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Saravanan V, Gopalakrishnan V, Mahendran MIMS, Vaithianathan R, Srinivasan S, Boopathy V, Krishnamurthy S. Biofilm mediated integrin activation and directing acceleration of colorectal cancer. APMIS 2024. [PMID: 39246244 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial biofilm plays a vital role in influencing several diseases, infections, metabolic pathways and communication channels. Biofilm influence over colorectal cancer (CRC) has been a booming area of research interest. The virulence factors of bacterial pathogen have a high tendency to induce metabolic pathway to accelerate CRC. The bacterial species biofilm may induce cancer through regulating the major signalling pathways responsible for cell proliferation, differentiation, survival and growth. Activation of cancer signals may get initiated from the chronic infections through bacterial biofilm species. Integrin mediates in the activation of major pathway promoting cancer. Integrin-mediated signals are expected to be greatly influenced by biofilm. Integrins are identified as an important dimer, whose dysfunction may alter the signalling cascade specially focusing on TGF-β, PI3K/Akt/mToR, MAPK and Wnt pathway. Along with biofilm shield, the tumour gains greater resistance from radiation, chemotherapy and also from other antibiotics. The biofilm barrier is known to cause challenges for CRC patients undergoing treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaijayanthi Saravanan
- MGM Advanced Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidhyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pondicherry, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vinoj Gopalakrishnan
- MGM Advanced Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidhyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pondicherry, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Rajan Vaithianathan
- Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidhyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pondicherry, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sowmya Srinivasan
- Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidhyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pondicherry, Tamil Nadu, India
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Rai S, Singh MP, Srivastava S. Integrated Analysis Identifies Novel Fusion Transcripts in Laterally Spreading Tumors Suggestive of Distinct Etiology Than Colorectal Cancers. J Gastrointest Cancer 2023; 54:913-926. [PMID: 36480069 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-022-00881-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laterally spreading tumors (LSTs) of the colon and rectum are a class of abnormality which spreads laterally and appears ulcerated. They are a subclass of colorectal cancer (CRCs) with higher invasive potential than CRCs. Moreover, the etiology of LST still remains obscure. METHODS This study aimed to identify unique fusion transcript(s) in LSTs and evaluate their role in LST development and progression. RNA-Seq data for LST samples from the EMBL-EBI database were used to identify fusion transcripts. An integrated approach using Gene Ontology, pathway analysis, hub gene, and co-expression network analysis functionally characterized fusion transcripts to shed light upon the etiology of LSTs. RESULT We identified 48 unique fusion genes in LSTs. GO terms were enriched in mRNA metabolic (p ≤ 2.06E-06), mRNA stabilization (p ≤ 1.60E-05), in cytosol (1.20E-05), RBP (p ≤ 2.30E-04), and RNA binding activity (p ≤ 3.51E-08) processes. Pathway analysis revealed an inflammatory phenotype of LSTs suggesting a distinct etiology than CRCs as pathways were enriched in salmonella infection (p ≤ 4.41 e-03), proteoglycans in cancer (p ≤ 1.18 e-02), and insulin signaling (p ≤ 2.13 e-02). Our exclusion and inclusion criteria and hub gene analysis finally identified 9 hub genes. Co-expression analysis of hub genes identified the most significant transcription factors (NELFE, MYC, TAF1, MAX) and kinases (MAPK14, CSNK2A1, CDK1, MAPK1) which were implicated in various cancer pathways. Furthermore, an overall survival analysis of hub genes was performed. Our predefined criterion resulted in the enrichment of NPM1-PTMA (NPM1: p ≤ 0.005) and HIST1H2BO-YBX1 (YBX1: p ≤ 0.02) fusion transcripts, significantly associated with the patient's overall survival. CONCLUSION Our systematic analysis resulted in novel fusion genes in LSTs suggesting a different etiology than CRCs. Fusion transcripts were observed more frequently in non-granular LSTs suggestive of genetically more unstable than granular LST. We hypothesize that NPM1-PTMA and HIST1H2BO-YBX1 could be implicated in LST development and progression and may also serve as a prognostic or diagnostic biomarker in future for better management of LSTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandhya Rai
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, 211004, Prayagraj, India
| | - Manish Pratap Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, 211004, Prayagraj, India
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, Lucknow, India
| | - Sameer Srivastava
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, 211004, Prayagraj, India.
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3
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Hou S, Wang J, Li W, Hao X, Hang Q. Roles of Integrins in Gastrointestinal Cancer Metastasis. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:708779. [PMID: 34869579 PMCID: PMC8634653 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.708779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrins are a large family of heterodimeric transmembrane receptors which mediate cell adhesion and transmit signals to the cell interior. The mechanistic roles of integrins have long been an enigma in cancer, given its complexity in regulating different cellular behaviors. Recently, however, increasing research is providing new insights into its function and the underlying mechanisms, which collectively include the influences of altered integrin expression on the aberrant signaling pathways and cancer progression. Many studies have also demonstrated the potentiality of integrins as therapeutic targets in cancer treatment. In this review, we have summarized these recent reports and put a particular emphasis on the dysregulated expression of integrins and how they regulate related signaling pathways to facilitate the metastatic progression of gastrointestinal cancer, including gastric cancer (GC) and colorectal cancer (CRC), which will address the crucial roles of integrins in gastrointestinal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sicong Hou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jiaxin Wang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Wenqian Li
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xin Hao
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Qinglei Hang
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
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Liu X, Su L, Li J, Ou G. Molecular Subclassification Based on Crosstalk Analysis Improves Prediction of Prognosis in Colorectal Cancer. Front Genet 2021; 12:689676. [PMID: 34804112 PMCID: PMC8600263 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.689676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The poor performance of single-gene lists for prognostic predictions in independent cohorts has limited their clinical use. Here, we employed a pathway-based approach using embedded biological features to identify reproducible prognostic markers as an alternative. We used pathway activity score, sure independence screening, and K-means clustering analyses to identify and cluster colorectal cancer patients into two distinct subgroups, G2 (aggressive) and G1 (moderate). The differences between these two groups with respect to survival, somatic mutation, pathway activity, and tumor-infiltration by immunocytes were compared. These comparisons revealed that the survival rates in the G2 subgroup were significantly reduced compared to that in the G1 subgroup; further, the mutational burden rates in several oncogenes, including KRAS, DCLK1, and EPHA5, were significantly higher in the G2 subgroup than in the G1 subgroup. The enhanced activity of the critical pathways such as MYC and epithelial-mesenchymal transition may also lead to the progression of colorectal cancer. Taken together, we established a novel prognostic classification system that offers meritorious insights into the hallmarks of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lili Su
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jingcong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guoping Ou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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Erfani S, Hua H, Pan Y, Zhou BP, Yang XH. The Context-Dependent Impact of Integrin-Associated CD151 and Other Tetraspanins on Cancer Development and Progression: A Class of Versatile Mediators of Cellular Function and Signaling, Tumorigenesis and Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13092005. [PMID: 33919420 PMCID: PMC8122392 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Tetraspanins are a family of molecules abundantly expressed on the surface of normal or tumor cells. They have been implicated in recruiting or sequestering key molecular regulators of malignancy of a variety of human cancers, including breast and lung cancers, glioblastoma and leukemia. Yet, how their actions take place remains mysterious due to a lack of traditional platform for molecular interactions. The current review digs into this mystery by examining findings from recent studies of multiple tetraspanins, particularly CD151. The molecular basis for differential impact of tetraspanins on tumor development, progression, and spreading to secondary sites is highlighted, and the complexity and plasticity of their control over tumor cell activities and interaction with their surroundings is discussed. Finally, an outlook is provided regarding tetraspanins as candidate biomarkers and targets for the diagnosis and treatment of human cancer. Abstract As a family of integral membrane proteins, tetraspanins have been functionally linked to a wide spectrum of human cancers, ranging from breast, colon, lung, ovarian, prostate, and skin carcinomas to glioblastoma. CD151 is one such prominent member of the tetraspanin family recently suggested to mediate tumor development, growth, and progression in oncogenic context- and cell lineage-dependent manners. In the current review, we summarize recent advances in mechanistic understanding of the function and signaling of integrin-associated CD151 and other tetraspanins in multiple cancer types. We also highlight emerging genetic and epigenetic evidence on the intrinsic links between tetraspanins, the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cancer stem cells (CSCs), and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, as well as the dynamics of exosome and cellular metabolism. Finally, we discuss the implications of the highly plastic nature and epigenetic susceptibility of CD151 expression, function, and signaling for clinical diagnosis and therapeutic intervention for human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Erfani
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA;
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Pharmacy Department, St. Elizabeth Healthcare, Edgewood, KY 41017, USA
| | - Hui Hua
- The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China; (H.H.); (Y.P.)
- Provincial Hospital, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China
| | - Yueyin Pan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China; (H.H.); (Y.P.)
- Provincial Hospital, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China
| | - Binhua P. Zhou
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA;
| | - Xiuwei H. Yang
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA;
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-859-323-1996
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Identification and Characterization of MAPK Signaling Pathway Genes and Associated lncRNAs in the Ileum of Piglets Infected by Clostridium perfringens Type C. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:8496872. [PMID: 32855971 PMCID: PMC7443001 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8496872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Clostridium perfringens type C (C. perfringens type C) is one of the main microbial pathogens responsible for piglet diarrhea worldwide, causing substantial economic losses for pig-rearing industries. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway is a key regulator of inflammatory bowel disease, especially necrotic enteritis. However, whether and how the MAPK signaling pathway is involved in regulating the process of piglet diarrhea when challenged by C. perfringens type C are still unknown. Here, we screened 38 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in piglets' ileum tissues experimentally infected with C. perfringens type C that were enriched in the Sus scrofa MAPK signaling pathway, based on our previous transcriptome data. Of these DEGs, 12 genes (TRAF2, MAPK8, and GADD45G, among others) were upregulated whereas 26 genes (MAPK1, TP53, and CHUK, among others) were downregulated in the infected group. Our results showed that MAPK1, TP53, MAPK8, MYC, and CHUK were in the core nodes of the PPI network. Additionally, we obtained 35 lncRNAs from the sequencing data, which could be trans-targeted to MAPK signaling pathway genes and were differentially expressed in the ileum tissues infected with C. perfringens. We used qRT-PCR to verify the expression levels of genes and lncRNAs related to the MAPK signaling pathway; their expression patterns were consistent with RNA sequencing data. Our results provide strong support for deeply exploring the role of the MAPK signaling pathway in diarrhea caused by C. perfringens type C.
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Cha BS, Park KS, Park JS. Signature mRNA markers in extracellular vesicles for the accurate diagnosis of colorectal cancer. J Biol Eng 2020; 14:4. [PMID: 32042310 PMCID: PMC7001337 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-020-0225-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the increasing incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC), its accurate diagnosis is critical and in high demand. However, conventional methods are not ideal due to invasiveness and low accuracy. Herein, we aimed to identify efficient CRC mRNA markers in a non-invasive manner using CRC-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs). The expression levels of EV mRNAs from cancer cell lines were compared with those of a normal cell line using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Eight markers were evaluated in plasma EVs from CRC patients and healthy controls. The diagnostic value of each marker, individually or in combination, was then determined using recessive operating characteristics analyses and the Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS Eight mRNA markers (MYC, VEGF, CDX2, CD133, CEA, CK19, EpCAM, and CD24) were found to be more abundant in EVs derived from cancer cell lines compared to control cell lines. A combination of VEGF and CD133 showed the highest sensitivity (100%), specificity (80%), and accuracy (93%) and an area under the curve of 0.96; hence, these markers were deemed to be the CRC signature. Moreover, this signature was found to be highly expressed in CRC-derived EVs compared to healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS VEGF and CD133 mRNAs comprise a unique CRC signature in EVs that has the potential to act as a novel, non-invasive, and accurate biomarker that would improve the current diagnostic platform for CRC, while also serving to strengthen the value of EV mRNA as diagnostic markers for myriad of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung Seok Cha
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Soo Park
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Seok Park
- School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Colorectal Cancer Center, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Beaulieu JF. Integrin α6β4 in Colorectal Cancer: Expression, Regulation, Functional Alterations and Use as a Biomarker. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 12:cancers12010041. [PMID: 31877793 PMCID: PMC7016599 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12010041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrin α6β4 is one of the main laminin receptors and is primarily expressed by epithelial cells as an active component of hemidesmosomes. In this article, after a brief summary about integrins in the gut epithelium in general, I review the knowledge and clinical potential of this receptor in human colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. Most CRC cells overexpress both α6 and β4 subunits, in situ in primary tumours as well as in established CRC cell lines. The mechanisms that lead to overexpression have not yet been elucidated but clearly involve specific transcription factors such as MYC. From a functional point of view, one key element affecting CRC cell behaviour is the relocalization of α6β4 to the actin cytoskeleton, favouring a more migratory and anoikis-resistant phenotype. Another major element is its expression under various molecular forms that have the distinct ability to interact with ligands (α6β4 ± ctd) or to promote pro- or anti-proliferative properties (α6Aβ4 vs. α6Bβ4). The integrin α6β4 is thus involved in most steps susceptible to participation with CRC progression. The potential clinical significance of this integrin has begun to be investigated and recent studies have shown that ITGA6 and ITGB4 can be useful biomarkers for CRC early detection in a non-invasive assay and as a prognostic factor, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-François Beaulieu
- Laboratory of Intestinal Physiopathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada; ; Tel.: +1-819-821-8000 (ext. 75269)
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
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Li H, Li J, Han R, Deng X, Shi J, Huang H, Hamad N, McCaughley A, Liu J, Wang C, Chen K, Wei D, Qiang J, Thatcher S, Wu Y, Liu C, Thibault O, Wei X, Chen S, Qian H, Zhou BP, Xu P, Yang XH. Deletion of tetraspanin CD151 alters the Wnt oncogene-induced mammary tumorigenesis: A cell type-linked function and signaling. Neoplasia 2019; 21:1151-1163. [PMID: 31783316 PMCID: PMC6888732 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2019.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tetraspanin CD151 is increasingly implicated as a multifaceted mediator of cancer development and progression. Here we investigated the role of CD151 in breast cancer in the context of the Wnt oncogenic activation. Our data showed that removal of one or both of CD151 alleles in the MMTV-Wnt1 model significantly decreased the tumor-free survival of mice from 34 weeks on average to 22 weeks and 18 weeks, respectively. This effect coincided with an accelerated tumor growth and an increased number of Ki-67+ proliferative cells. Mechanistically, the CD151-deficient tumors were largely ER+, and exhibited hyperactivation of the Wnt pathway as reflected by a marked upregulation in β-catenin and Cyclin D1, and their target genes. In addition, E-cadherin displayed a cytosolic distribution and transcription factor Snail was markedly upregulated. Collectively, this data implies that CD151 suppresses the Wnt1-driven tumorigenesis, at least in part, via counteracting the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-like program in luminal epithelial cells. Meanwhile, the proportion of tumor cells expressing CK5 or p63, the biomarkers of myoepithelial/basal cells, markedly decreased in the absence of CD151. This change was accompanied by a decreased invasiveness of tumors and their incompetence to form a long-term cell culture. Consistent with this basal cell-linked role, the CD151 downregulation impairs mammosphere formation in MCF-10A cells and the defect was rescued by re-expression of intact CD151 ORF, but not its integrin binding-defective mutant. Overall, our study suggests that CD151 is a key player in the Wnt oncogene-driven tumorigenesis and impacts breast cancer malignancy in a cell type-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Li
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture, and Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, PR China; Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Jieming Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY; Center of Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Rongbo Han
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY; Department of Oncology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Xinyu Deng
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Junfong Shi
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Huanhuan Huang
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Nevean Hamad
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Abigail McCaughley
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Jinpeng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Chi Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Kuey Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Dongping Wei
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Jun Qiang
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture, and Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Sean Thatcher
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Yadi Wu
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Chunming Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Olivier Thibault
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Xiaowei Wei
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Song Chen
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Jiangsu College of Nursing, Huaian, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
| | - Hai Qian
- Center of Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
| | - Binhua P Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY.
| | - Pao Xu
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture, and Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
| | - Xiuwei H Yang
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY.
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Voutsadakis IA. The pluripotency network in colorectal cancer pathogenesis and prognosis: an update. Biomark Med 2019; 12:653-665. [PMID: 29944017 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2017-0369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Stemness characteristics are defining properties of cancer initiating cells and are associated with the ability to metastasize and survive in hostile environments. Establishment of the stem cell network depends on the action of a set of core transcription factors that work in concert with other ancillary proteins that are also important during embryonic development. New data consolidate the role of core pluripotency transcription factors OCT4, SOX2 and NANOG as adverse prognostic factors in colorectal cancer. mRNA-binding proteins LIN28 and Musashi, that are associated with stemness, and epigenetic modifiers such as de-acetylase SIRT1 may also have prognostic value in colorectal cancer. This paper provides an update of the stem cell factors in the pathogenesis and prognosis of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis A Voutsadakis
- Algoma District Cancer Program, Sault Area Hospital, Sault Ste Marie, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Clinical Sciences, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
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11
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Martín MJ, Gigola G, Zwenger A, Carriquiriborde M, Gentil F, Gentili C. Potential therapeutic targets for growth arrest of colorectal cancer cells exposed to PTHrP. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 478:32-44. [PMID: 30009852 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2018.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Although PTHrP is implicated in several cancers, its role in chemoresistance is not fully elucidated. We found that in CRC cells, PTHrP exerts proliferative and protective effects and induces cell migration. The aim of this work was to further study the effects of PTHrP in CRC cells. Herein we evidenced, for the first time, that PTHrP induces resistance to CPT-11 in Caco-2 and HCT116 cells; although both cell lines responded to the drug through different molecular mechanisms, the chemoresistance by PTHrP in these models is mediated through ERK, which in turn is activated by PCK, Src and Akt. Moreover, continue administration of PTHrP in nude mice xenografts increased the protein levels of this MAPK and of other markers related to tumorigenic events. The understanding of the molecular mechanisms leading to ERK 1/2 activation and the study of ERK targets may facilitate the development of new therapeutic strategies for CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Julia Martín
- Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas y Biomédicas del Sur (INBIOSUR), Dept. Biología Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur-CONICET, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Graciela Gigola
- Dept. Biología Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Ariel Zwenger
- Dept. de Oncología, Hospital Provincial de Neuquén, Neuquén, Argentina
| | | | - Florencia Gentil
- Fac. de Cs. Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Claudia Gentili
- Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas y Biomédicas del Sur (INBIOSUR), Dept. Biología Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur-CONICET, Bahía Blanca, Argentina.
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12
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Palkina N, Komina A, Aksenenko M, Moshev A, Savchenko A, Ruksha T. miR-204-5p and miR-3065-5p exert antitumor effects on melanoma cells. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:8269-8280. [PMID: 29844810 PMCID: PMC5958817 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miR)-204-5p was previously identified to be downregulated in melanoma compared with melanocytic nevi. This observation prompted a functional study on miR-204-5p and the newly-identified miR-3065-5p, two miRNAs suggested to be tumor-suppressive oncomiRs. Application of miR-204-5p mimics or inhibitors resulted in a decrease or increase, respectively, in melanoma cell proliferation and colony formation. miR-204-5p mimics hindered invasion, whereas miR-204-5p inhibitors stimulated cancer cell migration. Modulation of miR-3065-5p led to a decrease in melanoma cell proliferation, altered cell cycle distribution and increased expression levels of its target genes HIPK1 and ITGA1, possibly due to functional modifications identified in these cells. miR-204-5p and miR-3065-5p demonstrated antitumor capacities that may need to be taken into account in the development of melanoma treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadezhda Palkina
- Department of Pathophysiology, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk 660022, Russia
| | - Anna Komina
- Department of Pathophysiology, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk 660022, Russia
| | - Maria Aksenenko
- Department of Pathophysiology, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk 660022, Russia
| | - Anton Moshev
- Laboratory of Cell Molecular Physiology and Pathology, Federal Research Center, Krasnoyarsk Science Center of The Siberian Branch of The Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk 660022, Russia
| | - Andrei Savchenko
- Laboratory of Cell Molecular Physiology and Pathology, Federal Research Center, Krasnoyarsk Science Center of The Siberian Branch of The Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk 660022, Russia
| | - Tatiana Ruksha
- Department of Pathophysiology, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk 660022, Russia
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Groulx JF, Boudjadi S, Beaulieu JF. MYC Regulates α6 Integrin Subunit Expression and Splicing Under Its Pro-Proliferative ITGA6A Form in Colorectal Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:42. [PMID: 29401653 PMCID: PMC5836074 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10020042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The α6 integrin subunit (ITGA6) pre-mRNA undergoes alternative splicing to form two splicing variants, named ITGA6A and ITGA6B. In primary human colorectal cancer cells, the levels of both ITGA6 and β4 integrin subunit (ITGB4) subunits of the α6β4 integrin are increased. We previously found that the upregulation of ITGA6 is a direct consequence of the increase of the pro-proliferative ITGA6A variant. However, the mechanisms that control ITGA6 expression and splicing into the ITGA6A variant over ITGA6B in colorectal cancer cells remain poorly understood. Here, we show that the promoter activity of the ITGA6 gene is regulated by MYC. Pharmacological inhibition of MYC activity with the MYC inhibitor (MYCi) 10058-F4 or knockdown of MYC expression by short hairpin RNA (shRNA) both lead to a decrease in ITGA6 and ITGA6A levels in colorectal cancer cells, while overexpression of MYC enhances ITGA6 promoter activity. We also found that MYC inhibition decreases the epithelial splicing regulatory protein 2 (ESRP2) splicing factor at both the mRNA and protein levels. Chromatin immunoprecipitation revealed that the proximal promoter sequences of ITGA6 and ESRP2 were occupied by MYC and actively transcribed in colorectal cancer cells. Furthermore, expression studies in primary colorectal tumors and corresponding resection margins confirmed that the up-regulation of the ITGA6A subunit can be correlated with the increase in MYC and ESRP2. Taken together, our results demonstrate that the proto-oncogene MYC can regulate the promoter activation and splicing of the ITGA6 integrin gene through ESRP2 to favor the production of the pro-proliferative ITGA6A variant in colorectal cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-François Groulx
- Laboratory of Intestinal Physiopathology, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada.
| | - Salah Boudjadi
- Laboratory of Intestinal Physiopathology, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada.
- Laboratory of Pathology, Cancer Molecular Pathology Section, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Jean-François Beaulieu
- Laboratory of Intestinal Physiopathology, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada.
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14
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Boudjadi S, Bernatchez G, Sénicourt B, Beauséjour M, Vachon PH, Carrier JC, Beaulieu JF. Involvement of the Integrin α1β1 in the Progression of Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2017; 9:cancers9080096. [PMID: 28933766 PMCID: PMC5575599 DOI: 10.3390/cancers9080096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrins are a family of heterodimeric glycoproteins involved in bidirectional cell signaling that participate in the regulation of cell shape, adhesion, migration, survival and proliferation. The integrin α1β1 is known to be involved in RAS/ERK proliferative pathway activation and plays an important role in fibroblast proliferation. In the small intestine, the integrin α1 subunit is present in the crypt proliferative compartment and absent in the villus. We have recently shown that the integrin α1 protein and transcript (ITGA1) are present in a large proportion of colorectal cancers (CRC) and that their expression is controlled by the MYC oncogenic factor. Considering that α1 subunit/ITGA1 expression is correlated with MYC in more than 70% of colon adenocarcinomas, we postulated that the integrin α1β1 has a pro-tumoral contribution to CRC. In HT29, T84 and SW480 CRC cells, α1 subunit/ITGA1 knockdown resulted in a reduction of cell proliferation associated with an impaired resistance to anoikis and an altered cell migration in HT29 and T84 cells. Moreover, tumor development in xenografts was reduced in HT29 and T84 sh-ITGA1 cells, associated with extensive necrosis, a low mitotic index and a reduced number of blood vessels. Our results show that α1β1 is involved in tumor cell proliferation, survival and migration. This finding suggests that α1β1 contributes to CRC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salah Boudjadi
- Laboratory of Intestinal Physiopathology, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada.
| | - Gérald Bernatchez
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1E 4K8, Canada.
| | - Blanche Sénicourt
- Laboratory of Intestinal Physiopathology, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada.
| | - Marco Beauséjour
- Laboratory of Intestinal Physiopathology, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada.
| | - Pierre H Vachon
- Laboratory of Intestinal Physiopathology, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada.
| | - Julie C Carrier
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1E 4K8, Canada.
| | - Jean-François Beaulieu
- Laboratory of Intestinal Physiopathology, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada.
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