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Campione E, Zarabian N, Cosio T, Borselli C, Artosi F, Cont R, Sorge R, Shumak RG, Costanza G, Rivieccio A, Gaziano R, Bianchi L. Apremilast as a Potential Targeted Therapy for Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with Psoriasis: An Observational Analysis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:989. [PMID: 39204094 PMCID: PMC11357209 DOI: 10.3390/ph17080989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis (PsO) is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis that often presents with erythematous, sharply demarcated lesions. Although psoriasis is primarily a dermatological disease, its immune-mediated pathogenesis produces systemic effects and is closely associated with various comorbid conditions such as cardiovascular disease (CVD), metabolic syndrome (MetS), and diabetes mellitus type II (DMII). Apremilast, an oral phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE-4) inhibitor, has shown promise in treating moderate-to-severe psoriasis and is associated with potential cardiometabolic benefits. In a 12-month prospective observational study involving 137 patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis, we assessed changes in psoriasis clinimetric scores and metabolic profiles from baseline (T0) to 52 weeks (T1) to evaluate the efficacy of apremilast. After 52 weeks of apremilast treatment, we documented a statistically significant decrease in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and total cholesterol, triglycerides, and glucose levels. Our findings even suggest a potential synergistic effect among patients treated with apremilast, alongside concomitant statin and/or insulin therapy. Although the results of our study must be validated on a larger scale, the use of apremilast in the treatment of psoriatic patients with cardio-metabolic comorbidities yields promising results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Campione
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, 00133 Rome, Italy; (C.B.); (F.A.); (R.C.); (R.G.S.); (A.R.); (L.B.)
| | - Nikkia Zarabian
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, 2300 I St NW, Washington, DC 20052, USA;
| | - Terenzio Cosio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (T.C.); (R.G.)
- Dynamyc Research Team 7380, Université de Paris-Est-Créteil, 94000 Créteil, France
| | - Cristiana Borselli
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, 00133 Rome, Italy; (C.B.); (F.A.); (R.C.); (R.G.S.); (A.R.); (L.B.)
| | - Fabio Artosi
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, 00133 Rome, Italy; (C.B.); (F.A.); (R.C.); (R.G.S.); (A.R.); (L.B.)
| | - Riccardo Cont
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, 00133 Rome, Italy; (C.B.); (F.A.); (R.C.); (R.G.S.); (A.R.); (L.B.)
| | - Roberto Sorge
- Laboratory of Biometry, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Ruslana Gaeta Shumak
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, 00133 Rome, Italy; (C.B.); (F.A.); (R.C.); (R.G.S.); (A.R.); (L.B.)
| | - Gaetana Costanza
- Unit of Virology, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy;
| | - Antonia Rivieccio
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, 00133 Rome, Italy; (C.B.); (F.A.); (R.C.); (R.G.S.); (A.R.); (L.B.)
| | - Roberta Gaziano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (T.C.); (R.G.)
| | - Luca Bianchi
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, 00133 Rome, Italy; (C.B.); (F.A.); (R.C.); (R.G.S.); (A.R.); (L.B.)
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Puertas-Umbert L, Alonso J, Hove-Madsen L, Martínez-González J, Rodríguez C. PDE4 Phosphodiesterases in Cardiovascular Diseases: Key Pathophysiological Players and Potential Therapeutic Targets. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17017. [PMID: 38069339 PMCID: PMC10707411 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242317017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) is a second messenger critically involved in the control of a myriad of processes with significant implications for vascular and cardiac cell function. The temporal and spatial compartmentalization of cAMP is governed by the activity of phosphodiesterases (PDEs), a superfamily of enzymes responsible for the hydrolysis of cyclic nucleotides. Through the fine-tuning of cAMP signaling, PDE4 enzymes could play an important role in cardiac hypertrophy and arrhythmogenesis, while it decisively influences vascular homeostasis through the control of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, migration, differentiation and contraction, as well as regulating endothelial permeability, angiogenesis, monocyte/macrophage activation and cardiomyocyte function. This review summarizes the current knowledge and recent advances in understanding the contribution of the PDE4 subfamily to cardiovascular function and underscores the intricate challenges associated with targeting PDE4 enzymes as a therapeutic strategy for the management of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lídia Puertas-Umbert
- Institut de Recerca Sant Pau (IR SANT PAU), 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (L.P.-U.); (J.A.); (L.H.-M.)
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Judith Alonso
- Institut de Recerca Sant Pau (IR SANT PAU), 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (L.P.-U.); (J.A.); (L.H.-M.)
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIBB-CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leif Hove-Madsen
- Institut de Recerca Sant Pau (IR SANT PAU), 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (L.P.-U.); (J.A.); (L.H.-M.)
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIBB-CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Martínez-González
- Institut de Recerca Sant Pau (IR SANT PAU), 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (L.P.-U.); (J.A.); (L.H.-M.)
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIBB-CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Rodríguez
- Institut de Recerca Sant Pau (IR SANT PAU), 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (L.P.-U.); (J.A.); (L.H.-M.)
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIBB-CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
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Tang Y, Jin L, Qi W, Gao Y, Xie Y, Xie X, Lv J, Jiang Z, Jiang H, Fan C, Yan J. N-acetyl-L-cysteine attenuated the toxicity of ZIF-8 on EA.hy926 endothelial cells by wnt/β-catenin pathway. Toxicol In Vitro 2023; 88:105553. [PMID: 36634885 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2023.105553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
As kinds of porous crystalline compounds, zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) have been developed quickly and attracted considerable attention for use in nano drug delivery systems, which raised concerns about cardiovascular disorders. At the present, the cytotoxic mechanism of ZIFs in cardiovascular disorders was still unclear. Our experiment explored the toxicity of ZIF-8, a typical kind of ZIFs, on human EA.hy926 vascular endothelial cells. The cell viability, ROS formation, apoptosis level, inflammatory response level, wound healing ability and atherosclerosis-related indicators of EA.hy926 endothelial cells were analyzed after ZIF-8 treatment. Meanwhile, we evaluated the ability of antioxidant N-Acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) to attenuate the toxicity of ZIF-8 on EA.hy926 endothelial cells. As results, NAC attenuated ROS formation, cell apoptosis, LDH formation and endothelial dysfunction caused by ZIF-8. As the Wnt/β-catenin pathway was involved in endothelial cell dysfunction, we also studied the expression level of β-catenin and LEF1 in ZIF-8 and/or NAC treated EA.hy926 cells. As expected, ZIF-8 increased the protein expressions of β-catenin and LEF1in the IC50 group, which was significantly inhibited by co-treatment with NAC. Taken together, this study could help improve our understanding about the mechanism of ZIF-8-induced endothelial cells injury and NAC had therapeutic potential in preventing ZIF-8-associated endothelial dysfunction by wnt/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxin Tang
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lifang Jin
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China; Shaoxing Academy of Biomedicine of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenwen Qi
- Xiangzhou District People's Hospital, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Yue Gao
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yixia Xie
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xueying Xie
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianan Lv
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhikai Jiang
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - He Jiang
- The First Clinical Medical School of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Caixia Fan
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Junyan Yan
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China.
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Yang XF, Liu X, Yan XY, Shang DJ. Effects of frog skin peptide temporin-1CEa and its analogs on ox-LDL induced macrophage-derived foam cells. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1139532. [PMID: 37021059 PMCID: PMC10067733 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1139532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Atherosclerosis is one of the most important pathological foundations of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases with high morbidity and mortality. Studies have shown that macrophages play important roles in lipid accumulation in the vascular wall and thrombosis formation in atherosclerotic plaques. This study aimed to explore the effect of frog skin antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) temporin-1CEa and its analogs on ox-LDL induced macrophage-derived foam cells.Methods: CCK-8, ORO staining, and intracellular cholesterol measurements were used to study cellular activity, lipid droplet formation and cholesterol levels, respectively. ELISA, real-time quantitative PCR, Western blotting and flow cytometry analysis were used to study the expression of inflammatory factors, mRNA and proteins associated with ox-LDL uptake and cholesterol efflux in macrophage-derived foam cells, respectively. Furthermore, the effects of AMPs on inflammation signaling pathways were studied.Results: Frog skin AMPs could significantly increase the cell viability of the ox-LDL-induced foaming macrophages and decrease the formation of intracellular lipid droplets and the levels of total cholesterol and cholesterol ester (CE). Frog skin AMPs inhibited foaming formation by reducing the protein expression of CD36, which regulates ox-LDL uptake but had no effect on the expression of efflux proteins ATP binding cassette subfamily A/G member 1 (ABCA1/ABCG1). Then, decreased mRNA expression of NF-κB and protein expression of p-NF-κB p65, p-IκB, p-JNK, p-ERK, p-p38 and the release of TNF-α and IL-6 occurred after exposure to the three frog skin AMPs.Conclusion: Frog skin peptide temporin-1CEa and its analogs can improve the ox-LDL induced formation of macrophage-derived foam cells, in addition, inhibit inflammatory cytokine release through inhibiting the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways, thereby inhibiting inflammatory responses in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Feng Yang
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Xin Liu
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiao-Yi Yan
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - De-Jing Shang
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
- *Correspondence: De-Jing Shang,
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Song F, Li S, Dai X, Yang F, Cao Y. Activation of KLF6 by titanate nanofibers and regulatory roles of KLF6 on ATF3 in the endothelial monolayer and mouse aortas. Mol Omics 2023; 19:150-161. [PMID: 36538054 DOI: 10.1039/d1mo00470k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Although titanium (Ti)-based nanomaterials (NMs) were traditionally considered as biologically inert materials, it was recently reported that Ti-based NMs induce adverse vascular effects by inhibiting Kruppel-like factor 2 (KLF2) and/or KLF4, vasoprotective KLFs with well-documented regulatory activity in NO signaling. However, the potential roles of other KLFs are not clear. KLF6 was recently identified as an important KLF involved in regulating endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, and angiogenesis, therefore, this study investigated the influence of titanate nanofibers (TiNFs) on KLF6-mediated events. Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) showed that TiNFs altered the expression of a panel of KLF6-related genes: KLF6-mediated gene ontology (GO) terms were altered, categories including cytokine-mediated signaling pathways, transcription factor (TF) functions and membrane-bound organelles. Additionally, RT-PCR confirmed that TiNFs increased KLF6 activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3), a TF involved in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and ELISA confirmed the increase of soluble monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (sMCP-1), a KLF6-related inflammatory cytokine. Interestingly, the activation of klf6, atf3 and C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (ccl2; mcp-1 encoding gene) was observed in aortas of mice following one-time intravenous injection but not intratracheal instillation of TiNFs (100 μg per mouse), indicating a need for direct contact with NMs to activate klf6-mediated pathways in vivo. In endothelial cells, KLF6 knockdown inhibited the expression of ATF3 but not CCL2, suggesting the regulatory role of KLF6 in ATF3 expression. Overall, this study uncovered a previously unknown role of KLF6 in TiNF-induced vascular effects both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengmei Song
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China.
| | - Shuang Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, China
| | - Xuyan Dai
- Economic College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Fei Yang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China.
| | - Yi Cao
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China.
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Febuxostat Alleviates Allergic Rhinitis by Inhibiting Inflammation and Monocyte Adhesion in Human Nasal Epithelial Cells via Regulating KLF6. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:9092311. [PMID: 36118091 PMCID: PMC9477640 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9092311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Febuxostat is a novel inhibitor of xanthine oxidase that suppresses cell adhesion molecules-mediated (CAMs) inflammation by activating KLF6. In this study, we explored the therapeutic function and potential mechanisms of febuxostat against allergic rhinitis (AR). Methods We investigated the role of febuxostat through in vitro cell and in vivo animal experiments. Human nasal epithelial cells (hNECs) were cultured with histamine as an in vitro model. To establish the AR animal model, rats were exposed to ovalbumin. Rats were randomly grouped into control, model, 7.5 mg/kg febuxostat, and 15 mg/kg febuxostat groups. Results In the in vitro study, we found significantly increased release of lactate dehydrogenase, elevated production of inflammatory factors and chemokines, and upregulated CAMs in histamine-treated hNECs. However, these results were significantly reversed for the 10 and 20 μM febuxostat treatments. The enhanced adhesion between hNECs and monocytes induced by histamine was dramatically repressed by febuxostat. In the vivo experiments, we observed that febuxostat ameliorated the increased sneezing times, the number of nose scratching episodes, and elevated HE pathological scores as well as alleviated the inflammation in nasal mucous tissues of AR mice. We found that KLF6, which was downregulated in histamine-treated hNECs, was significantly upregulated by febuxostat. The inhibitory effects of febuxostat on the expression levels of CAMs and adhesion between histamine-treated hNECs and monocytes were significantly abolished by the knockdown of KLF6. Conclusion Febuxostat alleviates AR by inhibiting inflammation and monocyte adhesion in human nasal epithelial cells through the regulation of KLF6.
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Sui D, Yu H. Protective roles of apremilast via Sirtuin 1 in atherosclerosis. Bioengineered 2022; 13:13872-13881. [PMID: 35707830 PMCID: PMC9276050 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2085390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease with a high level of cholesterol in the blood. Apremilast is a new anti-inflammatory drug that possesses a potential anti-atherosclerosis effect. RT-qPCR and western blot were undertaken to assay the levels of Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor 1 (LOX-1), and CD36 molecule (CD36). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were evaluated by 2’, 7’-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) staining, and Oil Red O staining was performed to show lipid accumulation. The result showed that apremilast treatment reduced the expression levels of pro-inflammatory factors and p-p65, as well as lipid accumulation. Meanwhile, triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and free cholesterol (FC) levels declined in oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-treated macrophages. Mechanistically, apremilast targets SIRT1 and increases SIRT1 expression. The efficacy of apremilast on inflammatory response and lipid formation required the involvement of SIRT1. Additionally, apremilast treatment reduced scavenger receptors, LOX-1, and CD36 levels. These findings suggest the protective effects of apremilast via SIRT1 in atherogenesis and highlight the need for translational research from bench to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongkui Sui
- Ultrasonography Department, the Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, the First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hua Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
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Piaserico S, Messina F. Pharmacological management of severe plaque psoriasis in patients with cardiovascular disease. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2022; 23:853-864. [PMID: 35361040 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2022.2060739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is compelling evidence about the independent association between psoriasis and an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, in particular myocardial infarction, chronic heart failure and cardiac arrythmia. This is due to both the higher prevalence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors (including hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, obesity, and smoking) and an independent contribution of chronic systemic inflammation associated with psoriasis. Inflammation is not only important in atherosclerosis, but also is increasingly recognized as a contributing factor to heart failure and arrythmia through microvascular dysfunction and myocardial fibrosis. When treating a patient with severe psoriasis, it is recommended to take into consideration this enhanced cardiovascular risk. Moreover, the use of a systemic treatment in a patient with already existing cardiovascular comorbidities should always be considered with caution, assessing the pro and cons of these drugs. AREAS COVERED Herein, the authors review the pharmacological management of severe plaque psoriasis in patients with cardiovascular disease, providing their expert opinion and future perspectives on the subject. EXPERT OPINION Theoretically, anti-inflammatory drugs may not only dampen the systemic burden associated with psoriasis, but also potentially contribute to prevent long-term cardiovascular events in psoriasis. On the other hand, some treatments may also induce negative effects on the cardiovascular system. Whether findings from observational studies or ones evaluating surrogates of cardiovascular risk translate into reductions in cardiovascular events needs to be investigated by long-term clinical trials with clinically meaningful endpoints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Piaserico
- Department of Medicine, Dermatology Unit, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Francesco Messina
- Department of Medicine, Dermatology Unit, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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Gao F, Zhao Y, Zhang B, Xiao C, Sun Z, Gao Y, Dou X. SESN1 attenuates the Ox‑LDL‑induced inflammation, apoptosis and endothelial‑mesenchymal transition of human umbilical vein endothelial cells by regulating AMPK/SIRT1/LOX1 signaling. Mol Med Rep 2022; 25:161. [PMID: 35293601 PMCID: PMC8941522 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells are an important component of the heart and vasculature and form a crucial link between the cardiovascular system and the immune system. Sestrin 1 (SESN1) has an important role in atherosclerosis by inhibiting NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 inflammasome activation. However, whether SESN1 is involved in human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) injury caused by atherosclerosis has remained to be elucidated. The present study aimed to investigate the functions of SESN1 in the inflammatory response, apoptosis and endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) of HUVECs following stimulation with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL). SESN1 expression at the mRNA and protein levels was detected using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and western blot analysis. Following SESN1 overexpression in Ox-LDL-stimulated HUVECs, cell viability was determined using a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick-end labeling staining was employed to detect cell apoptosis and western blot analysis was used to determine the levels of apoptosis-related proteins. RT-qPCR, ELISA and western blot were utilized to determine the levels of inflammatory factors. Immunofluorescence staining, RT-qPCR and western blot analysis were employed to assess the EndMT of Ox-LDL-stimulated HUVECs. The results revealed that SESN1 exhibited a low expression in HUVECs following Ox-LDL stimulation. SESN1 overexpression suppressed inflammation, apoptosis and EndMT in Ox-LDL-induced HUVECs. In addition, SESN1 stimulated adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit α1/sirtuin 1 signaling to suppress Ox-LDL receptor-1 expression. An AMPK and SIRT1 inhibitor reversed the effects of SESN1 overexpression on the inflammatory response, apoptosis and EndMT of HUVECs exposed to Ox-LDL. Taken together, the present study demonstrated that SENS1 exerts a suppressive effect on Ox-LDL-induced inflammation, apoptosis and EndMT of HUVECs, suggesting that SENS1 may be used as a novel biomarker for endothelial injury-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Gao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221005, P.R. China
| | - Yongcheng Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221005, P.R. China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221005, P.R. China
| | - Chunwei Xiao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221005, P.R. China
| | - Zhanfa Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221005, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221005, P.R. China
| | - Xueyong Dou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221005, P.R. China
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Apremilast Improves Endothelial Glycocalyx Integrity, Vascular and Left Ventricular Myocardial Function in Psoriasis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15020172. [PMID: 35215285 PMCID: PMC8876564 DOI: 10.3390/ph15020172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor apremilast is used for the treatment of psoriasis. We investigated the effects of apremilast on endothelial glycocalyx, vascular and left ventricular (LV) myocardial function in psoriasis. One hundred and fifty psoriatic patients were randomized to apremilast (n = 50), anti-tumor necrosis factor-α (etanercept; n = 50), or cyclosporine (n = 50). At baseline and 4 months post-treatment, we measured: (1) Perfused boundary region (PBR), a marker of glycocalyx integrity, in sublingual microvessels with diameter 5–25 μm using a Sidestream Dark Field camera (GlycoCheck). Increased PBR indicates damaged glycocalyx. Functional microvascular density, an index of microvascular perfusion, was also measured. (2) Pulse wave velocity (PWV-Complior) and (3) LV global longitudinal strain (GLS) using speckle-tracking echocardiography. Compared with baseline, PBR5–25 μm decreased only after apremilast (−12% at 4 months, p < 0.05) whereas no significant changes in PBR5–25 μm were observed after etanercept or cyclosporine treatment. Compared with etanercept and cyclosporine, apremilast resulted in a greater increase of functional microvascular density (+14% versus +1% versus −1%) and in a higher reduction of PWV. Apremilast showed a greater increase of GLS (+13.5% versus +7% versus +2%) than etanercept and cyclosporine (p < 0.05). In conclusion, apremilast restores glycocalyx integrity and confers a greater improvement of vascular and myocardial function compared with etanercept or cyclosporine after 4 months.
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Xu L, Shao F. Sitagliptin protects renal glomerular endothelial cells against high glucose-induced dysfunction and injury. Bioengineered 2021; 13:655-666. [PMID: 34967261 PMCID: PMC8805972 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2012550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Sitagliptin is a well-established anti-diabetic drug that also exerts protective effects on diabetic complications. Previous work reveals that sitagliptin has a protective effect on diabetic nephropathy (DN). Vascular impairment frequently occurs in diabetic renal complications. Here, we evaluated the protective function of sitagliptin in human renal glomerular endothelial cells (HrGECs) under high glucose (HG) conditions. Expressions of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) were assessed using real-time PCR and ELISA. Endothelial cells permeability was assayed using the fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran (FITC-dextran) and trans-endothelial electrical resistance (TEER) assay. The results show that sitagliptin mitigated HG-induced oxidative stress in HrGECs with decreased levels of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), Malondialdehyde (MDA), and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG). Sitagliptin inhibited HG-induced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) in HrGECs. It also ameliorated HG-induced aggravation of HrGECs permeability and reduction of the tight junction component claudin-5. Moreover, kruppel Like Factor 6 (KLF6) mediated the protective effects of sitagliptin on endothelial monolayer permeability against HG. Collectively, sitagliptin reversed the HG-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and increased permeability in HrGECs via regulating KLF6. This study suggests that sitagliptin might be implicated as an effective strategy for preventing diabetic renal injuries in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Fengmin Shao
- Department of Nephrology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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12
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Otto M, Dorn B, Grasmik T, Doll M, Meissner M, Jakob T, Hrgovic I. Apremilast effectively inhibits TNFα-induced vascular inflammation in human endothelial cells. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021; 36:237-246. [PMID: 34699634 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with chronic inflammatory diseases (e.g. psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis) are at increased risk for the development of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Previous studies have suggested that phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitors possess anti-inflammatory properties. OBJECTIVES Here we examined the effect of the PDE4 inhibitor apremilast, a well-established anti-psoriatic drug, on pro-inflammatory responses in TNFα-activated endothelial cells. METHODS Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were treated with tumour necrosis factor-α (TNFα) in the presence or absence of apremilast. Expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and adhesion molecules were assessed by ELISA, western blot and RT-PCR. Effects of apremilast on adhesion and transendothelial migration (TEM) of THP-1 monocytic cells were analysed in transwell assays. RESULTS Apremilast suppressed TNFα-induced expression and secretion of important endothelial and monocytic pro-inflammatory factors, including granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10), chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2), vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), E-selectin and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9). Functionally, apremilast reduced adhesion of THP-1 cells to activated HUVECs and TEM in response to TNFα. Mechanistically, apremilast suppressed activation of nuclear factor κB (NFκB) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) signalling in activated HUVECs. Furthermore, inhibition of p38, C-Jun-N-terminale Kinase (JNK) and NFκB in activated HUVECs decreased expression of GM-CSF, VCAM-1 and E-selectin. Additionally, apremilast decreased IL-17A-induced secretion of IL-6 and CCL2. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate that apremilast has distinct anti-inflammatory effects in activated HUVECs, indicating that apremilast could have the therapeutic potential to prevent higher risk for CVD in patients with chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Otto
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Experimental Dermatology and Allergy Research Group, University Medical Center Giessen, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - B Dorn
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Experimental Dermatology and Allergy Research Group, University Medical Center Giessen, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - T Grasmik
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Experimental Dermatology and Allergy Research Group, University Medical Center Giessen, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - M Doll
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergy, Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - M Meissner
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergy, Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - T Jakob
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Experimental Dermatology and Allergy Research Group, University Medical Center Giessen, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - I Hrgovic
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Experimental Dermatology and Allergy Research Group, University Medical Center Giessen, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
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Ma J, Chen L, Zhu X, Li Q, Hu L, Li H. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomal miR-21a-5p promotes M2 macrophage polarization and reduces macrophage infiltration to attenuate atherosclerosis. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2021; 53:1227-1236. [PMID: 34350954 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmab102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is the main pathological basis for ischemic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes have the potential to alleviate AS, while the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we aimed to investigate the mechanism of MSC-derived exosomes in AS. The AS mouse model was prepared by feeding ApoE-/- mice with high-fat diet. AS mice were administered with MSC-derived exosomes, and the atherosclerotic plaque area was analyzed by Oil Red O staining. Mouse RAW264.7 macrophages were incubated with MSC-derived exosomes. The macrophage infiltration, macrophage proportion, and cell migration were estimated by immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, or Transwell assay. The relationship between miR-21a-5p and kruppel-like factor 6 (KLF6) or extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 2 (ERK2) was verified by luciferase reporter assay. We found that MSC-derived exosomes promoted M2 polarization of macrophages and reduced plaque area and macrophage infiltration in AS mice. miR-21a-5p overexpression caused an increase of M2 macrophages in RAW264.7 cells and led to a decrease in migration of RAW264.7 cells. Moreover, both KLF6 and ERK2 are the targets of miR-21a-5p. MSC-derived exosomes containing miR-21a-5p promoted M2 polarization of RAW264.7 cells by suppressing KLF6 expression. MSC-derived exosomes containing miR-21a-5p inhibited migration of RAW264.7 cells through inhibiting the ERK1/2 signaling pathway. In conclusion, MSC-derived exosomes containing miR-21a-5p promote macrophage polarization and reduce macrophage infiltration by targeting KLF6 and ERK1/2 signaling pathways, thereby attenuating the development of AS. Thus, MSC-derived exosomes may be a promising treatment for AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Xiang Zhu
- Department of Gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Qing Li
- The Central Laboratory of Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Liqun Hu
- Department of Gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Hongqi Li
- Department of Gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China
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14
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Wu Y, Hao R, Lan B, Mu Y, Dang F, Wang R. The protective effects of naproxen against interleukin-1β (IL-1β)- induced damage in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Bioengineered 2021; 12:5361-5372. [PMID: 34427537 PMCID: PMC8806478 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1955560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are one of the most widely used medications in the world. Naproxen is an NSAID with relatively low selectivity for cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), thereby having decreased risk for cardiovascular (CV) events. However, it is unclear whether naproxen might provide protection against atherosclerosis, an underlying cause of numerous cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). In the present study, we exposed human umbilical vein endothelial cells to interleukin-1β (IL-1β), a key cytokine involved in atherogenesis, with or without naproxen. Our findings indicate that naproxen could protect against IL-1β-induced damage by improving cell viability and preventing cell death. Additionally, naproxen suppressed the expression of the cytokines IL-6, IL-12, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and downregulated the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and tissue factor (TF) induced by IL-1β. Importantly, naproxen also inhibited the attachment of monocytes to endothelial cells, which was achieved through Krüppel-like factor 6 (KLF6)-mediated reduced expression of intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and E-selectin. These findings suggest that naproxen may aid in the prevention of atherosclerosis by exerting cardioprotective effects beyond low COX-2-selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliang Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ruina Hao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Beidi Lan
- Department of Structural Heart Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yiping Mu
- Department of Medical Information Management Office, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fuping Dang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ruitao Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Nowowiejska J, Baran A, Flisiak I. Aberrations in Lipid Expression and Metabolism in Psoriasis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6561. [PMID: 34207318 PMCID: PMC8234564 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis (PSO) is a common skin disease that affects about 1%-3% of the general population. It is a great medical, social and economic burden since PSO is associated with many comorbidities, of which the most common are cardiometabolic disorders. Psoriatic patients suffer more frequently from obesity, dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Research shows that lipid expression and metabolism disorders are present more often in such patients. This review focuses on a variety of aberrations in lipids in the skin, blood, and adipose tissue in psoriatic patients and their multifactorial impact on the pathogenesis of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Baran
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Bialystok, Zurawia 14 St, 15-540 Bialystok, Poland; (J.N.); (I.F.)
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