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Khan MM, Sharma V, Serajuddin M, Kirabo A. Integrated grade-wise profiling analysis reveals potential plasma miR-373-3p as prognostic indicator in Prostate Cancer & its target KPNA2. Noncoding RNA Res 2024; 9:954-963. [PMID: 38699204 PMCID: PMC11063115 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2024.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Plasma microRNAs (miRNAs) have recently garnered attention for their potential as stable biomarkers in the context of Prostate Cancer (PCa), demonstrating established associations with tumor grade, biochemical recurrence (BCR), and metastasis. This study seeks to assess the utility of plasma miRNAs as prognostic indicators for distinguishing between high-grade and low-grade PCa, and to explore their involvement in PCa pathogenesis. Methodology We conducted miRNA profiling in both plasma and tissue specimens from patients with varying PCa grades. Subsequently, the identified miRNAs were validated in a substantial independent PCa cohort. Furthermore, we identified and confirmed the gene targets of these selected miRNAs through Western blot analysis. Results In our plasma profiling investigation, we identified 98, 132, and 154 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) in high-grade PCa vs. benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), low-grade PCa vs. BPH, and high-grade PCa vs. low-grade PCa, respectively. Our tissue profiling study revealed 111, 132, and 257 statistically significant DEMs for the same comparisons. Notably, miR-373-3p emerged as the sole consistently dysregulated miRNA in both plasma and tissue samples of PCa. This miRNA displayed significant overexpression in plasma and tissue samples, with fold changes of 3.584 ± 0.5638 and 8.796 ± 1.245, respectively. Furthermore, we observed a significant reduction in KPNA2 protein expression in PCa. Conclusion Our findings lend support to the potential of plasma miR-373-3p as a valuable biomarker for predicting and diagnosing PCa. Additionally, this miRNA may contribute to the progression of PCa by inhibiting KPNA2 expression, shedding light on its role in the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Mabood Khan
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, 37232, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, 226007, India
| | - Vineeta Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, University of Delhi, 110021, India
| | | | - Annet Kirabo
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, 37232, Tennessee, USA
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2
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Chadha M, Iadecola S, Jenks A, Pankova V, Tam YB, Burns J, Arthur A, Wilding CP, Chen L, Chudasama P, Callegaro D, Strauss DC, Thway K, Gronchi A, Jones RL, Miceli R, Pasquali S, Huang PH. Proteomic profiling improves prognostic risk stratification of the Sarculator nomogram in soft tissue sarcomas of the extremities and trunk wall. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e70026. [PMID: 39041188 PMCID: PMC11263812 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.70026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-risk soft tissue sarcomas of the extremities and trunk wall (eSTS), as defined by the Sarculator nomogram, are more likely to benefit from (neo)adjuvant anthracycline-based therapy compared to low/intermediate-risk patients. The biology underpinning these differential treatment outcomes remain unknown. METHODS We analysed proteomic profiles and clinical outcomes of 123 eSTS patients. A Cox model for overall survival including the Sarculator was fitted to individual data to define four risk groups. A DNA replication protein signature-Sarcoma Proteomic Module 6 (SPM6) was evaluated for association with clinicopathological factors and risk groups. SPM6 was added as a covariate together with Sarculator in a multivariable Cox model to assess improvement in prognostic risk stratification. RESULTS DNA replication and cell cycle proteins were upregulated in high-risk versus very low-risk patients. Evaluation of the functional effects of CRISPR-Cas9 gene knockdown of proteins enriched in high-risk patients using the cancer cell line encyclopaedia database identified candidate drug targets. SPM6 was significantly associated with tumour malignancy grade (p = 1.6e-06), histology (p = 1.4e-05) and risk groups (p = 2.6e-06). Cox model analysis showed that SPM6 substantially contributed to a better calibration of the Sarculator nomogram (Index of Prediction Accuracy = 0.109 for Sarculator alone versus 0.165 for Sarculator + SPM6). CONCLUSIONS Risk stratification of patient with STS is defined by distinct biological pathways across a range of cancer hallmarks. Incorporation of SPM6 protein signature improves prognostic risk stratification of the Sarculator nomogram. This study highlights the utility of integrating protein signatures for the development of next-generation nomograms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhumeeta Chadha
- Division of Molecular PathologyThe Institute of Cancer ResearchLondonUK
| | - Sara Iadecola
- Unit of Biostatistics for Clinical ResearchFondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei TumoriMilanItaly
| | - Andrew Jenks
- Division of Molecular PathologyThe Institute of Cancer ResearchLondonUK
| | - Valeriya Pankova
- Division of Molecular PathologyThe Institute of Cancer ResearchLondonUK
| | - Yuen Bun Tam
- Division of Molecular PathologyThe Institute of Cancer ResearchLondonUK
| | - Jessica Burns
- Division of Molecular PathologyThe Institute of Cancer ResearchLondonUK
| | - Amani Arthur
- Division of Molecular PathologyThe Institute of Cancer ResearchLondonUK
| | | | - Liang Chen
- Precision Sarcoma Research GroupGerman Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor DiseasesHeidelbergGermany
| | - Priya Chudasama
- Precision Sarcoma Research GroupGerman Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor DiseasesHeidelbergGermany
| | - Dario Callegaro
- Department of SurgeryFondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei TumoriMilanItaly
| | | | - Khin Thway
- Division of Molecular PathologyThe Institute of Cancer ResearchLondonUK
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK
| | - Alessandro Gronchi
- Department of SurgeryFondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei TumoriMilanItaly
| | - Robin L. Jones
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK
- Division of Clinical StudiesThe Institute of Cancer ResearchLondonUK
| | - Rosalba Miceli
- Unit of Biostatistics for Clinical ResearchFondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei TumoriMilanItaly
| | - Sandro Pasquali
- Department of SurgeryFondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei TumoriMilanItaly
- Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Experimental OncologyFondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei TumoriMilanItaly
| | - Paul H. Huang
- Division of Molecular PathologyThe Institute of Cancer ResearchLondonUK
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3
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Ohhara Y, Kinoshita I, Suzuki A, Imagawa M, Taguchi J, Noguchi T, Takeuchi S, Shimizu Y, Seki H, Suzuki J, Dosaka-Akita H. Expression of Karyopherin Alpha 2 and Karyopherin Beta 1 Correlate with Poor Prognosis in Gastric Cancer. Oncology 2022; 100:685-695. [PMID: 36273446 PMCID: PMC9808660 DOI: 10.1159/000526807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Karyopherin alpha 2 (KPNA2) and karyopherin beta 1 (KPNB1) constitute nuclear transport protein complexes involved in nuclear import and are significant in tumor progression. Although high KPNA2 expression was associated with poor prognosis in solid tumors, the relationship between KPNA2 and KPNB1 expression and their prognostic role in gastric cancer (GC) remains unclear. METHODS Immunohistochemistry was used to correlate the expression of KPNA2 and KPNB1 with various features, including clinicopathological characteristics in 130 patients with GC and survival in 94 patients with invasive lesions extending to the submucosa or deeper. RESULTS High expression of KPNA2 and KPNB1 was found in 25% and 36% of the patients, respectively. Both were significantly related to tumor depth, lymph node metastasis, lymphatic invasion, venous invasion, and Ki-67 expression. KPNA2 expression was significantly related to that of KPNB1 (p < 0.001). Patients with high KPNB1 expression had poorer prognosis than those with low expression (p = 0.027), as was also observed in case of KPNA2 (p < 0.001). Patients with high expression of both KPNA2 and KPNB1 accounted for 18% and had a poorer prognosis than those with high expression of either and those with low expression of both (p = 0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed that high expression of both KPNA2 and KPNB1 was an independent prognostic factor in patients with GC (hazard ratio, 3.46; 95% confidence interval, 1.64-2.73, p = 0.001). CONCLUSION KPNA2 expression was correlated with KPNB1 expression, and high co-expression of KPNA2 and KPNB1 may represent a strong prognostic biomarker in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihito Ohhara
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Ichiro Kinoshita
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan,Division of Clinical Cancer Genomics, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan,*Ichiro Kinoshita,
| | - Akira Suzuki
- Department of Pathology, KKR Sapporo Medical Center, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Makoto Imagawa
- Department of Pathology, KKR Sapporo Medical Center, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Jun Taguchi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takuro Noguchi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Takeuchi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yasushi Shimizu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Seki
- Department of Gastroenterology, KKR Sapporo Medical Center, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Junichi Suzuki
- Department of Gastroenterology, KKR Sapporo Medical Center, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hirotoshi Dosaka-Akita
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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4
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Liao WC, Lin TJ, Liu YC, Wei YS, Chen GY, Feng HP, Chang YF, Chang HT, Wang CL, Chi HC, Wang CI, Lin KH, Ou Yang WT, Yu CJ. Nuclear accumulation of KPNA2 impacts radioresistance through positive regulation of the PLSCR1-STAT1 loop in lung adenocarcinoma. Cancer Sci 2021; 113:205-220. [PMID: 34773335 PMCID: PMC8748229 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (ADC) is the predominant histological type of lung cancer, and radiotherapy is one of the current therapeutic strategies for lung cancer treatment. Unfortunately, biological complexity and cancer heterogeneity contribute to radioresistance development. Karyopherin α2 (KPNA2) is a member of the importin α family that mediates the nucleocytoplasmic transport of cargo proteins. KPNA2 overexpression is observed across cancer tissues of diverse origins. However, the role of KPNA2 in lung cancer radioresistance is unclear. Herein, we demonstrated that high expression of KPNA2 is positively correlated with radioresistance and cancer stem cell (CSC) properties in lung ADC cells. Radioresistant cells exhibited nuclear accumulation of KPNA2 and its cargos (OCT4 and c‐MYC). Additionally, KPNA2 knockdown regulated CSC‐related gene expression in radioresistant cells. Next‐generation sequencing and bioinformatic analysis revealed that STAT1 activation and nuclear phospholipid scramblase 1 (PLSCR1) are involved in KPNA2‐mediated radioresistance. Endogenous PLSCR1 interacting with KPNA2 and PLSCR1 knockdown suppressed the radioresistance induced by KPNA2 expression. Both STAT1 and PLSCR1 were found to be positively correlated with dysregulated KPNA2 in radioresistant cells and ADC tissues. We further demonstrated a potential positive feedback loop between PLSCR1 and STAT1 in radioresistant cells, and this PLSCR1‐STAT1 loop modulates CSC characteristics. In addition, AKT1 knockdown attenuated the nuclear accumulation of KPNA2 in radioresistant lung cancer cells. Our results collectively support a mechanistic understanding of a novel role for KPNA2 in promoting radioresistance in lung ADC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chao Liao
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Jen Lin
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chin Liu
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shan Wei
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Ying Chen
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Pu Feng
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Feng Chang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Tzu Chang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Liang Wang
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsinag-Cheng Chi
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-I Wang
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung University/Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kwang-Huei Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Ou Yang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jung Yu
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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5
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Zhang J, Zhang X, Wang L, Kang C, Li N, Xiao Z, Dai L. Multiomics-based analyses of KPNA2 highlight its multiple potentials in hepatocellular carcinoma. PeerJ 2021; 9:e12197. [PMID: 34616632 PMCID: PMC8462373 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation and prognostic roles of Karyopherin α2 (KPNA2) were reported in many malignancies including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A multi-omics analysis of KPNA2 is needed to gain a deeper understanding of its multilevel molecular characteristics and provide novel clues for HCC diagnosis, prognosis, and target therapy. Herein multi-omic alterations of KPNA2 were analyzed at genetic, epigenetic, transcript, and protein levels with evaluation of their relevance with clinicopathological features of HCC by integrative analyses. The significant correlations of KPNA2 expression with its gene copy number variation (CNV) and methylation status were shown through Spearman correlation analyses. With Cox regression, Kaplan-Meier survival, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses, based on the factors of KPNA2 CNV, methylation, expression, and tumor stage, risk models for HCC overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were constructed which could discriminate the 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year OS/DFS status effectively. With Microenvironment Cell Populations-counter (MCP-counter), the immune infiltrations of HCC samples were evaluated and their associations with KPNA2 were shown. KPNA2 expression in liver was found to be influenced by low fat diet and presented significant correlations with fatty acid metabolism and fatty acid synthase activity in HCC. KPNA2 was detected lowered in HCC patient's plasma by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), consistent with its translocation to nuclei of HCC cells. In conclusion, KPNA2 multilevel dysregulation in HCC and its correlations with immune infiltration and the fatty acid metabolism pathway indicated its multiple roles in HCC. The clinicopathological significance of KPNA2 was highlighted through the in-depth analyses at multilevels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzhong Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Henan Medical College, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Xiuzhi Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Henan Medical College, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Lingxiao Wang
- Department of Pathology, Henan Medical College, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Chunyan Kang
- Department of Pathology, Henan Medical College, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Ningning Li
- Department of Pathology, Henan Medical College, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Zhefeng Xiao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Liping Dai
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
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6
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MiR-1297 negatively regulates metabolic reprogramming in glioblastoma via repressing KPNA2. Hum Cell 2020; 33:619-629. [PMID: 32124270 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-019-00316-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cell growth is characterized by reprogrammed glucose metabolism and subsequent high rate of glycolysis. The metabolic reprogramming is essential for cell proliferation and drug resistance of cancer cells including glioblastoma (GBM). MicroRNAs play pivotal roles during GBM development. In the present study, we discovered a significant downregulation of miR-1297 in GBM. Decreased miR-1297 expression was associated with prolonged overall survival of patients with glioma. Overexpression of miR-1297 promoted cell proliferation and glycolysis in GBM cells. Bioinformatic analysis (TargetScan and miRanda) indicated that miR-1297 might target 3'UTR of KPNA2, a key regulator of glycolysis in GBM. The regulation was confirmed in a dual-luciferase reporter assay in GBM cells. Furthermore, overexpression of KPNA2 could reverse miR-1297 mimic induced cell growth arrest and inhibition of glycolysis in GBM cells. Finally, a negative correlation between miR-1297 and KPNA2 mRNA levels was observed in GBM tissues. Collectively, the data demonstrated that the abnormal metabolic reprogramming was driven by miR-1297 in GBM and suggested miR-1297 as a tumor suppressor.
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7
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Huang JX, Wu YC, Cheng YY, Wang CL, Yu CJ. IRF1 Negatively Regulates Oncogenic KPNA2 Expression Under Growth Stimulation and Hypoxia in Lung Cancer Cells. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 12:11475-11486. [PMID: 31920336 PMCID: PMC6939401 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s221832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Karyopherin alpha 2 (KPNA2) has been reported as an oncogenic protein in numerous human cancers and is currently considered a potential therapeutic target. However, the transcriptional regulation and physiological conditions underlying KPNA2 expression remain unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role and regulation of interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF1) in modulating KPNA2 expression in lung adenocarcinoma (ADC). Materials and methods Bioinformatics tools and chromatin immunoprecipitation were used to analyze the transcription factor (TF) binding sites in the KPNA2 promoter region. We searched for a potential role of IRF1 in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using Oncomine and Kaplan-Meier Plotter datasets. qRT-PCR was applied to examine the role of IRF1 and signaling involved in regulating KPNA2 transcription. Western blotting was used to determine the effects of extracellular stimulation and intracellular signaling on the modulation of KPNA2-related TF expression. Results IRF1 was identified as a novel TF that suppresses KPNA2 gene expression. We observed that IRF1 expression was lower in cancerous tissues than in normal lung tissues and that its low expression was correlated with poor prognosis in NSCLC. Notably, both ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors reduced KPNA2 expression, which was accompanied by increased expression of IRF1 but decreased expression of E2F1, a TF that promotes KPNA2 expression in lung ADC cells. IRF1 knockdown restored the reduced levels of KPNA2 in ATM inhibitor-treated cells. We further demonstrated that epidermal growth factor (EGF)-activated mTOR and hypoxia-induced ATM suppressed IRF1 expression but promoted E2F1 expression, which in turn upregulated KPNA2 expression in lung ADC cells. Conclusion IRF1 acts as a potential tumor suppressor in NSCLC. EGF and hypoxia promote KPNA2 expression by simultaneously suppressing IRF1 expression and enhancing E2F1 expression in lung ADC cells. Our study provides new insights into targeted therapy for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie-Xin Huang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Cheng Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Yun Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Liang Wang
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Division of Pulmonary Oncology and Interventional Bronchoscopy, Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jung Yu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Division of Pulmonary Oncology and Interventional Bronchoscopy, Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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8
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Han Y, Wang X. The emerging roles of KPNA2 in cancer. Life Sci 2019; 241:117140. [PMID: 31812670 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Karyopherin α2 (KPNA2, also known as importinα-1), a member of the nuclear transporter family, is involved in the nucleocytoplasmic transport pathway of a variety of tumor-associated proteins. Recent studies have found that KPNA2 is overexpressed in various cancers, which is associated with poor prognosis. In addition, it has been shown to promote tumor formation and progression by participating in cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, immune response, and viral infection. It is indicated that KPNA2 also plays an important role in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of tumors. Herein, we provide an overview of the function and mechanism of KPNA2 in cancer and the prospects in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. In the future, KPNA2 provides new ideas for the early diagnosis of malignant tumors, the development of molecularly targeted drugs, and prognosis evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Han
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Lymphoma, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Key Laboratory for Kidney Regeneration of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China.
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9
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Wang PF, Song SY, Guo H, Wang TJ, Liu N, Yan CX. Prognostic role of pretreatment red blood cell distribution width in patients with cancer: A meta-analysis of 49 studies. J Cancer 2019; 10:4305-4317. [PMID: 31413750 PMCID: PMC6691718 DOI: 10.7150/jca.31598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) has been recently demonstrated to be a predictor of inflammation. High pretreatment RDW level is associated with poor survival outcomes in various malignancies, although the results are controversial. We aimed to investigate the prognostic role of RDW. A systematic literature search was performed in MEDLINE and EMBASE till April 2018. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated for overall survival (OS) and combined disease-free survival, progression-free survival, and recurrence-free survival (DFS/PFS/RFS). 49 studies with 19,790 individuals were included in the final analysis. High RDW level adversely affected both OS and DFS/PFS/RFS. For solid cancers, colorectal cancer (CRC) had the strongest relationship with poor OS, followed by hepatic cancer (HCC). Negative OS outcomes were also observed in hematological malignancies. Furthermore, patients at either early or advanced stage had inverse relationship between high pretreatment RDW and poor OS. Studies with cut-off values between 13% and 14% had worse HRs for OS and DFS/PFS/RFS than others. Furthermore, region under the curve (ROC) analysis was used widely to define cut-off values and had relatively closer relationship with poorer HRs. In conclusion, our results suggested that elevated pretreatment RDW level could be a negative predictor for cancer prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Fei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Si-Ying Song
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hang Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting-Jian Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chang-Xiang Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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10
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Müller T, Tolkach Y, Stahl D, Steiner S, Hauser S, Ellinger J, Rabien A, Ralla B, Jung K, Stephan C, Kristiansen G. Karyopherin Alpha 2 Is an Adverse Prognostic Factor in Clear-Cell and Papillary Renal-Cell Carcinoma. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2018; 17:e167-e175. [PMID: 30448104 DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2018.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Karyopherin α2 (KPNA2) is involved in the nucleocytoplasmic transport system and is functionally involved in the pathogenesis of various solid tumors by the translocation of cancer associated cargo proteins. However, the role of KPNA2 in renal-cell carcinoma (RCC) is still unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate the protein expression of KPNA2 in cancerous and healthy renal tissues to evaluate its prognostic value in RCC. PATIENTS AND METHODS We assessed KPNA2 protein expression via immunohistochemistry in a well-characterized cohort of 240 RCC patients by using a quantitative image analysis software. In addition, we analyzed publicly available gene expression data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). RESULTS A subgroup of clear-cell RCC (ccRCC) showed elevated protein expression levels of KPNA2. Most remarkably, we detected a correlation between high KPNA2 protein expression and shorter overall survival times as well as higher tumor stage and International Society of Urologic Pathology grade in ccRCC. However, the prognostic value of KPNA2 was not confirmed by multivariate Cox regression analysis when tested together with strong prognostic factors like tumor stage, lymph node metastasis, International Society of Urologic Pathology grade, and resection status. The results of the TCGA gene expression data analysis confirmed the prognostic value of KPNA2 in ccRCC. Additionally, KPNA2 expression was identified as an adverse factor in papillary RCC at the transcript level. CONCLUSION KPNA2 appears to be involved in the carcinogenesis of RCC and functions as a novel prognostic indicator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Müller
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Yuri Tolkach
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - David Stahl
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Susanne Steiner
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Hauser
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jörg Ellinger
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Anja Rabien
- Berlin Institute for Urologic Research, Berlin, Germany; Department of Urology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernhard Ralla
- Department of Urology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Klaus Jung
- Berlin Institute for Urologic Research, Berlin, Germany; Department of Urology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten Stephan
- Berlin Institute for Urologic Research, Berlin, Germany; Department of Urology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Glen Kristiansen
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
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11
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Martinez-Olivera R, Datsi A, Stallkamp M, Köller M, Kohtz I, Pintea B, Gousias K. Silencing of the nucleocytoplasmic shuttling protein karyopherin a2 promotes cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis in glioblastoma multiforme. Oncotarget 2018; 9:33471-33481. [PMID: 30323892 PMCID: PMC6173355 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that the nucleocytoplasmic carrier karyopherin a2 (KPNA2) is overexpressed in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) whereas its expression is inversely associated with patient prognosis. However, the promoting role of KPNA2 in gliomagenesis is still poorly understood. This study aims to further elucidate this role of KPNA2 in in vitro GBM models. From four different tested GBM cell lines, the U87MG showed the highest proliferation, low adherence and outgrowth in 3D clusters as well as the highest expression of KPNA2, all features conferring greater malignant behaviour. Silencing of KPNA2 via siRNA interference in those cells significantly decreased their proliferative capacity (p = 0.001). We further observed both a significant cell cycle phase arrest (p = 0.040) and the promoting of cellular apoptosis (p = 0.016) as well as a strong trend (p = 0.062) for an inhibition of nuclear import of c-Myc. This study confirms that a higher expression of KPNA2 in GBM is associated with a more malignant phenotype also in in vitro models. While increased expression of KPNA2 promotes proliferation and survival of GBM tumour cells, silencing of KPNA2 conferred a less malignant behaviour. Our results strongly suggest that silencing of KPNA2 may play an important role in modulation of malignant features of GBM cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramon Martinez-Olivera
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurotraumatology, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, 44789 Bochum, Germany
| | - Angeliki Datsi
- Department of Laboratory for Neurosurgical Research, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, 44789 Bochum, Germany.,Institute for Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Heinrich-Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Maren Stallkamp
- Department of Laboratory for Neurosurgical Research, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, 44789 Bochum, Germany.,Medical School, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Manfred Köller
- Department of Surgical Research, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, 44789 Bochum, Germany
| | - Isabelle Kohtz
- Department of Laboratory for Neurosurgical Research, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, 44789 Bochum, Germany
| | - Bogdan Pintea
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurotraumatology, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, 44789 Bochum, Germany
| | - Konstantinos Gousias
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurotraumatology, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, 44789 Bochum, Germany.,Department of Laboratory for Neurosurgical Research, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, 44789 Bochum, Germany.,Medical School, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany.,Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Marburg, 35033 Marburg, Germany
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12
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Wang PF, Song SY, Wang TJ, Ji WJ, Li SW, Liu N, Yan CX. Prognostic role of pretreatment circulating MDSCs in patients with solid malignancies: A meta-analysis of 40 studies. Oncoimmunology 2018; 7:e1494113. [PMID: 30288362 PMCID: PMC6169582 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2018.1494113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) have been shown to contribute to tumor progression, mainly through immune suppression. Inverse correlations have been observed between MDSC levels and patient survival for various malignancies. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the prognostic value of pretreatment circulating MDSCs. We searched MEDLINE and EMBASE from their inceptions to September 2017 to identify relevant articles. Using a fixed or random effects model, pooled hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated for overall survival (OS) and combined disease-free survival, progression-free survival, and recurrence-free survival (DFS/PFS/RFS). A total of 40 studies comprising 2721 were included. For solid tumors, high levels of pretreatment circulating MDSCs were significantly associated with worse OS (HR = 1.796, 95% CI = 1.587-2.032) and DFS/PFS/RFS (HR = 2.459, 95% CI = 2.018-2.997). Breast cancer showed the largest association between high MDSC levels and worse OS (pooled HR = 3.053). Elevated MDSCs were also associated with worse OS for mixed-stage tumors (pooled HR = 1.659) and advanced-stage tumors (pooled HR = 2.337). Furthermore, both monocytic-MDSCs (M-MDSCs) and granulocytic or polymorphonuclear (PMN-MDSCs) showed negative associations with survival outcomes. Overall, high levels of pretreatment circulating MDSCs negatively influenced survival in most cancers. Pretreatment circulating MDSCs should be taken into account to further improve prognostic evaluation and develop novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Fei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Si-Ying Song
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ting-Jian Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Jun Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery, Key Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Yulin, Xi’an Jiao tong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Shou-Wei Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chang-Xiang Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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13
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Lin F, Gao L, Su Z, Cao X, Zhan Y, Li Y, Zhang B. Knockdown of KPNA2 inhibits autophagy in oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines by blocking p53 nuclear translocation. Oncol Rep 2018; 40:179-194. [PMID: 29781035 PMCID: PMC6059741 DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), one of the 10 most common types of neoplasms in the US, constitutes ~90% of all cases of oral malignancies. Chemoresistance and metastasis are difficult to avoid during the course of treatment, leading to a poor prognosis and a high mortality rate for patients with OSCC. Autophagy, a critical conserved cellular process, has been reported to be highly associated with the regulation of chemoresistance and metastasis of cancer cells. The present study investigated the role of karyopherin α2 (KPNA2), a member of the importin α family, which may serve an important role in p53 nucleocytoplasmic transport in the process of OSCC autophagy. In the CAL-27, SCC-15 and Tca8113 OSCC cell lines, we observed that the downregulation of KPNA2 suppressed cell migration and cisplatin resistance, using wound-healing, Transwell and CCK-8 assays. Additionally, the results of western blot analysis and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis indicated that the knockdown of KPNA2 inhibited autophagy. We confirmed that the inhibition of autophagy with anti-autophagy agents decreased the migration and cisplatin resistance of OSCC cells. We hypothesized that the suppression of cell migration and cisplatin resistance induced by KPNA2 knockdown may be associated with the inhibition of autophagy. To identify the underlying mechanism, further experiments determined that KPNA2 affects the level of autophagy via regulating the p53 nuclear import. Thus, the present study demonstrated that the function of KPNA2 in the process of autophagy may be p53-dependent, and by regulating the translocation of p53, KPNA2 can support autophagy to promote the chemoresistance and metastasis of OSCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Lin
- Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Li Gao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Zhenyu Su
- Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofang Cao
- Department of Dentistry, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Yuanbo Zhan
- Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Ying Li
- Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
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14
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Vuorinen EM, Rajala NK, Ihalainen TO, Kallioniemi A. Depletion of nuclear import protein karyopherin alpha 7 (KPNA7) induces mitotic defects and deformation of nuclei in cancer cells. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:325. [PMID: 29580221 PMCID: PMC5870926 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4261-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nucleocytoplasmic transport is a tightly regulated process carried out by specific transport machinery, the defects of which may lead to a number of diseases including cancer. Karyopherin alpha 7 (KPNA7), the newest member of the karyopherin alpha nuclear importer family, is expressed at a high level during embryogenesis, reduced to very low or absent levels in most adult tissues but re-expressed in cancer cells. Methods We used siRNA-based knock-down of KPNA7 in cancer cell lines, followed by functional assays (proliferation and cell cycle) and immunofluorescent stainings to determine the role of KPNA7 in regulation of cancer cell growth, proper mitosis and nuclear morphology. Results In the present study, we show that the silencing of KPNA7 results in a dramatic reduction in pancreatic and breast cancer cell growth, irrespective of the endogenous KPNA7 expression level. This growth inhibition is accompanied by a decrease in the fraction of S-phase cells as well as aberrant number of centrosomes and severe distortion of the mitotic spindles. In addition, KPNA7 depletion leads to reorganization of lamin A/C and B1, the main nuclear lamina proteins, and drastic alterations in nuclear morphology with lobulated and elongated nuclei. Conclusions Taken together, our data provide new important evidence on the contribution of KPNA7 to the regulation of cancer cell growth and the maintenance of nuclear envelope environment, and thus deepens our understanding on the impact of nuclear transfer proteins in cancer pathogenesis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-018-4261-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa M Vuorinen
- BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, PL 100, 33014, Tampere, Finland
| | - Nina K Rajala
- BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, PL 100, 33014, Tampere, Finland
| | - Teemu O Ihalainen
- BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, PL 100, 33014, Tampere, Finland.,BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, University of Tampere, PL 100, 33014, Tampere, Finland.,Tampere Imaging Facility, BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, PL 100, 33014, Tampere, Finland
| | - Anne Kallioniemi
- BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, PL 100, 33014, Tampere, Finland. .,Fimlab Laboratories, Biokatu 4, 33520, Tampere, Finland.
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15
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G2/M checkpoint plays a vital role at the early stage of HCC by analysis of key pathways and genes. Oncotarget 2017; 8:76305-76317. [PMID: 29100313 PMCID: PMC5652707 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study was designed to explore the molecular mechanism at the early stage of hepatocarcinoma (HCC) and identify the candidate genes and pathways changed significantly. We downloaded the gene expression file dataset GSE6764 from GEO, adopted the Robust Multi-array Average (RMA) algorithm to preprocess the raw file. 797 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened out based on the SAM method using R language. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) was used to perform canonical pathway analysis in order to calculate the most significantly changed pathways and predict the upstream regulators. In order to confirm the results from the DEGs which based on the individual gene level, the gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was done from the gene set level and the leading edge analysis was performed to find out the most appeared genes in several gene sets. The PPI network was built using GeneMANIA and the key genes were calculated using cytoHubba plugin based on cytoscape 3.4.0. We found that the Cell Cycle: G2/M DNA damage checkpoint regulation is the top-ranked pathways at the early stage of HCC by IPA. The high expression of several genes including CCNB1, CDC25B, XPO1, GMPS, KPNA2 and MELK is correlated with high risk, poor prognosis and shorter overall survival time in HCC patients by use of Kaplan-Meier Survival analysis. Taken together, our study showed that the G2/M checkpoint plays a vital role at the early HCC and the genes participate in the process may serve as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis.
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