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Frosina G. Advancements in Image-Based Models for High-Grade Gliomas Might Be Accelerated. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1566. [PMID: 38672647 PMCID: PMC11048778 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16081566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The first half of 2022 saw the publication of several major research advances in image-based models and artificial intelligence applications to optimize treatment strategies for high-grade gliomas, the deadliest brain tumors. We review them and discuss the barriers that delay their entry into clinical practice; particularly, the small sample size and the heterogeneity of the study designs and methodologies used. We will also write about the poor and late palliation that patients suffering from high-grade glioma can count on at the end of life, as well as the current legislative instruments, with particular reference to Italy. We suggest measures to accelerate the gradual progress in image-based models and end of life care for patients with high-grade glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Frosina
- Mutagenesis & Cancer Prevention Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy
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Wang Z, Chen G, Yuan D, Wu P, Guo J, Lu Y, Wang Z. Caveolin-1 promotes glioma proliferation and metastasis by enhancing EMT via mediating PAI-1 activation and its correlation with immune infiltrates. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24464. [PMID: 38298655 PMCID: PMC10827802 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioma is typically characterized by a poor prognosis and is associated with a decline in the quality of life as the disease advances. However, the development of effective therapies for glioma has been inadequate. Caveolin-1 (CAV-1) is a membrane protein that plays a role in caveolae formation and interacts with numerous signaling proteins, compartmentalizing them in caveolae and frequently exerting direct control over their activity through binding to its scaffolding domain. Although CAV-1 is a vital regulator of tumour progression, its role in glioma remains unclear. Our findings indicated that the knockdown of CAV-1 significantly inhibits the proliferation and metastasis of glioma. Subsequent mechanistic investigations demonstrated that CAV-1 promotes proliferation and metastasis by activating the photoshatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) signaling pathway. Furthermore, we demonstrated that CAV-1 overexpression upregulates the expression of serpin peptidase inhibitor, class E, member 1 (SERPINE1, also known as PAI-1), which serves as a marker for the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. Further research showed that PAI-1 knockdown abolished the CAV-1 mediated activation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. In glioma tissues, CAV-1 expression exhibited a correlation with unfavorable prognosis and immune infiltration among glioma patients. In summary, our study provided evidence that CAV-1 activates the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway by upregulating PAI-1, thereby promoting the proliferation and metastasis of glioma through enhanced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and angiogenesis, and CAV-1 is involved in the immune infiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxiang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yancheng First Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No. 166 Yulong West Road, Yancheng, 224000, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, No. 166 Yulong West Road, Yancheng, 224000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yancheng First Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No. 166 Yulong West Road, Yancheng, 224000, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, No. 166 Yulong West Road, Yancheng, 224000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Debin Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yancheng First Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No. 166 Yulong West Road, Yancheng, 224000, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, No. 166 Yulong West Road, Yancheng, 224000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peizhang Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yancheng First Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No. 166 Yulong West Road, Yancheng, 224000, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, No. 166 Yulong West Road, Yancheng, 224000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yancheng First Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No. 166 Yulong West Road, Yancheng, 224000, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, No. 166 Yulong West Road, Yancheng, 224000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yisheng Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong University, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Department of Pediatric General Surgery, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, No. 355 Luding Road, Shanghai, 200062, Shanghai, China
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