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Yadav V, Jobe N, Satapathy SR, Mohapatra P, Andersson T. Increased MARCKS Activity in BRAF Inhibitor-Resistant Melanoma Cells Is Essential for Their Enhanced Metastatic Behavior Independent of Elevated WNT5A and IL-6 Signaling. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14246077. [PMID: 36551563 PMCID: PMC9775662 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14246077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment of melanoma with a BRAF inhibitor (BRAFi) frequently initiates development of BRAFi resistance, leading to increased tumor progression and metastasis. Previously, we showed that combined inhibition of elevated WNT5A and IL-6 signaling reduced the invasion and migration of BRAFi-resistant (BRAFi-R) melanoma cells. However, the use of a combined approach per se and the need for high inhibitor concentrations to achieve this effect indicate a need for an alternative and single target. One such target could be myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate (MARCKS), a downstream target of WNT5A in BRAFi-sensitive melanoma cells. Our results revealed that MARCKS protein expression and activity are significantly elevated in PLX4032 and PLX4720 BRAFi-R A375 and HTB63 melanoma cells. Surprisingly, neither WNT5A nor IL-6 contributed to the increases in MARCKS expression and activity in BRAFi-R melanoma cells, unlike in BRAFi-sensitive melanoma cells. However, despite the above findings, our functional validation experiments revealed that MARCKS is essential for the increased metastatic behavior of BRAFi-R melanoma cells. Knockdown of MARCKS in BRAFi-R melanoma cells caused reductions in the F-actin content and the number of filopodia-like protrusions, explaining the impaired migration, invasion and metastasis of these cells observed in vitro and in an in vivo zebrafish model. In our search for an alternative explanation for the increased activity of MARCKS in BRAFi-R melanoma cells, we found elevated basal activities of PKCα, PKCε, PKCι, and RhoA. Interestingly, combined inhibition of basal PKC and RhoA effectively impaired MARCKS activity in BRAFi-R melanoma cells. Our results reveal that MARCKS is an attractive single antimetastatic target in BRAFi-R melanoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Yadav
- Cell and Experimental Pathology, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Clinical Research Centre, Skåne University Hospital, SE 20213 Malmö, Sweden
- Correspondence: (V.Y.); (T.A.); Tel.: +46-40-391167 (V.Y. & T.A.)
| | - Njainday Jobe
- Cell and Experimental Pathology, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Clinical Research Centre, Skåne University Hospital, SE 20213 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Shakti Ranjan Satapathy
- Cell and Experimental Pathology, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Clinical Research Centre, Skåne University Hospital, SE 20213 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Purusottam Mohapatra
- Cell and Experimental Pathology, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Clinical Research Centre, Skåne University Hospital, SE 20213 Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER), Guwahati 781101, Assam, India
| | - Tommy Andersson
- Cell and Experimental Pathology, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Clinical Research Centre, Skåne University Hospital, SE 20213 Malmö, Sweden
- Correspondence: (V.Y.); (T.A.); Tel.: +46-40-391167 (V.Y. & T.A.)
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LncRNA MEG3 promotes the sensitivity of bortezomib by inhibiting autophagy in multiple myeloma. Leuk Res 2022; 123:106967. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2022.106967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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3
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Gladbach YS, Sklarz LM, Roolf C, Beck J, Schütz E, Fuellen G, Junghanss C, Murua Escobar H, Hamed M. Molecular Characterization of the Response to Conventional Chemotherapeutics in Pro-B-ALL Cell Lines in Terms of Tumor Relapse. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13071240. [PMID: 35886023 PMCID: PMC9316692 DOI: 10.3390/genes13071240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about optimally applying chemotherapeutic agents in a specific temporal sequence to rapidly reduce the tumor load and to improve therapeutic efficacy. The clinical optimization of drug efficacy while reducing side effects is still restricted due to an incomplete understanding of the mode of action and related tumor relapse mechanisms on the molecular level. The molecular characterization of transcriptomic drug signatures can help to identify the affected pathways, downstream regulated genes and regulatory interactions related to tumor relapse in response to drug application. We tried to outline the dynamic regulatory reprogramming leading to tumor relapse in relapsed MLL-rearranged pro-B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) cells in response to two first-line treatments: dexamethasone (Dexa) and cytarabine (AraC). We performed an integrative molecular analysis of whole transcriptome profiles of each treatment, specifically considering public knowledge of miRNA regulation via a network-based approach to unravel key driver genes and miRNAs that may control the relapse mechanisms accompanying each treatment. Our results gave hints to the crucial regulatory roles of genes leading to Dexa-resistance and related miRNAs linked to chemosensitivity. These genes and miRNAs should be further investigated in preclinical models to obtain more hints about relapse processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Saara Gladbach
- Institute for Biostatistics and Informatics in Medicine and Ageing Research (IBIMA), Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (Y.S.G.); (G.F.)
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Applied Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lisa-Madeleine Sklarz
- Clinic III—Hematology, Oncology, Palliative Medicine, Center for Internal Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (L.-M.S.); (C.R.); (C.J.); (H.M.E.)
| | - Catrin Roolf
- Clinic III—Hematology, Oncology, Palliative Medicine, Center for Internal Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (L.-M.S.); (C.R.); (C.J.); (H.M.E.)
| | - Julia Beck
- Chronix Biomedical GmbH, 37073 Göttingen, Germany; (J.B.); (E.S.)
| | - Ekkehard Schütz
- Chronix Biomedical GmbH, 37073 Göttingen, Germany; (J.B.); (E.S.)
| | - Georg Fuellen
- Institute for Biostatistics and Informatics in Medicine and Ageing Research (IBIMA), Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (Y.S.G.); (G.F.)
| | - Christian Junghanss
- Clinic III—Hematology, Oncology, Palliative Medicine, Center for Internal Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (L.-M.S.); (C.R.); (C.J.); (H.M.E.)
| | - Hugo Murua Escobar
- Clinic III—Hematology, Oncology, Palliative Medicine, Center for Internal Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (L.-M.S.); (C.R.); (C.J.); (H.M.E.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mecklenburg-Vorpommern (CCC-MV), Campus Rostock, Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Mohamed Hamed
- Institute for Biostatistics and Informatics in Medicine and Ageing Research (IBIMA), Rostock University Medical Center, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (Y.S.G.); (G.F.)
- Correspondence:
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Killing by Degradation: Regulation of Apoptosis by the Ubiquitin-Proteasome-System. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123465. [PMID: 34943974 PMCID: PMC8700063 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis is a cell suicide process that is essential for development, tissue homeostasis and human health. Impaired apoptosis is associated with a variety of human diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders, autoimmunity and cancer. As the levels of pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins can determine the life or death of cells, tight regulation of these proteins is critical. The ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) is essential for maintaining protein turnover, which can either trigger or inhibit apoptosis. In this review, we will describe the E3 ligases that regulate the levels of pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins and assisting proteins that regulate the levels of these E3 ligases. We will provide examples of apoptotic cell death modulations using the UPS, determined by positive and negative feedback loop reactions. Specifically, we will review how the stability of p53, Bcl-2 family members and IAPs (Inhibitor of Apoptosis proteins) are regulated upon initiation of apoptosis. As increased levels of oncogenes and decreased levels of tumor suppressor proteins can promote tumorigenesis, targeting these pathways offers opportunities to develop novel anti-cancer therapies, which act by recruiting the UPS for the effective and selective killing of cancer cells.
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Iyer DN, Faruq O, Zhang L, Rastgoo N, Liu A, Chang H. Pathophysiological roles of myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate (MARCKS) in hematological malignancies. Biomark Res 2021; 9:34. [PMID: 33958003 PMCID: PMC8101130 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-021-00286-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate (MARCKS) protein has been at the crossroads of multiple signaling pathways that govern several critical operations in normal and malignant cellular physiology. Functioning as a target of protein kinase C, MARCKS shuttles between the phosphorylated cytosolic form and the unphosphorylated plasma membrane-bound states whilst regulating several molecular partners including, but not limited to calmodulin, actin, phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate, and phosphoinositide-3-kinase. As a result of these interactions, MARCKS directly or indirectly modulates a host of cellular functions, primarily including cytoskeletal reorganization, membrane trafficking, cell secretion, inflammatory response, cell migration, and mitosis. Recent evidence indicates that dysregulated expression of MARCKS is associated with the development and progression of hematological cancers. While it is understood that MARCKS impacts the overall carcinogenesis as well as plays a part in determining the disease outcome in blood cancers, we are still at an early stage of interpreting the pathophysiological roles of MARCKS in neoplastic disease. The situation is further complicated by contradictory reports regarding the role of phosphorylated versus an unphosphorylated form of MARCKS as an oncogene versus tumor suppressor in blood cancers. In this review, we will investigate the current body of knowledge and evolving concepts of the physical properties, molecular network, functional attributes, and the likely pathogenic roles of MARCKS in hematological malignancies. Key emphasis will also be laid upon understanding the novel mechanisms by which MARCKS determines the overall disease prognosis by playing a vital role in the induction of therapeutic resistance. Additionally, we will highlight the importance of MARCKS as a valuable therapeutic target in blood cancers and will discuss the potential of existing strategies available to tackle MARCKS-driven blood cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Narayanan Iyer
- Laboratory medicine program, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Omar Faruq
- Laboratory medicine program, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Lun Zhang
- Laboratory medicine program, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Nasrin Rastgoo
- Laboratory medicine program, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Aijun Liu
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital University, Beijing, China.
| | - Hong Chang
- Laboratory medicine program, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
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Mitra A, Yoshida-Court K, Solley TN, Mikkelson M, Yeung CLA, Nick A, Lu K, Klopp AH. Extracellular vesicles derived from ascitic fluid enhance growth and migration of ovarian cancer cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9149. [PMID: 33911091 PMCID: PMC8080718 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88163-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is associated with a high mortality rate due to diagnosis at advanced stages. Dissemination often occurs intraperitoneally within the ascites fluid. The microenvironment can support dissemination through several mechanisms. One potential ascites factor which may mediate dissemination are EVs or extracellular vesicles that can carry information in the form of miRNAs, proteins, lipids, and act as mediators of cellular communication. We present our observations on EVs isolated from ascitic supernatants from patients diagnosed with high grade serous ovarian carcinoma in augmenting motility, growth, and migration towards omental fat. MicroRNA profiling of EVs from malignant ascitic supernatant demonstrates high expression of miR 200c-3p, miR18a-5p, miR1246, and miR1290 and low expression of miR 100- 5p as compared to EVs isolated from benign ascitic supernatant. The migration of ovarian cancer spheroids towards omental fat is enhanced in the presence of malignant ascitic EVs. Gene expression of these cells showed increased expression of ZBED2, ZBTB20, ABCC3, UHMK1, and low expression of Transgelin and MARCKS. We present evidence that ovarian ascitic EVs increase the growth of ovarian cancer spheroids through miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Mitra
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Kyoko Yoshida-Court
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Travis N Solley
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Megan Mikkelson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Chi Lam Au Yeung
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Alpa Nick
- Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA
| | - Karen Lu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Ann H Klopp
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Roeten MS, van Meerloo J, Kwidama ZJ, ter Huizen G, Segerink WH, Zweegman S, Kaspers GJ, Jansen G, Cloos J. Pre-Clinical Evaluation of the Proteasome Inhibitor Ixazomib against Bortezomib-Resistant Leukemia Cells and Primary Acute Leukemia Cells. Cells 2021; 10:665. [PMID: 33802801 PMCID: PMC8002577 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
At present, 20-30% of children with acute leukemia still relapse from current chemotherapy protocols, underscoring the unmet need for new treatment options, such as proteasome inhibition. Ixazomib (IXA) is an orally available proteasome inhibitor, with an improved safety profile compared to Bortezomib (BTZ). The mechanism of action (proteasome subunit inhibition, apoptosis induction) and growth inhibitory potential of IXA vs. BTZ were tested in vitro in human (BTZ-resistant) leukemia cell lines. Ex vivo activity of IXA vs. BTZ was analyzed in 15 acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and 9 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) primary pediatric patient samples. BTZ demonstrated more potent inhibitory effects on constitutive β5 and immunoproteasome β5i proteasome subunit activity; however, IXA more potently inhibited β1i subunit than BTZ (70% vs. 29% at 2.5 nM). In ALL/AML cell lines, IXA conveyed 50% growth inhibition at low nanomolar concentrations, but was ~10-fold less potent than BTZ. BTZ-resistant cells (150-160 fold) displayed similar (100-fold) cross-resistance to IXA. Finally, IXA and BTZ exhibited anti-leukemic effects for primary ex vivo ALL and AML cells; mean LC50 (nM) for IXA: 24 ± 11 and 30 ± 8, respectively, and mean LC50 for BTZ: 4.5 ± 1 and 11 ± 4, respectively. IXA has overlapping mechanisms of action with BTZ and showed anti-leukemic activity in primary leukemic cells, encouraging further pre-clinical in vivo evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margot S.F. Roeten
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.S.F.R.); (J.v.M.); (Z.J.K.); (G.t.H.); (W.H.S.); (S.Z.)
| | - Johan van Meerloo
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.S.F.R.); (J.v.M.); (Z.J.K.); (G.t.H.); (W.H.S.); (S.Z.)
| | - Zinia J. Kwidama
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.S.F.R.); (J.v.M.); (Z.J.K.); (G.t.H.); (W.H.S.); (S.Z.)
| | - Giovanna ter Huizen
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.S.F.R.); (J.v.M.); (Z.J.K.); (G.t.H.); (W.H.S.); (S.Z.)
| | - Wouter H. Segerink
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.S.F.R.); (J.v.M.); (Z.J.K.); (G.t.H.); (W.H.S.); (S.Z.)
| | - Sonja Zweegman
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.S.F.R.); (J.v.M.); (Z.J.K.); (G.t.H.); (W.H.S.); (S.Z.)
| | - Gertjan J.L. Kaspers
- Princess Maxima Center of Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands;
- Emma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Pediatric Oncology, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gerrit Jansen
- Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Jacqueline Cloos
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.S.F.R.); (J.v.M.); (Z.J.K.); (G.t.H.); (W.H.S.); (S.Z.)
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Targeting the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway to overcome anti-cancer drug resistance. Drug Resist Updat 2020; 48:100663. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2019.100663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Mogollón P, Díaz-Tejedor A, Algarín EM, Paíno T, Garayoa M, Ocio EM. Biological Background of Resistance to Current Standards of Care in Multiple Myeloma. Cells 2019; 8:cells8111432. [PMID: 31766279 PMCID: PMC6912619 DOI: 10.3390/cells8111432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A high priority problem in multiple myeloma (MM) management is the development of resistance to administered therapies, with most myeloma patients facing successively shorter periods of response and relapse. Herewith, we review the current knowledge on the mechanisms of resistance to the standard backbones in MM treatment: proteasome inhibitors (PIs), immunomodulatory agents (IMiDs), and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). In some cases, strategies to overcome resistance have been discerned, and an effort should be made to evaluate whether resensitization to these agents is feasible in the clinical setting. Additionally, at a time in which we are moving towards precision medicine in MM, it is equally important to identify reliable and accurate biomarkers of sensitivity/refractoriness to these main therapeutic agents with the goal of having more efficacious treatments and, if possible, prevent the development of relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Mogollón
- Hospital Universitario de Salamanca (IBSAL), Centro de Investigación del Cáncer-IBMCC (CSIC-USAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (P.M.); (A.D.-T.); (E.M.A.); (T.P.); (M.G.)
| | - Andrea Díaz-Tejedor
- Hospital Universitario de Salamanca (IBSAL), Centro de Investigación del Cáncer-IBMCC (CSIC-USAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (P.M.); (A.D.-T.); (E.M.A.); (T.P.); (M.G.)
| | - Esperanza M. Algarín
- Hospital Universitario de Salamanca (IBSAL), Centro de Investigación del Cáncer-IBMCC (CSIC-USAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (P.M.); (A.D.-T.); (E.M.A.); (T.P.); (M.G.)
| | - Teresa Paíno
- Hospital Universitario de Salamanca (IBSAL), Centro de Investigación del Cáncer-IBMCC (CSIC-USAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (P.M.); (A.D.-T.); (E.M.A.); (T.P.); (M.G.)
| | - Mercedes Garayoa
- Hospital Universitario de Salamanca (IBSAL), Centro de Investigación del Cáncer-IBMCC (CSIC-USAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (P.M.); (A.D.-T.); (E.M.A.); (T.P.); (M.G.)
| | - Enrique M. Ocio
- Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Universidad de Cantabria, 39008 Santander, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-942202520
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Chanukuppa V, Paul D, Taunk K, Chatterjee T, Sharma S, Kumar S, Santra MK, Rapole S. XPO1 is a critical player for bortezomib resistance in multiple myeloma: A quantitative proteomic approach. J Proteomics 2019; 209:103504. [PMID: 31465861 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2019.103504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Among the blood cancers, 13% mortality is caused by Multiple myeloma (MM) type of hematological malignancy. In spite of therapeutic advances in chemotherapy treatment, still MM remains an incurable disease is mainly due to emergence of chemoresistance. At present time, FDA approved bortezomib is the first line drug for MM treatment. However, like other chemotherapy, MM patients are acquiring resistance against bortezomib. The present study aims to identify and validate bortezomib resistant protein targets in MM using iTRAQ and label free quantitative proteomic approaches. 112 differentially expressed proteins were commonly found in both approaches with similar differential expression pattern. Exportin-1 (XPO1) protein was selected for further validation as its significant high expression was observed in both iTRAQ and label free analysis. Bioinformatic analysis of these common differentially expressed proteins showed a clear cluster of proteins such as SMC1A, RCC2, CSE1, NUP88, NUP50, TPR, HSPA14, DYNLL1, RAD21 and RANBP2 being associated with XPO1. Functional studies like cell count assay, flow cytometry assay and soft agar assay proved that XPO1 knock down in RPMI 8226R cell line results in re-sensitization to bortezomib drug. The mass spectrometry data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD013859. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a type of hematological malignancy which constitutes about 13% of all blood cell related malignancies. Chemoresistance is one of the major obstacles for the successful treatment for MM. Bortezomib is a first proteasome inhibitor drug, widely used in MM treatment. The present study aims to identify and validate bortezomib resistant protein targets in MM. Here, we identified 112 candidate proteins to be associated with bortezomib resistance using global quantitative proteomic analysis. Among these candidate proteins, we show that XPO1 plays crucial role in emerging bortezomib resistance using functional studies like cell count assay, flow cytometry assay and soft agar assay. XPO1 could be a potential therapeutic target for MM and development of inhibitors of XPO1 might help to cure MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkatesh Chanukuppa
- Proteomics Lab, National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, MH, India; Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, MH, India
| | - Debasish Paul
- Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, MH, India; Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Lab, National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, MH, India
| | - Khushman Taunk
- Proteomics Lab, National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, MH, India
| | | | | | - Saravanan Kumar
- Thermo Fisher Scientific India Pvt. Ltd, Whitefield, Bangalore 560066, KA, India
| | - Manas K Santra
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Lab, National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, MH, India
| | - Srikanth Rapole
- Proteomics Lab, National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, MH, India.
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Zaal EA, Berkers CR. The Influence of Metabolism on Drug Response in Cancer. Front Oncol 2018; 8:500. [PMID: 30456204 PMCID: PMC6230982 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to therapeutic agents, either intrinsic or acquired, is currently a major problem in the treatment of cancers and occurs in virtually every type of anti-cancer therapy. Therefore, understanding how resistance can be prevented, targeted and predicted becomes increasingly important to improve cancer therapy. In the last decade, it has become apparent that alterations in cellular metabolism are a hallmark of cancer cells and that a rewired metabolism is essential for rapid tumor growth and proliferation. Recently, metabolic alterations have been shown to play a role in the sensitivity of cancer cells to widely-used first-line chemotherapeutics. This suggests that metabolic pathways are important mediators of resistance toward anticancer agents. In this review, we highlight the metabolic alterations associated with resistance toward different anticancer agents and discuss how metabolism may be exploited to overcome drug resistance to classical chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther A. Zaal
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Celia R. Berkers
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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12
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Drug resistance in multiple myeloma. Cancer Treat Rev 2018; 70:199-208. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Revised: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Cloos J, Roeten MS, Franke NE, van Meerloo J, Zweegman S, Kaspers GJ, Jansen G. (Immuno)proteasomes as therapeutic target in acute leukemia. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2018; 36:599-615. [PMID: 29071527 PMCID: PMC5721123 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-017-9699-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The clinical efficacy of proteasome inhibitors in the treatment of multiple myeloma has encouraged application of proteasome inhibitor containing therapeutic interventions in (pediatric) acute leukemia. Here, we summarize the positioning of bortezomib, as first-generation proteasome inhibitor, and second-generation proteasome inhibitors in leukemia treatment from a preclinical and clinical perspective. Potential markers for proteasome inhibitor sensitivity and/or resistance emerging from leukemia cell line models and clinical sample studies will be discussed focusing on the role of immunoproteasome and constitutive proteasome (subunit) expression, PSMB5 mutations, and alternative mechanisms of overcoming proteolytic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Cloos
- Departments of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Departments of Hematology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Margot Sf Roeten
- Departments of Hematology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Niels E Franke
- Departments of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johan van Meerloo
- Departments of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Departments of Hematology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sonja Zweegman
- Departments of Hematology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gertjan Jl Kaspers
- Departments of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Princess Màxima Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Gerrit Jansen
- Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Oerlemans R, Berkers CR, Assaraf YG, Scheffer GL, Peters GJ, Verbrugge SE, Cloos J, Slootstra J, Meloen RH, Shoemaker RH, Dijkmans BAC, Scheper RJ, Ovaa H, Jansen G. Proteasome inhibition and mechanism of resistance to a synthetic, library-based hexapeptide. Invest New Drugs 2018; 36:797-809. [PMID: 29442210 PMCID: PMC6153520 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-018-0569-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background The hexapeptide 4A6 (Ac-Thr(tBu)-His(Bzl)-Thr(Bzl)-Nle-Glu(OtBu)-Gly-Bza) was isolated from a peptide library constructed to identify peptide-based transport inhibitors of multidrug resistance (MDR) efflux pumps including P-glycoprotein and Multidrug Resistance-associated Protein 1. 4A6 proved to be a substrate but not an inhibitor of these MDR efflux transporters. In fact, 4A6 and related peptides displayed potent cytotoxic activity via an unknown mechanism. Objective To decipher the mode of cytotoxic activity of 4A6. Methods Screening of 4A6 activity was performed against the NCI60 panel of cancer cell lines. Possible interactions of 4A6 with the 26S proteasome were assessed via proteasome activity and affinity labeling, and cell growth inhibition studies with leukemic cells resistant to the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib (BTZ). Results The NCI60 panel COMPARE analysis revealed that 4A6 had an activity profile overlapping with BTZ. Consistently, 4A6 proved to be a selective and reversible inhibitor of β5 subunit (PSMB5)-associated chymotrypsin-like activity of the 26S proteasome. This conclusion is supported by several lines of evidence: (i) inhibition of chymotrypsin-like proteasome activity by 4A6 and related peptides correlated with their cell growth inhibition potencies; (ii) 4A6 reversibly inhibited functional β5 active site labeling with the affinity probe BodipyFL-Ahx3L3VS; and (iii) human myeloid THP1 cells with acquired BTZ resistance due to mutated PSMB5 were highly (up to 287-fold) cross-resistant to 4A6 and its related peptides. Conclusion 4A6 is a novel specific inhibitor of the β5 subunit-associated chymotrypsin-like proteasome activity. Further exploration of 4A6 as a lead compound for development as a novel proteasome-targeted drug is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruud Oerlemans
- Departments of Rheumatology, Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Rm 2.46, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081, HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Celia R Berkers
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Yehuda G Assaraf
- The Fred Wyszkowski Cancer Research Laboratory, Faculty of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - George L Scheffer
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Godefridus J Peters
- Department of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sue Ellen Verbrugge
- Departments of Rheumatology, Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Rm 2.46, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081, HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jacqueline Cloos
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, VU University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Robert H Shoemaker
- Chemopreventive Agent Development Research Group, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ben A C Dijkmans
- Departments of Rheumatology, Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Rm 2.46, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081, HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rik J Scheper
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Huib Ovaa
- Division of Cell Biology II, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Chemical Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gerrit Jansen
- Departments of Rheumatology, Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Rm 2.46, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081, HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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15
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Roeten MSF, Cloos J, Jansen G. Positioning of proteasome inhibitors in therapy of solid malignancies. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2018; 81:227-243. [PMID: 29184971 PMCID: PMC5778165 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-017-3489-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Targeting of the protein degradation pathway, in particular, the ubiquitin-proteasome system, has emerged as an attractive novel cancer chemotherapeutic modality. Although proteasome inhibitors have been most successfully applied in the treatment of hematological malignancies, they also received continuing interest for the treatment of solid tumors. In this review, we summarize the current positioning of proteasome inhibitors in the treatment of common solid malignancies (e.g., lung, colon, pancreas, breast, and head and neck cancer), addressing topics of their mechanism(s) of action, predictive factors and molecular mechanisms of resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margot S F Roeten
- Department of Hematology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jacqueline Cloos
- Department of Hematology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Gerrit Jansen
- Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center, Location VUmc, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Zaal EA, Wu W, Jansen G, Zweegman S, Cloos J, Berkers CR. Bortezomib resistance in multiple myeloma is associated with increased serine synthesis. Cancer Metab 2017; 5:7. [PMID: 28855983 PMCID: PMC5575874 DOI: 10.1186/s40170-017-0169-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The proteasome inhibitor bortezomib (BTZ) is successfully applied in the treatment of multiple myeloma, but its efficacy is restricted by the wide-spread occurrence of resistance. Metabolic alterations play an important role in cancer development and aid in the cellular adaptation to pharmacologically changed environments. Metabolic changes could therefore play an essential role in the development of drug resistance. However, specific metabolic pathways that can be targeted to improve bortezomib therapy remain unidentified. Methods We elucidated the metabolic mechanisms underlying bortezomib resistance by using mass spectrometry-based metabolomics and proteomics on BTZ-sensitive and BTZ–resistant multiple myeloma cell lines as well as in a set of CD138+ cells obtained from multiple myeloma patients. Results Our findings demonstrate that a rewired glucose metabolism sustains bortezomib resistance. Mechanistically, this results in higher activity of both the pentose phosphate pathway and serine synthesis pathway, ultimately leading to an increased anti-oxidant capacity of BTZ-resistant cells. Moreover, our results link both serine synthesis pathway activity and expression of 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH), which catalyzes the rate-limiting step of serine synthesis, to bortezomib resistance across different BTZ-resistant multiple myeloma cell lines. Consistently, serine starvation enhanced the cytotoxicity of bortezomib, underscoring the importance of serine metabolism in the response to BTZ. Importantly, in CD138+ cells of clinically bortezomib refractory multiple myeloma patients, PHGDH expression was also markedly increased. Conclusions Our findings indicate that interfering with serine metabolism may be a novel strategy to improve bortezomib therapy and identify PHGDH as a potential biomarker for BTZ resistance. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40170-017-0169-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther A Zaal
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Wei Wu
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Gerrit Jansen
- Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center-Location VUMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sonja Zweegman
- Department of Hematology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jacqueline Cloos
- Department of Hematology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Celia R Berkers
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
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