1
|
Cai M, Chen Y, Wang Y, Fang Q, He X, Wu W, Bao Y, Mao G, Jin W, Zhong W. Sulfated glucuronomannan hexasaccharide G6S1 enhanced lipolysis and lipophagy via PPARα pathway. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2021; 139:106067. [PMID: 34425199 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2021.106067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered as the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome, ranging from benign steatosis to severe non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Recently, it has been found that lipophagy plays a pivotal role in lipid turnover, which can alleviate NAFLD in hepatocytes. In this study, we found that a highly sulfated glucuronomannan hexamer G6S1 has the ability to enhance lipophagy. When treated with G6S1, the number and the size of lipid droplet (LD) decreased significantly on hepatocytes AML12 cells. Western blot results showed that the expressions of the lipolysis-related proteins increased, while the expressions of proteins that is responsible for lipid transportation and synthesis exhibited no significant change. Immunofluorescence assay and electron microscopy results showed an increase of autophagy related protein expression level and lysosome number in hepatocytes treated with G6S1, suggesting that G6S1 could also promote lipophagy. A significant increase of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) expression level was detected in G6S1 treated cells, suggesting that G6S1 may promote autophagy via enhancing the expression of PPARα. In addition, these effects could be inhibited after treatment with autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) and PPARα inhibitor MK-886. These findings indicate that G6S1 can promote lipophagy via enhanced PPARα expression and can result in a slowdown of lipids accumulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Cai
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, PR China
| | - Ying Chen
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, PR China
| | - Yuzhi Wang
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, PR China
| | - Qiufu Fang
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, PR China
| | - Xinyue He
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, PR China
| | - Wanli Wu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, PR China
| | - Yizhong Bao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Geriatrics, Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, 310013, PR China
| | - Genxiang Mao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Geriatrics, Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, 310013, PR China.
| | - Weihua Jin
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, PR China.
| | - Weihong Zhong
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ren X, Xie X, Chen B, Liu L, Jiang C, Qian Q. Marine Natural Products: A Potential Source of Anti-hepatocellular Carcinoma Drugs. J Med Chem 2021; 64:7879-7899. [PMID: 34128674 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c02026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has high associated morbidity and mortality rates. Although chemical medication represents a primary HCC treatment strategy, low response rates and therapeutic resistance serve to reduce its efficacy. Hence, identifying novel effective drugs is urgently needed, and many researchers have sought to identify new anti-cancer drugs from marine organisms. The marine population is considered a "blue drug bank" of unique anti-cancer compounds with diverse groups of chemical structures. Here, we discuss marine-derived compounds, including PM060184 and bryostatin-1, with demonstrated anti-cancer activity in vitro or in vivo. Based on the marine source (sponges, algae, coral, bacteria, and fungi), we introduce pharmacological parameters, compound-induced cytotoxicity, effects on apoptosis and metastasis, and potential molecular mechanisms. Cumulatively, this review provides insights into anti-HCC research conducted to date in the field of marine natural products and marine-derived compounds, as well as the potential pharmacological mechanisms of these compounds and their status in drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xianghai Ren
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China.,Clinical Center of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xiaoyu Xie
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,Clinical Center of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Baoxiang Chen
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,Clinical Center of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Congqing Jiang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,Clinical Center of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Qun Qian
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,Clinical Center of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430071, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Targeting the cytoskeleton against metastatic dissemination. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2021; 40:89-140. [PMID: 33471283 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-020-09936-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a pathology characterized by a loss or a perturbation of a number of typical features of normal cell behaviour. Indeed, the acquisition of an inappropriate migratory and invasive phenotype has been reported to be one of the hallmarks of cancer. The cytoskeleton is a complex dynamic network of highly ordered interlinking filaments playing a key role in the control of fundamental cellular processes, like cell shape maintenance, motility, division and intracellular transport. Moreover, deregulation of this complex machinery contributes to cancer progression and malignancy, enabling cells to acquire an invasive and metastatic phenotype. Metastasis accounts for 90% of death from patients affected by solid tumours, while an efficient prevention and suppression of metastatic disease still remains elusive. This results in the lack of effective therapeutic options currently available for patients with advanced disease. In this context, the cytoskeleton with its regulatory and structural proteins emerges as a novel and highly effective target to be exploited for a substantial therapeutic effort toward the development of specific anti-metastatic drugs. Here we provide an overview of the role of cytoskeleton components and interacting proteins in cancer metastasis with a special focus on small molecule compounds interfering with the actin cytoskeleton organization and function. The emerging involvement of microtubules and intermediate filaments in cancer metastasis is also reviewed.
Collapse
|
4
|
Muscarella AM, Dai W, Mitchell PG, Zhang W, Wang H, Jia L, Stossi F, Mancini MA, Chiu W, Zhang XHF. Unique cellular protrusions mediate breast cancer cell migration by tethering to osteogenic cells. NPJ Breast Cancer 2020; 6:42. [PMID: 32964116 PMCID: PMC7477119 DOI: 10.1038/s41523-020-00183-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Migration and invasion are key properties of metastatic cancer cells. These properties can be acquired through intrinsic reprogramming processes such as epithelial-mesenchymal transition. In this study, we discovered an alternative "migration-by-tethering" mechanism through which cancer cells gain the momentum to migrate by adhering to mesenchymal stem cells or osteoblasts. This tethering is mediated by both heterotypic adherens junctions and gap junctions, and leads to a unique cellular protrusion supported by cofilin-coated actin filaments. Inhibition of gap junctions or depletion of cofilin reduces migration-by-tethering. We observed evidence of these protrusions in bone segments harboring experimental and spontaneous bone metastasis in animal models. These data exemplify how cancer cells may acquire migratory ability without intrinsic reprogramming. Furthermore, given the important roles of osteogenic cells in early-stage bone colonization, our observations raise the possibility that migration-by-tethering may drive the relocation of disseminated tumor cells between different niches in the bone microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron M. Muscarella
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030 USA
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030 USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030 USA
- Graduate Program in Integrative Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Wei Dai
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Institute for Quantitative Biomedicine, Rutgers University, 174 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA
| | - Patrick G. Mitchell
- Graduate Program in Integrative Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030 USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030 USA
- National Center for Macromolecular Imaging, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030 USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Weijie Zhang
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030 USA
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030 USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Hai Wang
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030 USA
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030 USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Luyu Jia
- Graduate Program in Integrative Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Fabio Stossi
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030 USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Michael A. Mancini
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030 USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Wah Chiu
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Xiang H.-F. Zhang
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030 USA
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030 USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030 USA
- McNair Medical Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Targeting ROCK/LIMK/cofilin signaling pathway in cancer. Arch Pharm Res 2019; 42:481-491. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-019-01153-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
6
|
Gainullin MR, Zhukov IY, Zhou X, Mo Y, Astakhova L, Ernberg I, Matskova L. Degradation of cofilin is regulated by Cbl, AIP4 and Syk resulting in increased migration of LMP2A positive nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9012. [PMID: 28827787 PMCID: PMC5567079 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09540-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Expression of cofilin is directly associated with metastatic activity in many tumors. Here, we studied the role of Latent Membrane Protein 2 A (LMP2A) of Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) in the accumulation of cofilin observed in nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) tumor cells. We used LMP2A transformed NPC cell lines to analyze cofilin expression. We used mutation analysis, ectopic expression and down-regulation of Cbl, AIP4 and Syk in these cell lines to determine the effect of the LMP2A viral protein on cofilin degradation and its role in the assembly of a cofilin degrading protein complex. The LMP2A of EBV was found to interfer with cofilin degradation in NPC cells by accelerating the proteasomal degradation of Cbl and Syk. In line with this, we found significantly higher cofilin expression in NPC tumor samples as compared to the surrounding epithelial tissues. Cofilin, as an actin severing protein, influences cellular plasticity, and facilitates cellular movement in response to oncogenic stimuli. Thus, under relaxed cellular control, cofilin facilitates tumor cell movement and dissemination. Interference with its degradation may enhance the metastatic potential of NPC cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Murat R Gainullin
- Central Research Laboratory, Nizhniy Novgorod State Medical Academy, Nizhniy Novgorod, Minin Sq. 10/1, 603005, Russia.,Institute of Information Technology, Mathematics and Mechanics, Nizhniy Novgorod State University, Nizhniy Novgorod, Gagarin Av. 23, 603950, Russia
| | - Ilya Yu Zhukov
- Central Research Laboratory, Nizhniy Novgorod State Medical Academy, Nizhniy Novgorod, Minin Sq. 10/1, 603005, Russia.,Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Nizhniy Novgorod State University, Nizhniy Novgorod, Gagarin Av. 23, 603950, Russia
| | - Xiaoying Zhou
- Medical Research Center, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yingxi Mo
- Department of Research, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Lidiia Astakhova
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.,Institute of Food Science and Technology, Kemerovo, Russia
| | - Ingemar Ernberg
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Liudmila Matskova
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Maimaiti Y, Tan J, Liu Z, Guo Y, Yan Y, Nie X, Huang B, Zhou J, Huang T. Overexpression of cofilin correlates with poor survival in breast cancer: A tissue microarray analysis. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:2288-2294. [PMID: 28781665 PMCID: PMC5530183 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cofilin, a key regulator of actin cytoskeleton dynamics, is considered to be involved in cellular migration, tumor invasion and mitosis, and its activity is increased in cancer cells. To address the association between cofilin and breast cancer prognosis, which is unclear at present, cofilin expression was analyzed in tissue microarrays of tumors from 310 patients with breast cancer via immunohistochemistry. In a multivariate Cox regression analysis, a high expression of cofilin in tumor cells correlated significantly with shorter overall survival (hazard ratio, 2.22; 95% confidence interval, 1.35–3.66, P=0.002, and with the Nottingham histologic grade, Ki-67 status and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 status (P=0.031, 0.001, and 0.001, respectively). Cofilin expression was not observed as correlated with estrogen or progesterone receptor expression, tumor size or lymph node status. These data demonstrate that cofilin is associated with poor outcome, thereby suggesting that it is a potential prognostic factor in breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yusufu Maimaiti
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China.,Department of General Surgery, Research Institute of Minimally Invasive, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830000, P.R. China
| | - Jie Tan
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Zeming Liu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Yawen Guo
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Yu Yan
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Xiu Nie
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Bangxing Huang
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Maimaiti Y, Jie T, Jing Z, Changwen W, Pan Y, Chen C, Tao H. Aurora kinase A induces papillary thyroid cancer lymph node metastasis by promoting cofilin-1 activity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 473:212-218. [PMID: 27003257 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.03.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Aurora-A (Aur-A), a member of the serine/threonine Aurora kinase family, plays an important role in ensuring genetic stability during cell division. Previous studies indicated that Aur-A possesses oncogenic activity and may be a valuable therapeutic target in cancer therapy. However, the role of Aur-A in the most common thyroid cancer, papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), remains largely unknown. In patients with PTC, cancer cell migration and invasion account for most of the metastasis, recurrence, and cancer-related deaths. Cofilin-1 (CFL-1) is the most important effector of actin polymerization and depolymerization, determining the direction of cell migration. Here, we assessed the correlation between Aur-A and CFL-1 in PTC with lymph node metastasis. Tissue microarray data showed that simultaneous overexpression of Aur-A and CFL-1 correlated with lymph node metastasis in thyroid cancer tissue. Inhibition of Aur-A suppressed thyroid cancer cell migration in vitro and decreased lymph node metastasis in nude mice. Importantly, Aur-A increased the non-phosphorylated, active form of CFL-1 in TPC-1 cells, thus promoting cancer cell migration and thyroid cancer lymph node metastasis. Our findings indicate that the combination of Aur-A and CFL-1 may be useful as a molecular prediction model for lymph node metastasis in thyroid cancer and raise the possibility of targeting Aur-A and CFL-1 for more effective treatment of thyroid cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yusufu Maimaiti
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tan Jie
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhou Jing
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wang Changwen
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Pan
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Laboratory of General Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huang Tao
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wu J, Liu S, Fan Z, Zhang L, Tian Y, Yang R. A novel and selective inhibitor of PKC ζ potently inhibits human breast cancer metastasis in vitro and in mice. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:8391-401. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4744-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
|
10
|
Farooqi AA, Attar R, Gasparri ML. Drugs from marine sources: modulation of TRAIL induced apoptosis in cancer cells. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 15:9045-7. [PMID: 25374250 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.20.9045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
There have been overwhelming advances in molecular oncology and data obtained through high-throughput technologies have started to shed light on wide ranging molecular mechanisms that underpin cancer progression. Increasingly it is being realized that marine micro-organisms and the biodiversity of plankton are rich sources of various anticancer compounds. Marine derived compounds play major roles in inducing apoptosis in cancer cells. More importantly, various agents have been noted to enhance TRAIL induced apoptosis in cancer cells by functionalizing intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. In this commentary, a list of marine derived compounds reported to induce apoptosis is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ammad Ahmad Farooqi
- Laboratory for Translational Oncology and Personalized Medicine, Rashid Latif Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan E-mail :
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Tian X, Wei Z, Wang J, Liu P, Qin Y, Zhong M. MicroRNA-429 inhibits the migration and invasion of colon cancer cells by targeting PAK6/cofilin signaling. Oncol Rep 2015; 34:707-14. [PMID: 26058485 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs), a class of non-coding RNAs 18-25 nucleotides in length, can lead to mRNA degradation or inhibit protein translation by directly binding to the 3'-untranslational region (UTR) of their target mRNAs. The deregulation of miR-429 has been suggested to be involved in the development and progression of colon cancer. However, the detailed molecular mechanism involved remains to be determined. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of miR-429 in the regulation of migration and invasion of colon cancer cells using RT-qPCR and western blotting. The results showed that the expression of miR-429 was reduced in colon cancer cell lines, when compared to a normal colon epithelial cell line. Treatment with DNA demethylation agent 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine and histone deacetylase inhibitor phenylbutyrate (PBA), or transfection with the pre-miR-429 lentivirus plasmid led to the upregulation of miR-429 expression, as well as inhibition of migration and invasion in colon cancer cells. Investigation of the molecular mechanism showed that PAK6 was a novel target of miR-429, and the expression of PAK6 was upregulated in colon cancer tissues and cell lines, and was negatively regulated by miR-429 in colon cancer cells. Moreover, the cofilin signaling acted as a downstream effector of miR-429 in colon cancer cells. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggested that miR-429 inhibits the migration and invasion of colon cancer cells, partly at least, by mediating the expression of PAK6, as well as the activity of cofilin signaling. Therefore, miR-429 is as a potential molecular target for the treatment of colon cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyang Tian
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Zibai Wei
- Department of Oncology, Peace Hospital of Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi 046000, P.R. China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Immunology, Peace Hospital of Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi 046000, P.R. China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Oncology, Peace Hospital of Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi 046000, P.R. China
| | - Yijun Qin
- Department of Pathology, Peace Hospital of Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi 046000, P.R. China
| | - Meizuo Zhong
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zheng K, Kitazato K, Wang Y, He Z. Pathogenic microbes manipulate cofilin activity to subvert actin cytoskeleton. Crit Rev Microbiol 2015; 42:677-95. [PMID: 25853495 DOI: 10.3109/1040841x.2015.1010139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Actin-depolymerizing factor (ADF)/cofilin proteins are key players in controlling the temporal and spatial extent of actin dynamics, which is crucial for mediating host-pathogen interactions. Pathogenic microbes have evolved molecular mechanisms to manipulate cofilin activity to subvert the actin cytoskeletal system in host cells, promoting their internalization into the target cells, modifying the replication niche and facilitating their intracellular and intercellular dissemination. The study of how these pathogens exploit cofilin pathways is crucial for understanding infectious disease and providing potential targets for drug therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zheng
- a Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine , Shenzhen University , Shenzhen , Guangdong , People's Republic of China .,c Guangzhou Jinan Biomedicine Research and Development Center, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Jinan University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Kaio Kitazato
- b Division of Molecular Pharmacology of Infectious Agents, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology , Nagasaki University , Nagasaki , Japan , and
| | - Yifei Wang
- c Guangzhou Jinan Biomedicine Research and Development Center, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Jinan University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Zhendan He
- a Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine , Shenzhen University , Shenzhen , Guangdong , People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|