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Damodharan S, Lara-Velazquez M, Williamsen BC, Helgager J, Dey M. Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma: Molecular Landscape, Evolving Treatment Strategies and Emerging Clinical Trials. J Pers Med 2022; 12:840. [PMID: 35629262 PMCID: PMC9144327 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12050840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is a type of intrinsic brainstem glial tumor that occurs primarily in the pediatric population. DIPG is initially diagnosed based on clinical symptoms and the characteristic location on imaging. Histologically, these tumors are characterized by a heterogenous population of cells with multiple genetic mutations and high infiltrative capacity. The most common mutation seen in this group is a lysine to methionine point mutation seen at position 27 (K27M) within histone 3 (H3). Tumors with the H3 K27M mutation, are considered grade 4 and are now categorized within the H3 K27-altered diffuse midline glioma category by World Health Organization classification. Due to its critical location and aggressive nature, DIPG is resistant to the most eradicative treatment and is universally fatal; however, modern advances in the surgical techniques resulting in safe biopsy of the lesion have significantly improved our understanding of this disease at the molecular level. Genomic analysis has shown several mutations that play a role in the pathophysiology of the disease and can be targeted therapeutically. In this review, we will elaborate on DIPG from general aspects and the evolving molecular landscape. We will also review innovative therapeutic options that have been trialed along with new promising treatments on the horizon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudarshawn Damodharan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplant, School of Medicine & Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53792, USA;
| | - Montserrat Lara-Velazquez
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine & Public Health, University of Wisconsin, UW Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI 53792, USA; (M.L.-V.); (B.C.W.)
| | - Brooke Carmen Williamsen
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine & Public Health, University of Wisconsin, UW Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI 53792, USA; (M.L.-V.); (B.C.W.)
| | - Jeffrey Helgager
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine & Public Health, University of Wisconsin, UW Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI 53792, USA;
| | - Mahua Dey
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine & Public Health, University of Wisconsin, UW Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI 53792, USA; (M.L.-V.); (B.C.W.)
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Cooney TM, Cohen KJ, Guimaraes CV, Dhall G, Leach J, Massimino M, Erbetta A, Chiapparini L, Malbari F, Kramer K, Pollack IF, Baxter P, Laughlin S, Patay Z, Young Poussaint T, Warren KE. Response assessment in diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma: recommendations from the Response Assessment in Pediatric Neuro-Oncology (RAPNO) working group. Lancet Oncol 2020; 21:e330-e336. [PMID: 32502459 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(20)30166-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Optimising the conduct of clinical trials for diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma involves use of consistent, objective disease assessments and standardised response criteria. The Response Assessment in Pediatric Neuro-Oncology working group, consisting of an international panel of paediatric and adult neuro-oncologists, clinicians, radiologists, radiation oncologists, and neurosurgeons, was established to address issues and unique challenges in assessing response in children with CNS tumours. A working group was formed specifically to address response assessment in children and young adults with diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma and to develop a consensus on recommendations for response assessment. Response should be assessed using MRI of brain and spine, neurological examination, and anti-inflammatory or antiangiogenic drugs. Clinical imaging standards are defined. As with previous consensus recommendations, these recommendations will need to be validated in prospective clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tabitha M Cooney
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kenneth J Cohen
- Departments of Pediatrics and Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Girish Dhall
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - James Leach
- Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Maura Massimino
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Erbetta
- Department of Neuroradiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Luisa Chiapparini
- Department of Neuroradiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Fatema Malbari
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neurology and Developmental Neurosciences, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kim Kramer
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ian F Pollack
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Patricia Baxter
- Section of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Suzanne Laughlin
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Zoltán Patay
- Department of Radiology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | | | - Katherine E Warren
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
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Grill J, Debily MA, Varlet P, Plessier A, Le Dret L, Beccaria K, Puget S, Castel D. The dark matter of diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas: an update. Expert Opin Orphan Drugs 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/21678707.2019.1560262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacques Grill
- Equipe Nouvelles Thérapeutiques Anticancéreuses, Unite Mixte de Recherche 8203 du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif cedex, France
- Departement de Cancerologie de l’Enfant et de l’Adolescent, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif cedex, France
| | - Marie-Anne Debily
- Equipe Nouvelles Thérapeutiques Anticancéreuses, Unite Mixte de Recherche 8203 du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif cedex, France
- Department Master Biologie et Sante, Universite Evry Val d'Essonne, Evry cedex, France
| | - Pascale Varlet
- Service de Neuropathologie, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris cedex, France
| | - Alexandre Plessier
- Equipe Nouvelles Thérapeutiques Anticancéreuses, Unite Mixte de Recherche 8203 du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif cedex, France
| | - Ludivine Le Dret
- Equipe Nouvelles Thérapeutiques Anticancéreuses, Unite Mixte de Recherche 8203 du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif cedex, France
| | - Kevin Beccaria
- Departement de Cancerologie de l’Enfant et de l’Adolescent, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif cedex, France
- Service de Neurochirurgie Pédiatrique, Hôpital Necker - Enfants Malades, Paris cedex, France
| | - Stéphanie Puget
- Service de Neurochirurgie Pédiatrique, Hôpital Necker - Enfants Malades, Paris cedex, France
| | - David Castel
- Equipe Nouvelles Thérapeutiques Anticancéreuses, Unite Mixte de Recherche 8203 du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif cedex, France
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Kline C, Liu SJ, Duriseti S, Banerjee A, Nicolaides T, Raber S, Gupta N, Haas-Kogan D, Braunstein S, Mueller S. Reirradiation and PD-1 inhibition with nivolumab for the treatment of recurrent diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma: a single-institution experience. J Neurooncol 2018; 140:629-638. [DOI: 10.1007/s11060-018-2991-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Han HJ, Jain P, Resnick AC. Shared ACVR1 mutations in FOP and DIPG: Opportunities and challenges in extending biological and clinical implications across rare diseases. Bone 2018; 109:91-100. [PMID: 28780023 PMCID: PMC7888549 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Gain-of-function mutations in the Type I Bone Morphogenic Protein (BMP) receptor ACVR1 have been identified in two diseases: Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva (FOP), a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by genetically driven heterotopic ossification, and in 20-25% of Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Gliomas (DIPGs), a pediatric brain tumor with no effective therapies and dismal median survival. While the ACVR1 mutation is causal for FOP, its role in DIPG tumor biology remains under active investigation. Here, we discuss cross-fertilization between the FOP and DIPG fields, focusing on the biological mechanisms and principles gleaned from FOP that can be applied to DIPG biology. We highlight our current knowledge of ACVR1 in both diseases, and then describe the growing opportunities and barriers to effectively investigate ACVR1 in DIPG. Importantly, learning from other seemingly unrelated diseases harboring similar mutations may uncover novel mechanisms or processes for future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry J Han
- Division of Neurosurgery, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Colket Translational Research Building Room 4052, 3501 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia 19104, PA, United States; Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3501 Civic Center Blvd, Room 4052, Philadelphia 19104, PA, United States
| | - Payal Jain
- Division of Neurosurgery, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Colket Translational Research Building Room 4052, 3501 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia 19104, PA, United States; Center for Data Driven Discovery in Biomedicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Colket Translational Research Building Room 4052, 3501 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia 19104, PA, United States; Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3501 Civic Center Blvd, Room 4052, Philadelphia 19104, PA, United States
| | - Adam C Resnick
- Division of Neurosurgery, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Colket Translational Research Building Room 4052, 3501 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia 19104, PA, United States; Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Colket Translational Research Building Room 4052, 3501 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia 19104, PA, United States; Center for Data Driven Discovery in Biomedicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Colket Translational Research Building Room 4052, 3501 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia 19104, PA, United States; Center for Childhood Cancer Research, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Colket Translational Research Building Room 4052, 3501 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia 19104, PA, United States; Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3501 Civic Center Blvd, Room 4052, Philadelphia 19104, PA, United States.
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Scutti JAB. Importance of immune monitoring approaches and the use of immune checkpoints for the treatment of diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma: From bench to clinic and vice versa (Review). Int J Oncol 2018; 52:1041-1056. [PMID: 29484440 PMCID: PMC5843403 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
On the basis of immunological results, it is not in doubt that the immune system is able to recognize and eliminate transformed cells. A plethora of studies have investigated the immune system of patients with cancer and how it is prone to immunosuppression, due in part to the decrease in lymphocyte proliferation and cytotoxic activity. The series of experiments published following the demonstration by Dr Allison's group of the potential effect of anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) paved the way for a new perception in cancer immunotherapy: Immune checkpoints. Several T cell-co-stimulatory molecules including cluster of differentiation (CD)28, inducible T cell co-stimulatory, 4-1BB, OX40, glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor-related gene and CD27, and inhibitory molecules including T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing-3, programmed cell death-1 (PD-1), programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1), V-domain immunoglobulin suppressor of T cells activation, T cell immunoglobulin and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif domain, and B and T lymphocyte attenuator have been described in regulating T cell functions, and have been demonstrated to be essential targets in immunotherapy. In preclinical studies, glioblastoma multiforme, a high-grade glioma, the monotherapy targeting PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 resulted in increased survival times. An improved understanding of the pharmacodynamics and immune monitoring on glioma cancers, particularly in diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG), an orphan type of cancer, is expected to have a major contribution to the development of novel therapeutic approaches. On the basis of the recent preclinical and clinical studies of glioma, but not of DIPG, the present review makes a claim for the importance of investigating the tumor microenvironment, the immune response and the use of immune checkpoints (agonists or antagonists) in preclinical/clinical DIPG samples by immune monitoring approaches and high-dimensional analysis. Evaluating the potential predictive and correlative biomarkers in preclinical and clinical studies may assist in answering certain crucial questions that may be useful to improve the clinical response in patients with DIPG.
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Tinkle CL, Orr BA, Lucas JT, Klimo P, Patay Z, Baker SJ, Broniscer A, Qaddoumi I. Rapid and fulminant leptomeningeal spread following radiotherapy in diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2017; 64:10.1002/pbc.26416. [PMID: 28084680 PMCID: PMC5796806 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.26416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A 4-year-old male presented with rapid-onset cranial nerve palsy and ataxia. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a pontine mass lesion with discordant conventional and advanced imaging. A stereotactic core biopsy revealed glioblastoma with immunostaining suggestive of histone H3K27M and TP53 mutation, consistent with diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma. MRI 3 months after radiotherapy revealed extensive new leptomeningeal metastatic disease involving both the supra- and infratentorial brain, as well as the imaged portion of the spine. Tissue procured at the time of needle biopsy has undergone striking in vivo expansion as an orthotopic xenograft.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher L. Tinkle
- Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105
| | - Brent A. Orr
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105
| | - John T. Lucas
- Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105
| | - Paul Klimo
- Department of Neurosurgery, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105
| | - Zoltan Patay
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105
| | - Suzanne J. Baker
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105
| | - Alberto Broniscer
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105
| | - Ibrahim Qaddoumi
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105
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