Association of miR-146a, miR-149, miR-196a2, miR-499 gene polymorphisms with ischemic stroke in a Chinese people

The role of homocysteine levels as a risk factor of ischemic stroke events: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Introduction

Among numerous risk factors, homocysteine (Hcy) has been linked to cerebral infarction; however, results have been inconsistent. This review aimed to conduct a meta-analysis of published studies to investigate the relationship between plasma Hcy levels and the risk of ischemic stroke.

Methods

A systematic literature search was conducted until November 2022 to obtain articles reporting Hcy levels in ischemic stroke patients. Review Manager software was used to perform all statistical analyses (version 5.3).

Results

Initial investigation yielded 283 articles. The final evaluation included 21 articles, including two prospective studies, one retrospective cohort, and 18 case-control studies. These studies included 9888 participants, of which 5031 were admitted patients with ischemic stroke. An integrated analysis revealed that ischemic stroke patients had significantly higher levels of Hcy than controls (mean difference (MD) = +3.70, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.42-5.81, p < 0.001).

Conclusion

This meta-analysis and systematic review indicate that ischemic stroke patients have significantly higher homocysteine levels than controls. Detecting hyperhomocysteinemia and reducing homocysteine levels should be explored among individuals at increased risk for ischemic stroke.

Association between polymorphisms in miRNAs and ischemic stroke: A meta-analysis

BACKGROUND

Atherosclerosis remains a predominant cause of ischemic stroke (IS). Four miRNA polymorphisms associated with arteriosclerosis mechanism were meta-analyzed to explore whether they had predictive significance for IS.

METHODS

PubMed, Excerpta Medica database, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Scopus, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and China Wanfang Database were searched for relevant case-control studies published before September 2022. Two researchers independently reviewed the studies and extracted the data. Data synthesis was carried out on eligible studies. Meta-analysis, subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, and publication bias analysis were performed using Stata software 16.0.

RESULTS

Twenty-two studies were included, comprising 8879 cases and 12,091 controls. The results indicated that there were no significant associations between miR-146a C>G (rs2910164), miR-196a2 T>C (rs11614913) and IS risk in the overall analyses, but miR-149 T>C (rs2292832) and miR-499 A>G (rs3746444) increased IS risk under the allelic model, homozygote model and recessive model. The subgroup analyses based on Trial of Org 101072 in Acute Stroke Treatment classification indicated that rs2910164 increased small artery occlusion (SAO) risk under the allelic model, heterozygote model and dominant model; rs11614913 decreased the risk of SAO under the allelic model, homozygote model, heterozygote model and dominant model.

CONCLUSION

This Meta-analysis showed that all 4 single nucleotide polymorphisms were associated with the risk of IS or SAO, even though the overall and subgroup analyses were not entirely consistent.

Pre-microRNAs single nucleotide variants (rs3746444 A > G and rs2910164 C > G) increase the risk of ischemic stroke in the Egyptian population: a case–control study

Background

Ischemic stroke (IS) is the most leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Micro RNA (miRNA) genetic variants have been identified as a part of IS non-modifiable risk markers. This study aims to identify the possible association of rs2910164 C > G of pre-miRNA-146a and rs3746444 A > G of pre-miRNA-499 with increased IS risk. C-reactive protein (CRP) was studied as one of the mediators of the genetic disturbance in IS. The study included 100 patients with atherosclerotic IS and 100 age and sex matched healthy controls with more than one risk factor for IS. Variants were evaluated by the real-time polymerase chain reaction technique using TaqMan probes. CRP levels were assayed by immunoturbidimetry method on COBAS analyzer.

Results

Regarding rs3746444 A > G, the G allele, and its containing genotypes (GG and GG + AG) were associated with high IS incidence. Increased CRP levels were found to induce IS by GG and GG + AG genotypes, with a cut value of 7.5 mg/ L in differentiation between AA genotype and GG + AG genotypes. Combining the G allele of rs3746444 A > G with either G or C allele of rs2910164 C > G had enhanced the risk. For rs2910164 C > G, the G allele, and the combined GG + GC genotypes were associated with IS risk elevation with no correlation to CRP levels.

Conclusion

The G involving genetic variants of rs3746444 A > G and rs2910164 C > G were associated with an enhanced IS risk. CRP showed higher levels in GG and AG genotypes of rs3746444 with no relation to rs2910164 genotypes.

Pre-micro RNA polymorphism detection in small versus large vessel disease in stroke Egyptian patients

Stroke is the main cause of adult disability and is responsible for around 11% of deaths all over the world. Ischemic stroke encompasses about 80-85% of total stroke cases. Several studies have shown the relation between microRNAs polymorphism and ischemic stroke. The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of three common single nucleotide polymorphisms in pre-miRNAs (hsa-miR-146a/rs2910164, hsa-miR-196a2/rs11614913 and hsa-miR-499/rs3746444) on individual susceptibility to the risk of ischemic stroke subtypes in Egyptian population with 117 ischemic stroke patients. Results showed that hsa-miR-146a/rs2910164 was significantly associated with the risk of small vessel disease stroke in Egyptian population with no significant association between hsa-miR-196a2/rs11614913 and hsa-miR-499/rs3746444 with the risk of ischemic stroke. Therefore, it can be concluded that miR-146a/rs2910164 polymorphism is involved in the vulnerability to small vessel disease ischemic stroke risk in Egyptian population.

Hyperhomocysteinemia and Ischemic Stroke: A Potential Dose-Response Association-A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Background and Purpose  Previous studies suggest an association between increased homocysteine (Hcy) and risk of ischemic stroke. Yet, it remains unknown whether a dose-response association exists between Hcy levels and risk of ischemic stroke. Methods  Systematic literature searches were performed in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science. Inclusion criteria were studies investigating ischemic stroke risk in an adult population with measured Hcy levels. We computed odds ratios (ORs) for a 5 µmol/L increase in Hcy levels using a random effects meta-analysis. Results  In total, 108 studies met the inclusion criteria of which 22 were rated as high-quality studies, and 20 studies included a dose-response analysis. Hcy levels were analyzed either as a continuous or categorical variable. The majority of the studies found an increased risk of ischemic stroke when comparing the highest-to-lowest Hcy strata. A graded association was observed over the Hcy strata, indicating a dose-response association, with the most apparent effect when Hcy levels exceeded approximately 15 µmol/L. No studies explored a potential nonlinear association between Hcy levels and ischemic stroke. Six studies were included in a meta-analysis, showing an OR of 1.43 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.28-1.61) per 5 µmol/L increase in Hcy levels. Conclusion  This review and meta-analysis indicate a dose-response association between Hcy levels and ischemic stroke. An evident increase in effect measures was observed when Hcy levels exceeded 15 µmol/L, indicating a nonlinear association between ischemic stroke and Hcy levels. This nonlinear association warrants further study. This study is registered with clinical trial ( https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/ ; unique identifier: CRD42019130371).

Association of miR-196a2 and miR-149 single-nucleotide polymorphisms with atherosclerotic ischemic stroke susceptibility

Background

Beside common risk factors for stroke such as diabetes and hypertension, single-nucleotide variants occurring within micro RNA genes have been identified as susceptibility loci for ischemic stroke risk.

Objectives

Investigate the possible association of two variants in pre miRNA sequences, rs11614913 within miR-196a2 C > T and rs2292832 within miR-149 T > C, with ischemic stroke.

Subjects and methods

One hundred ischemic stroke patients and 100 age and sex-matched controls having > 1 risk factor for atherosclerosis were enrolled in a case-control study. Degree of atherosclerosis was assessed using ultrasonography. Micro RNA variants were assessed by real-time PCR TaqMan probe assay.

Results

The TT genotype and T allele frequencies of miR-196a2 C > T were protective against ischemic stroke (OR 0.168, P 0.001; OR 0.482, P < 0.001 respectively). While among miR-149 T > C variants, CC genotype was associated with increased risk by threefold (OR 3.061, P 0.005) and C allele was associated with about 1.9 fold risk of stroke (OR 1.909, P 0.002). Haplotypes analysis revealed miR-196a2T/-149 T allele combination was significantly lower among stroke patients than the controls (P < 0.001) with a protective effect (OR 0.196, 95% CI 0.083-0.466).

Conclusion

A decrease in the incidence of ischemic stroke is associated with miR-196a2 TT genotype and T allele and increases in the likelihood risk of ischemic stroke are associated with CC genotype and C allele within miR-149, and the two miRNAs under study are closely associated with vascular damage responses.

miR-149 and miR-499 gene polymorphism and the incident of ischemic stroke in the Asian population: From a case-control study to meta-analysis

OBJECTIVES

MiRNAs are the most abundant class of regulatory non-coding RNA, which may exert a significant role in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke(IS). Previous studies have focused on the relationship between miRNA polymorphism and IS risk, but the results remain inconsistent. Therefore, we first conducted a case-control study to explore the association, and subsequently performed a meta-analysis to further to clarify the association of miRNA polymorphism with risk of ischemic stroke.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

We first conducted a case-control study including 567 IS patients and 552 controls. Then we performed a meta-analysis combining the current study and previous studies with a total of 3015 cases and 2874 controls on miR-149 rs2292832 and 4119 cases and 4085 controls on miR-499 rs3746444 to further confirm our findings by searching PubMed, Web of Science and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases database up to Nov 2019.

RESULTS

In our case-control study, no association between miR-499 rs3746444, miR-149 rs2292832 and IS were found. When combined with previous studies, however, a significant relationship between miR-149 rs2292832 and ischemic stroke incident was found under recessive model and allelic model. In other words, CC genotype and C allele of miR-149 rs2292832 were increased risk of ischemic stroke.

CONCLUSION

Our meta-analysis results suggest that miR-149 rs2292832 might contribute to stroke susceptibility in the Asian populations.

Congenital Zika syndrome is associated with maternal protein malnutrition

Zika virus (ZIKV) infection during pregnancy is associated with a spectrum of developmental impairments known as congenital Zika syndrome (CZS). The prevalence of this syndrome varies across ZIKV endemic regions, suggesting that its occurrence could depend on cofactors. Here, we evaluate the relevance of protein malnutrition for the emergence of CZS. Epidemiological data from the ZIKV outbreak in the Americas suggest a relationship between undernutrition and cases of microcephaly. To experimentally examine this relationship, we use immunocompetent pregnant mice, which were subjected to protein malnutrition and infected with a Brazilian ZIKV strain. We found that the combination of protein restriction and ZIKV infection leads to severe alterations of placental structure and embryonic body growth, with offspring displaying a reduction in neurogenesis and postnatal brain size. RNA-seq analysis reveals gene expression deregulation required for brain development in infected low-protein progeny. These results suggest that maternal protein malnutrition increases susceptibility to CZS.

Influence of miRNA Gene Polymorphism on Recurrence and Age at Onset of Ischemic Stroke in a Chinese Han Population

Polymorphisms in microRNAs (miRNAs) are associated with ischemic stroke occurrence and traditional risk factors for ischemic stroke such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes. However, few studies have examined recurrent ischemic stroke as an outcome. Thus, the aim of our study was to examine association of miRNA gene polymorphisms (namely, miR-126 rs4636297, miR-149 rs2292832, miR-124 rs531564, miR-499 rs3746444, miR-143 rs12655723, and miR-122 rs17669) with recurrence of ischemic stroke. miRNA gene polymorphisms were genotyped using the polymerase chain reaction-ligation detection reaction (PCR-LDR) method in 657 patients with ischemic stroke. Association of miRNA polymorphisms with prognosis outcomes was examined by the Kaplan-Meier method, log-rank test, and Cox proportional hazards models. miR-122 rs17669 was significantly associated with recurrence risk of ischemic stroke under the recessive model. Cox regression analysis showed that the CC genotype of rs17669 was associated with an increased risk of 1.9-fold for stroke recurrence (hazard ratio = 1.879; 95% confidence interval = 1.182-2.985; P = 0.008). Further, this effect was more evident among the non-drinker and male subgroups. We found no difference in risk of recurrent ischemic stroke among the other five miRNA polymorphisms. Furthermore, we identified a significant association between the miR-149 rs2292832 polymorphism and age at onset of first-ever stroke. Altogether, miR-122 rs17669 is a significant predictor for the risk of recurrent stroke, independent of traditional risk factors.

Association between MicroRNA-4669 Polymorphism and Ischemic Stroke in a Korean Population

Recent studies have explored the association between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in microRNAs (miRNAs) and ischemic stroke (IS). In particular, the associations of rs2910164 (miRNA-146A), rs11614913 (miRNA-196A2), and rs3746444 (miRNA-499A) were intensively studied in IS. In this study, we investigated the associations between SNPs in miRNAs and IS including rs2910164, rs11614913, and rs3746444 in a Korean population. For a pilot study, we selected 19 SNPs in pre-miRNA region (including mature miRNA region) and genotyped in 140 IS patients and 240 control subjects using the Fluidigm Dynamic Array. Our pilot study showed a weak association of rs79402775 in miRNA-933 (p = 0.044) and a relatively strong association of rs35196866 in miRNA-4669 (p = 0.016) with IS. From the pilot study, we selected rs79402775, rs35196866, and rs7202008 (miRNA-2117; p = 0.055) as candidate miRNA SNPs on IS and further genotyped these SNPs in 264 IS patients and 455 control subjects using direct sequencing. In addition, we further analyzed the associations of rs2910164, rs11614913, and rs3746444 that have been intensively studied in previous studies. In the further analysis, we found the significant association between rs35196866 and IS (p = 0.0014 in additive model and p = 0.00015 in dominant model; p = 0.00037 in allele frequency analysis). However, the association between rs2910164, rs11614913, rs3746444, rs79402775, and rs7202008 and IS was not shown. These results suggest that miRNA-4669 may be involved in the susceptibility of IS.

Associations between miR-146a rs2910164 polymorphisms and risk of ischemic cardio-cerebrovascular diseases

BACKGROUND

Many studies investigated the association between miR-146a rs2910164 polymorphisms and risk of ischemic cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. However, the results were inconsistent.

METHODS

We searched the PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane library, Web of Science, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP, and Wanfang databases for appropriate studies. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to evaluate the associations. Heterogeneity, sensitivity, and publication bias were conducted to measure the robustness of our findings.All analyses were based on previous published studies, thus, no ethical approval and patient consent are required.

RESULTS

We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the relationship between miR-146a rs2910164 polymorphisms and risk of ischemic cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. A total of 26 related studies involving 11,602 cases and 14,016 controls were identified and included in our meta-analysis. After considering the heterogeneity of the global analysis, we inferred that rs2910164 polymorphisms were associated with a lower risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) significantly in all genetic models. In addition, it was also found that the miR-146a rs2910164 polymorphisms were associated with the low risk of ischemic cardio-cerebrovascular diseases in large sample size subgroup analysis.

CONCLUSION

These results indicate that miR-146a rs2910164 polymorphisms were significantly associated with a lower risk of ischemic cardio-cerebrovascular. The miR-146a rs29101164 might be recommended as a predictor for susceptibility of ischemic cardio-cerebrovascular diseases.

miRNA Polymorphisms and Risk of Cardio-Cerebrovascular Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Recently extensive focus has been concentrated on the role of miRNAs in the initiation and progression of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases (CCDs) which constitute a range of conditions including cardiovascular diseases (CVDs, especially coronary artery disease (CAD)), congenital heart disease (CHD) and cerebrovascular diseases (CBVDs, especially the ischemic stroke (IS)). An increasing number of studies are evaluating the association between different miRNA polymorphisms and risk of CCDs, but results have been inconclusive. This study represents a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between miRNA polymorphisms and risk of CCDs. PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science were queried to identify eligible articles. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were used to assess the association of miRNA polymorphisms with CCD susceptibility. A total of 51 eligible articles evaluating the association of 31 miRNA polymorphisms were identified. Meta-analysis was performed for six miRNA polymorphisms. miR-146a rs2910164 (30 studies: 13,186 cases/14,497 controls), miR-149 rs2292832 (Nine studies: 4116 cases/3511 controls), miR-149 rs71428439 (Three studies: 1556 cases/1567 controls), miR-196a2 rs11614913 (20 studies: 10,144 cases/10,433 controls), miR-218 rs11134527 (Three studies: 2,322 cases/2,754 controls) were not associated with overall CCD. miR-499 rs3746444 was associated with CCD (20 studies: 9564 cases/8876 controls). In the subgroups, rs2910164 and rs3746444 were only associated with CVDs, especially CAD. In conclusion, the results support the existence of a role for miR-146a rs2910164 and miR-499 rs3746444 in determining susceptibility to CCDs, especially CAD.

Associations of miR-146a, miR-149, miR-196a2, and miR-499 Polymorphisms with Ischemic Stroke in the Northern Chinese Han Population

BACKGROUND Recently, miR-146a C>G, miR- 149 T>C, miR-196a2 T>C and miR-499 A>G polymorphisms have been associated with susceptibility to many diseases, including ischemic stroke (IS). However, results have been reported inconsistency in IS, especially in the Chinese population. This study aimed to investigate the polymorphisms of the 4 miRNAs and IS risk in the Chinese population. MATERIAL AND METHODS We used a case-control study to explore these associations in 396 patients with IS and 378 healthy controls. According to TOAST standards, the selected patients were divided into subgroups: the large artery atherosclerosis (LAA) subgroup and the small artery occlusion (SAO) subgroup. The method of polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was used to detect the genotypes. RESULTS The miR-146a C>G polymorphism was remarkably different (CC vs. CG+GG: P=0.027; CC+CG vs. GG: P=0.020; C vs. G: P=0.006). The miR-149 T>C polymorphism was also remarkably different (TT vs. TC+CC: P=0.017; TT+TC vs. CC: P=0.020; T vs. C: P=0.004). The miR-146a and miR-149 polymorphisms were also remarkably different in the LAA subgroup (P<0.05). However, we did not find an association of miR-196a2 T>C or miR-499 A>G polymorphisms with IS (P>0.05); we did not find any association in the LAA subgroup or the SAO subgroup (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our study suggested that miR-146a C>G and miR-149 T>C polymorphisms might remarkably increase the risk of IS, which might be mainly associated with an increased risk in LAA stroke; however, the miR-196a2 T>C and miR-499 A>G polymorphisms might not be associated with IS risk in the northern Chinese Han population.

Association between polymorphisms in microRNAs and ischemic stroke in an Asian population: evidence based on 6,083 cases and 7,248 controls

Background

Polymorphisms in miR-146a (rs2910164), miR-196a2 (rs11614913), miR-149 (rs2292832) and miR-499 (rs3746444) have been associated with ischemic stroke (IS), but studies have given inconsistent results.

Methods

This meta-analysis investigated the possible association between IS risk and the four polymorphisms. A total of 14 case-control studies from Asian populations involving 6,083 cases and 7,248 controls for the four polymorphisms were included.

Results

Results showed that the GG genotype of miR-146a (rs2910164) may be associated with increased IS risk according to the recessive model (OR=1.20, 95% CI=1.02–1.42, P=0.03). Similarly, the CC genotype of miR-149 (rs2292832) may be associated with increased IS risk according to the recessive model (OR=1.28, 95% CI=1.08–1.52, P=0.005) and the homozygous model (OR=1.31, 95% CI=1.09–1.58, P=0.004). In contrast, miR-196a2 (rs11614913) and miR-499 (rs3746444) polymorphisms did not show significant association with IS risk in any of the five genetic models.

Conclusion

These results indicate that the GG genotype of miR-146a (rs2910164) and CC genotype of miR-149 (rs2292832) may confer increased susceptibility to IS, while miR-196a2 (rs11614913) and miR-499 (rs3746444) polymorphisms may not be associated with IS risk in Asian populations. These conclusions should be verified in large and well-designed studies.

A Meta-Analysis of the Association between Microrna-196A2 and Risk of Ischemic Stroke and Coronary Artery Disease in Asian Population

OBJECT

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) that affect the sncRNA function and target gene expression to mediate the risk of certain diseases. The association between the miR-196a2 rs11614913 and ischemic stroke (IS) and coronary artery disease (CAD) is still conflicting and inconclusive. This meta-analysis aimed at analysing studies which have been done so far to get a more precise assessment of the association between the mutation and these two diseases.

METHODS

Electronic databases dated up to April 2018 were searched, retrieved and used. Revman 5.2 software and STATA version 12.0 were used for statistical analysis. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to identify any potential associations. Heterogeneity, publication bias and sensitivity analysis were conducted to measure the robustness of our findings.

RESULTS

The overall meta-analysis results showed that miR-196a2 rs11614913 T > C polymorphism was significantly associated with CAD risk in certain genetic models, as well as in subgroup analysis (CC versus TT, OR = .43, 95%CI = .39-.47, P < .00001). However, no significant association was detected between the miR-196a2 rs11614913 T > C and IS risk in all genetic models.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study suggests that miR-196a2 rs11614913 T > C may contribute to CAD susceptibility but further well-designed studies with larger sample size and comprehensive data are needed to confirm our findings and provide a profound conclusion.

Association Between MicroRNAs Polymorphisms and Risk of Ischemic Stroke: A Meta-Analysis in Chinese Individuals

Objective: Previous studies have demonstrated that some single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in miRNAs are related to the risk of ischemic stroke (IS), but the conclusions are still controversial and inconclusive. We performed this meta-analysis to further assess the association between miR-146a C>G (rs2910164), miR-149 T>C (rs2292832), miR-196a2 T>C (rs11614913), miR-499 A>G (rs3746444) and risk of IS in Chinese individuals. Methods: Relevant studies were identified in the databases of PubMed, Embase. The strength of correlation between microRNAs polymorphisms and IS risk was assessed by odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) under five genetic models. Results: 5 studies, containing 2,632 cases and 3,191 controls, were included in this meta-analysis. The overall results of meta-analysis indicated that there were no significant association between miR-146a C>G (rs2910164), miR-149 T>C (rs2292832), miR-196a2 T>C (rs11614913), and the IS risk in the overall analyses. MiR-499 A>G (rs3746444) was associated with an increased IS risk under allele model (OR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.02-1.66), heterozygous model (OR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.01-1.79) and dominant model (OR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.02-1.80) in Chinese. The sensitivity analysis results of these four polymorphisms were similar to the overall results. Conclusion: MiR-499 A>G (rs3746444) G allele and AG, AG + AA genotype might be risk factors of IS in Chinese. No significant association was observed between miR-146a C>G (rs2910164), miR-149 T>C (rs2292832), miR-196a2 T>C (rs11614913), and IS risk. The associations may be different due to geographical factors of China. More explorations in more diverse geographically regions with large sample size are expected to further verify the findings in the future.