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Yu B, Wang K, Hao H, Liu Y, Yue Y, Li X, Xing X, Zhang X. Small extracellular vesicles derived from microRNA-22-3p-overexpressing mesenchymal stem cells protect retinal ganglion cells by regulating MAPK pathway. Commun Biol 2024; 7:807. [PMID: 38961177 PMCID: PMC11222527 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06511-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness and is characterized by progressive retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss and retinal nerve fiber layer thinning. Currently, no existing treatment is effective for the preservation of RGCs. MicroRNA-22-3p (miR22) and small extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-sEVs) have neuroprotective effects. In this study, we apply miR22-overexpressing MSC-sEVs in an N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA)-induced RGC injury model to assess their short-term therapeutic effects and explore the underlying mechanisms. We find that mice in the miR22-sEVs-treated group have thicker retinas, fewer apoptotic cells, more reserved RGCs, better retinal function, and lower expression levels of Bax and caspase-3. MiR22-sEVs treatment promotes viability, inhibits apoptosis and inhibits Bax and caspase-3 expression in RGC-5 cells. MiR22 targets mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 12 to inhibit apoptosis by regulating the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. Collectively, our results suggest that miR22-sEVs ameliorate NMDA-induced RGC injury through the inhibition of MAPK signaling pathway-mediated apoptosis, providing a potential therapy for glaucoma and other diseases that involve RGC damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, No. 251, Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Kang Wang
- Binzhou Medical University Hospital, No. 661, Huanghe 2nd Road, Binzhou City, Shandong, 256600, China
| | - Huijie Hao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, No. 251, Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, No. 251, Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Yi Yue
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, No. 251, Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Xiaorong Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, No. 251, Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Xiaoli Xing
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, No. 251, Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300384, China.
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, No. 251, Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300384, China.
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Fang X, Zhou D, Wang X, Ma Y, Zhong G, Jing S, Huang S, Wang Q. Exosomes: A Cellular Communication Medium That Has Multiple Effects On Brain Diseases. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-03957-4. [PMID: 38356095 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-03957-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Exosomes, as membranous vesicles generated by multiple cell types and secreted to extracellular space, play a crucial role in a range of brain injury-related brain disorders by transporting diverse proteins, RNA, DNA fragments, and other functional substances. The nervous system's pathogenic mechanisms are complicated, involving pathological processes like as inflammation, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and autophagy, all of which result in blood-brain barrier damage, cognitive impairment, and even loss of normal motor function. Exosomes have been linked to the incidence and progression of brain disorders in recent research. As a result, a thorough knowledge of the interaction between exosomes and brain diseases may lead to the development of more effective therapeutic techniques that may be implemented in the clinic. The potential role of exosomes in brain diseases and the crosstalk between exosomes and other pathogenic processes were discussed in this paper. Simultaneously, we noted the delicate events in which exosomes as a media allow the brain to communicate with other tissues and organs in physiology and disease, and compiled a list of natural compounds that modulate exosomes, in order to further improve our understanding of exosomes and propose new ideas for treating brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Fang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Dishu Zhou
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xinyue Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong Province, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Disease, Guangdong Research Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510405, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yujie Ma
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Guangcheng Zhong
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shangwen Jing
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shuiqing Huang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Qi Wang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, Guangdong Province, China.
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Zhu L, Li Z, Sheng L, Zhang F, Ji W. Ginkgolide A attenuated apoptosis via inhibition of oxidative stress in mice with traumatic brain injury. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24759. [PMID: 38304806 PMCID: PMC10830544 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the main cause of death among young adults and the main cause of mortality and disability for all ages groups worldwide. Ginkgolides terpenoid compounds unique to Ginkgo biloba, which have protective effects on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The aim of this study is to investigate whether ginkgolide A (GA) can improve TBI in mice and whether it can alleviate cell apoptosis in the brain of TBI mice by reducing oxidative stress. Mice received TBI and GA administration for 7 days. Neurological deficits were monitored and brain tissues were examined for molecular pathological markers. TBI mice had more severer neurobehavioral deficits compared with sham group, which could be improved by administration of GA. GA administration improveed Modified Neurological Severity Scale (mNSS) scores, Grid-Walking test and Rotarod test of TBI mice. The apoptosis increased in TBI mice, and reduced after GA treatment. The biomarkers of oxidative stress 8-OHdG and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the brain of TBI mice increased, while SOD reduced. These changes were reversed after GA administration. These outcomes showed that GA could raise neurobehavioral deficiency of TBI mice. GA treatment could attenuate apoptosis in TBI mice by reducing oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhengwei Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Liping Sheng
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Fengfei Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wei Ji
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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He S, Wang Q, Chen L, He YJ, Wang X, Qu S. miR-100a-5p-enriched exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells enhance the anti-oxidant effect in a Parkinson's disease model via regulation of Nox4/ROS/Nrf2 signaling. J Transl Med 2023; 21:747. [PMID: 37875930 PMCID: PMC10594913 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04638-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD) has not been fully elucidated, and there are no effective disease-modifying drugs for the treatment of PD. Mesenchymal stem cells have been used to treat several diseases, but are not readily available. METHODS Here, we used phenotypically uniform trophoblast stage-derived mesenchymal stem cells (T-MSCs) from embryonic stem cells, which are capable of stable production, and their exosomes (T-MSCs-Exo) to explore the molecular mechanisms involved in dopaminergic (DA) neuron protection in PD models using experimental assays (e.g., western blotting, immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry staining). RESULTS We assessed the levels of DA neuron injury and oxidative stress in MPTP-induced PD mice and MPP+-induced MN9D cells after treating them with T-MSCs or T-MSCs-Exo. Furthermore, T-MSCs-Exo miRNA sequencing analysis revealed that miR-100-5p-enriched T-MSCs-Exo directly targeted the 3' UTR of NOX4, which could protect against the loss of DA neurons, maintain nigro-striatal system function, ameliorate motor deficits, and reduce oxidative stress via the Nox4-ROS-Nrf2 axis in PD models. CONCLUSIONS The study suggests that miR-100-5p-enriched T-MSCs-Exo may be a promising biological agent for the treatment of PD. Schematic summary of the mechanism underlying the neuroprotective actions of T-MSCs-Exo in PD. T-MSCs Exo may inhibit the expression level of the target gene NOX4 by delivering miR-100-5p, thereby reducing ROS production and alleviating oxidative stress via the Nox4-ROS-Nrf2 axis, thus improving DA neuron damage in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songzhe He
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiongqiong Wang
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Liankuai Chen
- ImStem Biotechnology, Inc., 400 Farmington Avenue R1808, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
- Zhuhai Hengqin ImStem Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Hengqin New District Huandao Donglu 1889 Building 3, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Yusheng Jason He
- ImStem Biotechnology, Inc., 400 Farmington Avenue R1808, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
- Zhuhai Hengqin ImStem Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Hengqin New District Huandao Donglu 1889 Building 3, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaofang Wang
- ImStem Biotechnology, Inc., 400 Farmington Avenue R1808, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
- Zhuhai Hengqin ImStem Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Hengqin New District Huandao Donglu 1889 Building 3, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Shaogang Qu
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
- Department of Neurology, Ganzhou Hospital-Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China.
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