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Ye W, Ya‐xuan C, Shan‐shan T, Qiu L, Ting M, Shao‐jie C, Yu C. NR5A2 promotes malignancy progression and mediates the effect of cisplatin in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Immun Inflamm Dis 2024; 12:e1172. [PMID: 38358044 PMCID: PMC10868143 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nuclear receptor subfamily five group A member two (NR5A2) plays a key role in the development of many tumor types, while it is uncertain in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). The aim of this work was to determine the role of NR5A2 in cSCC proliferation, and to determine whether NR5A2 mediates the effect of cisplatin in cSCC. METHODS We performed a systematic study of existing data and conducted a preliminary bioinformatics analysis of NR5A2 expression in cSCC using bioinformatics databases. Immunohistochemical staining was performed on cSCC tissues of seven patients to study NR5A2 expression. NR5A2 expression was examined in human keratin-forming cells (HaCaT) and human cSCC cells (A431, Colo-16, SCL-1, SCL-2, and HSC-5). Stable A431 and SCL-2 cell lines consisting of sh-RNA-NR5A2 were constructed to detect changes in cell proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, and to determine the key proteins in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. We also investigated changes in the effects of cisplatin on cSCC cells by CCK-8, clone formation assay, and Flow apoptosis assay after NR5A2 knockdown. RESULTS NR5A2 showed enhanced expression in cSCC tissues than in healthy tissues. Downregulation of NR5A2 in cSCC cells led to the formation of a less malignant phenotype. In contrast, the proliferative capacity of the cSCC cells was enhanced posttreatment with RJW100, an NR5A2 agonist. Additionally, NR5A2 knockdown led to a decrease in the expression level of the proteins in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, and this inhibition was reversed by LiCl and recombinant antibody, Wnt3a. Moreover, NR5A2 knockdown resulted in diminished proliferative capacity and increased apoptotic cells after the addition of cisplatin. CONCLUSION NR5A2 plays a crucial role in the progression of cSCC, and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway may be involved in the regulation of NR5A2-mediated cSCC. Knockdown of NR5A2 enhanced both the proliferation inhibiting and apoptosis promoting effects of cisplatin on cSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Ye
- School of Clinical MedicineGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
| | - Cao Ya‐xuan
- Department of DermatologyAffiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
| | - Tang Shan‐shan
- School of Clinical MedicineGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
| | - Long Qiu
- School of Clinical MedicineGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
| | - Ma Ting
- School of Clinical MedicineGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
| | - Chen Shao‐jie
- School of Clinical MedicineGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
| | - Cao Yu
- School of Clinical MedicineGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
- Department of DermatologyAffiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
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Michalek S, Goj T, Plazzo AP, Marovca B, Bornhauser B, Brunner T. LRH
‐1/
NR5A2
interacts with the glucocorticoid receptor to regulate glucocorticoid resistance. EMBO Rep 2022; 23:e54195. [PMID: 35801407 PMCID: PMC9442305 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202154195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Svenja Michalek
- Department of Biology, Biochemical Pharmacology University of Konstanz Konstanz Germany
- Konstanz Research School Chemical Biology KORS‐CB University of Konstanz Konstanz Germany
| | - Thomas Goj
- Department of Biology, Biochemical Pharmacology University of Konstanz Konstanz Germany
| | - Anna Pia Plazzo
- Department of Biology, Biochemical Pharmacology University of Konstanz Konstanz Germany
| | - Blerim Marovca
- Division of Oncology and Children's Research Centre University Children's Hospital Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - Beat Bornhauser
- Division of Oncology and Children's Research Centre University Children's Hospital Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - Thomas Brunner
- Department of Biology, Biochemical Pharmacology University of Konstanz Konstanz Germany
- Konstanz Research School Chemical Biology KORS‐CB University of Konstanz Konstanz Germany
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Targeting Nuclear Receptors in Lung Cancer—Novel Therapeutic Prospects. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15050624. [PMID: 35631448 PMCID: PMC9145966 DOI: 10.3390/ph15050624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer, the second most commonly diagnosed cancer, is the major cause of fatalities worldwide for both men and women, with an estimated 2.2 million new incidences and 1.8 million deaths, according to GLOBOCAN 2020. Although various risk factors for lung cancer pathogenesis have been reported, controlling smoking alone has a significant value as a preventive measure. In spite of decades of extensive research, mechanistic cues and targets need to be profoundly explored to develop potential diagnostics, treatments, and reliable therapies for this disease. Nuclear receptors (NRs) function as transcription factors that control diverse biological processes such as cell growth, differentiation, development, and metabolism. The aberrant expression of NRs has been involved in a variety of disorders, including cancer. Deregulation of distinct NRs in lung cancer has been associated with numerous events, including mutations, epigenetic modifications, and different signaling cascades. Substantial efforts have been made to develop several small molecules as agonists or antagonists directed to target specific NRs for inhibiting tumor cell growth, migration, and invasion and inducing apoptosis in lung cancer, which makes NRs promising candidates for reliable lung cancer therapeutics. The current work focuses on the importance of various NRs in the development and progression of lung cancer and highlights the different small molecules (e.g., agonist or antagonist) that influence NR expression, with the goal of establishing them as viable therapeutics to combat lung cancer.
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Sun W, Shi Q, Li J, Li J, Yu L. LRH1 Promotes Tumor Cell Proliferation and Migration and Is Correlated With Poor Prognosis in Ovarian Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:583566. [PMID: 33194722 PMCID: PMC7641615 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.583566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Liver receptor homolog 1 (LRH1) plays a vital role in several human cancers, but its role in ovarian cancer (OC) remains unclear. We aimed to explore the functions of LRH1 and its clinical relevance. Methods LRH1 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The effects of LRH1 on tumor cell proliferation, migration and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) were evaluated in vitro. Furthermore, bioinformatics analysis was applied to predict the functions of LRH1. Results RT-qPCR showed that LRH1 mRNA expression was higher in the invasive lesions (P < 0.05). LRH1 overexpression was extremely related with elevated International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage (P = 0.001), lymph node metastasis (P = 0.011), peritoneal metastasis (P = 0.001), and platinum resistance (P = 0.037). Furthermore, LRH1 expression was an independent prognostic index for disease-free survival in patients with OC (P = 0.041). LRH1 overexpression (P = 0.011), FIGO stage (P < 0.001), and ascites (P = 0.015) independently affected peritoneal metastasis in patients with OC. LRH1 knockdown significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration, and EMT of human OC cells (P < 0.05); however, it reversed cisplatin resistance. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that the functions of LRH1 were associated with the PRC1 complex, nuclear ubiquitin ligase complex, and Polycomb-group (PcG) proteins. Conclusions This study provides evidence of the predictive value of LRH1 on peritoneal metastasis and poor outcome and highlights the potential role of LRH1 as a biomarker for the targeted therapy of OC. Furthermore, LRH1 promotes OC cell proliferation, migration, and EMT in vitro, and its functions may be associated with PRC1 complex, nuclear ubiquitin ligase complex, and PcG proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhou Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qingtao Shi
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Department of Gynecology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jinmeng Li
- Department of Gynecology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Libo Yu
- Department of Gynecology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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5
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Yang Q, Deng L, Li J, Miao P, Liu W, Huang Q. NR5A2 Promotes Cell Growth and Resistance to Temozolomide Through Regulating Notch Signal Pathway in Glioma. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:10231-10244. [PMID: 33116604 PMCID: PMC7567570 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s243833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glioma is a fatal primary malignant tumor. We aimed to explore the effect of nuclear receptor subfamily 5 group A member 2 (NR5A2) on glioma. Methods NR5A2 expression in glioma tissues and cells was detected using qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC)/Western blot. SPSS 22.0 was performed to explore the relationship between NR5A2 expression and glioma clinicopathologic features. The down-expressed plasmid of NR5A2 was transfected into glioma cells, and the cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion were respectively determined by MTT, EdU, flow cytometry, wound healing and transwell assays. Cell cycle was analyzed using flow cytometry. Temozolomide (TMZ)-resistant glioma cells were established to define the effect of NR5A2 on drug resistance. The expressions of Notch pathway-related proteins were assessed by Western blot. Glioma nude mice model was constructed to explore the role of NR5A2 played in vivo. Results NR5A2 was highly expressed in glioma tissues and cell lines. NR5A2 overexpression was related to the poor prognosis of glioma patients. NR5A2 knockdown inhibited cell viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion, induced cell cycle arrest and promoted cell apoptosis in U138 and U251 cells. In U138/TMZ and U251/TMZ cell lines, NR5A2 upregulation enhanced TMZ resistance while NR5A2 downregulation reduced it. The knockdown of NR5A2 influenced the expressions of Notch pathway-related proteins. NR5A2 knockdown suppressed tumor growth and facilitated apoptosis in glioma mice model. Conclusion NR5A2 affected glioma cell malignant behaviors and TMZ resistance via Notch signaling pathway and it might be a novel target in glioma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanxi Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Shangqiu in Henan Province, Shangqiu Clinical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Shangqiu 476100, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Deng
- Department of Neonatology, The First People's Hospital of Shangqiu in Henan Province, Shangqiu Clinical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Shangqiu 476100, People's Republic of China
| | - Jialiang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Shangqiu in Henan Province, Shangqiu Clinical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Shangqiu 476100, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Miao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Shangqiu in Henan Province, Shangqiu Clinical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Shangqiu 476100, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxiang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Shangqiu in Henan Province, Shangqiu Clinical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Shangqiu 476100, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Shangqiu in Henan Province, Shangqiu Clinical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Shangqiu 476100, People's Republic of China
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Michalek S, Brunner T. Nuclear-mitochondrial crosstalk: On the role of the nuclear receptor liver receptor homolog-1 (NR5A2) in the regulation of mitochondrial metabolism, cell survival, and cancer. IUBMB Life 2020; 73:592-610. [PMID: 32931651 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Liver receptor homolog-1 (LRH-1, NR5A2) is an orphan nuclear receptor with widespread activities in the regulation of development, stemness, metabolism, steroidogenesis, and proliferation. Many of the LRH-1-regulated processes target the mitochondria and associated activities. While under physiological conditions, a balanced LRH-1 expression and regulation contribute to the maintenance of a physiological equilibrium, deregulation of LRH-1 has been associated with inflammation and cancer. In this review, we discuss the role and mechanism(s) of how LRH-1 regulates metabolic processes, cell survival, and cancer in a nuclear-mitochondrial crosstalk, and evaluate its potential as a pharmacological target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svenja Michalek
- Biochemical Pharmacology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Thomas Brunner
- Biochemical Pharmacology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
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Wei Y, Wang X, Zhang Z, Zhao C, Chang Y, Bian Z, Zhao X. Impact of NR5A2 and RYR2 3'UTR polymorphisms on the risk of breast cancer in a Chinese Han population. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2020; 183:1-8. [PMID: 32572717 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-020-05736-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The NR5A2 and RYR2 genes are important players in steroid metabolism and play an important role in cancer research. In this research, we want to evaluate the effect of NR5A2 and RYR2 polymorphisms on breast cancer (BC). METHODS Four single nucleotide polymorphisms on NR5A2 and RYR2 were selected to genotype by Agena MassARRAY in 379 BC patients and 407 healthy controls. Using the PLINK software to calculate the Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) via the logistic regression analysis to evaluate the risk for BC. RESULTS We found that NR5A2 rs2246209 significantly decreased the risk of BC with the AA genotype (OR 0.58, 95%CI 0.34-0.99, p = 0.049), and recessive model (OR 0.59, 95%CI 0.35-0.99, p = 0.046); rs12594 in the RYR2 gene significantly decreased the risk of BC in the GG genotype (OR 0.44, 95%CI 0.22-0.88, p = 0.020), and recessive model (OR 0.43, 95%CI 0.21-0.85, p = 0.016). Further stratification analysis showed that NR5A2 rs2246209 was related to a lower incidence of BC affected by age, lymph nodes metastasis, and tumor stage; RYR2 rs12594 was related to a decreased BC risk restricted by age, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), menopausal status, tumor size, and tumor stage. Rs12594 in the RyR2 gene remained significant on the genetic susceptibility of PR-positive BC after Bonferroni correction (p < 0.0125). CONCLUSIONS This study provides an evidence that NR5A2 rs2246209 and RYR2 rs12594 decreased the risk of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wei
- Department of Internal Medicine Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Internal Medicine Oncology, Yulin No.2 Hospital, Yulin, 719000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Yulin No.2 Hospital, Yulin, 719000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Yulin No.2 Hospital, Yulin, 719000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Changtao Zhao
- Department of Internal Medicine Oncology, Yulin No.2 Hospital, Yulin, 719000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuwei Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine Oncology, Yulin No.2 Hospital, Yulin, 719000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhiqing Bian
- Department of Internal Medicine Oncology, Yulin No.2 Hospital, Yulin, 719000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinhan Zhao
- Department of Internal Medicine Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
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Seacrist CD, Kuenze G, Hoffmann RM, Moeller BE, Burke JE, Meiler J, Blind RD. Integrated Structural Modeling of Full-Length LRH-1 Reveals Inter-domain Interactions Contribute to Receptor Structure and Function. Structure 2020; 28:830-846.e9. [PMID: 32433991 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2020.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Liver receptor homolog-1 (LRH-1; NR5A2) is a nuclear receptor that regulates a diverse array of biological processes. In contrast to dimeric nuclear receptors, LRH-1 is an obligate monomer and contains a subtype-specific helix at the C terminus of the DNA-binding domain (DBD), termed FTZ-F1. Although detailed structural information is available for individual domains of LRH-1, it is unknown how these domains exist in the intact nuclear receptor. Here, we developed an integrated structural model of human full-length LRH-1 using a combination of HDX-MS, XL-MS, Rosetta computational docking, and SAXS. The model predicts the DBD FTZ-F1 helix directly interacts with ligand binding domain helix 2. We confirmed several other predicted inter-domain interactions via structural and functional analyses. Comparison between the LRH-1/Dax-1 co-crystal structure and the integrated model predicted and confirmed Dax-1 co-repressor to modulate LRH-1 inter-domain dynamics. Together, these data support individual LRH-1 domains interacting to influence receptor structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corey D Seacrist
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Georg Kuenze
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Reece M Hoffmann
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Brandon E Moeller
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - John E Burke
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Jens Meiler
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Institute for Drug Discovery, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany; Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Raymond D Blind
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
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Bacolod MD, Huang J, Giardina SF, Feinberg PB, Mirza AH, Swistel A, Soper SA, Barany F. Prediction of blood-based biomarkers and subsequent design of bisulfite PCR-LDR-qPCR assay for breast cancer detection. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:85. [PMID: 32005108 PMCID: PMC6995062 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-6574-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Interrogation of site-specific CpG methylation in circulating tumor DNAs (ctDNAs) has been employed in a number of studies for early detection of breast cancer (BrCa). In many of these studies, the markers were identified based on known biology of BrCa progression, and interrogated using methyl-specific PCR (MSP), a technique involving bisulfite conversion, PCR, and qPCR. Methods In this report, we are demonstrating the development of a novel assay (Multiplex Bisulfite PCR-LDR-qPCR) which can potentially offer improvements to MSP, by integrating additional steps such as ligase detection reaction (LDR), methylated CpG target enrichment, carryover protection (use of uracil DNA glycosylase), and minimization of primer-dimer formation (use of ribose primers and RNAseH2). The assay is designed to for breast cancer-specific CpG markers identified through integrated analyses of publicly available genome-wide methylation datasets for 31 types of primary tumors (including BrCa), as well as matching normal tissues, and peripheral blood. Results Our results indicate that the PCR-LDR-qPCR assay is capable of detecting ~ 30 methylated copies of each of 3 BrCa-specific CpG markers, when mixed with excess amount unmethylated CpG markers (~ 3000 copies each), which is a reasonable approximation of BrCa ctDNA overwhelmed with peripheral blood cell-free DNA (cfDNA) when isolated from patient plasma. The bioinformatically-identified CpG markers are located in promoter regions of NR5A2 and PRKCB, and a non-coding region of chromosome 1 (upstream of EFNA3). Additional bioinformatic analyses would reveal that these methylation markers are independent of patient race and age, and positively associated with signaling pathways associated with BrCa progression (such as those related to retinoid nuclear receptor, PTEN, p53, pRB, and p27). Conclusion This report demonstrates the potential utilization of bisulfite PCR-LDR-qPCR assay, along with bioinformatically-driven biomarker discovery, in blood-based BrCa detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manny D Bacolod
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
| | - Jianmin Huang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Sarah F Giardina
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Philip B Feinberg
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Aashiq H Mirza
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Alexander Swistel
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Steven A Soper
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 66047, USA
| | - Francis Barany
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
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10
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Summers C, Sheth VS, Bleakley M. Minor Histocompatibility Antigen-Specific T Cells. Front Pediatr 2020; 8:284. [PMID: 32582592 PMCID: PMC7283489 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2020.00284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Minor Histocompatibility (H) antigens are major histocompatibility complex (MHC)/Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA)-bound peptides that differ between allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) recipients and their donors as a result of genetic polymorphisms. Some minor H antigens can be used as therapeutic T cell targets to augment the graft-vs.-leukemia (GVL) effect in order to prevent or manage leukemia relapse after HCT. Graft engineering and post-HCT immunotherapies are being developed to optimize delivery of T cells specific for selected minor H antigens. These strategies have the potential to reduce relapse risk and thereby permit implementation of HCT approaches that are associated with less toxicity and fewer late effects, which is particularly important in the growing and developing pediatric patient. Most minor H antigens are expressed ubiquitously, including on epithelial tissues, and can be recognized by donor T cells following HCT, leading to graft-vs.-host disease (GVHD) as well as GVL. However, those minor H antigens that are expressed predominantly on hematopoietic cells can be targeted for selective GVL. Once full donor hematopoietic chimerism is achieved after HCT, hematopoietic-restricted minor H antigens are present only on residual recipient malignant hematopoietic cells, and these minor H antigens serve as tumor-specific antigens for donor T cells. Minor H antigen-specific T cells that are delivered as part of the donor hematopoietic stem cell graft at the time of HCT contribute to relapse prevention. However, in some cases the minor H antigen-specific T cells delivered with the graft may be quantitatively insufficient or become functionally impaired over time, leading to leukemia relapse. Following HCT, adoptive T cell immunotherapy can be used to treat or prevent relapse by delivering large numbers of donor T cells targeting hematopoietic-restricted minor H antigens. In this review, we discuss minor H antigens as T cell targets for augmenting the GVL effect in engineered HCT grafts and for post-HCT immunotherapy. We will highlight the importance of these developments for pediatric HCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinne Summers
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Vipul S Sheth
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Marie Bleakley
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
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Szewczuk W, Szewczuk O, Czajkowski K, Grala B, Semczuk A. Ovarian adult-type granulosa cell tumor concomitant with simple endometrial hyperplasia: a case study with selected immunohistochemistry. J Int Med Res 2019; 48:300060519886984. [PMID: 31870196 PMCID: PMC7607058 DOI: 10.1177/0300060519886984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian adult-type granulosa cell tumors are often associated with endometrial hyperplasia or even uterine cancer. Herein, we present a case report of a 65-year-old female patient who had undergone curettage of the uterine cavity several times due to abnormal and irregular uterine bleeding. Owing to recurrent episodes of vaginal bleeding as well as ineffective pharmacological treatment of simple endometrial hyperplasia without atypia, the patient underwent a laparoscopically-assisted vaginal hysterectomy. Owing to an enlarged right ovary with bluish color, intra-operative pathological examination was immediately performed. Surprisingly, an ovarian adult-type granulosa cell tumor was diagnosed, and the surgery was extended to pelvic lymphadenectomy and omentectomy. Immunohistochemical staining with selected antibodies (Arginase 2, Nidogen 2, BAF250a/ARID1A, GPR30, SF-1/NR5A, and 1LRH-2E1/NR5A2) was also performed. In conclusion, in cases of recurrent vaginal bleeding concomitant with endometrial hyperplasia, the existence of rare ovarian tumors connected with extensive estrogenic stimulation must be taken into account. Immunostaining with selected antibodies (Arginase 2, Nidogen 2, ARID1A, or GPR30) may help elucidate the possible molecular mechanisms associated with the BAF250a/development of various ovarian/endometrial abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiktor Szewczuk
- Department of Pathology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Oksana Szewczuk
- IInd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Czajkowski
- IInd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Grala
- Department of Pathology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Semczuk
- IInd Department of Gynecology, Lublin Medical University, Lublin, Poland
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Liu L, Li Y, Pan B, Zhang T, Wei D, Zhu Y, Guo Y. Nr5a2 promotes tumor growth and metastasis of gastric cancer AGS cells by Wnt/beta-catenin signaling. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:2891-2902. [PMID: 31114234 PMCID: PMC6489909 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s201228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Nr5a2 (nuclear receptor subfamily 5 group A member 2, also known as LRH-1), which belongs to the NR5A (Ftz-F1) subfamily of nuclear receptors, is a key regulator in stem cell pluripotency and the development of several types of cancer. However, the data are controversial. Since Nr5a2 plays different roles in multiple types of cancer and the function of Nr5a2 in gastric cancer (GC) has not been revealed, we studied the role and molecular mechanism of Nr5a2 in GC. Methods: In this study, we have investigated the effect of Nr5a2 on tumor growth and metastasis by in vivo and in vitro models. Results: The results showed that knockdown of Nr5a2 could inhibit cell proliferation via arresting the cell cycle in the G2/M phase and suppress cell mobility through preventing the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process in AGS cells. In addition, knockdown of Nr5a2 could suppress tumorigenesis and metastasis of AGS cells in vivo. We also demonstrated that knockdown of Nr5a2 inhibited cellular proliferation and mobility by suppressing the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway. Conclusion: Nr5a2 may act as an oncogene in GC development. The EMT process and the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway play an important role in the Nr5a2 induced GC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- Medical Research Center, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,The Second Chengdu Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of General Surgery, No. 42 Hospital of PLA, Leshan, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Biran Pan
- Medical Research Center, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,The Second Chengdu Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tongtong Zhang
- Medical Research Center, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,The Second Chengdu Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Danfeng Wei
- Medical Research Center, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,The Second Chengdu Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifang Zhu
- Medical Research Center, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,The Second Chengdu Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanbiao Guo
- Medical Research Center, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,The Second Chengdu Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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13
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Liu Y, Xing Y, Wang H, Yan S, Wang X, Cai L. LRH1 as a promising prognostic biomarker and predictor of metastasis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Thorac Cancer 2018; 9:1725-1732. [PMID: 30273983 PMCID: PMC6275822 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.12887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND LRH1, which promotes the malignant transformation of carcinoma, has recently been documented in several types of malignancies. However, LRH1 has not been assessed as a potential clinical biomarker in any cancer. METHODS LRH1 expression was tested in fresh-frozen tissue samples with quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot analysis. Surgically resected tumor tissues were collected from 156 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients: 75 with adenocarcinoma and 81 with squamous cell carcinoma. Subsequently, the immunohistochemical expression of LRH1 was examined, and its clinical significance was evaluated. RESULTS LRH1 overexpression was observed in NSCLC carcinoma tissues compared to adjacent normal lung tissues. LRH1 expression was correlated with poorer differentiation (P = 0.023), pathological tumor classification (P < 0.001), advanced pathological tumor node metastasis stage (P = 0.017), adenocarcinoma subtype (P = 0.031), and positive lymph node metastasis (P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that LRH1 expression status was an independent prognostic factor for overall (hazard ratio 1.372, 95% confidence interval 1.225-1.617; P = 0.003) and disease-free survival (hazard ratio 1.497, 95% confidence interval 1.059-2.115; P = 0.011) in patients who suffered from resectable NSCLC. CONCLUSION The results of our study indicate that LRH1 predicts NSCLC progression, metastasis, and a dismal prognosis, emphasizing its promising role as a novel target in NSCLC therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuechao Liu
- The Fourth Department of Medical OncologyHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinChina
| | - Ying Xing
- The Fourth Department of Medical OncologyHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinChina
| | - Hongmei Wang
- Department of PathologyHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinChina
| | - Shi Yan
- The Fourth Department of Medical OncologyHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinChina
| | - Xinzhu Wang
- The Fourth Department of Medical OncologyHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinChina
| | - Li Cai
- The Fourth Department of Medical OncologyHarbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinChina
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