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Ren Y, Li Z, Li J, Liang R, Wang Z, Bai Y, Yang Y, Tang Q, Fu Y, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Yu Y, Xiong Y. m 6 A mRNA methylation: Biological features, mechanisms, and therapeutic potentials in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Obes Rev 2023; 24:e13639. [PMID: 37732463 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
As the most common internal post-transcriptional RNA modification in eukaryotic cells, N6-methyladenosine (m6 A) performs a dynamic and reversible role in a variety of biological processes mediated by methyltransferases (writers), demethylases (erasers), and m6 A binding proteins (readers). M6 A methylation enables transcriptome conversion in different signals that regulate various physiological activities and organ development. Over the past few years, emerging studies have identified that mRNA m6 A regulators defect in β-cell leads to abnormal regulation of the target mRNAs, thereby resulting in β-cell dysfunction and loss of β-cell identity and mass, which are strongly associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) pathogenesis. Also, mRNA m6 A modification has been implicated with insulin resistance in muscles, fat, and liver cells/tissues. In this review, we elaborate on the biological features of m6 A methylation; provide a comprehensive overview of the underlying mechanisms that how it controls β-cell function, identity, and mass as well as insulin resistance; highlight its connections to glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism linking to T2DM; and further discuss its role in diabetes complications and its therapeutic potentials for T2DM diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Ren
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zi Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiaoyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Rui Liang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yiduo Bai
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yafang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qian Tang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yaolei Fu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaobo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuyan Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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Arza-Apalategi S, Heuts BMH, Dooijes MTM, Gilissen D, van der Heijden AJP, Jansen JH, Martens JHA, van der Reijden BA. High expression of an intragenic long noncoding RNA misinterpreted as high FTO oncogene expression in NPM1 mutant acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia 2023; 37:901-904. [PMID: 36807648 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-023-01844-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Saioa Arza-Apalategi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Hematology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Branco M H Heuts
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Radboud University, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Meike T M Dooijes
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Hematology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Daan Gilissen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Hematology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Adrian J P van der Heijden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Hematology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Joop H Jansen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Hematology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Joost H A Martens
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Radboud University, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bert A van der Reijden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Hematology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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Targeting the "undruggable": RNA-binding proteins in the spotlight in cancer therapy. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:69-83. [PMID: 35772609 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Tumors refractory to conventional therapy belong to specific subpopulations of cancer cells, which have acquired a higher number of mutations/epigenetic changes than the majority of cancer cells. This property provides them the ability to become resistant to therapy. Aberrant expression of certain RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) can regulate the sensitivity of tumor cells to chemotherapeutic drugs by binding to specific regions present in the 3´-UTR of certain mRNAs to promote or repress mRNA translation or by interacting with other proteins (including RBPs) and non-coding RNAs that are part of ribonucleoprotein complexes. In particular, an increasing interest in the RBPs involved in chemoresistance has recently emerged. In this review, we discuss how RBPs are not only affected by chemotherapeutic treatments, but also play an active role in therapeutic responses via the direct modulation of crucial cancer-related proteins. A special focus is being placed on the development of therapeutic strategies targeting these RBPs.
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Li W, Deng X, Chen J. RNA-binding proteins in regulating mRNA stability and translation: roles and mechanisms in cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:664-677. [PMID: 35381329 PMCID: PMC9526761 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are key players in cellular physiology through posttranscriptional regulation of the expression of target RNA transcripts. By modulating the processing, stability and translation of cancer-related messenger RNA (mRNA) transcripts, a large set of RBPs play essential roles in various types of cancers. Perturbations in RBP activity have been causally associated with cancer development, tumor metabolism, drug resistance, cancer stem cell self-renewal, and tumor immune evasion. Here, we summarize the recent advances in cancer pathological roles and mechanisms of RBPs in regulating mRNA stability and translation with an emphasis on the emerging category of RNA modification-associated RBPs. The functional diversity of RBPs in different types of cancers and the therapeutic potential of targeting dysregulated RBPs for cancer treatment are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Monrovia 91016, USA
| | - Xiaolan Deng
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Monrovia 91016, USA
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Monrovia 91016, USA; City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.
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