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Yang F, Hu M, Chang S, Huang J, Si Y, Wang J, Cheng S, Jiang WG. Alteration in the sensitivity to crizotinib by Na +/H + exchanger regulatory factor 1 is dependent to its subcellular localization in ALK-positive lung cancers. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:202. [PMID: 32164629 PMCID: PMC7068933 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-6687-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Na+/H+ exchanger regulatory factor 1 (NHERF1) is an important scaffold protein participates in the modulation of a variety of intracellular signal pathways. NHERF1 was able to enhance the effects of chemo-drugs in breast and cervical cancer cells. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) fusion mutations are validated molecules targeted therapy in lung cancers, where crizotinib can be used as the specific inhibitor to suppress tumor progression. However, due to the less frequent occurrence of ALK mutations and the complexity for factors to determine drug responses, the genes that could alter crizotinib sensitivity are unclear. Methods Both ALK-translocated and ALK-negative lung adenocarcinoma specimens in tissue sections were collected for immunohistochemistry. The possible mechanisms of NHERF1 and its role in the cell sensitivity to crizotinib were investigated using an ALK-positive and crizotinib-sensitive lung adenocarcinoma cell line H3122. Either a NHERF1 overexpression vector or agents for NHERF1 knockdown was used for crizotinib sensitivity measures, in association with cell viability and apoptosis assays. Results The expression level of NHERF1 in ALK-translocated NSCLC was significantly higher than that in other lung cancer tissues. NHERF1 expression in ALK positive lung cancer cells was regulated by ALK activities, and was in return able to alter the sensitivity to crizotinib. The function of NHERF1 to influence crizotinib sensitivity was depending on its subcellular distribution in cytosol instead of its nucleus localized form. Conclusion Ectopically overexpressed NHERF1 could be a functional protein for consideration to suppress lung cancers. The determination of NHERF1 levels in ALK positive NSCLC tissues might be useful to predict crizotinib resistance, especially by distinguishing cytosolic or nuclear localized NHERF1 for the overexpressed molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenglian Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer & Metastasis Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Mu Hu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer & Metastasis Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Xuanwu Hospital, Beijing, 100053, P.R. China
| | - Siyuan Chang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer & Metastasis Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer & Metastasis Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Si
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer & Metastasis Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinghui Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Beijing, 101149, P.R. China
| | - Shan Cheng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer & Metastasis Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Wen G Jiang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer & Metastasis Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Cardiff China Medical Research Collaborative, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK
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Mangia A, Saponaro C, Vagheggini A, Opinto G, Centonze M, Vicenti C, Popescu O, Pastena M, Giotta F, Silvestris N. Should Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes, Androgen Receptor, and FOXA1 Expression Predict the Clinical Outcome in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Patients? Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11091393. [PMID: 31540486 PMCID: PMC6769726 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11091393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are a valuable indicator of the immune microenvironment that plays the central role in new anticancer drugs. TILs have a strong prognostic role in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Little is known about the interaction with the androgen receptor (AR) and forkhead box A1 (FOXA1). We analyzed the relationships between TIL levels, AR, and FOXA1 expression and their clinical significance in TNBC patients. Further, we investigated their interaction with other biomarkers like programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1), breast cancer type 1 susceptibility protein (BRCA1), poly (ADP-Ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1), and Na+/H+ exchanger regulatory factor 1 (NHERF1). The expression of the proteins was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 124 TNBC samples. TILs were performed adhering to International TILs Working Group 2014 criteria. Cox proportional hazards models were also used to identify risk factors associated with poor prognosis. Multivariate analysis identified TILs as independent prognostic factor of disease free survival (DFS; p = 0.045). A Kaplan-Meyer analysis revealed that the patients with high TILs had a better DFS compared to patients with low TILs (p = 0.037), and the phenotypes TILs-/AR+ and TILs-/FOXA1- had a worse DFS (p = 0.032, p = 0.001 respectively). AR was associated with FOXA1 expression (p = 0.007), and the tumors FOXA1+ presented low levels of TILs (p = 0.028). A poor DFS was observed for AR+/FOXA1+ tumors compared to other TNBCs (p = 0.0117). Low TILs score was associated with poor patients' survival, and TILs level in combination with AR or FOXA1 expression affected patient's clinical outcome. In addition, AR+/FOXA1+ phenotype identified a specific subgroup of TNBC patients with poor prognosis. These data may suggest new ways of therapeutic intervention to support current treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Mangia
- Functional Biomorphology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II" of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Concetta Saponaro
- Functional Biomorphology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II" of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Vagheggini
- Unit of Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, 47014 Meldola (FC), Italy.
| | - Giuseppina Opinto
- Functional Biomorphology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II" of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Matteo Centonze
- Functional Biomorphology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II" of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Chiara Vicenti
- Functional Biomorphology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II" of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Ondina Popescu
- Pathology Department, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II" of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Maria Pastena
- Pathology Department, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II" of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Francesco Giotta
- Medical Oncology Unit, IRCCS-Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II" of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Nicola Silvestris
- Medical Oncology Unit, IRCCS-Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II" of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro' of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy.
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Saponaro C, Vagheggini A, Scarpi E, Centonze M, Catacchio I, Popescu O, Pastena MI, Giotta F, Silvestris N, Mangia A. NHERF1 and tumor microenvironment: a new scene in invasive breast carcinoma. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2018; 37:96. [PMID: 29716631 PMCID: PMC5930748 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0766-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor microenvironment (TME) includes many factors such as tumor associated inflammatory cells, vessels, and lymphocytes, as well as different signaling molecules and extracellular matrix components. These aspects can be de-regulated and consequently lead to a worsening of cancer progression. In recent years an association between the scaffolding protein Na+/H+ exchanger regulatory factor 1 (NHERF1) and tumor microenvironment changes in breast cancer (BC) has been reported. METHODS Subcellular NHERF1 localization, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), its receptor VEGFR1, hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α), TWIST1 expression and microvessel density (MVD) in 183 invasive BCs were evaluated, using immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays (TMA). Immunofluorescence was employed to explore protein interactions. RESULTS Cytoplasmic NHERF1(cNHERF1) expression was directly related to cytoplasmic VEGF and VEGFR1 expression (p = 0.001 and p = 0.027 respectively), and inversely to nuclear HIF-1α (p = 0.021) and TWIST1 (p = 0.001). Further, immunofluorescence revealed an involvement of tumor cells with NHERF1 positive staining in neo-vascular formation, suggesting a "mosaic" structure development of these neo-vessels. Survival analyses showed that loss of nuclear TWIST1 (nTWIST1) expression was related to a decrease of disease free survival (DFS) (p < 0.001), while nTWIST1-/mNHERF1+ presented an increased DFS with respect to nTWIST1+/mNHERF1- phenotype (p < 0.001). Subsequently, the analyses of nTWIST1+/cNHERF1+ phenotype selected a subgroup of patients with a worse DFS compared to nTWIST1-/cNHERF1- patients (p = 0.004). CONCLUSION Resulting data suggested a dynamic relation between NHERF1 and TME markers, and confirmed both the oncosuppressor role of membranous NHERF1 expression and the oncogene activity of cytoplasmic NHERF1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Saponaro
- Functional Biomorphology Laboratory, IRCCS-Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Alessandro Vagheggini
- Unit of Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST)-IRCCS, 47014, Meldola, FC, Italy
| | - Emanuela Scarpi
- Unit of Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST)-IRCCS, 47014, Meldola, FC, Italy
| | - Matteo Centonze
- Functional Biomorphology Laboratory, IRCCS-Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Ivana Catacchio
- Functional Biomorphology Laboratory, IRCCS-Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Ondina Popescu
- Pathology Department, IRCCS-Istituto Tumori "Giovanni PaoloII", 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Irene Pastena
- Pathology Department, IRCCS-Istituto Tumori "Giovanni PaoloII", 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Giotta
- Medical Oncology Unit, IRCCS-Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Nicola Silvestris
- Scientific Direction, IRCCS-Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Anita Mangia
- Functional Biomorphology Laboratory, IRCCS-Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", 70124, Bari, Italy.
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Centonze M, Saponaro C, Mangia A. NHERF1 Between Promises and Hopes: Overview on Cancer and Prospective Openings. Transl Oncol 2018; 11:374-390. [PMID: 29455084 PMCID: PMC5852411 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Na+/H+ exchanger regulatory factor 1 (NHERF1) is a scaffold protein, with two tandem PDZ domains and a carboxyl-terminal ezrin-binding (EB) region. This particular sticky structure is responsible for its interaction with different molecules to form multi-complexes that have a pivotal role in a lot of diseases. In particular, its involvement during carcinogenesis and cancer progression has been deeply analyzed in different tumors. The role of NHERF1 is not unique in cancer; its activity is connected to its subcellular localization. The literature data suggest that NHERF1 could be a new prognostic/predictive biomarker from breast cancer to hematological cancers. Furthermore, the high potential of this molecule as therapeutical target in different carcinomas is a new challenge for precision medicine. These evidences are part of a future view to improving patient clinical management, which should allow different tumor phenotypes to be treated with tailored therapies. This article reviews the biology of NHERF1, its engagement in different signal pathways and its involvement in different cancers, with a specific focus on breast cancer. It also considers NHERF1 potential role during inflammation related to most human cancers, designating new perspectives in the study of this "Janus-like" protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Centonze
- Functional Biomorphology Laboratory, IRCCS-Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Concetta Saponaro
- Functional Biomorphology Laboratory, IRCCS-Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Anita Mangia
- Functional Biomorphology Laboratory, IRCCS-Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy.
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