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Badu P, Baniulyte G, Sammons MA, Pager CT. Activation of ATF3 via the Integrated Stress Response Pathway Regulates Innate Immune Response to Restrict Zika Virus. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.07.26.550716. [PMID: 37546954 PMCID: PMC10402074 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.26.550716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a re-emerging mosquito-borne flavivirus that can have devastating health consequences. The developmental and neurological effects from a ZIKV infection arise in part from the virus triggering cellular stress pathways and perturbing transcriptional programs. To date, the underlying mechanisms of transcriptional control directing viral restriction and virus-host interaction are understudied. Activating Transcription Factor 3 (ATF3) is a stress-induced transcriptional effector that modulates the expression of genes involved in a myriad of cellular processes, including inflammation and antiviral responses, to restore cellular homeostasis. While ATF3 is known to be upregulated during ZIKV infection, the mode by which ATF3 is activated and the specific role of ATF3 during ZIKV infection is unknown. In this study, we show via inhibitor and RNA interference approaches that ZIKV infection initiates the integrated stress response pathway to activate ATF4 which in turn induces ATF3 expression. Additionally, by using CRISPR-Cas9 system to delete ATF3, we found that ATF3 acts to limit ZIKV gene expression in A549 cells. We also determined that ATF3 enhances the expression of antiviral genes such as STAT1 and other components in the innate immunity pathway to induce an ATF3-dependent anti-ZIKV response. Our study reveals crosstalk between the integrated stress response and innate immune response pathways and highlights an important role for ATF3 in establishing an antiviral effect during ZIKV infection. Importance ZIKV is a re-emerging mosquito-borne flavivirus that co-opts cellular mechanisms to support viral processes which can reprogram the host transcriptional profile. Such viral-directed transcriptional changes and the pro- or anti-viral outcomes remain understudied. We previously showed that ATF3, a stress-induced transcription factor, is significantly upregulated in ZIKV infected mammalian cells, along with other cellular and immune response genes. We now define the intracellular pathway responsible for ATF3 activation and elucidate the impact of ATF3 expression on ZIKV infection. We show that during ZIKV infection the integrated stress response pathway stimulates ATF3 which enhances the innate immune response to antagonize ZIKV infection. This study establishes a link between viral-induced stress response and transcriptional regulation of host defense pathways and thus expands our knowledge on virus-mediated transcriptional mechanisms and transcriptional control of interferon stimulated genes during ZIKV infection.
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Zafari N, Bathaei P, Velayati M, Khojasteh-Leylakoohi F, Khazaei M, Fiuji H, Nassiri M, Hassanian SM, Ferns GA, Nazari E, Avan A. Integrated analysis of multi-omics data for the discovery of biomarkers and therapeutic targets for colorectal cancer. Comput Biol Med 2023; 155:106639. [PMID: 36805214 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.106639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
The considerable burden of colorectal cancer and the rising trend in young adults emphasize the necessity of understanding its underlying mechanisms, providing new diagnostic and prognostic markers, and improving therapeutic approaches. Precision medicine is a new trend all over the world and identification of novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets is a step forward towards this trend. In this context, multi-omics data and integrated analysis are being investigated to develop personalized medicine in the management of colorectal cancer. Given the large amount of data from multi-omics approach, data integration and analysis is a great challenge. In this Review, we summarize how statistical and machine learning techniques are applied to analyze multi-omics data and how it contributes to the discovery of useful diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Moreover, we discuss the importance of these biomarkers and therapeutic targets in the clinical management of colorectal cancer in the future. Taken together, integrated analysis of multi-omics data has great potential for finding novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets, however, there are still challenges to overcome in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nima Zafari
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Parsa Bathaei
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahla Velayati
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Khojasteh-Leylakoohi
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Basic Sciences Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Majid Khazaei
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Basic Sciences Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamid Fiuji
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Nassiri
- Recombinant Proteins Research Group, The Research Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahdi Hassanian
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Basic Sciences Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Division of Medical Education, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex, BN1 9PH, UK
| | - Elham Nazari
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Basic Sciences Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Amir Avan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Basic Sciences Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Holland SD, Ramer MS. Microglial activating transcription factor 3 upregulation: An indirect target to attenuate inflammation in the nervous system. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1150296. [PMID: 37033378 PMCID: PMC10076742 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1150296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Activating Transcription Factor 3 (ATF3) is upregulated in reaction to several cellular stressors found in a wide range of pathological conditions to coordinate a transcriptional response. ATF3 was first implicated in the transcriptional reaction to axotomy when its massive upregulation was measured in sensory and motor neuron cell bodies following peripheral nerve injury. It has since been shown to be critical for successful axon regeneration in the peripheral nervous system and a promising target to mitigate regenerative failure in the central nervous system. However, much of the research to date has focused on ATF3's function in neurons, leaving the expression, function, and therapeutic potential of ATF3 in glia largely unexplored. In the immunology literature ATF3 is seen as a master regulator of the innate immune system. Specifically, in macrophages following pathogen or damage associated molecular pattern receptor activation and subsequent cytokine release, ATF3 upregulation abrogates the inflammatory response. Importantly, ATF3 upregulation is not exclusively due to cellular stress exposure but has been achieved by the administration of several small molecules. In the central nervous system, microglia represent the resident macrophage population and are therefore of immediate interest with respect to ATF3 induction. It is our perspective that the potential of inducing ATF3 expression to dampen inflammatory microglial phenotype represents an unexplored therapeutic target and may have synergistic benefits when paired with concomitant neuronal ATF3 upregulation. This would be of particular benefit in pathologies that involve both detrimental inflammation and neuronal damage including spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, and stroke.
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Nanostructured Silicon Enabled HR-MS for the Label-Free Detection of Biomarkers in Colorectal Cancer Plasma Small Extracellular Vesicles. JOURNAL OF NANOTHERANOSTICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/jnt3040013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite improvements in treatment options for advanced colorectal cancer (CRC), survival outcomes are still best for patients with non-metastasised disease. Diagnostic tools to identify blood-based biomarkers and assist in CRC subtype classification could afford a means to track CRC progression and treatment response. Cancer cell-derived small extracellular vesicles (EVs) circulating in blood carry an elevated cargo of lipids and proteins that could be used as a signature of tumour suppressor/promoting events or stages leading up to and including metastasis. Here, we used pre-characterised biobanked plasma samples from surgical units, typically with a low volume (~100 µL), to generate and discover signatures of CRC-derived EVs. We employed nanostructured porous silicon (pSi) surface assisted-laser desorption/ionisation (SALDI) coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (HR-MS), to allow sensitive detection of low abundant analytes in plasma EVs. When applied to CRC samples, SALDI-HR-MS enabled the detection of the peptide mass fingerprint of cancer suppressor proteins, including serine/threonine phosphatases and activating-transcription factor 3. SALDI-HR-MS also allowed the detection of a spectrum of glycerophospholipids and sphingolipid signatures in metastatic CRC. We observed that lithium chloride enhanced detection sensitivity to elucidate the structure of low abundant lipids in plasma EVs. pSi SALDI can be used as an effective system for label-free and high throughput analysis of low-volume patient samples, allowing rapid and sensitive analysis for CRC classification.
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Cheng Z, Jiang S, Tao R, Ge H, Qin J. Activating transcription factor 3-activated long noncoding RNA forkhead box P4-antisense RNA 1 aggravates colorectal cancer progression by regulating microRNA-423-5p/nucleus accumbens associated 1 axis. Bioengineered 2022; 13:2114-2129. [PMID: 35034547 PMCID: PMC8973600 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2023798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have vital roles in the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). Forkhead box P4-antisense RNA 1 (FOXP4-AS1) showed a potential unfavorable prognostic factor for CRC, while its underlying mechanism remains elusive. Thus, the goal of this research is to determine mechanism of FOXP4-AS1 in CRC occurrence and development. Herein, a Dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to assess the regulation of miR-423-5p to nucleus accumbens-associated protein 1 (NACC1) and activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) to FOXP4-AS1 promoter. Hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining was performed to detect the pathological changes of tumor tissues. Flow cytometry, cell counting kit 8, Transwell, and wound healing assays were conducted to assess apoptosis, proliferation, migration, and invasion of CRC cells, respectively. The results showed that FOXP4-AS1 was highly expressed in CRC cell lines and tissues. CRC progression was promoted by the overexpression of FOXP4-AS1 in HTC116 cells and animal models. Furthermore, FOXP4-AS1 served as a molecular sponge for miR-423-5p, and NACC1 is a direct target of miR-423-5p. MiR-423-5p silencing or overexpression of NACC1 increased proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCT116 cells while suppressing apoptosis. We also found that the upregulation of FOXP4-AS1 was activated by ATF3 in CRC cells. Collectively, our results demonstrated that ATF3-activated FOXP4-AS1 aggravates CRC progression by regulating miR-423-5p/NACC1 axis, indicating a new target for CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhouyang Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, JS, China
| | - Song Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, JS, China
| | - Ran Tao
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, JS, China
| | - Haipeng Ge
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, JS, China
| | - Jun Qin
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, JS, China
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Knani I, Singh P, Gross-Cohen M, Aviram S, Ilan N, Sanderson RD, Aronheim A, Vlodavsky I. Induction of heparanase 2 (Hpa2) expression by stress is mediated by ATF3. Matrix Biol 2022; 105:17-30. [PMID: 34808335 PMCID: PMC8821145 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2021.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Activity of heparanase, endoglycosidase that cleaves heparan sulfate side chains in heparan sulfate proteoglycans, is highly implicated in tumor progression and metastasis. Heparanase inhibitors are therefore being evaluated clinically as anti-cancer therapeutics. Heparanase 2 (Hpa2) is a close homolog of heparanase that lacks HS-degrading activity and functions as an endogenous inhibitor of heparanase. As a result, Hpa2 appears to attenuate tumor growth but mechanisms that regulate Hpa2 expression and determine the ratio between heparanase and Hpa2 are largely unknown. We have recently reported that the expression of Hpa2 is induced by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and proteotoxic stresses, but the mechanism(s) underlying Hpa2 gene regulation was obscure. Here we expand the notion that Hpa2 is regulated by conditions of stress. We report that while ER and hypoxia, each alone, resulted in a 3-7 fold increase in Hpa2 expression, combining ER stress and hypoxia resulted in a noticeable, over 40-fold increase in Hpa2 expression. A prominent induction of Hpa2 expression was also quantified in cells exposed to heat shock, proteotoxic stress, lysosomal stress, and chemotherapy (cisplatin), strongly implying that Hpa2 is regulated by conditions of stress. Furthermore, analyses of the Hpa2 gene promoter led to the identification of activating-transcription-factor 3 (ATF3) as a transcription factor that mediates Hpa2 induction by stress, thus revealing, for the first time, a molecular mechanism that underlies Hpa2 gene regulation. Induction of Hpa2 and ATF3 by conditions of stress that often accompany the rapid expansion of tumors is likely translated to improved survival of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Knani
- Technion Integrated Cancer Center, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Preeti Singh
- Technion Integrated Cancer Center, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Miriam Gross-Cohen
- Technion Integrated Cancer Center, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Sharon Aviram
- Technion Integrated Cancer Center, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Neta Ilan
- Technion Integrated Cancer Center, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Ralph D Sanderson
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Ami Aronheim
- Technion Integrated Cancer Center, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Israel Vlodavsky
- Technion Integrated Cancer Center, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel,Correspondence should be addressed: Israel Vlodavsky, Technion Integrated Cancer Center, Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine; Technion, P. O. Box 9649, Haifa 31096, Israel,
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Akram F, Haq IU, Sahreen S, Nasir N, Naseem W, Imitaz M, Aqeel A. CRISPR/Cas9: A revolutionary genome editing tool for human cancers treatment. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2022; 21:15330338221132078. [PMID: 36254536 PMCID: PMC9580090 DOI: 10.1177/15330338221132078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a genetic disease stemming from genetic and epigenetic mutations and is the second most common cause of death across the globe. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) is an emerging gene-editing tool, acting as a defense system in bacteria and archaea. CRISPR/Cas9 technology holds immense potential in cancer diagnosis and treatment and has been utilized to develop cancer disease models such as medulloblastoma and glioblastoma mice models. In diagnostics, CRISPR can be used to quickly and efficiently detect genes involved in various cancer development, proliferation, metastasis, and drug resistance. CRISPR/Cas9 mediated cancer immunotherapy is a well-known treatment option after surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. It has marked a turning point in cancer treatment. However, despite its advantages and tremendous potential, there are many challenges such as off-target effects, editing efficiency of CRISPR/Cas9, efficient delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 components into the target cells and tissues, and low efficiency of HDR, which are some of the main issues and need further research and development for completely clinical application of this novel gene editing tool. Here, we present a CRISPR/Cas9 mediated cancer treatment method, its role and applications in various cancer treatments, its challenges, and possible solution to counter these challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Akram
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ikram ul Haq
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
- Pakistan Academy of Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sania Sahreen
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Narmeen Nasir
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Waqas Naseem
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Memoona Imitaz
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Amna Aqeel
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
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Chen WM, Chen YM, Jiang SY, Tao YP, Hong YG, Yang L, Zheng H, Chen JQ. LncRNA POT1-AS1 accelerates the progression of gastric cancer by serving as a competing endogenous RNA of microRNA-497-5p to increase PDK3 expression. J Gastrointest Oncol 2021; 12:2728-2742. [PMID: 35070402 PMCID: PMC8748042 DOI: 10.21037/jgo-21-709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) is the most common malignant tumor of the digestive system. Although progress has been reported in terms of treatment, it is still the second leading cause of cancer-related death. Long non-coding RNAs have been shown to play a key role in human cancers in recent investigations. However, the role of POT1-AS1 in GC is still unclear. METHODS The relative POT1-AS1 level in GC tissues and paracancerous tissues was detected by quantitative Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR). The biological function of POT1-AS1 was studied by CCK8 and Transwell assays in vitro experiments. Moreover, the downstream target genes of POT1-AS1 were predicted by bioinformatics. RESULTS In this study, high POT1-AS1 expression in GC cells was confirmed, and its elevated expression was linked to patients' negative clinicopathological characteristics, as well as shorter disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). POT1-AS1 was shown to serve as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) by sponging miR-497-5p to increase PDK3 expression. The impact of POT1-AS1 silencing on GC malignant phenotypes could be reversed by suppressing miR-497-5p or restoring PDK3, according to rescue experiments. CONCLUSIONS In brief, POT1-AS1 acted as an oncogenic lncRNA in GC, facilitating GC development by affecting the miR-497-5p/PDK3 axis, implying that the POT1-AS1/miR-497-5p/PDK3 axis is a useful target in anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Min Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shidong Hospital, Yangpu District, Shidong Hospital Affiliated to University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Ming Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shidong Hospital, Yangpu District, Shidong Hospital Affiliated to University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Si-Yuan Jiang
- Department of Colorectal cancer, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan-Ping Tao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Tumor Biology (EHBH), Shanghai, China
| | - Yong-Gang Hong
- Department of Colorectal cancer, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Le Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Tumor Biology (EHBH), Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Zheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Tumor Biology (EHBH), Shanghai, China
- Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Qing Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shidong Hospital, Yangpu District, Shidong Hospital Affiliated to University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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Xu X, Liu C, Wang Y, Koivisto O, Zhou J, Shu Y, Zhang H. Nanotechnology-based delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 for cancer treatment. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 176:113891. [PMID: 34324887 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
CRISPR/Cas9 (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats-associated protein 9) is a potent technology for gene-editing. Owing to its high specificity and efficiency, CRISPR/Cas9 is extensity used for human diseases treatment, especially for cancer, which involves multiple genetic alterations. Different concepts of cancer treatment by CRISPR/Cas9 are established. However, significant challenges remain for its clinical applications. The greatest challenge for CRISPR/Cas9 therapy is how to safely and efficiently deliver it to target sites in vivo. Nanotechnology has greatly contributed to cancer drug delivery. Here, we present the action mechanisms of CRISPR/Cas9, its application in cancer therapy and especially focus on the nanotechnology-based delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 for cancer gene editing and immunotherapy to pave the way for its clinical translation. We detail the difficult barriers for CRISIR/Cas9 delivery in vivo and discuss the relative solutions for encapsulation, target delivery, controlled release, cellular internalization, and endosomal escape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Xu
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China; Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku 20520, Finland
| | - Chang Liu
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku 20520, Finland
| | - Yonghui Wang
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku 20520, Finland
| | - Oliver Koivisto
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku 20520, Finland
| | - Junnian Zhou
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku 20520, Finland; Experimental Hematology and Biochemistry Lab, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China; Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku 20520, Finland
| | - Yilai Shu
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku 20520, Finland; Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku 20520, Finland.
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Azizi N, Toma J, Martin M, Khalid MF, Mousavi F, Win PW, Borrello MT, Steele N, Shi J, di Magliano MP, Pin CL. Loss of activating transcription factor 3 prevents KRAS-mediated pancreatic cancer. Oncogene 2021; 40:3118-3135. [PMID: 33864001 PMCID: PMC8173475 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01771-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The unfolded protein response (UPR) is activated in pancreatic pathologies and suggested as a target for therapeutic intervention. In this study, we examined activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3), a mediator of the UPR that promotes acinar-to-ductal metaplasia (ADM) in response to pancreatic injury. Since ADM is an initial step in the progression to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), we hypothesized that ATF3 is required for initiation and progression of PDAC. We generated mice carrying a germline mutation of Atf3 (Atf3-/-) combined with acinar-specific induction of oncogenic KRAS (Ptf1acreERT/+KrasG12D/+). Atf3-/- mice with (termed APK) and without KRASG12D were exposed to cerulein-induced pancreatitis. In response to recurrent pancreatitis, Atf3-/- mice showed decreased ADM and enhanced regeneration based on morphological and biochemical analysis. Similarly, an absence of ATF3 reduced spontaneous pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) formation and PDAC in Ptf1acreERT/+KrasG12D/+ mice. In response to injury, KRASG12D bypassed the requirement for ATF3 with a dramatic loss in acinar tissue and PanIN formation observed regardless of ATF3 status. Compared to Ptf1acreERT/+KrasG12D/+ mice, APK mice exhibited a significant decrease in pancreatic and total body weight, did not progress through to PDAC, and showed altered pancreatic fibrosis and immune cell infiltration. These findings suggest a complex, multifaceted role for ATF3 in pancreatic cancer pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawab Azizi
- Children's Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Jelena Toma
- Children's Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Oncology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Mickenzie Martin
- Children's Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Muhammad Faran Khalid
- Children's Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Fatemeh Mousavi
- Children's Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Phyo Wei Win
- Children's Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Maria Teresa Borrello
- Centre for Cancer Research Marseille, INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Nina Steele
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jiaqi Shi
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Christopher L Pin
- Children's Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada.
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.
- Department of Oncology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.
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Chen J, Zhang X, Xiao X, Ding Y, Zhang W, Shi M, Yang J, Liu Y, Han Y. Xiao-Ai-Ping Injection Enhances Effect of Paclitaxel to Suppress Breast Cancer Proliferation and Metastasis via Activating Transcription Factor 3. Integr Cancer Ther 2021; 19:1534735420906463. [PMID: 32248718 PMCID: PMC7136938 DOI: 10.1177/1534735420906463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy is an effective treatment for invasive breast cancer. Paradoxically, many recently published findings showed that the first-line chemotherapeutic agent paclitaxel (PTX) showed pro-metastatic effects in the progress of treating breast cancer. Xiao-Ai-Ping (XAP) injection, composed of a traditional herbal medicine, Marsdenia tenacissimae extract, is known to exert antitumor effects on various cancers. However, there are few experimental studies on breast cancer. The underlying mechanism of the antitumor effect of XAP combined with chemotherapy agents has not been fully understood. In the present study, we sought to find the antitumor effects of XAP combined with PTX in vitro and in vivo. The data demonstrated that the combination of XAP with PTX resulted in remarkable enhancement of the pro-apoptotic, migration-inhibiting, and anti-invasive effects of PTX in vitro. Significantly, further study showed the overexpression of ATF3 in PTX-treated cell, while XAP counteracted the change of ATF3 induced by PTX. Moreover, it showed that combination treatment could promote the inhibition of tumor growth in MDA-MB-231 cell xenograft mouse model. Compared with PTX treatment, the downregulation of ATF3 indicated that ATF3 played a pivotal role in the combination of XAP with PTX to exert a synergistic effect. Overall, it is expected that PTX combined with XAP may serve as an effective agent for antitumor treatment, and dampening ATF3 maybe a potential strategy to improve the efficacy of PTX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Chen
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated to Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, PR China.,Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xiangqi Zhang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated to Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, PR China.,Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yawei Ding
- Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, PR China.,Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, PR China.,Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Meizhi Shi
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated to Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, PR China.,Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Jiao Yang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated to Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, PR China.,Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Ying Liu
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated to Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, PR China.,Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yonglong Han
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated to Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, PR China.,Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, PR China
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12
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Liu C, Deng L, Lin J, Zhang J, Huang S, Zhao J, Jin P, Xu P, Ni P, Xu D, Ying L, Hu Y. Zinc Finger Protein CTCF Regulates Extracellular Matrix (ECM)-Related Gene Expression Associated With the Wnt Signaling Pathway in Gastric Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 10:625633. [PMID: 33665169 PMCID: PMC7921701 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.625633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC), a leading cause of cancer-related death, is a heterogeneous disease. We aim to describe clinically relevant molecular classifications of GC that incorporate heterogeneity and provide useful clinical information. We combined different gene expression datasets and filtered a 7-gene signature related to the extracellular matrix (ECM), which also exhibited significant prognostic value in GC patients. Interestingly, putative CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) regulatory elements were identified within the promoters of these ECM-related genes and were confirmed by chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-Seq). CTCF binding sites also overlapped with histone activation markers, indicating direct regulation. In addition, CTCF was also correlated with the Wnt signaling pathway. A comparison of human GC cell lines with high or low expression of ECM-related genes revealed different levels of tumor aggressiveness, suggesting the cancer development-promoting functions of ECM-related genes. Furthermore, CTCF regulated COL1A1 and COLA31 expression in vitro. Silencing CTCF or COL1A1/COL1A3 markedly inhibited cell growth and migration in the metastatic GC cell line BGC823. Collectively, this ECM-related 7-gene signature provides a novel insight for survival prediction among GC patients. The zinc finger protein CTCF regulates ECM-related genes, thereby promoting GC cell growth and migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenbin Liu
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Linyi Deng
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinrong Lin
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu Huang
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinglin Zhao
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peipei Jin
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peiqing Xu
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peihua Ni
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dakang Xu
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Le Ying
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Yiqun Hu
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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13
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Tian H, Chou FJ, Tian J, Zhang Y, You B, Huang CP, Yeh S, Niu Y, Chang C. ASC-J9® suppresses prostate cancer cell proliferation and invasion via altering the ATF3-PTK2 signaling. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2021; 40:3. [PMID: 33390173 PMCID: PMC7780640 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01760-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Early studies indicated that ASC-J9®, an androgen receptor (AR) degradation enhancer, could suppress the prostate cancer (PCa) progression. Here we found ASC-J9® could also suppress the PCa progression via an AR-independent mechanism, which might involve modulating the tumor suppressor ATF3 expression. Methods The lentiviral system was used to modify gene expression in C4–2, CWR22Rv1 and PC-3 cells. Western blot and Immunohistochemistry were used to detect protein expression. MTT and Transwell assays were used to test the proliferation and invasion ability. Results ASC-J9® can suppress PCa cell proliferation and invasion in both PCa C4–2 and CWR22Rv1 cells via altering the ATF3 expression. Further mechanistic studies reveal that ASC-J9® can increase the ATF3 expression via decreasing Glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic (GCLC) subunit expression, which can then lead to decrease the PTK2 expression. Human clinical studies further linked the ATF3 expression to the PCa progression. Preclinical studies using in vivo mouse model also proved ASC-J9® could suppress AR-independent PCa cell invasion, which could be reversed after suppressing ATF3. Conclusions ASC-J9® can function via altering ATF3/PTK2 signaling to suppress the PCa progression in an AR-independent manner. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-020-01760-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Tian
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China.,George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Pathology and Urology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Fu-Ju Chou
- George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Pathology and Urology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Jing Tian
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China.,George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Pathology and Urology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Urology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Bosen You
- George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Pathology and Urology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Chi-Ping Huang
- Sex Hormone Research Center, Department of Urology, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
| | - Shuyuan Yeh
- George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Pathology and Urology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Yuanjie Niu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China.
| | - Chawnshang Chang
- George Whipple Lab for Cancer Research, Departments of Pathology and Urology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA. .,Sex Hormone Research Center, Department of Urology, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan.
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14
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Correlation between Expression Profiles of Key Signaling Genes in Colorectal Cancer Samples from Type 2 Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients. Life (Basel) 2020; 10:life10090216. [PMID: 32971867 PMCID: PMC7555724 DOI: 10.3390/life10090216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Several lines of epidemiological and biochemical evidence support the association of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and colorectal cancer (CRC). T2DM has been shown to impinge on the transcriptome of colon tumor cells, promoting their proliferation and invasion. In order to gain insight into diabetes-specific modulation of colon cancer signaling, we analyzed gene expression patterns of more than five hundred genes encoding signaling proteins on TaqMan OpenArray panels from colonoscopic colorectal tumor samples of type 2 diabetic and non-diabetic patients. In total, 48 transcripts were found to be differentially expressed in tumors of T2DM patients as compared to healthy colon samples. Enrichment analysis with the g:GOSt (Gene Ontology Statistics) functional profiling tool revealed that the underlying genes can be classified into five signaling pathways (in decreasing order of significance: Wnt (wingless-type)/β-catenin; Hippo; TNF (tumor necrosis factor); PI3K/Akt (phosphoinositide-3 kinase/protein kinase B), and platelet activation), implying that targeted downregulation of these signaling cascades might help combat CRC in diabetic patients. Transcript levels of some of the differentially expressed genes were also measured from surgically removed diabetic and non-diabetic CRC specimens by individual qPCR (quantitative real-time PCR) assays using the adjacent normal tissue mRNA levels as an internal control. The most significantly altered genes in diabetic tumor samples were largely different from those in non-diabetic ones, implying that T2DM profoundly alters the expression of signaling genes and presumably the biological characteristics of CRC.
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15
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Sun C, Guo Y, Zhou W, Xia C, Xing X, Chen J, Li X, Zhu H, Lu J. p300 promotes cell proliferation through suppressing Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) reactivation in the infected B-lymphoma cells. Virus Res 2020; 286:198066. [PMID: 32553609 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2020.198066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Primary Effusion Lymphoma (PEL) is a B-cell lymphoma associated with Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV) infection. However, the mechanism of oncogenesis of PEL is still unclear. Studies have shown that the cellular transcriptional coactivator p300 regulates the interaction between host and virus, which plays a vital role in viral replication. In this study, we investigated the role of p300 in BCBL1 cells during the KSHV life cycle. We found that p300 knockout resulted in an overall increase for the early lytic genes and changed the expression of genes associated with tumor development, proliferation, and the immune response in the KSHV infected B cells. However, knockout of p300 significantly inhibited the expression of the immediate-early gene RTA and the late lytic gene K8 after KSHV lytic activation. Additionally, the intracellular KSHV genome copy number and the virion production were reduced. These results demonstrated that p300 plays a crucial role in suppressing KSHV viral replication in BCBL1. Furthermore, we observed that the growth of BCBL1 was inhibited by knockout of p300, which confirmed our findings that p300 promotes cell proliferation. This study further provided evidence that p300 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of BCBL1, which might lead to the oncogenesis of PEL caused by KSHV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuankai Sun
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yizhen Guo
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Jinan University Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Chuan Xia
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xiwen Xing
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Hua Zhu
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jie Lu
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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16
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Green Tea Polyphenol EGCG Attenuates MDSCs-mediated Immunosuppression through Canonical and Non-Canonical Pathways in a 4T1 Murine Breast Cancer Model. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12041042. [PMID: 32290071 PMCID: PMC7230934 DOI: 10.3390/nu12041042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies in the past decades have reported anti-tumor activity of the bioactive compounds extracted from tea leaves, with a focus on the compound epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). However, further investigations are required to unravel the underlying mechanisms behind the anti-tumor activity of EGCG. In this study, we demonstrate that EGCG significantly inhibits the growth of 4T1 breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. EGCG ameliorated immunosuppression by significantly decreasing the accumulation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and increasing the proportions of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in spleen and tumor sites in 4T1 breast tumor-bearing mice. Surprisingly, a low dose of EGCG (0.5-5 μg/mL) effectively reduced the cell viability and increased the apoptosis rate of MDSCs in vitro. EGCG down-regulated the canonical pathways in MDSCs, mainly through the Arg-1/iNOS/Nox2/NF-κB/STAT3 signaling pathway. Moreover, transcriptomic analysis suggested that EGCG also affected the non-canonical pathways in MDSCs, such as ECM-receptor interaction and focal adhesion. qRT-PCR further validated that EGCG restored nine key genes in MDSCs, including Cxcl3, Vcan, Col4a1, Col8a1, Oasl2, Mmp12, Met, Itsnl and Acot1. Our results provide new insight into the mechanism of EGCG-associated key pathways/genes in MDSCs in the murine breast tumor model.
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17
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Haderski GJ, Kandar BM, Brackett CM, Toshkov IM, Johnson CP, Paszkiewicz GM, Natarajan V, Gleiberman AS, Gudkov AV, Burdelya LG. TLR5 agonist entolimod reduces the adverse toxicity of TNF while preserving its antitumor effects. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0227940. [PMID: 32027657 PMCID: PMC7004342 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) is capable of inducing regression of solid tumors. However, TNF released in response to Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) activation by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the key mediator of cytokine storm and septic shock that can cause severe tissue damage limiting anticancer applications of this cytokine. In our previous studies, we demonstrated that activation of another Toll-like receptor, TLR5, could protect from tissue damage caused by a variety of stresses including radiation, chemotherapy, Fas-activating antibody and ischemia-reperfusion. In this study, we tested whether entolimod could counteract TNF-induced toxicity in mouse models. We found that entolimod pretreatment effectively protects livers and lungs from LPS- and TNF-induced toxicity and prevents mortality caused by combining either of these agents with the sensitizer, D-galactosamine. While LPS and TNF induced significant activation of apoptotic caspase 3/7, lipid tissue peroxidation and serum ALT accumulation in mice without entolimod treatment, these indicators of toxicity were reduced by entolimod pretreatment to the levels of untreated control mice. Entolimod was effective when injected 0.5–48 hours prior to, but not when injected simultaneously or after LPS or TNF. Using chimeric mice with hematopoiesis differing in its TLR5 status from the rest of tissues, we showed that this protective activity was dependent on TLR5 expression by non-hematopoietic cells. Gene expression analysis identified multiple genes upregulated by entolimod in the liver and cultured hepatocytes as possible mediators of its protective activity. Entolimod did not interfere with the antitumor activity of TNF in mouse hepatocellular and colorectal tumor models. These results support further development of TLR5 agonists to increase tissue resistance to cytotoxic cytokines, reduce the risk of septic shock and enable safe systemic application of TNF as an anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary J. Haderski
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, United States America
| | - Bojidar M. Kandar
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, United States America
| | - Craig M. Brackett
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, United States America
| | - Ilia M. Toshkov
- Genome Protection, Inc., Buffalo, New York, United States of America
| | - Christopher P. Johnson
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, United States America
| | - Geraldine M. Paszkiewicz
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, United States America
| | - Venkatesh Natarajan
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, United States America
| | | | - Andrei V. Gudkov
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, United States America
- * E-mail: (LGB); (AVG)
| | - Lyudmila G. Burdelya
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, United States America
- * E-mail: (LGB); (AVG)
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18
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Jiang C, Meng L, Yang B, Luo X. Application of CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technique in the study of cancer treatment. Clin Genet 2019; 97:73-88. [PMID: 31231788 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, gene editing, especially that using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/Cas9, has made great progress in the field of gene function. Rapid development of gene editing techniques has contributed to their significance in the field of medicine. Because the CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing tool is not only powerful but also has features such as strong specificity and high efficiency, it can accurately and rapidly screen the whole genome, facilitating the administration of gene therapy for specific diseases. In the field of tumor research, CRISPR/Cas9 can be used to edit genomes to explore the mechanisms of tumor occurrence, development, and metastasis. In these years, this system has been increasingly applied in tumor treatment research. CRISPR/Cas9 can be used to treat tumors by repairing mutations or knocking out specific genes. To date, numerous preliminary studies have been conducted on tumor treatment in related fields. CRISPR/Cas9 holds great promise for gene-level tumor treatment. Personalized and targeted therapy based on CRISPR/Cas9 will possibly shape the development of tumor therapy in the future. In this study, we review the findings of CRISPR/Cas9 for tumor treatment research to provide references for related future studies on the pathogenesis and clinical treatment of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyang Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingxiang Meng
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Anorectal Surgery Center, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingjun Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Luo
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of PingLiang City, Second Affiliated Hospital of Gansu Medical College, PingLiang, People's Republic of China
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19
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Liu L, Lin J, He H. Identification of Potential Crucial Genes Associated With the Pathogenesis and Prognosis of Endometrial Cancer. Front Genet 2019; 10:373. [PMID: 31105744 PMCID: PMC6499025 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective Endometrial cancer (EC) is a common gynecological malignancy worldwide. Despite advances in the development of strategies for treating EC, prognosis of the disease remains unsatisfactory, especially for advanced EC. The aim of this study was to identify novel genes that can be used as potential biomarkers for identifying the prognosis of EC and to construct a novel risk stratification using these genes. Methods and Results An mRNA sequencing dataset, corresponding survival data and expression profiling of an array of EC patients were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus, respectively. Common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified based on sequencing and expression as given in the profiling dataset. Pathway enrichment analysis of the DEGs was performed using the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery. The protein-protein interaction network was established using the string online database in order to identify hub genes. Univariate and multivariable Cox regression analyses were used to screen prognostic DEGs and to construct a prognostic signature. Survival analysis based on the prognostic signature was performed on TCGA EC dataset. A total of 255 common DEGs were found and 11 hub genes (TOP2A, CDK1, CCNB1, CCNB2, AURKA, PCNA, CCNA2, BIRC5, NDC80, CDC20, and BUB1BA) that may be closely related to the pathogenesis of EC were identified. A panel of 7 DEG signatures consisting of PHLDA2, GGH, ESPL1, FAM184A, KIAA1644, ESPL1, and TRPM4 were constructed. The signature performed well for prognosis prediction (p < 0.001) and time-dependent receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis displayed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.797, 0.734, 0.729, and 0.647 for 1, 3, 5, and 10-year overall survival (OS) prediction, respectively. Conclusion This study identified potential genes that may be involved in the pathophysiology of EC and constructed a novel gene expression signature for EC risk stratification and prognosis prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Liuzhou Worker's Hospital, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, China
| | - Jiajing Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Liuzhou Worker's Hospital, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, China
| | - Hongying He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Liuzhou Worker's Hospital, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, China
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Network Pharmacology Integrated Molecular Docking Reveals the Antiosteosarcoma Mechanism of Biochanin A. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:1410495. [PMID: 30723510 PMCID: PMC6339762 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1410495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background As the malignant tumor with the highest incidence in teenagers, osteosarcoma has become a major problem in oncology research. In addition to surgical management, the pharmacotherapeutic strategy for osteosarcoma treatment is an attractive way to explore. It has been demonstrated that biochanin A has an antitumor capacity on multiple kinds of solid tumor, including osteosarcoma. But the precise mechanism of biochanin A against osteosarcoma is still needed to be discovered. Objective To identify the potential therapeutic targets of biochanin A in treating osteosarcoma. Methods In present study, an integrated approach including network pharmacology and molecular docking technique was conducted, which mainly comprises target prediction, network construction, gene ontology, and pathway enrichment. CCK8 test was employed to evaluate the cell viability of MG63 cells. Western-blot was used to verify the target proteins of biochanin A. Results Ninety-six and 114 proteins were obtained as the targets of biochanin A and osteosarcoma, respectively. TP53, IGF1, JUN, BGLAP, ATM, MAPK1, ATF3, H2AFX, BAX, CDKN2A, and EGF were identified as the potential targets of biochanin A against osteosarcoma. Based on the western-blot detection, the expression of BGLAP, BAX, and ATF3 in MG63 cell line changed under the treatment of biochanin A. Conclusion Biochanin A can effectively suppress the proliferation of osteosarcoma and regulate the expression of BGLAP, BAX, and ATF3, which may act as the potential therapeutic targets of osteosarcoma.
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Rohini M, Haritha Menon A, Selvamurugan N. Role of activating transcription factor 3 and its interacting proteins under physiological and pathological conditions. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 120:310-317. [PMID: 30144543 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.08.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 08/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) is a stress-responsive factor that belongs to the activator protein 1 (AP-1) family of transcription factors. ATF3 expression is stimulated by various factors such as hypoxia, cytokines, and chemotherapeutic and DNA damaging agents. Upon stimulation, ATF3 can form homodimers or heterodimers with other members of the AP-1 family to repress or activate transcription. Under physiological conditions, ATF3 expression is transient and plays a pivotal role in controlling the expression of cell-cycle regulators and tumor suppressor, DNA repair, and apoptosis genes. However, under pathological conditions such as those during breast cancer, a sustained and prolonged expression of ATF3 has been observed. In this review, the structure and function of ATF3, its posttranslational modifications (PTM), and its interacting proteins are discussed with a special emphasis on breast cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rohini
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A Haritha Menon
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N Selvamurugan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Ying L, Yan F, Meng Q, Yu L, Yuan X, Gantier MP, Williams BRG, Chan DW, Shi L, Tu Y, Ni P, Wang X, Chen W, Zang X, Xu D, Hu Y. PD-L1 expression is a prognostic factor in subgroups of gastric cancer patients stratified according to their levels of CD8 and FOXP3 immune markers. Oncoimmunology 2018; 7:e1433520. [PMID: 29872566 PMCID: PMC5980489 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2018.1433520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Current studies aiming at identifying single immune markers with prognostic value have limitations in the context of complex antitumor immunity and cancer immune evasion. Here, we show how the integration of several immune markers influences the predictions of prognosis of gastric cancer (GC) patients. We analyzed Tissue Microarray (TMA) by multiplex immunohistochemistry and measured the expression of immune checkpoint molecule PD-L1 together with antitumor CD8 T cells and immune suppressive FOXP3 Treg cells in a cohort of GC patients. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering analysis of these markers was used to define correlations between CD8 T, FOXP3 Treg and PD-L1 cell densities. We found that FOXP3 and PD-L1 densities were elevated while CD8 T cells were decreased in tumor tissues compared to their adjacent normal tissues. However, patient stratification based on each one of these markers individually did not show significant prognostic value on patient survival. Conversely, combination of the ratios of CD8/FOXP3 and CD8/PD-L1 enabled the identification of patient subgroups with different survival outcomes. As such, high densities of PD-L1 in patients with high CD8/FOXP3 and low CD8/PD-L1 ratios correlated with increased survival. Collectively, this work demonstrates the need for the integration of several immune markers to obtain more meaningful survival prognosis and patient stratification. In addition, our work provides insights into the complex tumor immune evasion and immune regulation by the tumor-infiltrating effector and suppressor cells, informing on the best use of immunotherapy options for treating patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Ying
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China.,Institute of Ageing Research, Hangzhou Normal University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,Department of Tea Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Feng Yan
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China.,Institute of Ageing Research, Hangzhou Normal University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Qiaohong Meng
- Institute of Ageing Research, Hangzhou Normal University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Liang Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated First People's Hospital, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xiangliang Yuan
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Michael P Gantier
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Bryan R G Williams
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - David W Chan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Liyun Shi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Yugang Tu
- Cell Signaling Technology, Inc., Asia Pacific
| | - Peihua Ni
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Weisan Chen
- La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Xingxing Zang
- Department of Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Dakang Xu
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China.,Institute of Ageing Research, Hangzhou Normal University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yiqun Hu
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
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23
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Zhu H, Liu M, Zhang N, Pan H, Lin G, Li N, Wang L, Yang H, Yan K, Gong F. Serum and Adipose Tissue mRNA Levels of ATF3 and FNDC5/Irisin in Colorectal Cancer Patients With or Without Obesity. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1125. [PMID: 30246803 PMCID: PMC6140752 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To explore the activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) and fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5)/irisin protein levels in serum and mRNA levels in subcutaneous and visceral white adipose tissue (sWAT and vWAT) in normal-weight (NW) and overweight/obese (OW/OB) patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods: 76 CRC patients and 40 healthy controls were recruited. Serum ATF3 and irisin levels were detected by using ELISA kits, and the mRNA expression levels in sWAT and vWAT were measured by performing RT-qPCR. Results: The serum ATF3 levels were greater by 37.2%, whereas the irisin levels were lower by 23.3% in NW+CRC patients compared with those in healthy controls. CRC was independently associated with both ATF3 and irisin levels. The probability of CRC greater by 22.3-fold in individuals with high ATF3 levels compared with those with low ATF3 levels, whereas the risk of CRC in subjects with high irisin levels was lower by 78.0% compared to the risk in those with low irisin levels after adjustment for age, gender, BMI, and other biochemical parameters. Serum ATF3 and irisin could differentiate CRC patients from controls with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve areas of 0.745 (95% CI, 0.655-0.823) and 0.656 (95% CI, 0.561-0.743), respectively. The combination of ATF3 and irisin exhibited improved diagnosis value accuracy with ROC curve areas of 0.796 (95% CI, 0.710-0.866) as well as 72.6% sensitivity and 80.0% specificity. Conclusion: Increased ATF3 and reduced irisin levels were observed in sera from CRC patients. Individuals with high ATF3 and low irisin levels were more likely to have CRC. ATF3 and irisin represent potential diagnostic biomarkers for CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Meijuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Nianrong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Pan
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Guole Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Naishi Li
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Linjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hongbo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Kemin Yan
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fengying Gong
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Fengying Gong, ;
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24
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Identification of a histone family gene signature for predicting the prognosis of cervical cancer patients. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16495. [PMID: 29184082 PMCID: PMC5705706 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16472-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Heterogeneity in terms of tumor characteristics, prognosis, and survival among cancer patients is an unsolved issue. Here, we systematically analyzed the aberrant expression patterns of cervical cancer using RNA-Seq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). We incorporated gene profiling, molecular signatures, functional and pathway information with gene set enrichment and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis, to identify sub-networks of genes. Those identified genes relating to DNA replication and DNA repair-mediated signaling pathways associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Next, we combined cross-validated prognostic scores to build an integrated prognostic model for survival prediction. The combined approach revealed that the DNA repair-mediated including the functional interaction module of 18 histone genes (Histone cluster 1 H2A, B and H4), were significantly correlated with the survival rate. Furthermore, five of these histone genes were highly expressed in three cervical cancer cohorts from the Oncomine database. Comparison of high and low histone variant-expressing human cervical cancer cell lines revealed different responses to DNA damage, suggesting protective functions of histone genes against DNA damage. Collectively, we provide evidence that two SLE-associated gene sets (HIST1H2BD and HIST1H2BJ; and HIST1H2BD, HIST1H2BJ, HIST1H2BH, HIST1H2AM and HIST1H4K) can be used as prognostic factors for survival prediction among cervical cancer patients.
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25
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Ying L, Yan F, Meng Q, Yuan X, Yu L, Williams BRG, Chan DW, Shi L, Tu Y, Ni P, Wang X, Xu D, Hu Y. Understanding immune phenotypes in human gastric disease tissues by multiplexed immunohistochemistry. J Transl Med 2017; 15:206. [PMID: 29025424 PMCID: PMC5639762 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-017-1311-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Understanding immune phenotypes and human gastric disease in situ requires an approach that leverages multiplexed immunohistochemistry (mIHC) with multispectral imaging to facilitate precise image analyses. Methods We developed a novel 4-color mIHC assay based on tyramide signal amplification that allowed us to reliably interrogate immunologic checkpoints, including programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), cytotoxic T cells (CD8+T) and regulatory T cells (Foxp3), in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues of various human gastric diseases. By observing cell phenotypes within the disease tissue microenvironment, we were able to determine specific co-localized staining combinations and various measures of cell density. Results We found that PD-L1 was expressed in gastric ulcer and in tumor cells (TCs), as well as in tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs), but not in normal gastric mucosa or other gastric intraepithelial neoplastic tissues. Furthermore, we found no significant reduction in CD8+T cells, whereas the ratio of CD8+T:Foxp3 cells and CD8+T:PD-L1 cells was suppressed in tumor tissues and elevated in adjacent normal tissues. An unsupervised hierarchical analysis also identified correlations between CD8+T and Foxp3+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) densities and average PD-L1 levels. Three main groups were identified based on the results of CD8+T:PD-L1 ratios in gastric tumor tissues. Furthermore, integrating CD8+T:Foxp3 ratios, which increased the complexity for immune phenotype status, revealed 6–7 clusters that enabled the separation of gastric cancer patients at the same clinical stage into different risk-group subsets. Conclusions Characterizing immune phenotypes in human gastric disease tissues via multiplexed immunohistochemistry may help guide PD-L1 clinical therapy. Observing unique disease tissue microenvironments can improve our understanding of immune phenotypes and cell interactions within these microenvironments, providing the ability to predict safe responses to immunotherapies. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12967-017-1311-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Ying
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 227 Chongqing Road South, Shanghai, 200025, China.,Department of Tea Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feng Yan
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 227 Chongqing Road South, Shanghai, 200025, China.,Institute of Ageing Research, Hangzhou Normal University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiaohong Meng
- Institute of Ageing Research, Hangzhou Normal University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiangliang Yuan
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 227 Chongqing Road South, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Liang Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated First People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Bryan R G Williams
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - David W Chan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Liyun Shi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210046, China
| | - Yugang Tu
- Cell Signaling Technology, Inc., Asia Pacific, Danvers, USA
| | - Peihua Ni
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 227 Chongqing Road South, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dakang Xu
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 227 Chongqing Road South, Shanghai, 200025, China. .,Institute of Ageing Research, Hangzhou Normal University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. .,Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
| | - Yiqun Hu
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 227 Chongqing Road South, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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