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Lee CR, Suh J, Jang D, Jin BY, Cho J, Lee M, Sim H, Kang M, Lee J, Park JH, Lee KH, Hwang GS, Moon KC, Song C, Ku JH, Kwak C, Kim HH, Cho SY, Choi M, Jeong CW. Comprehensive molecular characterization of TFE3-rearranged renal cell carcinoma. Exp Mol Med 2024; 56:1807-1815. [PMID: 39085357 PMCID: PMC11372160 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-024-01291-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
TFE3-rearranged renal cell cancer (tRCC) is a rare form of RCC that involves chromosomal translocation of the Xp11.2 TFE3 gene. Despite its early onset and poor prognosis, the molecular mechanisms of the pathogenesis of tRCC remain elusive. This study aimed to identify novel therapeutic targets for patients with primary and recurrent tRCC. We collected 19 TFE3-positive RCC tissues that were diagnosed by immunohistochemistry and subjected them to genetic characterization to examine their genomic and transcriptomic features. Tumor-specific signatures were extracted using whole exome sequencing (WES) and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data, and the functional consequences were analyzed in a cell line with TFE3 translocation. Both a low burden of somatic single nucleotide variants (SNVs) and a positive correlation between the number of somatic variants and age of onset were observed. Transcriptome analysis revealed that four samples (21.1%) lacked the expected fusion event and clustered with the genomic profiles of clear cell RCC (ccRCC) tissues. The fusion event also demonstrated an enrichment of upregulated genes associated with mitochondrial respiration compared with ccRCC expression profiles. Comparison of the RNA expression profile with the TFE3 ChIP-seq pattern data indicated that PPARGC1A is a metabolic regulator of the oncogenic process. Cell proliferation was reduced when PPARGC1A and its related metabolic pathways were repressed by its inhibitor SR-18292. In conclusion, we demonstrate that PPARGC1A-mediated mitochondrial respiration can be considered a potential therapeutic target in tRCC. This study identifies an uncharacterized genetic profile of an RCC subtype with unique clinical features and provides therapeutic options specific to tRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cho-Rong Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungyo Suh
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongjun Jang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biochemistry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Yeong Jin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeso Cho
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Moses Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungtai Sim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minyong Kang
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Digital Health, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jueun Lee
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hyun Park
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Hwa Lee
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Songdo Bio-Engineering, Incheon Jaeneung University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Geum-Sook Hwang
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Chul Moon
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheryn Song
- Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ja Hyeon Ku
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Kwak
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Hoe Kim
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Yup Cho
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biochemistry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Medical Research Center, Genomic Medicine Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Murim Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chang Wook Jeong
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Li P, Xu Q, Chen M, Zhu J, Wang Y, Mumin MA, Huang K, Jiang Z, Liang H, Deng Q, Wang Z, Liao B, Chen W, Cao Y, Cao J, Luo J. A nomogram based on TFE3 IHC results and clinical factors as a preliminary screening scheme for TFE3-rearranged renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e6813. [PMID: 38477529 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND TFE3 immunohistochemistry (TFE3-IHC) is controversial in the diagnosis of TFE3-rearranged renal cell carcinoma (TFE3-rearranged RCC). This study is to investigate the accuracy and sensitivity of IHC and establish a predictive model to diagnose TFE3-rearranged RCC. METHODS Retrospective analysis was performed by collecting IHC and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) results from 228 patients. IHC results were evaluated using three scoring systems. Scoring system 1 is graded based on nuclear staining intensity, scoring system 2 is graded based on the percentage of stained tumor cell nuclei, and scoring system 3 is graded based on both the nuclear staining intensity and the percentage. We collected patients' IHC results and clinical information. Important variables were screened based on univariate logistic regression analysis. Then, independent risk factors were established through multivariate logistic regression, and a nomogram model was constructed. The model was validated in internal test set and external validation set. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve), calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were generated to assess discriminative ability of the model. RESULTS The accuracy of IHC based on three scoring systems were 0.829, 0.772, and 0.807, respectively. The model included four factors including age, gender, lymph node metastasis and IHC results. Area under the curve (AUC) values were 0.935 for the training set, 0.934 for the internal test set, 0.933 for all 228 patients, and 0.916 for the external validation set. CONCLUSIONS TFE3 IHC has high accuracy in the diagnosis of TFE3-rearranged RCC. Clinical information such as age and lymph node metastasis are independent risk factors, which can be used as a supplement to the results of TFE3 IHC. This study confirms the value of IHC in the diagnosis of TFE3-rearranged RCC. The accuracy of the diagnosis can be improved by incorporating IHC with other clinical risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengju Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Quanhui Xu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minyu Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiangquan Zhu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yinghan Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mukhtar A Mumin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kangbo Huang
- Department of Urology, The Cancer Center of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zeying Jiang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Liang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Longhua People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiong Deng
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Longhua People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhu Wang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Longhua People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bing Liao
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenfang Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Cao
- Department of Pathology, The Cancer Center of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiazheng Cao
- Department of Urology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Junhang Luo
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Plotzke JM, Zhao R, Hrycaj SM, Harms PW, Mehra R, Chan MP. Immunohistochemical expression of PAX8, PAX2, and cytokeratin in melanomas. J Cutan Pathol 2021; 48:1246-1251. [PMID: 33934372 DOI: 10.1111/cup.14041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deviations from the classic melanocytic immunophenotype in melanoma can present a diagnostic challenge. PAX8 and PAX2 are common markers for renal or Müllerian differentiation. While most PAX8+ or PAX2+ carcinomas are seldom confused with melanoma, some cases may show a more ambiguous immunophenotype, especially when MiTF family altered renal cell carcinoma (MiTF-RCC) is in the differential diagnosis. Neither PAX8 nor PAX2 expression has been reported in melanoma to date. We aimed to better characterize PAX8, PAX2, and cytokeratin immunoreactivity in a large series of melanomas. METHODS Tissue microarrays consisting of 263 melanomas were immunostained for PAX8, PAX2, and cytokeratin and graded by an h-score. RESULTS PAX8 expression was seen in 7.9% of melanomas and was significantly associated with spindle cytomorphology. PAX2 was positive in one (0.4%) melanoma. Cytokeratin positivity was seen in three (1.2%) cases and was associated with metastases. CONCLUSIONS PAX8 is expressed in a subset of melanomas and may be strong/extensive. As PAX8 positivity does not exclude a diagnosis of melanoma, it should be used in conjunction with other immunohistochemical markers, such as cytokeratin and PAX2, when melanoma, MiTF-RCC, and other PAX8+ tumors are in the differential diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaclyn M Plotzke
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Raymond Zhao
- University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Steven M Hrycaj
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Paul W Harms
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Rohit Mehra
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - May P Chan
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Lee HJ, Shin DH, Song JS, Park JY, Kim SY, Hwang CS, Na JY, Lee JH, Kim JY, Park SW, Sol MY. mTOR Inhibition Increases Transcription Factor E3 (TFE3) Activity and Modulates Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1) Expression in Translocation Renal Cell Carcinoma. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2021; 191:1999-2008. [PMID: 34358517 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2021.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The efficacy of programmed cell death protein ligand (PD-L)-1/PD-1 checkpoint blockade in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remains unknown. The effects of mTOR inhibitors are uncertain, and patients may develop resistance to them. The limited understanding of cancer cell-intrinsic mTOR-mediated pathways remains a challenge in developing effective treatments. Whether transcription factor (TF)-E3 regulates PD-L1 expression and the tumor microenvironment was investigated, and the effects of an mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor on translocation RCC were explored. TFE3 was overexpressed in clear cell RCC cell lines, and PD-L1 expression was analyzed by Western blot analysis. PD-L1 activity in relation to TFE3 expression in translocation RCC was also analyzed, via TFE3 knockdown and treatment with an mTOR inhibitor. The results were correlated with the gene expression profile, evaluated using digital multiplex analysis. TFE3 and PD-L1 expression were positively correlated in RCC cells. TFE3 overexpression was associated with the expression of PD-L1 in RCC. Furthermore, mTOR inhibition was associated with enhanced PD-L1 expression via TFE3 activation in translocation RCC. These data support the feasibility of combination therapy based on mTOR inhibition and PD-L1 blockade as a novel strategy for the treatment of patients with translocation RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jung Lee
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea; The Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hoon Shin
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea; The Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji Sun Song
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Young Park
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Kim
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Chung Su Hwang
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Young Na
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hee Lee
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Yeon Kim
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Woo Park
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Mee Young Sol
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
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Baniak N, Barletta JA, Hirsch MS. Key Renal Neoplasms With a Female Predominance. Adv Anat Pathol 2021; 28:228-250. [PMID: 34009777 DOI: 10.1097/pap.0000000000000301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Renal neoplasms largely favor male patients; however, there is a growing list of tumors that are more frequently diagnosed in females. These tumors include metanephric adenoma, mixed epithelial and stromal tumor, juxtaglomerular cell tumor, mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma, Xp11.2 (TFE3) translocation-associated renal cell carcinoma, and tuberous sclerosis complex (somatic or germline) associated renal neoplasms. The latter category is a heterogenous group with entities still being delineated. Eosinophilic solid and cystic renal cell carcinoma is the best-described entity, whereas, eosinophilic vacuolated tumor is a proposed entity, and the remaining tumors are currently grouped together under the umbrella of tuberous sclerosis complex/mammalian target of rapamycin-related renal neoplasms. The entities described in this review are often diagnostic considerations when evaluating renal mass tissue on biopsy or resection. For example, Xp11.2 translocation renal cell carcinoma is in the differential when a tumor has clear cell cytology and papillary architecture and occurs in a young or middle-aged patient. In contrast, tuberous sclerosis complex-related neoplasms often enter the differential for tumors with eosinophilic cytology. This review provides an overview of the clinical, gross, microscopic, immunohistochemical, genetic, and molecular alterations in key renal neoplasms occurring more commonly in females; differential diagnoses are also discussed regardless of sex predilection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Baniak
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Justine A Barletta
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Michelle S Hirsch
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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The Diagnostic and Clinical Significance of TFE3 Immunohistochemical Nuclear Expression in Solitary Fibrous Tumour. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2020; 2020:8232803. [PMID: 32566457 PMCID: PMC7275214 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8232803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The expression of TFE3 (transcription factor E3) in solitary fibrous tumours (SFTs) and their histologic mimickers was investigated, and the diagnostic value and clinical significance of TFE3 nuclear expression in SFTs were explored. Immunohistochemical analysis for TFE3 was performed on 50 cases of SFTs that were surgically resected. The controls were sample tissues from malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour, synovial sarcoma, dedifferentiated liposarcoma, spindle cell lipoma, and dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. The survival of patients with TFE3-positive and TFE3-negative expressions was assessed through the Kaplan-Meier analysis. In 44 of 50 (88%) SFTs, nuclear immunoreactivity for TFE3 was detected. The TFE3 expression was negative in all samples of synovial sarcoma, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour, dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, and spindle cell lipoma and weakly positive in 2 of 10 cases of dedifferentiated liposarcoma. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) confirmed that the expression of the TFE3 protein is not caused by gene translocation. There was no statistical significance between the association of the TFE3 expression and SFT patient prognosis. Therefore, TFE3 is capable of enhancing the differential diagnosis of SFTs and their histologic mimickers and can be potentially used as a diagnostic marker. The findings also offer valuable insights into SFT diagnosis, aetiology, and associated molecular mechanisms.
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Syed JS, Brito J, Pooli A, Boutros PC, Shuch B. Transcriptomics in RCC. Urol Oncol 2020; 38:742-754. [PMID: 32222350 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2019.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Improvements in chemistry, molecular biology, genetics, and bioinformatics have allowed broad use of transcriptomic profiling. Understanding the population of ribonucleic acid (RNA) transcripts can provide important clinical information relevant to kidney cancer care. This includes a better understanding of kidney cancer subtype and distinct clusters within these categories. RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) is typically done on a region within the tumor, which represents thousands to millions of heterogeneous cells and various components of the microenvironment. Computational tools can deconvolute these populations to provide insight into the microenvironment. Specific signatures of hypoxia, proliferation, angiogenesis and immune infiltration can predict response and survival. Prognostic signatures can risk stratify tumors to aid in identification of patients who might derive benefit from adjuvant therapy. As the cost of sequencing continues to decline and improved bioinformatic tools are developed, the barriers to clinical use of transcriptomic data continue to crumble. Here we review the current literature around the use of transcriptomics in kidney cancer diagnosis and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamil S Syed
- Department of Urology, Yale School of Medicine, New haven, Ct, USA
| | - Joseph Brito
- Department of Urology, Yale School of Medicine, New haven, Ct, USA
| | - Aydin Pooli
- Institute of Urologic Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Paul C Boutros
- Institute of Urologic Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Brian Shuch
- Institute of Urologic Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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8
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Lee HJ, Shin DH, Lee YJ, Lee SJ, Hwang CS, Kim A, Park WY, Lee JH, Choi KU, Kim JY, Lee CH, Sol MY, Park SW. PD-L1 expression and infiltration by CD4 + and FoxP3 + T cells are increased in Xp11 translocation renal cell carcinoma and indicate poor prognosis. Histopathology 2020; 76:714-721. [PMID: 31841221 DOI: 10.1111/his.14047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Interaction between programmed death-1 ligand (PD-L1) and its receptor programmed death 1 (PD-1) on T cells inactivates antitumour immune responses. PD-L1 expression has been associated with poor prognosis in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and predicts adverse outcome. This study was designed to evaluate the impact of PD-L1 expression and the immune microenvironment on the clinical outcome in Xp11 translocation renal cell carcinoma (TRCC) and, therefore, their potential relevance as prognostic biomarkers. METHODS AND RESULTS The present retrospective analysis investigated expression of PD-L1 and immune cells CD8, CD4, CD3, forkhead box protein 3 (FoxP3) and PD-1 in TRCC compared to other types of RCC. FFPE specimens were collected between 2011 and 2017 from 311 patients who underwent nephrectomy at our institution for RCC. Specimens were immunostained for PD-L1, CD8, CD4, CD3, FoxP3 and PD-1, and an outcome analysis was conducted. PD-L1 expression rate was highest in TRCC (68%, 16 of 25), followed by mucinous tubular and spindle cell RCC and collecting duct carcinoma (33%, one of three), papillary RCC (27%, seven of 26), clear cell RCC (16%, 29 of 233), chromophobe RCC (11%, two of 18) and multilocular cystic RCC (0%, none of three). In TRCC, PD-L1 expression was associated with poor recurrence-free survival (RFS) (P = 0.041). The CD4high and FoxP3high groups showed a significantly shorter RFS (P = 0.05 and P = 0.031, respectively) compared to CD4low and FOXPlow groups. CONCLUSION PD-L1 expression was higher in TRCC than in other types of RCC. High PD-L1 tumour cell expression and tumour infiltration by CD4+ and FoxP3+ immune cells were associated with poor RFS in TRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun J Lee
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea.,The Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Dong H Shin
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea.,The Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Yeon J Lee
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - So J Lee
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Chung S Hwang
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Ahrong Kim
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Won Y Park
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Jung H Lee
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Kyung U Choi
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Jee Y Kim
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Chang H Lee
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Mee Y Sol
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Sung W Park
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
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9
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Xp11.2 translocation renal cell carcinoma with SFPQ/PSF-TFE3 fusion gene: A case report with unusual histopathologic findings. Pathol Res Pract 2019; 215:152479. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2019.152479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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10
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Xu ZY, Wang JP, Zhang Y, Wu SW, Ma L, Qin YZ, Wang ZP, Chai DM, Tao YS. Xp11.2 translocation/TFE3 gene fusion renal cell carcinoma with a micropapillary pattern: cases report and literature review. Am J Transl Res 2019; 11:327-339. [PMID: 30787990 PMCID: PMC6357303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Xp11.2 translocation/transcription factor E3 (TFE3) gene fusion renal cell carcinoma (Xp11.2 translocation RCC) was first classified as a distinct type of renal tumor by the World Health Organization in 2004. However, its morphology and clinical manifestations often overlap with those of conventional RCCs. Moreover, a micropapillary pattern (MPP) comprising small papillary cell clusters surrounded by lacunar spaces has never been described in RCC. We compared the clinicopathological and prognostic characteristics of one patient with Xp11.2 translocation RCC exhibiting an MPP (TFE3-M) to those of four patients with conventional Xp11.2 translocation RCC (TFE3-N); all five tumors resembled conventional RCCs on gross pathology. All patients exhibited similar histologies, clinical manifestations, and prognoses, and all underwent radical nephrectomy. However, their characteristics differed significantly from those of other MPP-comprising neoplasms. Both tumor types were positive for TFE3 and vimentin; however, TFE3-M tumor cells expressed epithelial membrane antigen and human melanoma black-45 but not cluster of differentiation 10 (CD10), whereas the TFE3-N cells expressed P504S, CD10, and vimentin but not cytokeratin 7. Our RT-PCR analysis result showed that TFE3-N and TFE3-M tumor cells were identified expressing ASPSCR1-TFE3 and PRCC-TFE3 fusion genes, respectively. These findings suggest that TFE3-M should be classified as a histological subtype of Xp11.2 translocation RCC, although its relationship with other MPP-exhibiting neoplasms remains unclear. The histological characteristics of Xp11.2 translocation RCCs depend on MiT family transcription factors and their gene fusion partners. Xp11.2 translocation RCC should be considered for malignancies presenting with a particular pattern; such malignancies can be identified reliably by their morphological and immunohistochemical profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou-Yi Xu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Medical CollegeBengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Jing-Ping Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Medical CollegeBengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Medical CollegeBengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Shi-Wu Wu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Medical CollegeBengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Li Ma
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Medical CollegeBengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Yan-Zi Qin
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Medical CollegeBengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Z Peter Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical CollegeAnhui, Bengbu 233030, China
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical SchoolBoston, MA, USA
| | - Da-Min Chai
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Medical CollegeBengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Yi-Sheng Tao
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Medical CollegeBengbu, Anhui, China
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Lee HJ, Shin DH, Kim SY, Hwang CS, Lee JH, Park WY, Choi KU, Kim JY, Lee CH, Sol MY, Rha SH, Park SW. TFE3translocation and protein expression in renal cell carcinoma are correlated with poor prognosis. Histopathology 2018; 73:758-766. [DOI: 10.1111/his.13700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jung Lee
- Department of Pathology; School of Medicine; Pusan National University; Yangsan Korea
- The Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology; Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital; YangSan Korea
| | - Dong Hoon Shin
- Department of Pathology; School of Medicine; Pusan National University; Yangsan Korea
- The Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology; Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital; YangSan Korea
| | - So Young Kim
- Department of Pathology; School of Medicine; Pusan National University; Yangsan Korea
| | - Chung Su Hwang
- Department of Pathology; School of Medicine; Pusan National University; Yangsan Korea
| | - Jung Hee Lee
- Department of Pathology; School of Medicine; Pusan National University; Yangsan Korea
| | - Won Young Park
- Department of Pathology; School of Medicine; Pusan National University; Yangsan Korea
| | - Kyung Un Choi
- Department of Pathology; School of Medicine; Pusan National University; Yangsan Korea
| | - Jee Yeon Kim
- Department of Pathology; School of Medicine; Pusan National University; Yangsan Korea
| | - Chang Hun Lee
- Department of Pathology; School of Medicine; Pusan National University; Yangsan Korea
| | - Mee Young Sol
- Department of Pathology; School of Medicine; Pusan National University; Yangsan Korea
| | - Seo Hee Rha
- Department of Pathology; School of Medicine; Dong-A University; Busan Korea
| | - Sung Woo Park
- Department of Urology; School of Medicine; Pusan National University; Yangsan Korea
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12
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Use of multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization to detect deletions in clinical tissue sections. J Transl Med 2018; 98:403-413. [PMID: 29339834 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-017-0007-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A variety of laboratory methods are available for the detection of deletions of tumor suppressor genes and losses of their proteins. The clinical utility of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for the identification of deletions of tumor suppressor genes has previously been limited by difficulties in the interpretation of FISH signal patterns. The first deletion FISH assays using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections had to deal with a significant background level of signal losses affecting nuclei that are truncated by the cutting process of slide preparation. Recently, more efficient probe designs, incorporating probes adjacent to the tumor suppressor gene of interest, have increased the accuracy of FISH deletion assays so that true chromosomal deletions can be readily distinguished from the false signal losses caused by sectioning artifacts. This mini-review discusses the importance of recurrent tumor suppressor gene deletions in human cancer and reviews the common FISH methods being used to detect the genomic losses encountered in clinical specimens. The use of new probe designs to recognize truncation artifacts is illustrated with a four-color PTEN FISH set optimized for prostate cancer tissue sections. Data are presented to show that when section thickness is reduced, the frequency of signal truncation losses is increased. We also provide some general guidelines that will help pathologists and cytogeneticists run routine deletion FISH assays and recognize sectioning artifacts. Finally, we summarize how recently developed sequence-based approaches are being used to identify recurrent deletions using small DNA samples from tumors.
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13
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Inamura K. Renal Cell Tumors: Understanding Their Molecular Pathological Epidemiology and the 2016 WHO Classification. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E2195. [PMID: 29053609 PMCID: PMC5666876 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18102195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that renal cell tumors represent a group of histologically and molecularly heterogeneous diseases, even within the same histological subtype. In accordance with the increased understanding of the morphological, immunohistochemical, molecular, and epidemiological characteristics of renal cell tumors, the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of renal cell tumors has been modified. This review provides perspectives on both new and current subtypes of renal cell tumors, as well as on the emerging/provisional renal cell carcinomas in the new 2016 WHO classification, which focuses on features of their molecular pathological epidemiology. The WHO classification will require additional revisions to enable the classification of renal cell tumors as clinically meaningful subtypes and provide a better understanding of the unique characteristics of renal cell tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Inamura
- Division of Pathology, The Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-8550, Japan.
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