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Wang P, Wang P, Luan H, Wu Y, Chen Y. Midazolam alleviates cellular senescence in SH-SY5Y neuronal cells in Alzheimer's disease. Brain Behav 2023; 13:e2822. [PMID: 36444490 PMCID: PMC9847614 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) impacts the daily life of aging people. Oligomerized amyloid β (Aβ)-associated neuronal senescence is involved in the pathological mechanism of AD. Blockage of neuronal senescence has been considered an important strategy for the treatment of AD. Midazolam is a hypnotic-sedative drug with pleiotropic properties. AIMS However, the effects of Midazolam in oligomerized Aβ1.42 -induced neurotoxicity have not been reported previously. Here, we investigate whether Midazolam possesses a beneficial effect against oligomerized Aβ1.42 in SH-SY5Y neuronal cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cellular senescence was assessed using senescence-associated β-galactosidase staining. Telomerase activity was measured using the TeloTAGGG Telomerase PCR ELISA. RESULTS First, the lactate dehydrogenase release assay demonstrates that 10 and 20 µM are the optimal concentrations of Midazolam used for cell cultures. Senescence-associated β-galactosidase staining results indicate that exposure to oligomerized Aβ1.42 significantly increased cellular senescence of SH-SY5Y cells, but it was significantly alleviated by Midazolam. Additionally, Midazolam restored the oligomerized Aβ1.42 -induced reduction of telomerase activity. Interestingly, we found that oligomerized Aβ1.42 remarkably reduced human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) gene expression but increased the telomeric repeat-binding factor 2 (TERF2) expression. However, treatment with Midazolam reversed the effects of oligomerized Aβ1.42 on the hTERT and TERF2 gene expressions. Importantly, the presence of Midazolam attenuated Aβ1.42 -induced p53 and p21 expressions. Mechanistically, Midazolam repressed the level of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and the release of prostaglandin E2. Importantly, overexpression of COX-2 abolished the impact of Midazolam against oligomerized Aβ1.42 in neuronal senescence. CONCLUSION We conclude that the usage of Midazolam is a potential treatment strategy for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peipei Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hengfei Luan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
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Wang Z, Wu X. Abnormal function of telomere protein TRF2 induces cell mutation and the effects of environmental tumor‑promoting factors (Review). Oncol Rep 2021; 46:184. [PMID: 34278498 PMCID: PMC8273685 DOI: 10.3892/or.2021.8135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have found that somatic gene mutations and environmental tumor-promoting factors are both indispensable for tumor formation. Telomeric repeat-binding factor (TRF)2 is the core component of the telomere shelterin complex, which plays an important role in chromosome stability and the maintenance of normal cell physiological states. In recent years, TRF2 and its role in tumor formation have gradually become a research hot topic, which has promoted in-depth discussions into tumorigenesis and treatment strategies, and has achieved promising results. Some cells bypass elimination, due to either aging, apoptosis via mutations or abnormal prolongation of the mitotic cycle, and enter the telomere crisis period, where large-scale DNA reorganization occurs repeatedly, which manifests as the precancerous cell cycle. Finally, at the end of the crisis cycle, the mutation activates either the expression level of telomerase or activates the alternative lengthening of telomere mechanism to extend the local telomeres. Under the protection of TRF2, chromosomes are gradually stabilized, immortal cells are formed and the stagewise mutation-driven transformation of normal cells to cancer cells is completed. In addition, TRF2 also shares the characteristics of environmental tumor-promoting factors. It acts on multiple signal transduction pathway-related proteins associated with cell proliferation, and affects peripheral angiogenesis, inhibits the immune recognition and killing ability of the microenvironment, and maintains the stemness characteristics of tumor cells. TRF2 levels are abnormally elevated by a variety of tumor control proteins, which are more conducive to the protection of telomeres and the survival of tumor cells. In brief, the various regulatory mechanisms which tumor cells rely on to survive are organically integrated around TRF2, forming a regulatory network, which is conducive to the optimization of the survival direction of heterogeneous tumor cells, and promotes their survival and adaptability. In terms of clinical application, TRF2 is expected to become a new type of cancer prognostic marker and a new tumor treatment target. Inhibition of TRF2 overexpression could effectively cut off the core network regulating tumor cell survival, reduce drug resistance, or bypass the mutation under the pressure of tumor treatment selection, which may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for the complete eradication of tumors in the clinical setting. Based on recent research, the aim of the present review was to systematically elaborate on the basic structure and functional characteristics of TRF2 and its role in tumor formation, and to analyze the findings indicating that TRF2 deficiency or overexpression could cause severe damage to telomere function and telomere shortening, and induce DNA damage response and chromosomal instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyi Wang
- Good Clinical Practice Center, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610071, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoying Wu
- Ministry of Education and Training, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, P.R. China
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A Novel Screen for Expression Regulators of the Telomeric Protein TRF2 Identified Small Molecules That Impair TRF2 Dependent Immunosuppression and Tumor Growth. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13122998. [PMID: 34203903 PMCID: PMC8232760 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13122998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The telomeric protein TRF2 (Telomeric repeat-binding factor 2) is upregulated in human cancers and associated with poor prognosis. TRF2 oncogenic properties rely on its intrinsic telomere protective role, but also on cell extrinsic effects through immunosuppressive and angiogenic activities. Therefore, targeting TRF2 appears as a promising therapeutic anti-cancer strategy. In this study, we developed a cell-based method to screen for TRF2 inhibitors allowing us to identify two compounds that blunt the TRF2 pro-oncogenic properties in vivo. Abstract Telomeric repeat-binding factor 2 (TRF2) is a subunit of the shelterin protein complex, which binds to and protects telomeres from unwanted DNA damage response (DDR) activation. TRF2 expression plays a pivotal role in aging and cancer, being downregulated during cellular senescence and overexpressed during oncogenesis. Cancers overexpressing TRF2 often exhibit a poor prognosis. In cancer cells, TRF2 plays multiple functions, including telomere protection and non-cell autonomous roles, promoting neo-angiogenesis and immunosuppression. We present here an original screening strategy, which enables identification of small molecules that decrease or increase TRF2 expression. By screening a small library of Food and Drug Agency (FDA)-approved drugs, we identified two molecules (AR-A014418 and alexidine·2HCl) that impaired tumor growth, neo-angiogenesis and immunosuppression by downregulating TRF2 expression in a mouse xenograft model. These results support the chemotherapeutic strategy of downregulating TRF2 expression to treat aggressive human tumors and validate this cell-based assay capable of screening for potential anti-cancer and anti-aging molecules by modulating TRF2 expression levels.
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Kar M, Sultania M, Roy S, Padhi S, Banerjee B. TRF2 Overexpression at the Surgical Resection Margin: A Potential Predictive Biomarker in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma for Recurrence. Indian J Surg Oncol 2021; 12:46-51. [PMID: 33994727 PMCID: PMC8119552 DOI: 10.1007/s13193-020-01042-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most prevalent cancers in India with high incidence rate in eastern region due to habits of tobacco, pan and gutkha chewing habits. In majority of OSCC, the cases were presented to clinicians at later stages of the disease which leads to increased mortality. In addition presence of minimal residual disease also significantly contributed towards disease progression. Therefore, identification of potential biomarker for prognostic stratification of patients with high risk of disease recurrence and appropriate management is utmost necessary. In this study, 80 OSCC patients were included and their tumour specimen along with cut margin (CM) was collected after surgical excision. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to check expression of TRF2 in tumour and CM of OSCC patients. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS based on clinical and pathological records. It was observed that 27 OSCC patients developed recurrence during the period of the study (2012-2016). It was observed that, in 34 cases (42.25%) TRF2 expression was positive in tumour, while in 46 cases (57.75%), it was negative, while it was just reverse at CM, respectively. The odds of recurrence among patients having high levels of TRF2 in CM were 2.6 times higher than the odds of recurrence among patients having lower levels of TRF2 in CM. In conclusion, this study showed that TRF2 at surgical cut margin has a prognostic significance and can be used as a molecular marker for predicting survival in OSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhabananda Kar
- Department of Surgical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751019 India
| | - Mahesh Sultania
- Department of Surgical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751019 India
| | - Souvick Roy
- Molecular Stress and Stem Cell Biology Group, School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024 India
| | - Swatishree Padhi
- Molecular Stress and Stem Cell Biology Group, School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024 India
| | - Birendranath Banerjee
- Molecular Stress and Stem Cell Biology Group, School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024 India
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Feng Z, Li K, Lou J, Ma M, Wu Y, Peng C. A Novel DNA Replication-Related Signature Predicting Recurrence After R0 Resection of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: Prognostic Value and Clinical Implications. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:619549. [PMID: 33748108 PMCID: PMC7969722 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.619549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of any surgical resection for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is to achieve tumor-free margins (R0). R0 margins give rise to better outcomes than do positive margins (R1). Nevertheless, postoperative morbidity after R0 resection remains high and prognostic gene signature predicting recurrence risk of patients in this subgroup is blank. Our study aimed to develop a DNA replication-related gene signature to stratify the R0-treated PDAC patients with various recurrence risks. We conducted Cox regression analysis and the LASSO algorithm on 273 DNA replication-related genes and eventually constructed a 7-gene signature. The predictive capability and clinical feasibility of this risk model were assessed in both training and external validation sets. Pathway enrichment analysis showed that the signature was closely related to cell cycle, DNA replication, and DNA repair. These findings may shed light on the identification of novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengyu Feng
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kexian Li
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianyao Lou
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mindi Ma
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yulian Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenghong Peng
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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6
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Wang L, Fossati P, Paganetti H, Ma L, Gillison M, Myers JN, Hug E, Frank SJ. The Biological Basis for Enhanced Effects of Proton Radiation Therapy Relative to Photon Radiation Therapy for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int J Part Ther 2021; 8:3-13. [PMID: 34285931 PMCID: PMC8270087 DOI: 10.14338/ijpt-20-00070.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) often present as local-regionally advanced disease at diagnosis, for which a current standard of care is x-ray-based radiation therapy, with or without chemotherapy. This approach provides effective local regional tumor control, but at the cost of acute and late toxicity that can worsen quality of life and contribute to mortality. For patients with human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in particular, for whom the prognosis is generally favorable, de-escalation of the radiation dose to surrounding normal tissues without diminishing the radiation dose to tumors is desired to mitigate radiation-related toxic effects. Proton radiation therapy (PRT) may be an excellent de-escalation strategy because of its physical properties (that eliminate unnecessary radiation to surrounding tissues) and because of its biological properties (including tumor-specific variations in relative biological effectiveness [RBE] and linear energy transfer [LET]), in combination with concurrent systemic therapy. Early clinical evidence has shown that compared with x-ray-based radiation therapy, PRT offers comparable disease control with fewer and less severe treatment-related toxicities that can worsen the quality of life for patients with HNSCC. Herein, we review aspects of the biological basis of enhanced HNSCC cell response to proton versus x-ray irradiation in terms of radiation-induced gene and protein expression, DNA damage and repair, cell death, tumor immune responses, and radiosensitization of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Piero Fossati
- Department of Radiation Oncology, MedAustron Ion Therapy Center, Wiener Neustadt, Austria
| | - Harald Paganetti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Li Ma
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Maura Gillison
- Department of Thoracic-Head & Neck Med Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jeffrey N. Myers
- Department of Head & Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Eugen Hug
- Department of Radiation Oncology, MedAustron Ion Therapy Center, Wiener Neustadt, Austria
| | - Steven J. Frank
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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7
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Yuan X, Dai M, Xu D. Telomere-related Markers for Cancer. Curr Top Med Chem 2020; 20:410-432. [PMID: 31903880 PMCID: PMC7475940 DOI: 10.2174/1568026620666200106145340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Telomeres are structurally nucleoprotein complexes at termini of linear chromosomes and essential to chromosome stability/integrity. In normal human cells, telomere length erodes progressively with each round of cell divisions, which serves as an important barrier to uncontrolled proliferation and malignant transformation. In sharp contrast, telomere maintenance is a key feature of human malignant cells and required for their infinite proliferation and maintenance of other cancer hallmarks as well. Thus, a telomere-based anti-cancer strategy has long been suggested. However, clinically efficient and specific drugs targeting cancer telomere-maintenance have still been in their infancy thus far. To achieve this goal, it is highly necessary to elucidate how exactly cancer cells maintain functional telomeres. In the last two decades, numerous studies have provided profound mechanistic insights, and the identified mechanisms include the aberrant activation of telomerase or the alternative lengthening of telomere pathway responsible for telomere elongation, dysregulation and mutation of telomere-associated factors, and other telomere homeostasis-related signaling nodes. In the present review, these various strategies employed by malignant cells to regulate their telomere length, structure and function have been summarized, and potential implications of these findings in the rational development of telomere-based cancer therapy and other clinical applications for precision oncology have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotian Yuan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Mingkai Dai
- Central Research Laboratory, Shandong University Second Hospital, Jinan, 250033, China.,Karolinska Institute Collaborative Laboratory for Cancer and Stem Cell Research, Shandong University Second Hospital, Jinan, 250033, China
| | - Dawei Xu
- Karolinska Institute Collaborative Laboratory for Cancer and Stem Cell Research, Shandong University Second Hospital, Jinan, 250033, China.,Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Center for Molecular Medicine (CMM) and Bioclinicum, Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Solna 171 64, Sweden
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Dinami R, Porru M, Amoreo CA, Sperduti I, Mottolese M, Buglioni S, Marinelli D, Maugeri-Saccà M, Sacconi A, Blandino G, Leonetti C, Di Rocco G, Verdina A, Spinella F, Fiorentino F, Ciliberto G, Biroccio A, Zizza P. TRF2 and VEGF-A: an unknown relationship with prognostic impact on survival of colorectal cancer patients. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2020; 39:111. [PMID: 32539869 PMCID: PMC7294609 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01612-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is one of most common tumors in developed countries and, despite improvements in treatment and diagnosis, mortality rate of patients remains high, evidencing the urgent need of novel biomarkers to properly identify colorectal cancer high-risk patients that would benefit of specific treatments. Recent works have demonstrated that the telomeric protein TRF2 is over-expressed in colorectal cancer and it promotes tumor formation and progression through extra-telomeric functions. Moreover, we and other groups evidenced, both in vitro on established cell lines and in vivo on tumor bearing mice, that TRF2 regulates the vascularization mediated by VEGF-A. In the present paper, our data evidence a tight correlation between TRF2 and VEGF-A with prognostic relevance in colorectal cancer patients. METHODS For this study we sampled 185 colorectal cancer patients surgically treated and diagnosed at the Regina Elena National Cancer Institute of Rome and investigated the association between the survival outcome and the levels of VEGF-A and TRF2. RESULTS Tissue microarray immunohistochemical analyses revealed that TRF2 positively correlates with VEGF-A expression in our cohort of patients. Moreover, analysis of patients' survival, confirmed in a larger dataset of patients from TCGA, demonstrated that co-expression of TRF2 and VEGF-A correlate with a poor clinical outcome in stage I-III colorectal cancer patients, regardless the mutational state of driver oncogenes. CONCLUSIONS Our results permitted to identify the positive correlation between high levels of TRF2 and VEGF-A as a novel prognostic biomarker for identifying the subset of high-risk colorectal cancer patients that could benefit of specific therapeutic regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Dinami
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Manuela Porru
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Isabella Sperduti
- Department of Biostatistics, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Marcella Mottolese
- Pathology Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Simonetta Buglioni
- Pathology Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Marinelli
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
- Division of Medical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza - Università di Roma, Azienda Ospedaliera Sant'Andrea, Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Maugeri-Saccà
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Sacconi
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Leonetti
- SAFU, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuliana Di Rocco
- Unit of Cellular Networks and Molecular Therapeutic Targets, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Verdina
- Unit of Cellular Networks and Molecular Therapeutic Targets, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Gennaro Ciliberto
- Scientific Direction, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Annamaria Biroccio
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
| | - Pasquale Zizza
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
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Li J, Xing J, Lu F, Chang W, Liang N, Li J, Wang Y, Li X, Zhao X, Hou R, Man M, Yin G, Li X, Zhang K. Psoriatic Dermal-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Reduce Keratinocyte Junctions, and Increase Glycolysis. Acta Derm Venereol 2020; 100:adv00122. [PMID: 32266413 PMCID: PMC9129003 DOI: 10.2340/00015555-3480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Although it is known that psoriatic dermal-derived mesenchymal stem cells (DMSCs) dysregulate keratinocyte proliferation, the biological activity profile of keratinocytes influenced by psoriatic DMSCs remain unknown. In the present study, we assessed the impact of psoriatic DMSCs on keratinocyte proliferation, differentiation, and glucose metabolism in normal human epidermal keratinocytes co-cultured with or without psoriatic DMSCs. Co-culture of normal human epidermal keratinocytes with psoriatic DMSCs downregulated expression levels of proteins associated with cell junction assembly (alpha-actinin-1, catenin beta-1, poliovirus receptor-related protein 4 and procollagen-lysine, 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 2), while upregulating proteins associated with keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation (involucrin, isoform 2 of Histone-binding protein, isoform 3 of Telomeric repeat-binding factor 2 and keratin 13). Moreover, co-culture of normal human epidermal keratinocytes with psoriatic DMSCs stimulated keratinocyte proliferation and glycolysis, but reduced keratinocyte junctions. Taken together, these results demonstrate that psoriatic DMSCs increase keratinocyte proliferation and glycolysis, and reduce cell junctions, suggesting a pathogenic role of psoriatic DMSCs in epidermal hyperplasia, aberrant differentiation, and reduction in turnover time of keratinocytes in psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqin Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cells for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan Central Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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Schwab N, Grenier K, Hazrati LN. DNA repair deficiency and senescence in concussed professional athletes involved in contact sports. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2019; 7:182. [PMID: 31727161 PMCID: PMC6857343 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-019-0822-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) leads to diverse symptoms including mood disorders, cognitive decline, and behavioral changes. In some individuals, these symptoms become chronic and persist in the long-term and can confer an increased risk of neurodegenerative disease and dementia diagnosis later in life. Despite the severity of its consequences, the pathophysiological mechanism of mTBI remains unknown. In this post-mortem case series, we assessed DNA damage-induced cellular senescence pathways in 38 professional athletes with a history of repeated mTBI and ten controls with no mTBI history. We assessed clinical presentation, neuropathological changes, load of DNA damage, morphological markers of cellular senescence, and expression of genes involved in DNA damage signaling, DNA repair, and cellular senescence including the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Twenty-eight brains with past history of repeated mTBI history had DNA damage within ependymal cells, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. DNA damage burden was increased in brains with proteinopathy compared to those without. Cases also showed hallmark features of cellular senescence in glial cells including astrocytic swelling, beading of glial cell processes, loss of H3K27Me3 (trimethylation at lysine 27 of histone H3) and lamin B1 expression, and increased expression of cellular senescence and SASP pathways. Neurons showed a spectrum of changes including loss of emerin nuclear membrane expression, loss of Brahma-related gene-1 (BRG1 or SMARCA4) expression, loss of myelin basic protein (MBP) axonal expression, and translocation of intranuclear tau to the cytoplasm. Expression of DNA repair proteins was decreased in mTBI brains. mTBI brains showed substantial evidence of DNA damage and cellular senescence. Decreased expression of DNA repair genes suggests inefficient DNA repair pathways in this cohort, conferring susceptibly to cellular senescence and subsequent brain dysfunction after mTBI. We therefore suggest that brains of contact-sports athletes are characterized by deficient DNA repair and DNA damage-induced cellular senescence and propose that this may affect neurons and be the driver of brain dysfunction in mTBI, predisposing the progression to neurodegenerative diseases. This study provides novel targets for diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, and represents viable targets for future treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Schwab
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Cir, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada
- Canadian Concussion Centre, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Karl Grenier
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Cir, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Lili-Naz Hazrati
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Cir, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
- The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada.
- Canadian Concussion Centre, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Zizza P, Dinami R, Porru M, Cingolani C, Salvati E, Rizzo A, D'Angelo C, Petti E, Amoreo CA, Mottolese M, Sperduti I, Chambery A, Russo R, Ostano P, Chiorino G, Blandino G, Sacconi A, Cherfils-Vicini J, Leonetti C, Gilson E, Biroccio A. TRF2 positively regulates SULF2 expression increasing VEGF-A release and activity in tumor microenvironment. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 47:3365-3382. [PMID: 30698737 PMCID: PMC6468246 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkz041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The telomeric protein TRF2 is overexpressed in several human malignancies and contributes to tumorigenesis even though the molecular mechanism is not completely understood. By using a high-throughput approach based on the multiplexed Luminex X-MAP technology, we demonstrated that TRF2 dramatically affects VEGF-A level in the secretome of cancer cells, promoting endothelial cell-differentiation and angiogenesis. The pro-angiogenic effect of TRF2 is independent from its role in telomere capping. Instead, TRF2 binding to a distal regulatory element promotes the expression of SULF2, an endoglucosamine-6-sulfatase that impairs the VEGF-A association to the plasma membrane by inducing post-synthetic modification of heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs). Finally, we addressed the clinical relevance of our findings showing that TRF2/SULF2 expression is a worse prognostic biomarker in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Zizza
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, Rome 00144, Italy
| | - Roberto Dinami
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, Rome 00144, Italy
| | - Manuela Porru
- SAFU, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, Rome 00144, Italy
| | - Chiara Cingolani
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, Rome 00144, Italy
| | - Erica Salvati
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, Rome 00144, Italy
| | - Angela Rizzo
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, Rome 00144, Italy
| | - Carmen D'Angelo
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, Rome 00144, Italy
| | - Eleonora Petti
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, Rome 00144, Italy
| | - Carla Azzurra Amoreo
- Pathology, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, Rome 00144, Italy
| | - Marcella Mottolese
- Pathology, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, Rome 00144, Italy
| | - Isabella Sperduti
- Department of Biostatistics Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, Rome 00144, Italy
| | - Angela Chambery
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Università della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, via Vivaldi 43, 80100 Caserta
| | - Rosita Russo
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Università della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, via Vivaldi 43, 80100 Caserta
| | - Paola Ostano
- Cancer Genomics Lab, Fondazione Edo ed Elvo Tempia, via Malta 3, 13900 Biella
| | - Giovanna Chiorino
- Cancer Genomics Lab, Fondazione Edo ed Elvo Tempia, via Malta 3, 13900 Biella
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, Rome 00144, Italy
| | - Andrea Sacconi
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, Rome 00144, Italy
| | - Julien Cherfils-Vicini
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS UMR 7284/INSERM U108, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging, Nice (IRCAN), Medical School, Nice, France
| | - Carlo Leonetti
- SAFU, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, Rome 00144, Italy
| | - Eric Gilson
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS UMR 7284/INSERM U108, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging, Nice (IRCAN), Medical School, Nice, France.,Department of Medical Genetics, Archet 2 Hospital, CHU of Nice, France
| | - Annamaria Biroccio
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, Rome 00144, Italy
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12
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Cherfils-Vicini J, Iltis C, Cervera L, Pisano S, Croce O, Sadouni N, Győrffy B, Collet R, Renault VM, Rey-Millet M, Leonetti C, Zizza P, Allain F, Ghiringhelli F, Soubeiran N, Shkreli M, Vivier E, Biroccio A, Gilson E. Cancer cells induce immune escape via glycocalyx changes controlled by the telomeric protein TRF2. EMBO J 2019; 38:embj.2018100012. [PMID: 31000523 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2018100012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are immature myeloid cells with strong immunosuppressive activity that promote tumor growth. In this study, we describe a mechanism by which cancer cells control MDSCs in human cancers by upregulating TRF2, a protein required for telomere stability. Specifically, we showed that the TRF2 upregulation in cancer cells has extratelomeric roles in activating the expression of a network of genes involved in the biosynthesis of heparan sulfate proteoglycan, leading to profound changes in glycocalyx length and stiffness, as revealed by atomic force microscopy. This TRF2-dependent regulation facilitated the recruitment of MDSCs, their activation via the TLR2/MyD88/IL-6/STAT3 pathway leading to the inhibition of natural killer recruitment and cytotoxicity, and ultimately tumor progression and metastasis. The clinical relevance of these findings is supported by our analysis of cancer cohorts, which showed a correlation between high TRF2 expression and MDSC infiltration, which was inversely correlated with overall patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Cherfils-Vicini
- Université Côte d'Azur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR7284, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1081, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging, Nice (IRCAN), Nice, France
| | - Charlene Iltis
- Université Côte d'Azur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR7284, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1081, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging, Nice (IRCAN), Nice, France
| | - Ludovic Cervera
- Université Côte d'Azur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR7284, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1081, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging, Nice (IRCAN), Nice, France
| | - Sabrina Pisano
- Université Côte d'Azur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR7284, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1081, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging, Nice (IRCAN), Nice, France
| | - Olivier Croce
- Université Côte d'Azur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR7284, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1081, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging, Nice (IRCAN), Nice, France
| | - Nori Sadouni
- Université Côte d'Azur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR7284, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1081, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging, Nice (IRCAN), Nice, France
| | - Balázs Győrffy
- MTA TTK Lendület Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.,2nd Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Romy Collet
- Université Côte d'Azur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR7284, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1081, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging, Nice (IRCAN), Nice, France
| | - Valérie M Renault
- Université Côte d'Azur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR7284, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1081, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging, Nice (IRCAN), Nice, France
| | - Martin Rey-Millet
- Université Côte d'Azur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR7284, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1081, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging, Nice (IRCAN), Nice, France
| | - Carlo Leonetti
- IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Pasquale Zizza
- IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrice Allain
- CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, University of Lille, Villeneuve d'Ascq, Lille, France
| | - Francois Ghiringhelli
- INSERM, U866, UFR des Sciences de Sante, Universite de Bourgogne-Franche Comte, Dijon, France.,Centre Georges François Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | - Nicolas Soubeiran
- Université Côte d'Azur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR7284, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1081, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging, Nice (IRCAN), Nice, France
| | - Marina Shkreli
- Université Côte d'Azur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR7284, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1081, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging, Nice (IRCAN), Nice, France
| | - Eric Vivier
- Aix Marseille Univ, APHM, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Hôpital de la Timone, Marseille-Immunopole, Marseille, France.,Innate Pharma Research Laboratories, Innate Pharma, Marseille, France
| | | | - Eric Gilson
- Université Côte d'Azur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR7284, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1081, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging, Nice (IRCAN), Nice, France .,Department of Medical Genetics, Archet 2 Hospital, CHU of Nice, FHU Oncoage, Nice, France
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13
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Hallmarks of Cancer-Related Newly Prognostic Factors of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082413. [PMID: 30115834 PMCID: PMC6121568 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancer, including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), is the sixth leading malignancy worldwide. OSCC is an aggressive tumor and its prognosis has exhibited little improvement in the last three decades. Comprehensive elucidation of OSCC's molecular mechanism is imperative for early detection and treatment, improving patient survival. Based on broadly accepted notions, OSCC arises from multiple genetic alterations caused by chronic exposure to carcinogens. In 2011, research revealed 10 key alterations fundamental to cancer cell development: sustaining proliferative signaling, evading growth suppressors, avoiding immune destruction, activating invasion and metastasis, tumor-promoting inflammation, enabling replicative immortality, inducing angiogenesis, genome instability and mutation, resisting cell death, and deregulating energetics. This review describes molecular pathological findings on conventional and novel hallmarks of OSCC prognostic factors. In addition, the review summarizes the functions and roles of several molecules as novel OSCC prognosticators.
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14
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Brolih S, Parks SK, Vial V, Durivault J, Mostosi L, Pouysségur J, Pagès G, Picco V. AKT1 restricts the invasive capacity of head and neck carcinoma cells harboring a constitutively active PI3 kinase activity. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:249. [PMID: 29506489 PMCID: PMC5836445 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4169-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In mammals, the AKT/PKB protein kinase family comprises three members (AKT1–3). PI3-Kinase (PI3K), a key oncogene involved in a wide variety of cancers, drives AKT activity. Constitutive activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway has been associated with tumorigenic properties including uncontrolled cell proliferation and survival, angiogenesis, promotion of cellular motility, invasiveness and metastasis. However, AKT1 activity has also been recently shown to repress the invasive properties of breast cancer cells in specific contexts. Methods This study used both pharmacological and shRNA approaches to inhibit AKT function, microscopy to characterize the cellular morphology, 3D spheroid models to assess migratory and invasive cellular capacities and a phenotypic screening approach based on electrical properties of the cells. Results Here we demonstrate that the alternative action of AKT1 on invasive properties of breast cancers can be extended to head and neck carcinomas, which exhibit constitutive activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway. Indeed, inhibition of AKT1 function by shRNA or a specific pharmacological inhibitor resulted in cellular spreading and an invasive phenotype. A phenotypic screening approach based on cellular electrical properties corroborated microscopic observations and provides a foundation for future high-throughput screening studies. This technique further showed that the inhibition of AKT1 signaling is phenocopied by blocking the mTORC1 pathway with rapamycin. Conclusion Our study suggests that the repressive action of PI3K/AKT1 on cellular invasive properties may be a mechanism common to several cancers. Current and future studies involving AKT inhibitors must therefore consider this property to prevent metastases and consequently to improve survival. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-018-4169-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanja Brolih
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Department of Medical Biology, 8 Quai Antoine Ier, Monaco, Principality of Monaco
| | - Scott K Parks
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Department of Medical Biology, 8 Quai Antoine Ier, Monaco, Principality of Monaco
| | - Valérie Vial
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Department of Medical Biology, 8 Quai Antoine Ier, Monaco, Principality of Monaco
| | - Jérôme Durivault
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Department of Medical Biology, 8 Quai Antoine Ier, Monaco, Principality of Monaco
| | - Livio Mostosi
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Department of Medical Biology, 8 Quai Antoine Ier, Monaco, Principality of Monaco
| | - Jacques Pouysségur
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Department of Medical Biology, 8 Quai Antoine Ier, Monaco, Principality of Monaco
| | - Gilles Pagès
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Department of Medical Biology, 8 Quai Antoine Ier, Monaco, Principality of Monaco.,UCA, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice-Sophia-Antipolis, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice, CNRS-UMR 7284-Inserm U1081, Nice, France
| | - Vincent Picco
- Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Department of Medical Biology, 8 Quai Antoine Ier, Monaco, Principality of Monaco.
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15
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Li YS, Qin XJ, Dai W. Fisetin suppresses malignant proliferation in human oral squamous cell carcinoma through inhibition of Met/Src signaling pathways. Am J Transl Res 2017; 9:5678-5683. [PMID: 29312520 PMCID: PMC5752918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Fisetin (3,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavone) is a dietary flavonoid and has been indicated as a novel anti-cancer agent in several types of cancer cells. However, the mechanisms underlying the effect of fisetin in human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remain unclear. Here, we report that fisetin significantly inhibits tumor cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in OSCC (UM-SCC-23 and Tca-8113) cancer cell lines. Further analysis demonstrates that fisetin also inhibits Met/Src signaling pathways using the PathScan® receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) Signaling Antibody Array Kit. Fisetin resulted in decreased basal expression of Met and Src protein in UM-SCC-23 cancer cell lines, which validated by western blot. A student's t-test (two-tailed) was used to compare differences between groups. Furthermore, fisetin significantly inhibited the expression of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 9 (ADAM9) protein in OSCC cells. Taken together, these results provide novel insights into the mechanism of fisetin and suggest potential therapeutic strategies for human OSCC by blocking the Met/Src signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Shu Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Health and Family Planning Commission of The PRC, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of The PRC, China Medical UniversityNo. 77, Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Xing-Jun Qin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Ninth People’s Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai, China
| | - Wei Dai
- Department of Oromaxillofacial-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Stomatology, China Medical UniversityShenyang, Liaoning 110002, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, China Medical UniversityShenyang, Liaoning 110002, China
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16
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Effects of proton versus photon irradiation on (lymph)angiogenic, inflammatory, proliferative and anti-tumor immune responses in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oncogenesis 2017; 6:e354. [PMID: 28671677 PMCID: PMC5541708 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2017.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 05/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The proximity of organs at risk makes the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) challenging by standard radiotherapy. The higher precision in tumor targeting of proton (P) therapy could promote it as the treatment of choice for HNSCC. Besides the physical advantage in dose deposition, few is known about the biological impact of P versus photons (X) in this setting. To investigate the comparative biological effects of P versus X radiation in HNSCC cells, we assessed the relative biological effectiveness (RBE), viability, proliferation and mRNA levels for genes involved in (lymph)angiogenesis, inflammation, proliferation and anti-tumor immunity. These parameters, particularly VEGF-C protein levels and regulations, were documented in freshly irradiated and/or long-term surviving cells receiving low/high-dose, single (SI)/multiple (MI) irradiations with P/X. The RBE was found to be 1.1 Key (lymph)angiogenesis and inflammation genes were downregulated (except for vegf-c) after P and upregulated after X irradiation in MI surviving cells, demonstrating a more favorable profile after P irradiation. Both irradiation types stimulated vegf-c promoter activity in a NF-κB-dependent transcriptional regulation manner, but at a lesser extent after P, as compared to X irradiation, which correlated with mRNA and protein levels. The cells surviving to MI by P or X generated tumors with higher volume, anarchic architecture and increased density of blood vessels. Increased lymphangiogenesis and a transcriptomic analysis in favor of a more aggressive phenotype were observed in tumors generated with X-irradiated cells. Increased detection of lymphatic vessels in relapsed tumors from patients receiving X radiotherapy was consistent with these findings. This study provides new data about the biological advantage of P, as compared to X irradiation. In addition to its physical advantage in dose deposition, P irradiation may help to improve treatment approaches for HNSCC.
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