Systemic analyses of expression patterns and clinical features for GIMAPs family members in lung adenocarcinoma

GIMAP7 inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition and glycolysis in lung adenocarcinoma cells via regulating the Smo/AMPK signaling pathway

BACKGROUND

GTPase immunity-associated protein 7 (GIMAP7) has been previously recognized as a prognostic marker in pan-cancer. Our objective was to explore the function of GIMAP7 in the progression of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD).

METHODS

GIMAP7 was overexpressed by transfection with GIMAP7 plasmid, and knocked down using siRNAs. The biological functions of GIMAP7 were examined by employing CCK-8, EdU, colony formation, flow cytometry, wound healing, and transwell assays. The effects of GIMAP7 on the extracellular acidification rate (ECAR), oxygen consumption rate (OCR), lactate production, and glucose uptake were evaluated. In addition, the related mRNA and protein expression was detected employing immunohistochemical, western blot, and qRT-PCR. A xenograft tumor model was established in nude mice to evaluate the effects of GIMAP7 on tumor growth.

RESULTS

GIMAP7 was lowly expressed in LUAD tissues and cells. GIMAP7 inhibited the proliferation, mobility, EMT, glycolysis, but promoted apoptosis in LUAD cells. Moreover, we also confirmed that GIMAP7 suppressed Smo/AMPK signaling in LUAD cells. By adding the Smo agonist SAG and AMPK agonist GSK621, the results of rescue experiments further verified that GIMAP7 played a role in LUAD inhibition through inhibition of the Smo/AMPK signaling pathway. Furthermore, the role of GIMAP7 in inhibiting tumor growth was verified in vivo.

CONCLUSIONS

These results demonstrate that GIMAP7 could inhibit cell proliferation, mobility and glycolysis, but accelerate apoptosis via repressing the Smo/AMPK signaling pathway in LUAD.

Radiogenomic Features of GIMAP Family Genes in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: An Observational Study on CT Images

GTPases of immunity-associated proteins (GIMAP) genes include seven functional genes and a pseudogene. Most of the GIMAPs have a role in the maintenance and development of lymphocytes. GIMAPs could inhibit the development of tumors by increasing the amount and antitumor activity of infiltrating immunocytes. Knowledge of key factors that affect the tumor immune microenvironment for predicting the efficacy of immunotherapy and establishing new targets in ccRCC is of great importance. A computed tomography (CT)-based radiogenomic approach was used to detect the imaging phenotypic features of GIMAP family gene expression in ccRCC. In this retrospective study we enrolled 193 ccRCC patients divided into two groups: ccRCC patients with GIMAP expression (n = 52) and ccRCC patients without GIMAP expression (n = 141). Several imaging features were evaluated on preoperative CT scan. A statistically significant correlation was found with absence of endophytic growth pattern (p = 0.049), tumor infiltration (p = 0.005), advanced age (p = 0.018), and high Fuhrman grade (p = 0.024). This study demonstrates CT imaging features of GIMAP expression in ccRCC. These results could allow the collection of data on GIMAP expression through a CT-approach and could be used for the development of a targeted therapy.

GIMAP7 as a Potential Predictive Marker for Pan-Cancer Prognosis and Immunotherapy Efficacy

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Gimap5 Inhibits Lung Cancer Growth by Interacting With M6PR

Objective

Several studies have demonstrated the impacts of GTPases of immunity-associated proteins (GIMAPs) on malignant cells. However, the mechanisms through which Gimap5 regulates lung cancer cells are yet to be thoroughly investigated in the literature. Our study aimed to investigate the function of Gimap5 in the development of lung cancer.

Methods

The expression levels of the GIMAP family were analyzed in lung cancer patients of various cancer databases and lung cancer cell lines. After the survival rates of the cells were analyzed, we constructed Gimap5 over-expressed lung cancer cell lines and assessed the effects of Gimap5 on cell migration, cell invasion, cell proliferation and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). We later screened the interacting proteins of Gimap5 using Co-IP combined with mass spectrometry and then analyzed the expression and distribution of M6PR, including its impacts on protein-arginine deiminase type-4 (PADI4).

Results

Findings indicated that GIMAP family expression decreased significantly in lung cancer cell lines. We also noticed that the downregulation of the GIMAP family was related to the poor prognosis of lung cancer patients. Our experimental results showed that Gimap5 could inhibit the migration, invasion, proliferation and EMT of lung cancer cell lines. Moreover, we found that Gimap5 promoted the transport of M6PR from the cytoplasm to the cell membrane, thereby inhibiting the enhancement of EMT-related PADI4.

Conclusion

Our research suggested that Gimap5 could inhibit the growth of lung cancer by interacting with M6PR and that it could be a potential biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of lung cancer.