inflammation in a variety of diseases, its role in osteoporosis is unknown. Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to investigate the osteoprotective and anti‐inflammatory effects of Nur77. The microCT and haematoxylin and eosin staining results indicated that knockout of Nur77 accelerated femoral bone loss in mice. The enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) results showed that knockout of Nur77 increased the serum levels of hsCRP and IL‐6. The expression levels of NF‐κB, IL‐6, TNF‐α and osteoclastogenesis factors (TRAP, NFATC1, Car2, Ctsk) in the femurs of Nur77 knockout mice were increased significantly. Furthermore, in vitro, shNur77 promoted the differentiation of RAW264.7 cells into osteoclasts by activating NF‐κB, which was confirmed by PDTC treatment. Mechanistically, Nur77 inhibited osteoclast differentiation by inducing IκB‐α and suppressing IKK‐β. In RAW264.7 cells, overexpression of Nur77 alleviated inflammation induced by siIκB‐α, while siIKK‐β alleviated inflammation induced by shNur77. Consistent with the in vivo studies, we found that compared with control group, older adults with high serum hsCRP levels were more likely to suffer from osteoporosis (OR = 1.76, p < 0.001). Our data suggest that Nur77 suppresses osteoclast differentiation by inhibiting the NF‐κB signalling pathway, strongly supporting the notion that Nur77 has the potential to prevent and treat osteoporosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huanlian Tian
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.,Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yingfang Wang
- Department of General Practice Medicine, Nanyang Centre Hospital, Nanyang, Henan, China
| | - Yixuan Liu
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Guojing Ma
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yuhong Zhao
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yanan Ma
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Tingting Tian
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Ruze Ma
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Difei Wang
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ma G, Chen F, Liu Y, Zheng L, Jiang X, Tian H, Wang X, Song X, Yu Y, Wang D. Nur77 ameliorates age-related renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis by suppressing the TGF-β/Smads signaling pathway. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22124. [PMID: 34972249 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101332r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Nerve growth factor-induced gene B (Nur77) has been shown to ameliorate several biological processes in chronic diseases, including inflammatory response, cellular proliferation, and metabolism. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by tubulointerstitial fibrosis for which no targeted therapies are available as yet. In this study, we performed in vivo and in vitro experiments to demonstrate that Nur77 targets fibrosis signals and attenuates renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis during the aging process. We observed that the TGF-β/Smads signal pathway was significantly suppressed by Nur77, suggesting that Nur77 controlled the activation of key steps in TGF-β/Smads signaling. We further showed that Nur77 interacted with Smad7, the main repressor of nuclear translocation of Smad2/3, and stabilized Smad7 protein homeostasis. Nur77 deficiency resulted in Smad7 degradation, aggravating Smad2/3 phosphorylation, and promoting transcription of its downstream target genes, ACTA2 and collagen I. Our findings demonstrate that Nur77 is a potential therapeutic target for age-related kidney diseases including CKD. Maintenance of Nur77 may be an effective strategy for blocking renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis and improving renal function in the elderly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guojing Ma
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Institute of Translational Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yixuan Liu
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lixia Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Institute of Translational Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xuehan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Institute of Translational Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Huanlian Tian
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoxun Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoyu Song
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Institute of Translational Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Institute of Translational Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Difei Wang
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Willems S, Zaienne D, Merk D. Targeting Nuclear Receptors in Neurodegeneration and Neuroinflammation. J Med Chem 2021; 64:9592-9638. [PMID: 34251209 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear receptors, also known as ligand-activated transcription factors, regulate gene expression upon ligand signals and present as attractive therapeutic targets especially in chronic diseases. Despite the therapeutic relevance of some nuclear receptors in various pathologies, their potential in neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation is insufficiently established. This perspective gathers preclinical and clinical data for a potential role of individual nuclear receptors as future targets in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and multiple sclerosis, and concomitantly evaluates the level of medicinal chemistry targeting these proteins. Considerable evidence suggests the high promise of ligand-activated transcription factors to counteract neurodegenerative diseases with a particularly high potential of several orphan nuclear receptors. However, potent tools are lacking for orphan receptors, and limited central nervous system exposure or insufficient selectivity also compromises the suitability of well-studied nuclear receptor ligands for functional studies. Medicinal chemistry efforts are needed to develop dedicated high-quality tool compounds for the therapeutic validation of nuclear receptors in neurodegenerative pathologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Willems
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Daniel Zaienne
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Daniel Merk
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| |
Collapse
|